A compound substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings, its preparation method, and its application. Belonging to the technical field of biocomposite substrates, this invention uses drum slag and blast furnace slag as the main components of the substrate, replacing some conventional cutting substrates. This reduces the extraction of resources such as peat and perlite, and provides a large-scale utilization method for solid waste from the steel industry. The drum slag provides a framework to open up aeration pores, while the blast furnace slag, in conjunction with peat, enhances water retention. The synergy of these two components ensures that the roots receive sufficient water while avoiding oxygen deficiency stress, thus significantly promoting root development. This invention solves the problem of unbalanced water-air ratios in conventional cutting substrates, which make it difficult to balance water retention and aeration, leading to root rot or drought in sensitive flowers. Furthermore, it effectively addresses the problem of large-scale stockpiling of solid waste (drum slag and blast furnace slag) from the steel industry, avoiding resource waste and environmental pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of biological composite substrates, specifically relating to a composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In flower propagation by cuttings, the water-to-air ratio (i.e., the ratio of water holding capacity to aeration porosity) of the substrate is a key factor affecting root development. Traditional organic substrates, mainly peat moss, have strong water retention but poor aeration, easily leading to root hypoxia and root rot. Inorganic substrates, mainly perlite and vermiculite, have good aeration but poor water retention, requiring frequent watering and resulting in high management costs. This is especially true for flowers such as hydrangeas, azaleas, and gardenias, whose roots are extremely sensitive to the water-to-air ratio. The substrate must have good water retention to meet water supply needs, while also providing sufficient aeration porosity to promote root respiration and growth.

[0003] At the same time, the steel industry generates a large amount of solid waste such as drum slag and blast furnace slag every year, which is piled up on a large scale, occupying land and polluting the environment. If these materials can be properly treated and used to regulate the water-air ratio of the substrate, it can not only realize the resource utilization of solid waste, but also replace some peat and perlite, solving the problem of water-air ratio imbalance in traditional substrates, which has important environmental and economic value.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composite substrate for promoting the rooting of flower cuttings, its preparation method and application, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art or achieve better technical effects.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the inventors, through practice and summarization, derived the technical solution of this invention. This invention discloses a composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings, the components of which are as follows by weight:

[0007] 8-39 parts drum slag, 27-54 parts blast furnace slag, 18-22 parts peat, 9-11 parts perlite and 4-14 parts pine bark;

[0008] In the slag produced by the drum, the mass percentage of CaO exceeds 40%, the mass percentage of MgO is ≥4.5%, and the mass percentage of P2O5 is ≥4%.

[0009] In the blast furnace slag, the mass percentage of CaO exceeds 35%, and the mass percentage of SiO2 exceeds 30%.

[0010] Furthermore, the components, by weight, are as follows:

[0011] 16 parts drum slag, 46 parts blast furnace slag, 21 parts peat, 12 parts perlite and 5 parts pine bark.

[0012] Furthermore, the particle size of the slag from the drum is 1~5mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the particle size of the blast furnace slag is 1~2mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the peat is herbaceous peat with an organic matter content of ≥50%.

[0015] Furthermore, the perlite contains 70-75% SiO2 by mass; the perlite has a particle size of 2-4 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the preparation method of any of the above-mentioned composite substrates for promoting rooting of flower cuttings includes the following steps:

[0017] S1: The magnetically separated drum slag and blast furnace slag are crushed and screened separately;

[0018] S2: Crush pine scales into 5-10mm flakes, and pass peat through a 5mm sieve to remove large impurities;

[0019] S3: The pretreated drum slag and blast furnace slag are added into a horizontal mixer in proportion. After mixing, an inorganic mixture is obtained. Then, peat, perlite and pine bark are added to another mixer in proportion. After mixing, a well-mixed organic matrix is ​​obtained.

[0020] S4: Add the inorganic mixture from S3 and the organic matrix into a twin-shaft paddle mixer, add water to adjust the total moisture content of the material, and stir until the material has a uniform appearance and color and no layering.

[0021] S5: Pile the materials mixed with S4 into trapezoidal stacks, turn them over regularly until the materials are fully fermented until there is no obvious odor and the texture is loose, thus obtaining a composite substrate that promotes the rooting of flower cuttings.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S4, the moisture content of the total material is adjusted to 45-55%.

[0023] Furthermore, the application of any of the above-mentioned composite substrates that promote rooting of flower cuttings in hydrangea cutting propagation.

