Sound barrier unit and sound barrier
By designing a multi-layered sound barrier structure and combining sound-absorbing panels of different materials and apertures, the problems of narrow sound absorption frequency band and poor material stability of existing sound barriers in complex acoustic environments have been solved, achieving better sound absorption and sound insulation effects.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SINOPEC ENGINEERING INCORPORATION
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing sound barriers have a narrow sound absorption frequency range in complex acoustic environments, making them difficult to effectively insulate sound. Furthermore, the sound-absorbing materials are prone to dust shedding and moisture absorption.
Using back panels and sound insulation panels made of different materials, combined with first and second perforated sound-absorbing panels with different pore sizes and perforation rates, a single sound barrier structure with a cavity is formed. Through the design of multiple sound-absorbing and sound-insulating layers, the sound absorption and sound insulation effects are enhanced.
It improves the overall sound insulation and sound absorption frequency range of the sound barrier unit, avoids the influence of the resonance frequency of a single material, enhances the stability and sound insulation effect of the sound absorption layer, and reduces the risk of the material being affected by the external environment.
Smart Images
Figure CN122257364A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of sound barrier technology, and more specifically, to a sound barrier unit and a sound barrier using the sound barrier unit. Background Technology
[0002] Sound barriers are typically installed along roadsides, railways, and other public transportation to prevent noise pollution from affecting residents' lives. Among related technologies, micro-perforated panel sound barriers have the main drawback of a narrow sound absorption frequency range, usually with only one absorption peak. This makes them ineffective in absorbing sound in complex acoustic environments and difficult to achieve sound insulation. Sandwich-type sound barriers are filled with porous sound-absorbing materials, such as aluminum foam or porous ceramics, which slightly improves sound absorption performance, but they are only effective for mid-to-high frequency noise, have poor low-frequency sound absorption performance, and unstable acoustic performance. Furthermore, the internal filling material is prone to dust shedding and moisture absorption. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a sound barrier unit that has good sound insulation and sound absorption effects.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure provides a single sound barrier unit, comprising: The sound insulation layer includes a back panel and a sound insulation board, wherein the back panel is attached to the first side of the sound insulation board; The sound-absorbing layer includes a first perforated sound-absorbing plate and a second perforated sound-absorbing plate. The first side of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate is spaced apart from the second side of the sound insulation plate. The first side of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate is attached to the second side of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate. The perforation diameter of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate is smaller than that of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate. A sealing element is used to seal the outer periphery of the sound insulation layer and the sound absorption layer to connect the sound insulation layer and the sound absorption layer to form a shell with a cavity.
[0005] Optionally, the first perforated sound-absorbing plate is a micro-perforated plate with a perforation rate of 0.5%-3% and a pore diameter of 0.3mm, arranged in a square pattern; the second perforated sound-absorbing plate has a perforation rate of 3%-8.5% and a pore diameter of 1mm, and the perforation rate of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate is greater than that of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate; the thickness of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate is ≤1mm; and the thickness of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate is ≥0.8mm.
[0006] Optionally, the first perforated sound-absorbing plate and the second perforated sound-absorbing plate are made of metal.
[0007] Optionally, the thickness of the back panel is 1.0mm-1.5mm, the thickness of the sound insulation board is 6mm-12mm, the back panel is a metal plate, and the sound insulation board and the back panel are made of different materials.
[0008] Optionally, the cross-section of the second perforated sound-absorbing panel and the back panel along the vertical direction is corrugated.
[0009] Optionally, the enclosure includes a first enclosure located on both sides of the sound insulation layer and the sound absorption layer along the vertical direction, and a second enclosure located on both sides of the sound insulation layer and the sound absorption layer along the horizontal direction.
[0010] Optionally, the first closure is made of rubber material with a thickness of 2-3 mm, and the second closure is made of metal material.
[0011] Optionally, it also includes a damping layer, which is attached to the second side of the second perforated sound-absorbing panel.
[0012] Optionally, the damping layer consists of multiple rubber strips arranged side by side in a horizontal direction, the multiple rubber strips being attached to the second side of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate, and having a thickness of 2-3 mm.
