A CNC precision engraving control system and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of CNC engraving supervision, and specifically relates to a CNC precision engraving control system and method, which specifically comprises a plate segmentation parameter analysis module, an engraving and opening track planning module, a multi-dimensional machining state sensing module, a real-time track correction and adjustment module, and a graphical simulation machining monitoring module; the application provides a high-precision block reference for machining through the plate segmentation parameter analysis module, generates standardized G code through the engraving and opening track planning module, collects full-dimensional data and performs preprocessing through the multi-dimensional machining state sensing module, dynamically compensates position deviation, adjusts feeding speed and rate through the real-time track correction and adjustment module, and realizes visual display of tracks and parameters through the graphical simulation machining monitoring module; when an abnormality occurs, sound and light alarms are triggered, and machining is paused, so that machining precision and operation stability are greatly improved, machining waste rate and operation and maintenance cost are significantly reduced, and intelligent control of precision engraving is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC engraving monitoring technology, specifically a CNC precision engraving control system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With its advantages of high precision and high automation, CNC precision engraving technology has been deeply applied in high-end fields such as mold manufacturing, handicraft processing, and precision cutting of electronic components. The processing accuracy, process stability and intelligence level directly determine the product qualification rate and production efficiency. As the market demand for complex structures and personalized products continues to upgrade, traditional CNC engraving control systems have gradually exposed problems such as insufficient adaptability, becoming the core bottleneck restricting the industry's upgrading.

[0003] For example, Chinese invention patent with publication number CN113985810A involves "a modeling and trajectory tracking control method for a carving machine system". The technical solution of this invention is to construct a stable model of the carving machine system, introduce a differential filter to process the sampled data, and design a fault-tolerant synchronous control strategy for multi-axis motion faults to improve the control accuracy of trajectory tracking and the convenience of controller design, so as to solve the problems of complex system modeling and insufficient disturbance suppression in traditional technology. However, in practical applications, the solution only focuses on trajectory tracking control and does not address clamping errors or mechanical clearance compensation in the plate segmentation process. The positioning accuracy of the segmented plates is insufficient, affecting the consistency and precision of the subsequent engraved patterns. Furthermore, the status perception focuses on motion parameters such as angular velocity and position, without simultaneously collecting key processing data such as tool wear, spindle speed fluctuations, and material inhomogeneity. This fails to provide comprehensive support for dynamic trajectory adjustment and even only compensates for the impact of faults through preset fault-tolerant control strategies, lacking a real-time trajectory correction mechanism. It is difficult to effectively cope with dynamic interferences such as mechanical vibration and material differences during processing, resulting in an inability to balance the processing accuracy, efficiency, and stability of CNC precision engraving. Therefore, a solution is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a CNC precision engraving control system and method to address the technical deficiencies mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a CNC precision engraving control system, comprising a sheet metal segmentation parameter analysis module, an engraving hole trajectory planning module, a multi-dimensional processing status perception module, a real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module, and a graphic simulation processing monitoring module; The board segmentation parameter analysis module accurately analyzes the original board size parameters and preset segmentation rules, and generates the positioning coordinates, size parameters and segmentation compensation of each board segment; the carving and opening trajectory planning module plans the continuous trajectory of carving patterns, opening positions and opening corner contours based on the board segment parameters and preset processing requirements, and generates the initial G-code instruction set. The multi-dimensional machining status perception module collects multi-dimensional status data in real time during the CNC machine tool machining process. The real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module dynamically corrects the trajectory parameters and G-code commands based on the initial G-code trajectory and multi-dimensional machining status data through position deviation compensation and dynamic adjustment mechanism of process parameters. The graphic simulation machining monitoring module performs real-time graphic simulation based on the planned trajectory and the corrected trajectory, and synchronously monitors the machining status, process parameters and abnormal conditions, and feeds back monitoring information through multiple methods.

[0006] Furthermore, the specific operation process of the board segmentation parameter analysis module is as follows: It receives the original basic parameters of the board material input by the user, including length L, width W, thickness H and material type. It also receives the system preset or user-defined segmentation rule parameters, including the number of segments in the length direction n and the number of segments in the width direction m, and n×m=the preset total number of segments. The built-in segmented coordinate calculation algorithm is invoked to establish a two-dimensional plane coordinate system with the lower left corner of the original board as the origin. Combined with the input L, W, n, and m, the theoretical positioning coordinates of each segmented board are calculated using the segmented coordinate calculation formula. The system obtains the previous processing segmentation deviation data from the multi-dimensional processing status perception module through the data interface. Based on the average deviation, it automatically calculates the length direction segmentation offset compensation amount δx and the width direction segmentation offset compensation amount δy. The theoretical positioning coordinates are combined with the compensation amount, and the corrected positioning coordinates are calculated through the segment coordinate correction formula. After obtaining the corrected positioning coordinates, the corrected positioning coordinates (xi,yi), segment size and material association parameters of each segment are packaged and output to the engraving and hole-opening trajectory planning module.