[0024] Furthermore, the application method is as follows: Select healthy, disease-free, and vigorous lignified branches of 3-year-old hydrangeas, and cut the 3rd to 6th node segments as cuttings; retain two leaves on each cutting, and cut the top and bottom ends into a flat cut and a 45° angled cut, respectively, and insert them into the composite substrate that promotes rooting of flower cuttings, at a depth of 3-4 cm, and compact the substrate to ensure close contact between the cuttings and the substrate; after cutting, place them in an environment with a temperature of 22-28℃ and a relative humidity of 75%-95% for cultivation, and spray water every 2-3 days to keep the substrate moist but not waterlogged.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] (1) This invention uses drum slag and blast furnace slag as the main components of the substrate, replacing some of the conventional cutting propagation substrate. This reduces the mining of resources such as peat and perlite, and provides a way to utilize solid waste from the steel industry on a large scale. Drum slag provides a framework to open up the aeration pores, while blast furnace slag works synergistically with peat to enhance water retention. The two work together to ensure that the roots obtain sufficient water while avoiding hypoxia stress, thereby significantly promoting root development. At the same time, the conductivity of this invention is controlled at 0.52~0.74 mS / cm and the pH value is controlled at 7.93~8.99, neither of which causes salt and alkali stress to the plant roots, indicating that the compound system is chemically stable, environmentally friendly, and has good scalability.

[0027] (2) This invention solves the problem of water-air ratio imbalance in conventional cutting substrates, which makes it difficult to balance water retention and aeration, leading to root rot or drought in sensitive flowers. It also effectively solves the problem of large-scale stockpiling of solid waste (roller slag, blast furnace slag) in the steel industry, avoiding resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0028] (3) The present invention uses the rigid skeleton of the drum slag and the porous structure of the blast furnace slag to open the ventilation pores and the peat to enhance the water retention capacity, so that the water-air ratio (water holding pores / ventilation pores) of the matrix is ​​stabilized between 1.59 and 1.94, which is significantly better than pure organic matrix (2.15) and single slag matrix (2.32~3.12). Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 Comparative diagrams of the composite substrate cultured flower cuttings prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of this invention;

[0030] Figure 2 The images show a comparison of the root systems of the composite substrates used to cultivate flower cuttings in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials or reagents used in the following examples are commercially available products.

[0033] The composition of the drum slag, by mass fraction, is as follows: CaO 45.73%, Fe2O3 22.15%, SiO2 15.68%, MgO 4.82%, P2O5 4.09%, MnO 2.82%, Al2O3 2.11%, TiO2 1.16%, and other components 1.44%; the particle size range of the drum slag is 1~5mm.

[0034] The composition of blast furnace slag by mass fraction is as follows: CaO 37.00%, SiO2 33.38%, Al2O3 16.34%, MgO 8.62%, S 1.63%, TiO2 0.93%, Fe2O3 0.74%, Na2O 0.56%, and other components 0.80%; the particle size range of the blast furnace slag is 1~2mm.

[0035] The peat is herbaceous peat with an organic matter content of ≥50% and passes through a 5mm sieve.

[0036] The main component of perlite is SiO2, accounting for about 70-75%, with other components accounting for 25-30%; the particle size range of the perlite is 2-4 mm.

[0037] Pine scales are made from crushed pine bark, with a particle size of 5-10 mm.

[0038] The physicochemical properties of the composite matrices prepared in the following examples and comparative examples are tested using the following methods:

[0039] Bulk density and porosity:

[0040] Take a container with a known volume (V) and weigh it (W1). Fill it with the air-dried matrix to be tested and weigh it (W2). Immerse the container filled with matrix in water for 24 hours using double-layered gauze (the mass of the sealing gauze is negligible) and weigh it (W3). After taking it out, invert the container and drain the water by gravity, and weigh it (W4).

[0041] bulk density (g / cm³) 3 W2 = (W1 - W2) / V; Total porosity = (W3 - W2) / V × 100%;

[0042] Ventilation pores = (W3-W4) / V×100%; Water-holding pores = (W4-W2) / V×100%;

[0043] Water-to-air ratio = water-holding pores / air-permeable pores;

[0044] pH value and EC value:

[0045] The air-dried matrix (mass) and deionized water (volume) were mixed at a ratio of 1:5. After standing for 2 hours, the filtrate was collected and measured using a pH and EC analyzer.

[0046] The following are the test methods for rooting hydrangea cuttings in composite substrates prepared in the examples and comparative examples:

[0047] Rooting rate:

[0048] Rooting rate (%) = (Number of rooted plants / Total number of plants) × 100%, with root length ≥ 1cm considered as rooted.