[0013] A second aspect of this disclosure also provides a sound barrier, including a plurality of mounting frames and the sound barrier units described in the above embodiments, wherein the plurality of sound barrier units are arranged side by side in a vertical direction between two of the mounting frames.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this disclosure are as follows: The sound insulation layer of the sound barrier unit of this disclosure includes a back panel and a sound insulation board made of different materials, which can reduce the influence of the resonance frequency of a single material on the sound insulation performance and improve the overall sound insulation. The sound absorption layer includes a first perforated sound absorption board and a second perforated sound absorption board with different types, which can avoid the problem that a single type of sound absorption board can only absorb sound in a narrow sound wave frequency band, thus having a better sound absorption effect. Therefore, the sound barrier unit of this disclosure has better performance in both sound insulation and sound absorption.
[0015] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sound barrier unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a single sound barrier unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a single sound barrier unit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a front view of the sound barrier provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged top view of a sound barrier provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.
[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1-Sound insulation layer; 11-Back panel; 12-Sound insulation board; 2-Sound-absorbing layer; 21-First perforated sound-absorbing panel; 22-Second perforated sound-absorbing panel; 23-Cavity; 3-Sealing element; 31-First sealing element; 32-Second sealing element; 4-Damping layer; 41-Rubber strip; 5-Mounting bracket. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.
[0019] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "higher," "lower," "top," and "bottom" generally refer to the orientation of the corresponding component or structure in the direction of gravity. "Inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of the corresponding component. Furthermore, it should be noted that terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish one element from another and do not indicate sequence or importance. Additionally, in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same element. The above definitions are for explanation and illustration only and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure.
[0020] For ease of understanding, please refer to the appendix below. Figures 1 to 5 The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments, including the specific structure and working principle of the sound barrier unit and the sound barrier.
[0021] This disclosure relates to a single sound barrier unit that possesses good sound absorption and insulation effects, and is not easily affected by the external environment, thus avoiding problems such as moisture absorption. See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The sound barrier unit disclosed herein includes a sound insulation layer 1, a sound absorption layer 2, and a sealing member 3. The sound insulation layer 1 includes a back plate 11 and a sound insulation board 12. The back plate 11 is attached to the first side of the sound insulation board 12. The sound absorption layer 2 includes a first perforated sound absorption board 21 and a second perforated sound absorption board 22. The first side of the first perforated sound absorption board 21 is spaced apart from the second side of the sound insulation board 12. The first side of the second perforated sound absorption board 22 is attached to the second side of the first perforated sound absorption board 21. The perforation diameter of the first perforated sound absorption board 21 is smaller than that of the second perforated sound absorption board 22. The sealing member 3 can seal the outer periphery of the sound insulation layer 1 and the sound absorption layer 2 to form a shell with a cavity 23. The cavity 23 is formed by the space between the first perforated sound absorption board 21 and the sound insulation board 12.
[0022] In use, the sound waves that need to be isolated first pass through the sound-absorbing layer 2 of the sound barrier unit. The first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 and the second perforated sound-absorbing plate 22 in the sound-absorbing layer 2 have different pore sizes, thus enabling sound absorption and widening of different frequency bands of the sound waves, resulting in a better sound absorption effect. The sound waves entering the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 then enter the cavity 23 behind it through small holes on the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21. When the frequency of the sound wave is close to the resonant frequency of the cavity 23, the air inside the small hole will repeatedly rub against the hole wall, generating heat loss through the thermo-viscosity effect, thereby dissipating heat energy and further absorbing sound. After the sound waves pass through the cavity 23, they have been absorbed by the sound-absorbing layer 2 and the cavity 23. When they pass through the sound insulation layer 1, which is composed of the back plate 11 and the sound insulation plate 12, they will be more easily isolated. Moreover, the back plate 11 and the sound insulation plate 12 in the sound insulation layer 1 are made of different materials, thus making the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation layer 1 of the sound barrier unit of this disclosure better.
[0023] The sound insulation layer 1 of the sound barrier unit disclosed herein includes a back panel 11 and a sound insulation board 12 made of different materials, which can reduce the influence of the resonance frequency of a single material on the sound insulation performance and improve the overall sound insulation. The sound absorption layer 2 includes a first perforated sound absorption board 21 and a second perforated sound absorption board 22 with different types, which can avoid the problem that a single type of sound absorption board can only absorb sound in a narrow sound wave frequency band, thereby having a better sound absorption effect. Thus, the sound barrier unit of this disclosure has good performance in both sound insulation and sound absorption.
