Elevator anti-falling protection device and elevator
By using a liquid flow resistance braking method, the problems of wear and emergency stop of traditional elevator anti-fall devices are solved, achieving safe and reliable automatic braking and reset, avoiding mechanical wear and personnel injury.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA CONSTR THIRD BUREAU GRP (JIANGSU) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Traditional elevator anti-fall devices are prone to wear and tear, which can reduce their braking effectiveness. They can also damage the elevator and cause personal injury during emergency stops. Resetting requires professional operation.
The system employs a liquid flow resistance braking method. A toggle plate pushes the liquid to flow within the annular chamber, and a baffle increases the flow resistance to brake the gears, preventing mechanical wear. The liquid flow also helps to reduce speed and achieve automatic reset.
With no mechanical wear, the elevator does not stop suddenly, avoiding damage, and no professional operation is required for reset, thus improving safety and reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN122276567A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator fall protection technology, and in particular to an elevator fall protection device and an elevator. Background Technology
[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.
[0003] Construction elevators, often referred to as hoists, are crucial mechanical equipment used in building construction for the vertical transportation of personnel and materials. They are widely used in the construction of high-rise buildings, bridges, and other large-scale projects. During operation, the fall arrestor is critical to ensuring the safety of personnel and materials. Traditional fall arrestors often employ mechanical clamp-type structures (such as anti-fall devices or differential speed devices, also called gear flange-type fall arrestors). With prolonged use, wear and tear can reduce their braking effectiveness. In the event of emergencies such as overspeeding or rope breakage, they may struggle to brake quickly, increasing the risk of accidents. Furthermore, traditional fall arrestors require manual resetting by qualified personnel after braking before they can be used again.
[0004] If the snap-fit braking method disclosed in patent application number CN202510382207.8 is used, the elevator will stop suddenly, which is very likely to damage the elevator body and cause injury to people and objects inside the elevator. Therefore, this application proposes an elevator anti-fall protection device and an elevator to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings by providing a fall protection device for an elevator and an elevator in general.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A fall protection device for an elevator, comprising: The housing has an annular groove in its middle: A rotating shaft is rotatably disposed inside the housing, with one end extending out of the housing and equipped with a gear. The brake cylinder is rotatably sleeved between the rotating shaft and the housing. The annular groove and the brake cylinder form a sealed annular cavity, which is filled with liquid. Multiple baffles are distributed on one side of the brake cylinder corresponding to the rotating shaft. The centrifugal assembly, mounted on the rotating shaft, is used to contact the baffle rib and drive the brake cylinder to rotate when the rotational speed of the rotating shaft exceeds a predetermined speed threshold. The actuating plate, fixed to the brake cylinder and located in the annular cavity, is used to push the liquid flow under the action of the brake cylinder; The baffle is fixed inside the housing and located in the annular cavity. A first gap is left between the baffle and the annular cavity to allow liquid to flow, providing resistance to the flow of liquid. After the actuating plate rotates to a preset angle, it contacts the baffle to prevent the actuating plate and the brake cylinder from rotating. An elastic reset component is located between the housing and the brake cylinder, which drives the brake cylinder to rotate and reset.
[0007] Furthermore, the baffle also serves as a limiting block, cooperating with the elastic reset member to limit the initial position of the actuating plate when the elastic reset member drives the brake cylinder to rotate and reset.
[0008] Furthermore, the actuating plate has a second gap between itself and the bottom of the annular groove and the two side walls, and the area of the second gap is negatively correlated with the area of the first gap.
[0009] Furthermore, the annular groove is provided with multiple ribs spaced at an annular interval. The distance between two adjacent ribs is greater than the thickness of the actuating plate. The ribs are C-shaped and fixed to the bottom and side walls of the annular groove, and can pass through the second gap. This is used to periodically reduce the flow area of the second gap while strengthening the shell.
[0010] Furthermore, the actuating plate has an arc-shaped groove on the side used to drive the liquid flow.
[0011] Furthermore, the actuating plate has an arc-shaped groove on one side for promoting liquid flow, and a water-permeable hole is provided at the center of the arc-shaped groove. An arc-shaped protrusion adapted to the arc-shaped groove is provided on one side of the baffle, and the arc-shaped protrusion is sealed and adapted to the arc-shaped groove.
[0012] Furthermore, in the initial posture, a transition groove is provided at the corresponding baffle on the outer side of the brake cylinder, and the two ends of the transition groove extend to both sides of the baffle to increase the flow area of the first gap in the initial posture.