[0049] Root length, root surface area, root volume:

[0050] Root morphological characteristics (root length, root surface area, root volume, and average root diameter) were measured using a Scan Maker i800Plus scanner (Shanghai Zhongjing Technology Co., Ltd., China).

[0051] A composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings, comprising the following components by weight:

[0052] 8-39 parts drum slag, 27-54 parts blast furnace slag, 18-22 parts peat, 9-11 parts perlite and 4-14 parts pine bark;

[0053] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings includes the following steps:

[0054] (1) The magnetically separated drum slag and blast furnace slag are crushed and screened to a particle size of 1~5mm respectively; the purpose of magnetic separation is to remove residual metallic iron (such as iron filings, iron particles, etc.) in the drum slag, so as to avoid iron impurities from being mixed into the matrix and affecting the growth of plant roots.

[0055] (2) Crush pine scales into 5-10mm flakes, pass peat through a 5mm sieve to remove large impurities, and use 2-4mm horticultural grade perlite;

[0056] (3) Add the pretreated drum slag and blast furnace slag to a horizontal mixer in proportion and stir at 30-50 r / min for 3-5 min to make the two slags initially mixed and obtain inorganic mixture material; then add peat, perlite and pine bark to another mixer in proportion and stir at 30-50 r / min for 2-3 min to make the organic matrix mixed evenly.

[0057] (4) Put the inorganic mixture from step (3) and the organic matrix into a twin-shaft paddle mixer, add water to adjust the total material moisture content to 45-55%, stir at 30-50 r / min for 5-10 min until the material has a uniform color and no layering.

[0058] (5) Pile the mixed material from step (4) into trapezoidal stacks, turn the stack over every 3 to 5 days, and turn it over more than 3 times in total, until the mixture is fully fermented until there is no obvious odor and the texture is loose, thus obtaining a composite substrate that promotes the rooting of flower cuttings.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings, comprising the following components by weight:

[0061] 8 parts drum slag, 54 parts blast furnace slag, 22 parts peat, 11 parts perlite and 5 parts pine bark;

[0062] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings includes the following steps:

[0063] (1) The magnetically separated drum slag and blast furnace slag are crushed and screened to a particle size of 5 mm respectively;

[0064] (2) Crush pine scales into 5mm flakes, pass peat through a 5mm sieve to remove large impurities, and use 2mm horticultural grade perlite.

[0065] (3) The pretreated drum slag and blast furnace slag are put into a horizontal mixer in proportion and stirred at 30~50 r / min for 5 min to make the two slags initially mixed and obtain inorganic mixture material; then peat, perlite and pine bark are added to another mixer in proportion and stirred at 30~50 r / min for 3 min to make the organic matrix evenly mixed.

[0066] (4) Put the inorganic mixture from step (3) and the organic matrix into a twin-shaft paddle mixer, add water to adjust the total material moisture content to 45%, stir at 30~50 r / min for 10 min until the material has a uniform appearance and no layering.

[0067] (5) Pile the mixed material from step (4) into a trapezoidal stack, turn it over every 3 days, and turn it over more than 3 times in total until the mixture is fully fermented until there is no obvious odor and the texture is loose, thus obtaining a composite substrate that promotes the rooting of flower cuttings.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] A composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings, comprising the following components by weight:

[0070] 16 parts drum slag, 46 parts blast furnace slag, 21 parts peat, 12 parts perlite and 5 parts pine bark;

[0071] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings is the same as in Example 1.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] A composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings, comprising the following components by weight:

[0074] 24 parts drum slag, 40 parts blast furnace slag, 21 parts peat, 11 parts perlite and 4 parts pine bark;

[0075] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings is the same as in Example 1.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] A composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings, comprising the following components by weight:

[0078] 32 parts drum slag, 32 parts blast furnace slag, 19 parts peat, 10 parts perlite and 7 parts pine bark;

[0079] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings is the same as in Example 1.

[0080] Example 5

[0081] A composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings, comprising the following components by weight:

[0082] 15 parts drum slag, 42 parts blast furnace slag, 21 parts peat, 16 parts perlite and 6 parts pine bark;

[0083] The preparation method of the above-mentioned composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings is the same as in Example 1.