[0007] Furthermore, the specific operation process of the engraving hole trajectory planning module is as follows: The module receives the positioning coordinates (xi,yi), block size, and material-related parameters of each segment of the board from the output of the board segmentation parameter parsing module. It also receives the processing parameters input by the user, including the engraving pattern type, opening diameter d, opening corner radius r, engraving depth h, and opening depth Hhol. A local processing coordinate system is established based on the positioning coordinates of the segmented material. The preset engraved patterns, opening positions, and opening corner contours are mapped in the local coordinate system. The built-in trajectory optimization algorithm is called according to the material association parameters. At the same time, the transition curve of the trajectory inflection point is optimized, and the initial process parameters of each trajectory segment are calculated according to the segment size and processing parameters. According to the G-code syntax rules of CNC machine tools, the planned continuous trajectory and corresponding process parameters are converted into an initial G-code instruction set, clarifying the information of each trajectory segment including coordinate points, feed rate and spindle speed; the initial G-code instruction set is output to the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module, and the key parameters of trajectory planning are synchronized to the graphic simulation machining monitoring module.

[0008] Furthermore, the multi-dimensional machining status perception module integrates a variety of high-precision sensor components, including a grating ruler sensor for acquiring X / Y / Z axis position information, an incremental encoder for acquiring feed speed, a Hall sensor for acquiring spindle speed, a laser displacement sensor for acquiring tool wear, a timer for acquiring machining time, and an infrared sensor for acquiring workpiece positioning status.

[0009] Furthermore, after the CNC machine tool starts machining, the multi-dimensional machining status perception module triggers each sensor to work in real time according to the preset sampling frequency. The grating ruler sensor collects the absolute coordinates (Xact, Yact, Zact) and remaining distance of the machine tool motion axis, the encoder collects the actual feed speed Fact, the Hall sensor collects the actual spindle speed Sact, the laser displacement sensor calculates the tool wear w by detecting the distance difference between the tool tip and the standard reference surface, the timer accumulates the total machining time tacc and the single block machining time tsgl, and the infrared sensor detects whether the block material is in the preset machining position. The collected raw data is preprocessed, and outliers exceeding the reasonable range are removed using the 3σ criterion. The output data of different sensors are converted into a unified 16-bit digital signal format through a data format standardization algorithm. The preprocessed multi-dimensional status data are output to the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module and the graphic simulation machining monitoring module, respectively. Among them, position coordinates, feed rate, spindle speed and tool wear data are used for trajectory correction, and machining time and workpiece positioning status data are used for machining monitoring.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific operation process of the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module is as follows: It receives the initial G-code instruction set and corresponding initial process parameters output by the engraving hole trajectory planning module, and at the same time receives the real-time status data output by the multi-dimensional processing status perception module, including the actual position coordinates (Xact, Yact, Zact), the actual spindle speed Sact, the tool wear amount w, and the single block processing time tsgl. The deviations ΔX, ΔY, and ΔZ between the actual position and the preset position in the initial G-code trajectory are calculated. When the deviation exceeds the preset threshold, the position correction mechanism is activated. The deviation is compensated to the threshold range by adjusting the coordinate parameters in subsequent G-code commands. At the same time, the feed rate is dynamically adjusted based on the preset feed rate correction formula. Furthermore, based on the difference between the single-block processing time tsgl and the expected processing time texp, the feed rate ratio of subsequent trajectory segments is adjusted. When tsgl > 1.1 × texp, the feed rate ratio is increased by 5% to 10% while ensuring processing quality. When tsgl < 0.9 × texp, the ratio is decreased by 5% to 10% while ensuring processing quality.

[0011] Furthermore, the graphic simulation processing monitoring module receives the initial trajectory data and the corrected trajectory data. Through the built-in graphics rendering engine, it constructs a virtual processing environment on the display interface that is 1:1 with the actual processing scene. The initial trajectory is displayed in the form of a dashed line, and the corrected trajectory is displayed in the form of a solid line. The trajectory motion status is dynamically refreshed in real time. Meanwhile, relevant parameters are categorized and displayed in designated areas of the interface, including absolute coordinate display area, G-code status display area, process parameter display area, and workpiece count display area; and the graphic simulation machining monitoring module has built-in anomaly detection rules. When a machining anomaly is detected, an alarm mechanism is immediately triggered, which alerts the operator by flashing a red indicator light and sounding a buzzer, and sends a signal to suspend the CNC machine tool machining action, and highlights the anomaly type and related parameters on the interface.