[0013] Furthermore, overflow holes are provided on both sides of the corresponding baffle of the housing, and an overflow valve is installed on the housing. The inlet and outlet of the overflow valve are connected to the two overflow holes, which are used to open the overflow valve when the pressure on one side of the baffle reaches a preset threshold, so that the liquid on one side of the baffle can reach the other side of the baffle through the overflow hole.
[0014] Furthermore, a rotating groove is provided at the end of the housing away from the gear, a hollow rotating cylinder is fixed at one end of the brake cylinder, one end of the rotating cylinder extends into the rotating groove, the elastic reset member is located between the rotating cylinder and the rotating groove, and one end of the rotating shaft passes through the middle of the rotating cylinder and is rotatably connected to the housing.
[0015] An elevator is equipped with the aforementioned elevator fall protection device.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: This invention abandons the traditional method of braking by friction plates. Instead, it uses a toggle plate to push the liquid in the annular chamber to flow, and sets up a baffle to increase the flow resistance of the liquid, thereby providing rotational resistance to the gear. During this process, there is no mechanical wear, and long-term use will not lead to a decrease in braking effect. Moreover, this application uses the flow of liquid to slow down the gear, so the elevator will not stop suddenly, avoiding damage to the elevator and the people and objects inside due to sudden stops. After braking, no professional personnel are required to manually reset it. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the elevator fall protection device described in this application; Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the main view of the elevator fall protection device described in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell described in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brake cylinder described in this application; Figure 5 This is a half-sectional view of the side view of the elevator fall protection device described in this application; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of point A in the middle.
[0018] In the picture: 1. Housing; 11. Annular groove; 12. Baffle; 121. Arc-shaped protrusion; 13. Rib; 14. Overflow hole; 15. Overflow valve; 16. Rotating groove; 2. Rotating shaft; 21. Centrifugal assembly; 3. Gears; 4. Brake cylinder; 41. Baffle rib; 42. Actuating plate; 421. Arc-shaped groove; 422. Water permeable hole; 43. Transition groove; 44. Rotary cylinder; 5. Elastic reset component. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] Please see Figures 1-6This invention discloses a fall protection device for elevators, comprising: The housing 1 has an annular groove 11 in its middle part: The rotating shaft 2 is coaxial with the annular groove 11 and is rotatably disposed inside the housing 1. One end of the shaft extends out of the housing 1 and is equipped with a gear 3. Brake cylinder 4 is rotatably sleeved between rotating shaft 2 and housing 1. The two sides of the corresponding annular groove 11 of brake cylinder 4 are sealed with housing 1. The annular groove 11 and the side wall of brake cylinder 4 form a sealed annular cavity, which is filled with liquid. Multiple baffles 41 are distributed on one side of the corresponding rotating shaft 2 of brake cylinder 4. The centrifugal assembly 21 is mounted on the rotating shaft 2. When the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 2 exceeds a predetermined speed threshold, it opens away from the rotating shaft 2 under the action of centrifugal force and contacts the baffle 41, and drives the brake cylinder 4 to rotate through the baffle 41. A toggle plate 42 is fixed to the outside of the brake cylinder 4 and located in the annular cavity. The projection of the outer contour of the toggle plate 42 is the same as the cross-sectional contour of the annular cavity. It is used to aggle the liquid in the annular cavity under the drive of the brake cylinder 4 and to push the liquid flow. The baffle 12 is fixed inside the housing 1 and located in the annular cavity. A first gap is left between it and the side wall of the annular cavity to allow liquid to flow, providing resistance to the flow of liquid. After the actuating plate 42 rotates to a preset angle, it contacts the baffle 12 to prevent the actuating plate 42 and the brake cylinder 4 from rotating. The elastic reset member 5 is disposed between the housing 1 and the brake cylinder 4, and is used to drive the brake cylinder 4 to rotate and reset when the centrifugal assembly 21 releases contact with the baffle 41.
[0021] In practice, the gear 3 is fixed to the rotating shaft 2 by a key connection; alternatively, the gear 3 can be integrally formed with the rotating shaft 2. During operation, the housing 1 is fixed to the elevator and moves up and down with it. The gear 3 meshes with the rack fixedly installed on the elevator guide rail. As the elevator moves up and down, the gear 3 meshes with the rack on the guide rail and rotates accordingly, thereby driving the rotating shaft 2 and the centrifugal assembly 21 on it to rotate. When the elevator overspeeds, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 2 increases, which in turn increases the rotational speed of the centrifugal component 21. This causes the centrifugal component 21 to open away from the rotating shaft 2 and contact the baffle 41. The baffle 41 then drives the brake cylinder 4 to rotate. The rotating brake cylinder 4 drives the actuating plate 42 to push the liquid in the annular chamber to flow. Due to the baffle 12, the liquid flow resistance is high, thus providing a buffer resistance for the rotation of the gear 3. This continues until the actuating plate 42 rotates to a preset angle and contacts the baffle 12. The direct contact between the baffle 12 and the actuating plate 42 completely prevents the rotation of the actuating plate 42 and the brake cylinder 4, thus stopping the rotation of the gear 3 and braking the elevator. For resetting, simply reverse the rotation of the rotating shaft 2. The centrifugal component 21 automatically disengages from the baffle 41, and the brake cylinder 4 resets itself under the action of the elastic reset member 5, requiring no manual operation.