[0084] Comparative Example 1

[0085] A bio-composite substrate for cultivating flowers, comprising the following components by weight:

[0086] 57 parts peat, 29 parts perlite and 14 parts pine scale;

[0087] The preparation method of the above-mentioned biological composite substrate for cultivating flowers includes the following steps:

[0088] (1) Crush pine scales into 5mm flakes, pass peat through a 5mm sieve to remove large impurities, and use 2mm horticultural grade perlite.

[0089] (2) Add peat, perlite and pine bark to another mixer in proportion and mix at 30~50 r / min for 3 min to make the organic matrix evenly mixed;

[0090] (3) Put the organic matrix from step (2) into a twin-shaft paddle mixer, add water to adjust the total material moisture content to 45%, stir at 30~50 r / min for 10 min until the material has a uniform appearance and no layering.

[0091] (4) Pile the mixed material from step (3) into trapezoidal stacks, turn the stack over every 3 days, and turn it over more than 3 times in total until the mixture is fully fermented until there is no obvious odor and the texture is loose, thus obtaining the biological composite substrate for cultivating flowers.

[0092] Comparative Example 2

[0093] A bio-composite substrate for cultivating flowers, comprising the following components by weight:

[0094] 61 parts blast furnace slag, 22 parts peat, 11 parts perlite and 6 parts pine bark;

[0095] The preparation method of the above-mentioned biological composite substrate for cultivating flowers includes the following steps:

[0096] (1) The blast furnace slag after magnetic separation is crushed and screened to a particle size of 5 mm;

[0097] (2) Crush pine scales into 5mm flakes, pass peat through a 5mm sieve to remove large impurities, and use 2mm horticultural grade perlite.

[0098] (3) The pretreated blast furnace slag is put into a horizontal mixer in proportion and stirred at 30~50 r / min for 5 min to make it initially mixed and obtain inorganic materials; then peat, perlite and pine bark are added to another mixer in proportion and stirred at 30~50 r / min for 3 min to make the organic matrix evenly mixed.

[0099] (4) Put the inorganic material and organic matrix from step (3) into a twin-shaft paddle mixer, add water to adjust the total material moisture content to 45%, stir at 30~50 r / min for 10 min until the material has a uniform appearance and no layering.

[0100] (5) Pile the mixed material from step (4) into trapezoidal stacks, turn the stack over every 3 days, and turn it over more than 3 times in total until the mixture is fully fermented until there is no obvious odor and the texture is loose, thus obtaining the biological composite substrate for cultivating flowers.

[0101] Comparative Example 3

[0102] A bio-composite substrate for cultivating flowers, comprising the following components by weight:

[0103] 69 parts drum slag, 18 parts peat, 9 parts perlite and 4 parts pine bark;

[0104] The preparation method of the above-mentioned bio-composite matrix includes the following steps:

[0105] (1) The magnetically separated drum slag is crushed and screened to a particle size of 5 mm;

[0106] (2) Crush pine scales into 5mm flakes, pass peat through a 5mm sieve to remove large impurities, and use 2mm horticultural grade perlite.

[0107] (3) The pretreated drum slag is put into a horizontal mixer in proportion and stirred at 30~50 r / min for 5 min to make it initially mixed and obtain inorganic material; then peat, perlite and pine bark are added to another mixer in proportion and stirred at 30~50 r / min for 3 min to make the organic matrix evenly mixed.

[0108] (4) Put the inorganic material and organic matrix from step (3) into a twin-shaft paddle mixer, add water to adjust the total material moisture content to 45%, stir at 30~50 r / min for 10 min until the material has a uniform appearance and no layering.

[0109] (5) Pile the mixed material from step (4) into trapezoidal stacks, turn the stack over every 3 days, and turn it over more than 3 times in total until the mixture is fully fermented until there is no obvious odor and the texture is loose, thus obtaining the biological composite substrate for cultivating flowers.

[0110] The composite matrices prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to physicochemical property tests, including conductivity (mS / cm), pH value, and bulk density (g⋅cm³). -3 The total porosity (%), aeration porosity (%), water-holding porosity (%), and water-air ratio were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0111] Table 1. Preparations obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0112] Physicochemical properties of composite matrix

[0113]