[0012] Furthermore, the graphic simulation processing monitoring module is connected to the engraving control analysis module. The engraving control analysis module analyzes the engraving control performance during the detection period and determines whether to generate an engraving control alarm signal. When an engraving control alarm signal is generated, it is sent to the graphic simulation processing monitoring module.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific analysis process of the carving control analysis module is as follows: The number of processing abnormalities occurring during the detection period is obtained and marked as the processing abnormality frequency value. If the processing abnormality frequency value exceeds the preset processing abnormality frequency threshold, an engraving control alarm signal is generated. If the frequency of processing abnormalities exceeds the preset threshold, a set of preset weight values ​​is set for each type of processing abnormality. The occurrence frequency of the corresponding type of processing abnormality within the detection period is multiplied by the corresponding preset weight value to obtain the abnormality control alarm value. The abnormality control alarm values ​​of all types of processing abnormalities are summed to obtain the engraving control analysis value. If the engraving control analysis value exceeds the preset engraving control analysis threshold, an engraving control alarm signal is generated.

[0014] The present invention also proposes a CNC precision engraving control method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Analysis of board segmentation parameters; Step 2: Planning the carving hole trajectory; Step 3: Multi-dimensional processing status acquisition; Step 4: Real-time trajectory correction; Step 5: Graphical simulation processing monitoring.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, a high-precision segmentation benchmark is provided for processing through a plate segmentation parameter analysis module, a standardized G-code is generated by an engraving hole trajectory planning module, and a multi-dimensional processing status perception module collects and preprocesses data from all dimensions. It also dynamically compensates for position deviations, adjusts feed speed and magnification, and realizes the visualization of trajectory and parameters, which greatly improves processing accuracy and operational stability, significantly reduces processing scrap rate and maintenance costs, and realizes intelligent control of precision engraving.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the engraving control performance during the detection period is analyzed by the engraving control analysis module. The analysis determines whether an engraving control alarm signal is generated. When an engraving control alarm signal is generated, the graphic simulation processing monitoring module issues an early warning, which helps operators strengthen supervision and optimize control strategies, thereby further improving the stability and reliability of engraving control. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a CNC precision engraving control system, which includes a plate segmentation parameter analysis module, an engraving hole trajectory planning module, a multi-dimensional processing status perception module, a real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module, and a graphic simulation processing monitoring module. The board segmentation parameter analysis module accurately analyzes the original board size parameters and preset segmentation rules, generating the positioning coordinates, size parameters, and segmentation compensation amount for each board segment. This provides accurate segmentation reference data for subsequent engraving and hole planning, offsetting mechanical segmentation errors and effectively reducing the processing scrap rate caused by segmentation deviations. Specifically, the operation process of the board segmentation parameter analysis module is as follows: First, the system receives the basic parameters of the original board material input manually, including length L, width W, thickness H and material type (such as solid wood, MDF, metal sheet, etc.). At the same time, it receives the system's preset or user-defined segmentation rule parameters, including the number of segments in the length direction n and the number of segments in the width direction m (satisfying n×m=preset total number of segments, which is preset to 6 segments in this embodiment, i.e. n=3 and m=2). Subsequently, the built-in segmented coordinate calculation algorithm is invoked to establish a two-dimensional plane coordinate system with the lower left corner of the original board material as the origin. Combining the input L, W, n, and m, the theoretical positioning coordinates of each segmented board material are calculated using the segmented coordinate calculation formula: ; Where (xi-theo,yi-theo) are the theoretical positioning coordinates of the lower left corner of the segmented board in the i-th row and j-th column; i is the block number in the length direction, 1≤i≤n; j is the block number in the width direction, 1≤j≤m; The system obtains previous machining segmentation deviation data from the multi-dimensional machining status perception module via a data interface. Based on the average deviation, it automatically calculates the length direction segmentation offset compensation δx and the width direction segmentation offset compensation δy to compensate for segmentation deviations caused by machine tool guideway clearance, sheet metal clamping errors, etc. The theoretical positioning coordinates are combined with the compensation amounts, and the corrected positioning coordinates are calculated using a segmented coordinate correction formula to ensure segmented position accuracy. The segmented coordinate correction formula is as follows: ; After obtaining the corrected positioning coordinates, the corrected positioning coordinates (xi,yi), block dimensions (Li=L / n, Wi=W / m), and material-related parameters (such as hardness coefficient and cutting difficulty level) of each block are packaged and output to the engraving and hole-opening trajectory planning module to provide accurate block basic data for trajectory planning.