[0022] This application abandons the traditional method of braking by friction pads. Instead, it uses a lever plate 42 to push the liquid flow in the annular chamber and sets a baffle 12 to increase the flow resistance of the liquid, thereby providing resistance to the rotation of the gear 3. During this period, there is no mechanical wear (the wear is small and can be regarded as no wear), and long-term use will not lead to a decrease in braking effect. Moreover, this application uses the flow of liquid to slow down the gear 3, so the elevator will not stop suddenly, avoiding damage to the elevator and the people and objects inside due to sudden stops. After braking, there is no need for professional personnel to manually operate its reset.
[0023] The structure of the rotating shaft 2, gear 3, centrifugal component 21 and baffle 41 is the same as that of the rotating shaft 2, gear 3, centrifugal component 21 and baffle 41 in the existing fall protection device (refer to the corresponding structure in patent CN202410095481.2, in which the centrifugal component 21 is a combination of centrifugal seat, centrifugal block and spring element in the patent). Since this part belongs to the prior art, it will not be described in detail here.
[0024] It should be noted that when the actuating plate 42 pushes the liquid in the annular chamber to flow, the liquid located between the moving direction of the actuating plate 42 and the baffle 12 is under high pressure due to the obstruction of the baffle 12. The high-pressure liquid rushes into the side of the baffle 12 away from the actuating plate 42 through the first gap between the baffle 12 and the annular groove 11. During this process, the potential energy of the elevator is converted into the internal energy of the liquid, and the liquid temperature rises.
[0025] Furthermore, the first gap between the baffle 12 and the side wall of the annular chamber can be adjusted appropriately according to the weight of the elevator and its maximum load capacity. With the total weight of the elevator remaining constant, the smaller the first gap, the greater the resistance to fluid flow. Similarly, with the initial angle between the actuating plate 42 and the baffle 12 remaining constant, the larger the diameter of the gear 3, the greater the braking stroke, resulting in better cushioning and a better feel (of course, the braking stroke can be adjusted by installing a gearbox next to the gear 3 and engaging the gearbox with the rack on the guide rail).
[0026] Preferably, the liquid fills the annular cavity. More preferably, the liquid is hydraulic oil.
[0027] Preferably, the brake cylinder 4 and the rotating shaft 2 are sealed by a high-pressure sealing ring.
[0028] In one embodiment, the baffle 12 also serves as a limiting block. When the elastic reset member 5 drives the brake cylinder 4 to rotate and reset, it cooperates with the elastic reset member 5 to limit the initial position of the toggle plate 42.
[0029] In one embodiment, the actuating plate 42 has a second gap between the bottom of the annular groove 11 and the side walls, and the area of the second gap is negatively correlated with the area of the first gap.
[0030] In practice, it is only necessary to control the total gap for liquid flow in the annular cavity (i.e., the sum of the areas of the first gap and the second gap) to be within a reasonable range (i.e., if the second gap increases, the first gap should decrease accordingly to keep the total gap within a reasonable range; the smaller the total gap, the greater the resistance to liquid flow). The setting of the second gap can reduce the machining accuracy of the actuating plate 42 and reduce costs, and can also prevent wear between the actuating plate 42 and the housing 1, minimizing the overall mechanical wear of the equipment.
[0031] It should be noted that the second gap should be minimized as much as possible so that the actuating plate 42 can drive more liquid flow.
[0032] In one embodiment, a plurality of ribs 13 are distributed in a ring at intervals within the annular groove 11. The distance between two adjacent ribs 13 is greater than the thickness of the actuating plate 42. The ribs 13 are C-shaped and fixed to the bottom of the annular groove 11 and the side walls, and can pass through the second gap without affecting the normal operation of the actuating plate 42. This is used to periodically reduce the flow area of the second gap while strengthening the strength of the housing 1.