[0024] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 is a micro-perforated plate with a perforation rate of 0.5%-3% and a pore diameter of 0.3mm, arranged in a square pattern. The second perforated sound-absorbing plate 22 has a perforation rate of 3%-8.5% and a pore diameter of 1mm. The perforation rate of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate 22 is greater than that of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21. The thickness of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 is ≤1mm, and the thickness of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate 22 is ≥0.8mm.
[0025] Through the above-described configuration, the sound barrier unit of this disclosure can achieve better sound absorption, avoiding the problems of poor sound absorption due to the large thickness of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 and the second perforated sound-absorbing plate 22, or the small thickness resulting in low strength, poor sound absorption due to pore size and perforation rate, and the inability of sound waves to fully reach the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 because the perforation rate of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate 22 is smaller than that of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21. Of course, in other embodiments, the thickness, pore size, and perforation rate of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 and the second perforated sound-absorbing plate 22 can be different, depending on the actual situation, and this disclosure does not impose any limitations on this.
[0026] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 and the second perforated sound-absorbing plate 22 are made of metal materials, such as galvanized steel, aluminum, stainless steel, etc. Making the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 and the second perforated sound-absorbing plate 22 of metal materials, compared to the use of sound-absorbing cotton in related technologies, avoids the problems of dust shedding and moisture absorption failure caused by moisture in the external environment during use, and also facilitates recycling.
[0027] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the thickness of the back plate 11 is 1.0mm-1.5mm, and the thickness of the sound insulation board 12 is 6mm-12mm. The back plate 11 is a metal plate, and the sound insulation board 12 is made of different materials than the back plate 11, such as a cement sound insulation board. Through the above arrangement, the sound barrier unit of this disclosure can have a better sound insulation effect, avoiding the impact of a large thickness on the sound insulation effect due to the back plate 11 and the sound insulation board 12, or a small thickness resulting in low strength, and avoiding the impact of the back plate 11 and the sound insulation board 12 having the same material and a single resonant frequency on the sound insulation effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the thickness and material of the back plate 11 and the sound insulation board 12 can also be other, depending on the actual situation, and this disclosure does not limit this.
[0028] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second perforated sound-absorbing panel 22 and the back plate 11 have a corrugated cross-section along the vertical direction. By setting the second perforated sound-absorbing panel 22 and the back plate 11 to a corrugated shape, the strength of both can be increased, which can reduce the risk of damage due to external factors during use, thereby improving the service life and stability of the sound barrier unit of this disclosure during use.
[0029] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 2 and Figure 3The sealing element 3 includes a first sealing element 31 located on both sides of the sound insulation layer 1 and the sound absorption layer 2 along the vertical direction, and a second sealing element 32 located on both sides of the sound insulation layer 1 and the sound absorption layer 2 along the horizontal direction. The sealing element 3 is configured in two parts, allowing the first sealing element 31 and the second sealing element 32 to be adapted to the shapes of the sound insulation layer 1 and the sound absorption layer 2, providing greater flexibility and ensuring a better fit between the first sealing element 31 and the second sealing element 32 and the sound insulation layer 1 and the sound absorption layer 2. This ensures the stability of the connection and prevents gaps from causing a decrease in the sound absorption effect of the cavity 23 within the sound barrier unit. Of course, in other embodiments, the sealing element 3 can also be of other types, such as a strip that surrounds the sound insulation layer 1 and the sound absorption layer 2 for sealing. The specific type can be determined according to the actual situation, and this disclosure does not impose any limitations on this.
[0030] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first sealing element 31 is made of rubber with a thickness of 2-3 mm, while the second sealing element 32 is made of metal. The rubber material of the first sealing element 31 provides a buffering effect when the sound barrier units are stacked along the installation direction, preventing damage caused by rigid contact between two sound barrier units. The metal material of the second sealing element 32 ensures the strength of the entire sound barrier unit, preventing it from being easily damaged and affecting its performance.
[0031] In one embodiment of this disclosure, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The sound barrier unit disclosed herein also includes a damping layer 4, which is attached to the second side of the second perforated sound-absorbing panel 22. By providing the damping layer 4, the overall sound insulation effect of the sound barrier unit can be increased, the vibration of the panel can be reduced, and the stability during use can be improved. In this embodiment, the damping layer 4 is composed of multiple rubber strips 41 arranged side-by-side in a horizontal direction, which are attached to the second side of the second perforated sound-absorbing panel 22, and have a thickness of 2-3 mm. The rubber strips have good vibration damping and sound insulation effects. Of course, in other embodiments, the damping layer 4 can also be made of other materials, depending on the actual situation; this disclosure does not impose any limitations on this.