[0020] For example, the coordinate correction logic can be simplified into three steps to ultimately achieve high-precision positioning: Step 1: First calculate the "theoretical positioning coordinates": For example, the theoretical x-coordinate of the second board (i=2, j=1) is (2-1)×1800 / 3=600mm, and the theoretical y-coordinate is (1-1)×W / m=0mm; Step 2: Obtain and determine the compensation amount: Assuming that the average deviation in the x direction of the previous processing position was +0.01mm (actual deviation to the right of 0.01mm) and the average deviation in the y direction was -0.005mm (actual deviation to the bottom of 0.005mm), then the calculated values ​​are δx = -0.01mm and δy = +0.005mm. Step 3: After correction, the "actual execution coordinates" are obtained: Corrected x-coordinate = 600mm + (-0.01mm) = 599.99mm, corrected y-coordinate = 0mm + 0.005mm = 0.005mm; The machine tool performs the segmentation according to the "corrected coordinates": the actual position of the final segmented plate just offsets the errors caused by clamping, mechanics and process, ensuring that the segmentation positioning error is controlled within ±0.02mm.

[0021] The engraving and hole-opening trajectory planning module, based on the parameters of the sheet metal sections and preset processing requirements, plans the continuous trajectory of engraving patterns, hole positions, and edge / corner contours. It generates an initial G-code instruction set, optimizes the trajectory transition method and the matching degree of process parameters, and provides core trajectory basis for CNC machine tool machining actions. This achieves personalized planning and standardized G-code generation of sheet metal section machining trajectories, resulting in smooth trajectory transitions, reduced machine tool impact and tool wear, and precise matching of process parameters and material type, improving the processing quality of engraving, hole-opening, and edge / corner opening. Specifically, the specific operation process of the engraving and hole-opening trajectory planning module is as follows: First, it receives the positioning coordinates (xi,yi), segment size (Li,Wi), and material-related parameters of each segment of the board from the board segmentation parameter parsing module. At the same time, it receives the processing parameters input by the user, including the type of engraving pattern (such as straight line pattern, arc pattern, custom pattern), opening diameter d, opening corner radius r, engraving depth h, and opening depth Hhol, etc. Subsequently, a local processing coordinate system is established based on the positioning coordinates of the segmented panels. The preset engraved patterns, opening positions, and edge contours are mapped in the local coordinate system to ensure that the relative positions of the processing elements and the segmented panels meet the design requirements. For example, the opening positions are mapped to the geometric center or preset eccentric position of the segmented panels. Next, the built-in trajectory optimization algorithm is invoked based on the material association parameters. For example, a "slow in, slow out" trajectory transition method is used for hard materials, while a "fast transition, smooth cutting" method is used for soft materials. At the same time, the transition curve of the trajectory inflection point is optimized (such as using an arc transition with a radius of r=2.5mm to avoid sharp corner impact). Based on the block size and machining process parameters, the initial feed rate F, initial spindle speed S0, and other process parameters of each trajectory segment are calculated. For example, the initial feed rate F=3500mm / min and the spindle speed S0=18000RPM are corresponding to hard materials, while the initial feed rate F=5000mm / min and the spindle speed S0=15000RPM are corresponding to soft materials. Then, following the CNC machine tool's G-code syntax rules, the planned continuous trajectory and corresponding process parameters are converted into an initial G-code instruction set, including instructions such as G00 (rapid positioning), G01 (linear interpolation), G03 (circular interpolation), and G43 (tool length compensation), specifying the coordinate points, feed rate, spindle speed, and other information for each trajectory segment. Finally, the initial G-code instruction set is output to the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module, while the key parameters of the trajectory planning (such as the total trajectory length and the estimated machining time texp) are synchronized to the graphic simulation machining monitoring module.