[0114] Analysis of Table 1, comparing Examples 1-5, reveals that as the amount of drum slag increased from 8 parts to 32 parts and the amount of blast furnace slag decreased accordingly, the aeration porosity of the matrix showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing: 20.8% at 8 parts, peaking at 24.5% at 16 parts, decreasing to 21.9% at 24 parts, and further decreasing to 18.2% at 32 parts. This indicates that an appropriate amount of drum slag can effectively play a pore-supporting role in the skeleton, while excessive amounts lead to a decrease in the proportion of large pores due to the dense accumulation of coarse particles. The water-holding porosity remained stable within a narrow range of 37.5% to 39.0%, demonstrating the robustness of the synergistic water retention of blast furnace slag and peat. Regarding the water-to-air ratio, Example 2 has a ratio of 1.59, which is the lowest among all examples, indicating that it has the best balance between water retention and ventilation. The water-to-air ratios of Examples 1, 3, and 5 are 1.85, 1.71, and 1.62, respectively, all of which are close to the suitable range of 1.4 to 1.8 for sensitive flowers. However, the water-to-air ratio of Example 4 rises to 2.10, indicating that the water retention is relatively high and the ventilation is slightly insufficient.

[0115] A comparison of Examples 1-5 with Comparative Examples 1-3 reveals significant advantages in pore structure and water-air balance in each embodiment of the present invention. Comparative Example 1 uses a conventional cutting substrate with only 17.23% aeration porosity and a water-air ratio of 2.15. The lack of an inorganic framework leads to excessively high water retention and easy water accumulation and oxygen deficiency. Comparative Example 2 has only 11.88% aeration porosity and a high water-air ratio of 3.12. The accumulation of fine particles results in a severe deficiency of large pores, and the water retention capacity far exceeds the aeration capacity. Comparative Example 3 has 14.46% aeration porosity and a water-air ratio of 2.32, with a pH of 9.79 and an electrical conductivity of 1.33 mS / cm. The pore water-air imbalance and salt-alkali stress coexist. The embodiments of the present invention maintain the water-holding porosity at a stable level of 37.5% to 39.0%, while increasing the aeration porosity to 18.2% to 24.5% and controlling the water-air ratio between 1.59 and 2.10, which is significantly better than the comparative examples. This demonstrates the precise control capability of the combination of drum slag and blast furnace slag in the water-air balance of the matrix.

[0116] The composite substrates prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were used for hydrangea cutting propagation, and the specific methods are as follows:

[0117] Lay a composite substrate about 10cm thick in the seedling pot. Select healthy, disease-free, and vigorous lignified branches of 3-year-old hydrangeas and cut the 3rd to 6th nodes as cuttings. Retain two leaves on each cutting and cut the top and bottom of each cutting into a flat cut and a 45° angled cut, respectively. Insert the cuttings into the composite substrate prepared in this embodiment of the invention to promote rooting of flower cuttings. The insertion depth is 3-4cm. Compact the substrate to ensure close contact between the cuttings and the substrate.

[0118] After cuttings are placed in an environment with a temperature of 22-28℃ and a relative humidity of 75%-95%, and watered by spraying every 2-3 days to keep the substrate moist but not waterlogged. After 50 days of cultivation, growth indicators such as rooting rate, root length, root surface area, and root volume are measured.

[0119] Hydrangeas cultured in the composite substrates prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to tests on various growth indicators, including: rooting rate (%), root length (cm), and root surface area (cm²). 2 ), root volume (cm) 3 The test results for the average root diameter (mm) are shown in Table 2 below.

[0120] Table 2. Preparations of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0121] Results of physiological tests on various hydrangeas cultured in composite substrates

[0122]

[0123] From the above table 2 and Figure 1 , Figure 2 It can be seen that in Examples 1-5, as the amount of drum slag increased and the amount of blast furnace slag decreased accordingly, the root system indicators of the hydrangea cuttings all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Example 2 (16 parts drum slag, 46 parts blast furnace slag) performed best, with a rooting rate of 75.00%, a root length of 82.13 cm, and a root surface area of ​​27.49 cm². 2 Root volume 1.57cm 3 The root development in Example 1 was significantly higher than in other examples due to the low proportion of drum residue; Examples 3 and 5 were in the middle range; Example 4 had the worst root development, with a rooting rate of only 62.67%, due to excessive drum residue causing the water-air ratio to rise to 1.94. The above patterns indicate that root growth is most vigorous when the water-air ratio is controlled between 1.59 and 1.62.