[0032] When the sound barrier unit disclosed herein is in use, sound waves are emitted from the direction of the sound-absorbing layer 2, and then enter the sound-absorbing layer 2. Since the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 and the second perforated sound-absorbing plate 22 have different pore sizes and perforation rates, they can absorb and broaden the sound absorption frequency bands of different frequency bands of the sound waves, thereby achieving a better sound absorption effect. The sound waves entering the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21 will also enter the cavity 23 behind it through the small holes on the first perforated sound-absorbing plate 21. When the frequency of the sound wave is close to the resonant frequency of the cavity 23, the air in the small hole will repeatedly rub against the hole wall, generating heat loss through the thermoviscous effect, thereby dissipating heat energy and further absorbing sound. After the sound waves have been absorbed by the sound-absorbing layer 2 and the cavity 23, when they pass through the sound insulation layer 1 composed of the back plate 11 and the sound insulation plate 12, they will be sound-insulated by the back plate 11 and the sound insulation plate 12 made of different materials to prevent the sound waves from escaping.
[0033] A second aspect of this disclosure also provides a sound barrier, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 and Figure 5 It includes multiple mounting brackets 5 and multiple sound barrier units as described in the above embodiments. During installation, the sound barrier units are arranged side by side vertically between two adjacent mounting brackets 5, see [reference]. Figure 5 The mounting bracket 5 can be an H-shaped bracket, with the gaps in the H-shaped bracket installed on both sides of the sound barrier unit. Damping strips can also be installed between the mounting bracket 5 and the sound barrier unit to improve the stability of the installation.
[0034] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.
[0035] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.
[0036] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.
Claims
1. A single unit of sound barrier, characterized in that, include: The sound insulation layer includes a back panel and a sound insulation board, wherein the back panel is attached to the first side of the sound insulation board; The sound-absorbing layer includes a first perforated sound-absorbing plate and a second perforated sound-absorbing plate. The first side of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate is spaced apart from the second side of the sound insulation plate. The first side of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate is attached to the second side of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate. The perforation diameter of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate is smaller than that of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate. A sealing element is used to seal the outer periphery of the sound insulation layer and the sound absorption layer to connect the sound insulation layer and the sound absorption layer to form a shell with a cavity.
2. The sound barrier unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first perforated sound-absorbing plate is a micro-perforated plate with a perforation rate of 0.5%-3% and a pore diameter of 0.3mm, arranged in a square pattern. The second perforated sound-absorbing plate has a perforation rate of 3%-8.5% and a pore diameter of 1mm. The perforation rate of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate is greater than that of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate. The thickness of the first perforated sound-absorbing plate is ≤1mm, and the thickness of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate is ≥0.8mm.
3. The sound barrier unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first perforated sound-absorbing plate and the second perforated sound-absorbing plate are made of metal.
4. The sound barrier unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the back panel is 1.0mm-1.5mm, the thickness of the sound insulation board is 6mm-12mm, the back panel is a metal plate, and the sound insulation board and the back panel are made of different materials.
5. The sound barrier unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the second perforated sound-absorbing panel and the back panel along the vertical direction is corrugated.
6. The sound barrier unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure includes a first enclosure located on both sides of the sound insulation layer and the sound absorption layer along the vertical direction, and a second enclosure located on both sides of the sound insulation layer and the sound absorption layer along the horizontal direction.
7. The sound barrier unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first closure is made of rubber material with a thickness of 2-3 mm, and the second closure is made of metal material.
8. The sound barrier unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a damping layer, which is attached to the second side of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate.
9. The sound barrier unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The damping layer consists of multiple rubber strips arranged side by side in a horizontal direction. The multiple rubber strips are attached to the second side of the second perforated sound-absorbing plate and have a thickness of 2-3 mm.
10. A sound barrier, characterized in that, include: Multiple mounting brackets and multiple sound barrier units as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the multiple sound barrier units are arranged side by side in a vertical direction between two of the mounting brackets.