[0022] The multi-dimensional machining status perception module collects multi-dimensional status data such as position, speed, rotation speed, wear, time, and workpiece positioning in real time during CNC machine tool machining. Through preprocessing, it ensures the authenticity and validity of the data, providing comprehensive data support for trajectory correction and machining monitoring. It realizes real-time and accurate collection and preprocessing of multi-dimensional status data in the machining process, avoiding the decrease in machining accuracy or safety hazards caused by missing or distorted data. It also comprehensively covers the core status parameters of the machining process, providing all-round data support for subsequent trajectory correction and monitoring. Specifically, the multi-dimensional machining status sensing module integrates a variety of high-precision sensor components, including a grating ruler sensor (measurement accuracy ±0.001mm) for acquiring X / Y / Z axis position information, an incremental encoder (sampling frequency 1kHz) for acquiring feed speed, a Hall sensor (measurement range 0~20000RPM) for acquiring spindle speed, a laser displacement sensor (measurement accuracy ±0.1μm) for acquiring tool wear, a timer (timing accuracy 0.01s) for acquiring machining time, and an infrared sensor (sensing distance 0~50mm, positioning accuracy ±0.1mm) for acquiring workpiece positioning status.

[0023] In detail, after the CNC machine tool starts machining, the multi-dimensional machining status perception module triggers each sensor to work in real time according to the preset sampling frequency (default 100Hz, which can be adjusted through the graphic simulation machining monitoring module). The grating ruler sensor collects the absolute coordinates (Xact, Yact, Zact) and remaining distance of the machine tool's motion axis, the encoder collects the actual feed speed Fact, the Hall sensor collects the actual spindle speed Sact, the laser displacement sensor calculates the tool wear w (i.e., the difference between the initial length and the real-time length of the tool) by detecting the distance difference between the tool tip and the standard reference surface, the timer accumulates the total machining time tacc and the single block machining time tsgl, and the infrared sensor detects whether the block material is in the preset machining position. Subsequently, the collected raw data is preprocessed, and outliers exceeding the reasonable range (such as jump data caused by sensor interference) are removed using the 3σ criterion. The output data of different sensors (such as analog signals and digital signals) are converted into a unified 16-bit digital signal format through a data format standardization algorithm to ensure data consistency. Finally, the preprocessed multi-dimensional status data is output to the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module and the graphic simulation machining monitoring module, respectively. Among them, the position coordinates, feed rate, spindle speed and tool wear data are used for trajectory correction, and the machining time and workpiece positioning status data are used for machining monitoring.

[0024] The real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module, based on the initial G-code trajectory and multi-dimensional machining status data, dynamically corrects trajectory parameters and G-code commands through position deviation compensation and dynamic adjustment mechanisms for process parameters. This effectively offsets machining errors caused by factors such as tool wear, mechanical vibration, and speed fluctuations, ensuring the real-time accuracy of the machining trajectory. The overall accuracy of engraving and hole making is significantly improved, and the intelligent optimization of feed rate significantly increases machining efficiency while maintaining machining quality, noticeably reducing machine tool energy consumption and tool wear. Specifically, the operation process of the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module is as follows: First, it receives the initial G-code instruction set and corresponding initial process parameters (initial feed rate F, initial spindle speed S0, etc.) output by the engraving hole trajectory planning module. At the same time, it receives real-time status data output by the multi-dimensional machining status perception module, including actual position coordinates (Xact, Yact, Zact), actual spindle speed Sact, tool wear w, and single block machining time tsgl, etc. Subsequently, the deviations ΔX, ΔY, and ΔZ between the actual position and the preset positions (Xref, Yref, Zref) in the initial G-code trajectory are calculated, i.e., ΔX = Xact - Xref, ΔY = Yact - Yref, ΔZ = Zact - Zref. When the deviation exceeds a preset threshold (preferably ±0.01mm), a position correction mechanism is activated: by adjusting the coordinate parameters in subsequent G-code commands, the deviation is compensated to the threshold range. For example, when ΔX = 0.015mm, 0.015mm is subtracted from the X coordinate parameter of the subsequent G-code, thereby achieving real-time cancellation of the position deviation. Simultaneously, the feed rate is dynamically adjusted based on a preset feed rate correction formula to ensure stable cutting force. The feed rate correction formula is as follows: ; Where Fx is the corrected feed rate; F is the initial feed rate (the initial process parameter output by the engraving hole trajectory planning module, based on the material type and processing technology preset). k is the wear influence coefficient (an empirical coefficient pre-stored in the system parameter library based on the material type; k=0.01 for hard materials, k=0.005 for soft materials, and k=0.008 for neutral materials; the cutting force is ensured to be stable through experimental determination). w represents the tool wear amount, which is real-time data collected by the multi-dimensional machining status sensing module through the laser displacement sensor; Sact is the actual spindle speed, which is real-time data collected by the multi-dimensional machining status sensing module through the Hall sensor; According to this formula, when the tool wear w increases, the feed rate Fx decreases accordingly to avoid insufficient cutting depth or increased surface roughness due to tool wear; when the actual spindle speed Sact increases, the feed rate Fx is appropriately increased to compensate for the wear effect with high speed and ensure machining efficiency. In addition, based on the difference between the single-block processing time tsgl and the estimated single-block processing time texp, the feed rate ratio of subsequent trajectory segments is adjusted. When tsgl > 1.1 × texp, the feed rate ratio is increased by 5% to 10% while ensuring processing quality. When tsgl < 0.9 × texp, the ratio is decreased by 5% to 10% while ensuring processing quality, thus ensuring stable overall processing efficiency. Finally, the corrected G-code instruction set and other information are output to the actuator of the CNC machine tool, while the corrected parameters (such as deviation compensation value, corrected feed speed Fx, etc.) are fed back to the graphic simulation machining monitoring module for trajectory simulation updates and status display.