[0124] A comparison of Examples 1-5 with Comparative Examples 1-3 reveals that the root development advantages of each embodiment of the present invention are significant. Comparative Example 1 had a water-to-air ratio of 2.15, insufficient aeration, and a rooting rate of 60.50%; Comparative Example 2 had a water-to-air ratio of 3.12, severe oxygen deficiency, and a rooting rate of 58.00%; Comparative Example 3 had a water-to-air ratio of 2.32 and excessively high salinity, resulting in a rooting rate of only 50.00% and a root length of only 43.65 cm. The embodiments of the present invention, through the compounding of drum slag and blast furnace slag, control the water-to-air ratio at 1.59-1.94, optimizing the rhizosphere water-to-air environment. The mechanism of action is as follows: the drum slag has a particle size of 1-5 mm, and its rigid framework opens up the aeration pores; the blast furnace slag has a particle size of 1-2 mm, is porous and lightweight, and forms a capillary network with peat to enhance water retention. The two form a complementary "skeleton-capillary" structure, achieving water-to-air balance. From a chemical composition perspective, CaO, MgO, and P2O5 in the drum slag hydrate with CaO and SiO2 in the blast furnace slag to form hydrated calcium silicate gel and phosphate colloids, which bind particles of different sizes into stable aggregates. The hydrated calcium silicate gel can adsorb soluble salts and slowly release nutrients, while the OH- produced during the hydration of the drum slag... - It neutralizes the active SiO2 in blast furnace slag, stabilizing the pH below 9.00 and the conductivity between 0.52 and 0.74 mS / cm. Physical complementarity and chemical synergy jointly construct a water-air balance and chemically stable rhizosphere environment, significantly promoting rooting of cuttings.

[0125] This invention uses drum slag and blast furnace slag as the main components of the substrate, replacing some of the conventional cutting propagation substrate. This reduces the mining of resources such as peat and perlite, and provides a large-scale utilization method for solid waste from the steel industry. Meanwhile, the electrical conductivity of each embodiment is controlled between 0.52 and 0.74 mS / cm, and the pH value is between 7.93 and 8.99, without causing salt and alkali stress to the plant roots. This indicates that the compound system is chemically stable, environmentally friendly, and has good scalability.

Claims

1. A composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings, characterized in that, The components, by weight, are as follows: 8-39 parts drum slag, 27-54 parts blast furnace slag, 18-22 parts peat, 9-11 parts perlite and 4-14 parts pine bark; In the slag produced by the drum, the mass percentage of CaO exceeds 40%, the mass percentage of MgO is ≥4.5%, and the mass percentage of P2O5 is ≥4%. In the blast furnace slag, the mass percentage of CaO exceeds 35%, and the mass percentage of SiO2 exceeds 30%.

2. The composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The components, by weight, are as follows: 16 parts drum slag, 46 parts blast furnace slag, 21 parts peat, 12 parts perlite and 5 parts pine bark.

3. The composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the slag from the drum is 1~5mm.

4. The composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the blast furnace slag is 1~2mm.

5. The composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The peat is herbaceous peat with an organic matter content of ≥50%.

6. The composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perlite contains 70-75% SiO2 by mass and has a particle size of 2-4 mm.

7. A method for preparing a composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: S1: The magnetically separated drum slag and blast furnace slag are crushed and screened separately; S2: Crush pine scales into 5-10mm flakes, and pass peat through a 5mm sieve to remove large impurities; S3: The pretreated drum slag and blast furnace slag are added into a horizontal mixer in proportion. After mixing, an inorganic mixture is obtained. Then, peat, perlite and pine bark are added to another mixer in proportion. After mixing, a well-mixed organic matrix is ​​obtained. S4: Add the inorganic mixture from S3 and the organic matrix into a twin-shaft paddle mixer, add water to adjust the total moisture content of the material, and stir until the material has a uniform appearance and color and no layering. S5: Pile the materials mixed with S4 into trapezoidal stacks, turn them over regularly until the materials are fully fermented until there is no obvious odor and the texture is loose, thus obtaining a composite substrate that promotes the rooting of flower cuttings.

8. The method for preparing the composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S4, the moisture content of the total material is adjusted to 45-55%.

9. The application of the composite substrate for promoting rooting of flower cuttings as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 in the propagation of hydrangea cuttings.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method is as follows: Select healthy, disease-free, and vigorous lignified branches of 3-year-old hydrangeas, and cut the 3rd to 6th nodes as cuttings; retain two leaves on each cutting, and cut the top and bottom of each cutting at a flat and a 45° angle, respectively. Insert the cuttings into the composite substrate that promotes rooting of flower cuttings, to a depth of 3-4 cm, and compact the substrate to ensure close contact between the cuttings and the substrate; after planting, place the cuttings in an environment with a temperature of 22-28℃ and a relative humidity of 75%-95%, and spray water every 2-3 days to keep the substrate moist but not waterlogged.

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