[0033] In practice, on the one hand, since the annular cavity will generate great pressure when the actuating plate 42 is working, the rib 13 can improve the strength of the annular cavity, so that the annular cavity can withstand the pressure when the actuating plate 42 is working; on the other hand, the rib 13 can fill and reduce the flow area of the second gap (so that the rib 13 can contact the side of the actuating plate 42 and prevent liquid from passing through the second gap), so that when the actuating plate 42 passes the rib 13, the second gap decreases, the liquid pressure between the actuating plate 42 and the baffle 12 increases, and the resistance increases. Through this periodic (or intermittent) pressure increase and decrease, and intermittent increase in resistance, better braking can be performed (similar to braking by multiple "pumping").
[0034] Furthermore, the rib 13 increases the contact area with the liquid, thereby increasing the flow resistance of the liquid in the annular chamber. Since the annular chamber is ring-shaped, the liquid impacts the side of the rib 13 during the pushing process, which further increases the flow resistance of the liquid when it flows through the rib 13. At the same time, the increased contact area between the rib 13 and the liquid can quickly guide the temperature of the liquid to the shell 1.
[0035] In one embodiment, the actuating plate 42 has an arc-shaped groove 421 on the side used to drive the liquid flow. This design increases the contact area between the actuating plate 42 and the liquid, and can disrupt the flow of the fluid as the actuating plate 42 rotates with the brake cylinder 4, causing some of the fluid to impact the ribs 13 and increase the flow resistance.
[0036] In one embodiment, a water-permeable hole 422 is provided at the center of the arc-shaped groove 421, and an arc-shaped protrusion 121 adapted to the arc-shaped groove 421 is provided on one side of the baffle 12. The arc-shaped protrusion 121 is sealed and adapted to the arc-shaped groove 421.
[0037] In practice, when the actuating plate 42 rotates to the baffle 12, the arc-shaped protrusion 121 first engages with the arc-shaped groove 421, squeezing the liquid inside the arc-shaped groove 421. At this time, the pressure of the liquid inside the arc-shaped groove 421 further increases and is discharged from the water-permeable hole 422. This serves as a buffer, reducing the contact speed between the actuating plate 42 and the baffle 12, and preventing damage caused by direct impact. When the actuating plate 42 resets, the liquid enters the arc-shaped groove 421 through the water-permeable hole 422, preventing the actuating plate 42 and the baffle 12 from being firmly adhered together due to negative pressure, thus preventing the actuating plate 42 from resetting properly.
[0038] In one embodiment, in the initial posture, a transition groove 43 is provided on the corresponding part of the baffle 12 on the outer side of the brake cylinder 4. The two ends of the transition groove 43 extend to both sides of the baffle 12 to increase the flow area of the first gap in the initial posture.
[0039] In practice, since the actuating plate 42 changes directly from extremely static to extremely dynamic when it is working, the instantaneous force of the actuating plate 42 is huge at the moment of action. In order to avoid damage to the actuating plate 42, it is necessary to reduce the resistance of the fluid in the annular cavity at this time. The setting of the transition groove 43 can increase the flow area of the first gap and reduce the resistance of the fluid at the initial stage. After the actuating plate 42 rotates a certain distance, the transition groove 43 moves to one side of the baffle 12, and the flow area of the first gap returns to normal.
[0040] In addition, for elevator equipment with large load capacity, the overall structural strength and load-bearing capacity of the actuating plate 42 and the baffle 12 can be improved by conventional structural reinforcement methods such as reducing the fluid gap between the housing 1 and the brake cylinder 4, increasing the root structural dimensions of the actuating plate 42 and the baffle 12, and adding reinforcing ribs to the surface of the actuating plate 42 and the baffle 12.
[0041] In one embodiment, overflow holes 14 are provided on both sides of the corresponding baffle 12 of the housing 1, and an overflow valve 15 is installed on the outer side of the housing 1. The inlet and outlet of the overflow valve 15 are connected to the two overflow holes 14. When the pressure on one side of the baffle 12 reaches a preset threshold, the overflow valve 15 is opened to allow the liquid on one side of the baffle 12 to reach the other side of the baffle 12 through the overflow holes 14. This design can avoid excessive liquid pressure, which could damage the actuating plate 42 and the baffle 12, and also avoid the gear 3 from experiencing a sudden stop due to excessive liquid pressure in the early stage of braking, making the overall braking stroke relatively smooth.