[0025] The graphic simulation machining monitoring module performs real-time graphic simulation based on the planned trajectory and the corrected trajectory, and synchronously monitors the machining status, process parameters and abnormal conditions. It also provides feedback on monitoring information through multiple methods such as multi-area display and audible and visual alarms, so as to realize the visualization and transparent control of the machining process, timely warn of problems such as excessive position deviation and abnormal speed, and suspend machining to ensure machining safety. It should be noted that the graphic simulation machining monitoring module first receives the initial trajectory data output by the engraving and hole-opening trajectory planning module and the corrected trajectory data output by the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module. Through the built-in graphics rendering engine, it constructs a virtual machining environment on the display interface that is 1:1 with the actual machining scene. The initial trajectory is displayed in the form of a dashed line, and the corrected trajectory is displayed in the form of a solid line. The trajectory motion status is dynamically refreshed in real time (synchronized with the actual movement of the machine tool, with a delay of ≤10ms), which makes it convenient for operators to intuitively view the trajectory changes. Simultaneously, it receives status parameters such as total processing time t_acc, total number of workpieces, number of processed workpieces, spindle speed, and feed rate from the multi-dimensional processing status perception module, as well as deviation values ​​and correction parameters from the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module. The relevant parameters are then categorized and displayed in designated areas of the interface, including an absolute coordinate display area (displaying real-time coordinates of the X / Y / Z axes), a G-code status display area (displaying the currently executed G-code command and G-code mode), a process parameter display area (displaying feed rate Fx, spindle speed Sact, depth of cut, etc.), and a workpiece count display area (displaying the total number of workpieces, number of processed workpieces, and number of workpieces remaining). Furthermore, the graphical simulation machining monitoring module has built-in anomaly detection rules. When anomalies are detected, such as position deviation exceeding the alarm threshold (±0.05mm), abnormal spindle speed (deviation from the set value ±10%), excessive tool wear (w>wmax, where wmax is the preset maximum wear amount, set according to the tool type, such as wmax=50μm for carbide tools), or machining time exceeding the time limit (tacc>ttot-exp×1.2, where ttot-exp is the total estimated machining time), an alarm mechanism is immediately triggered. The system alerts operators by flashing red indicator lights and sounding a buzzer (frequency 2kHz), and sends a signal to pause the CNC machine tool's machining operation. The system also highlights the abnormality type and related parameters on the interface (e.g., "Abnormal spindle speed: actual 16000 RPM, set to 18000 RPM"). Finally, the system stores the machining data during the monitoring process in the system's local database for easy retrieval and traceability.

[0026] Example 2: Figure 1As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the graphic simulation processing monitoring module is communicatively connected to the engraving control analysis module. The engraving control analysis module analyzes the engraving control performance during the detection period and determines whether an engraving control alarm signal should be generated. When an engraving control alarm signal is generated, it is sent to the graphic simulation processing monitoring module, helping operators to strengthen supervision and optimize control strategies, further improving the stability and reliability of engraving control. The specific analysis process of the engraving control analysis module is as follows: The number of processing abnormalities occurring during the detection period is obtained and marked as the processing abnormality frequency value. The processing abnormality frequency value is compared with the preset processing abnormality frequency threshold. If the processing abnormality frequency value exceeds the preset processing abnormality frequency threshold, it indicates that the engraving control performance during the detection period is poor and needs to be strengthened and reasonable improvement measures need to be taken. Then, an engraving control alarm signal is generated. If the frequency of processing anomalies exceeds the preset threshold for processing anomalies, a set of preset weight values ​​with values ​​greater than zero is set for each type of processing anomaly. Furthermore, the higher the operational risks brought about by the corresponding type of processing anomaly, the larger the value of the preset weight value that matches it. Furthermore, the number of occurrences of the corresponding type of processing abnormality during the detection period is multiplied by the corresponding preset weight value to obtain the abnormality control alarm value. The abnormality control alarm values ​​of all types of processing abnormalities are summed to obtain the engraving control analysis value. The engraving control analysis value is compared with the preset engraving control analysis threshold. If the engraving control analysis value exceeds the preset engraving control analysis threshold, it indicates that the overall engraving control performance during the detection period is poor, and supervision needs to be strengthened and reasonable improvement measures need to be taken. In this case, an engraving control alarm signal is generated.