[0042] In one embodiment, a rotating groove 16 is provided at the end of the housing 1 away from the gear 3. A hollow rotating cylinder 44 is fixed to one end of the brake cylinder 4, with one end of the rotating cylinder 44 extending into the rotating groove 16. The elastic reset member 5 is located between the rotating cylinder 44 and the rotating groove 16. One end of the rotating shaft 2 passes through the middle of the rotating cylinder 44 and is rotatably connected to the housing 1. With this design, under normal operation, the rotating shaft 2 will not drive the brake cylinder 4 to rotate, ensuring that the actuating plate 42 is in the initial position.
[0043] Preferably, the elastic reset element 5 is a disc spring or a torsion spring.
[0044] The present invention also discloses an elevator on which the above-mentioned elevator fall protection device is installed.
[0045] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0046] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.
[0047] Additionally, "multiple" refers to two or more.
[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An elevator fall arrestor, comprising: include: The housing (1) has an annular groove (11) in its middle: A rotating shaft (2) is rotatably disposed inside the housing (1), with one end extending out of the housing (1) and fitted with a gear (3); The brake cylinder (4) is rotatably sleeved between the rotating shaft (2) and the housing (1). The annular groove (11) and the brake cylinder (4) form a sealed annular cavity, which is filled with liquid. The brake cylinder (4) has multiple baffles (41) distributed on one side of the corresponding rotating shaft (2). Centrifugal assembly (21) is mounted on rotating shaft (2) and is used to contact the baffle (41) to drive the brake cylinder (4) to rotate when the rotation speed of rotating shaft (2) exceeds a predetermined speed threshold. A toggle plate (42) is fixed on the brake cylinder (4) and located in the annular cavity, used to push the liquid flow under the drive of the brake cylinder (4); The baffle (12) is fixed inside the housing (1) and located in the annular cavity. A first gap is left between it and the annular cavity to allow liquid to flow, providing resistance to the flow of liquid. After the actuating plate (42) rotates to a preset angle, it contacts the baffle (12) to prevent the actuating plate (42) and the brake cylinder (4) from rotating. The elastic reset component (5) is disposed between the housing (1) and the brake cylinder (4) to drive the brake cylinder (4) to rotate and reset.
2. A fall arrest device according to claim 1, characterised in that, The baffle (12) also serves as a limiting block. When the elastic reset member (5) drives the brake cylinder (4) to rotate and reset, it cooperates with the elastic reset member (5) to limit the initial position of the toggle plate (42).
3. Lift fall protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The actuating plate (42) has a second gap between the bottom of the annular groove (11) and the two side walls, and the area of the second gap is negatively correlated with the area of the first gap.
4. Lift fall protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The annular groove (11) has multiple ribs (13) distributed in annular intervals. The distance between two adjacent ribs (13) is greater than the thickness of the actuating plate (42). The ribs (13) are C-shaped and fixed to the bottom of the annular groove (11) and the two side walls. They can pass through the second gap, which is used to periodically reduce the flow area of the second gap while strengthening the strength of the shell (1).
5. The elevator fall arrest device of claim 4, wherein, The actuating plate (42) has an arc-shaped groove (421) on the side used to drive the liquid flow.
6. A fall arrest device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, The actuating plate (42) has an arc-shaped groove (421) on one side for promoting liquid flow. A water-permeable hole (422) is provided at the center of the arc-shaped groove (421). An arc-shaped protrusion (121) is provided on one side of the baffle (12) to match the arc-shaped groove (421). The arc-shaped protrusion (121) is sealed and matched with the arc-shaped groove (421).
7. A fall arrest device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, In the initial posture, a transition groove (43) is provided on the corresponding baffle (12) on the outer side of the brake cylinder (4). The two ends of the transition groove (43) extend to both sides of the baffle (12) to increase the flow area of the first gap in the initial posture.
8. A fall arrest device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, Overflow holes (14) are provided on both sides of the corresponding baffle (12) of the housing (1). An overflow valve (15) is installed on the housing (1). The inlet and outlet of the overflow valve (15) are connected to the two overflow holes (14). When the pressure on one side of the baffle (12) reaches a preset threshold, the overflow valve (15) is opened so that the liquid on one side of the baffle (12) can reach the other side of the baffle (12) through the overflow holes (14).
9. The elevator fall protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The housing (1) has a rotating groove (16) at the end away from the gear (3). A hollow rotating cylinder (44) is fixed at one end of the brake cylinder (4). One end of the rotating cylinder (44) extends into the rotating groove (16). The elastic reset member (5) is located between the rotating cylinder (44) and the rotating groove (16). One end of the rotating shaft (2) passes through the middle of the rotating cylinder (44) and is rotatably connected to the housing (1).
10. An elevator, characterized in that, It is equipped with an elevator anti-fall protection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.