[0027] Example 3: Figure 2 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiments 1 and 2 is that the CNC precision engraving control method proposed in this invention includes the following steps: Step 1: Analysis of Board Segmentation Parameters: Input the basic parameters of the original board material, set the number of segments in the length direction n and the number of segments in the width direction m, calculate the theoretical positioning coordinates of each segment of the board material using the segment coordinate calculation formula, and calculate the segment offset compensation amount by combining the previous processing segment deviation data to correct the positioning coordinates. Step 2: Planning the carving hole trajectory: Receive the parameters of the segmented sheet material and the processing parameters, establish a local processing coordinate system and perform coordinate mapping of processing elements, optimize the trajectory transition method and calculate the initial process parameters of each trajectory segment, and generate the initial G-code instruction set; Step 3: Multi-dimensional processing status acquisition: Activate each sensor component and collect multi-dimensional data in real time, including absolute coordinates of X / Y / Z axes, actual feed rate, actual spindle speed, tool wear, machining time, and workpiece positioning status, according to the preset sampling frequency. The data is then output after preprocessing. Step 4: Real-time trajectory correction: Receives the initial G-code instruction set and multi-dimensional status data, calculates the position deviation values ​​ΔX, ΔY and ΔZ, and performs position compensation when the deviation value exceeds the preset threshold; dynamically adjusts the feed rate through the feed rate correction formula, and adjusts the feed rate in combination with the processing time difference. Step 5: Graphical simulation and processing monitoring: A virtual machining environment is constructed to simulate the initial trajectory and the corrected trajectory in real time, and the machining status parameters and correction parameters are displayed in categories; in addition, abnormal situations are detected, and audible and visual alarms are triggered in a timely manner to suspend machining.

[0028] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During use, the deviation compensation mechanism of the plate segmentation parameter analysis module offsets clamping and mechanical errors, providing a high-precision segmentation benchmark for processing. The engraving hole trajectory planning module optimizes the trajectory transition curve and process parameter matching degree, generates standardized G-codes, reduces machine tool impact and tool wear, and adapts to the processing needs of different materials. The multi-dimensional processing status perception module collects data from all dimensions, and ensures data reliability after preprocessing. The real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module dynamically compensates for position deviations and adjusts feed speed and magnification, effectively offsetting interferences such as tool wear and mechanical vibration, improving processing efficiency while ensuring accuracy. The graphic simulation processing monitoring module realizes the visualization of trajectory and parameters. In case of abnormality, it triggers an audible and visual alarm and suspends processing to ensure operational safety. The overall solution significantly improves processing accuracy and operational stability, significantly reduces processing scrap rate and maintenance costs, and realizes intelligent management and control of precision engraving.

[0029] In this invention, the threshold, preset value, or preset range settings are for result comparison and analysis to determine whether the result is good or bad. The magnitude of these values ​​is determined by a combination of large-scale model analysis of sample data and human experience, and can also be appropriately adjusted based on seasonal or common-sense influence conditions. Similarly, the preset weight coefficients and influence factors are assigned specific values ​​based on the magnitude of each parameter's influence on the result, ultimately reflecting the impact on the result. These settings are also determined by a combination of large-scale model analysis of sample data and human experience, and can also be appropriately adjusted based on seasonal or common-sense influence conditions.

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A CNC precision engraving control system, characterized in that, It includes a panel segmentation parameter analysis module, an engraving and hole planning module, a multi-dimensional processing status perception module, a real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module, and a graphic simulation processing monitoring module; The board segmentation parameter analysis module accurately analyzes the original board size parameters and preset segmentation rules, and generates the positioning coordinates, size parameters and segmentation compensation amount of each board segment; The engraving and hole-opening trajectory planning module plans the continuous trajectory of engraving patterns, hole positions, and corner outlines based on the parameters of the segmented material and the preset processing requirements, and generates an initial G-code instruction set. The multi-dimensional machining status perception module collects multi-dimensional status data in real time during the CNC machine tool machining process. The real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module dynamically corrects the trajectory parameters and G-code commands based on the initial G-code trajectory and multi-dimensional machining status data through position deviation compensation and dynamic adjustment mechanism of process parameters. The graphic simulation machining monitoring module performs real-time graphic simulation based on the planned trajectory and the corrected trajectory, and synchronously monitors the machining status, process parameters and abnormal conditions, and feeds back monitoring information through multiple methods.

2. The CNC precision engraving control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific operation process of the board segmentation parameter analysis module is as follows: The system receives the original basic parameters of the board material input manually, as well as the system's preset or user-defined segmentation rule parameters. It calls the built-in segmentation coordinate calculation algorithm to establish a two-dimensional plane coordinate system with the lower left corner of the original board material as the origin. It calculates the theoretical positioning coordinates of each segment of the board material using the segmentation coordinate calculation formula. It then combines the theoretical positioning coordinates with the compensation amount and calculates the corrected positioning coordinates using the segmentation coordinate correction formula. After obtaining the corrected positioning coordinates, it packages and outputs the corrected positioning coordinates, segment size, and material-related parameters of each segment of the board material to the engraving and hole-opening trajectory planning module.

3. The CNC precision engraving control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific operation process of the engraving hole trajectory planning module is as follows: A local processing coordinate system is established based on the positioning coordinates of the segmented material. The preset engraved patterns, opening positions, and opening corner contours are mapped in the local coordinate system. The built-in trajectory optimization algorithm is called according to the material association parameters. At the same time, the transition curve of the trajectory inflection point is optimized, and the initial process parameters of each trajectory segment are calculated according to the segment size and processing parameters. According to the G-code syntax rules of CNC machine tools, the planned continuous trajectory and corresponding process parameters are converted into an initial G-code instruction set, clarifying the information of each trajectory segment including coordinate points, feed rate and spindle speed; the initial G-code instruction set is output to the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module, and the key parameters of trajectory planning are synchronized to the graphic simulation machining monitoring module.

4. The CNC precision engraving control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional processing status sensing module integrates a variety of high-precision sensor components, including grating ruler sensors, incremental encoders, Hall sensors, laser displacement sensors, timers, and infrared sensors.

5. A CNC precision engraving control system according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the CNC machine tool starts machining, the multi-dimensional machining status perception module triggers each sensor to work in real time according to the preset sampling frequency, preprocesses the collected raw data, and outputs the preprocessed multi-dimensional status data to the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module and the graphic simulation machining monitoring module respectively.

6. A CNC precision engraving control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific operation process of the real-time trajectory correction and adjustment module is as follows: calculate the deviation value between the actual position and the preset position in the initial G-code trajectory; when the deviation value exceeds the preset threshold, activate the position correction mechanism to compensate the deviation value to the threshold range; dynamically adjust the feed speed based on the preset feed speed correction formula; and adjust the feed speed ratio of subsequent trajectory segments according to the difference between the single block processing time and the expected processing time.

7. A CNC precision engraving control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphic simulation machining monitoring module constructs a virtual machining environment on the display interface that is 1:1 with the actual machining scene. The initial trajectory is displayed in the form of a dashed line, and the corrected trajectory is displayed in the form of a solid line. Meanwhile, relevant parameters are categorized and displayed in designated areas of the interface, and the graphical simulation processing monitoring module has built-in anomaly detection rules that immediately trigger an alarm mechanism when a processing anomaly is detected.

8. A CNC precision engraving control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The graphic simulation processing monitoring module communicates with the engraving control analysis module. The engraving control analysis module analyzes the engraving control performance during the detection period and determines whether to generate an engraving control alarm signal. When an engraving control alarm signal is generated, it is sent to the graphic simulation processing monitoring module.

9. A CNC precision engraving control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific analysis process of the engraving control analysis module is as follows: if the frequency value of processing abnormality exceeds the preset frequency threshold of processing abnormality, an engraving control alarm signal is generated; if the frequency value of processing abnormality exceeds the preset frequency threshold of processing abnormality, the abnormal control alarm values ​​of all types of processing abnormalities are summed to obtain the engraving control analysis value; if the engraving control analysis value exceeds the preset engraving control analysis threshold, an engraving control alarm signal is generated.

10. A CNC precision engraving control method, employing a CNC precision engraving control system as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Analysis of board segmentation parameters; Step 2: Planning the carving hole trajectory; Step 3: Multi-dimensional processing status acquisition; Step 4: Real-time trajectory correction; Step 5: Graphical simulation processing monitoring.

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