Preparation method of hericium erinaceus extract

Abstract

This invention provides a method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract, comprising the following steps: Pretreatment of medicinal materials: taking Hericium erinaceus medicinal materials, removing impurities, and crushing into Hericium erinaceus fragments; Steaming: steaming the Hericium erinaceus fragments with water to obtain steamed fragments; Extraction: taking the steamed fragments, adding water and decocting twice, filtering and combining the filtrates to obtain an extract; Concentration: concentrating the extract to a thick paste, drying, and obtaining the Hericium erinaceus extract. This method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract can increase the adenosine content in Hericium erinaceus, which is key to further research on Hericium erinaceus extract, especially in exerting its antihypertensive effect, particularly significant for middle-aged and elderly people with hypertension.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract. Background Technology

[0002] Hericium erinaceus (Bull. ex Fr.) Pers., a fungus belonging to the family Myricaceae, is the dried fruiting body of the mushroom. It is hemispherical or head-shaped, 2–8 cm in diameter, with a soft, spiny surface and a light, soft texture. Hericium erinaceus is a fungus used in both food and medicine, possessing rich nutritional value and medicinal efficacy. Hericium erinaceus extract can invigorate the spleen and stomach, calm the nerves, and has anti-cancer properties. It is commonly used for weakness, indigestion, insomnia, gastric and duodenal ulcers, chronic gastritis, and digestive tract tumors. The main chemical components of Hericium erinaceus extract are polysaccharides, nucleosides, and polypeptides. Polysaccharides have immune-enhancing and antioxidant effects; nucleosides, mainly adenosine, have blood pressure-lowering effects. Hericium erinaceus is primarily used to invigorate the spleen and stomach and treat stomach ailments. Its cardiovascular effects have not been fully explored, especially in lowering blood pressure due to its low adenosine content.

[0003] Existing methods for obtaining Hericium erinaceus extract typically involve soaking the mushroom and then extracting it with hot water. The polysaccharides in Hericium erinaceus are highly water-soluble; soaking and the addition of water significantly increase their dissolution. Therefore, hot water extraction can increase the polysaccharide content in the extract. However, the adenosine content in Hericium erinaceus extract remains consistently low, generally not exceeding 1 mg / g. Even with extended hot water extraction, the adenosine content cannot reach above 1.5 mg / g. Consequently, the antihypertensive and other medicinal effects of Hericium erinaceus extract are not fully realized.

[0004] Therefore, developing a method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract, which can increase the adenosine content in Hericium erinaceus extract, is key to further researching and developing the range of applications of Hericium erinaceus extract, especially to exert its antihypertensive effect, which is of great significance for middle-aged and elderly people with hypertension. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention provides a method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract, which can improve the quality of Hericium erinaceus.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) Pre-processing steps of medicinal materials: Take the Hericium erinaceus medicinal material, remove impurities, and crush it into Hericium erinaceus fragments;

[0009] (2) Steaming steps: Take the broken pieces of monkey head mushroom and steam them with water to obtain steamed pieces;

[0010] (3) Extraction steps: Take the steamed pieces, add water and boil twice, filter and combine the filtrates to obtain the extract;

[0011] (4) Concentration step: Concentrate the extract to a thick paste, dry it, and obtain Hericium erinaceus extract.

[0012] According to the method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract of the present invention, preferably, in step (1), the particle size of Hericium erinaceus fragments is less than 4 cm.

[0013] According to the method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract of the present invention, preferably, in step (2), the steaming time is 5-30 min.

[0014] According to the method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract of the present invention, preferably, in step (2), the steaming time is 10-15 min.

[0015] According to the method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract of the present invention, preferably, in step (3), the ratio of water added in the two decoctions to Hericium erinaceus fragments is 10-20 ml: 1 g.

[0016] According to the method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract of the present invention, preferably, in step (3), the decoction time for both times is 5-30 min.

[0017] According to the method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract of the present invention, preferably, in step (3), both decoctions are filtered through a 100-300 mesh sieve.

[0018] According to the method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract of the present invention, preferably, in step (4), the extract is concentrated by vacuuming at a vacuum degree of -0.08 to -0.10 MPa and a water bath temperature of 60-70°C, until the relative density of the thick paste at 60°C is 1.02-1.05.

[0019] According to the method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract of the present invention, preferably, in step (4), the density of the thick paste is 1.03.

[0020] According to the method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract of the present invention, preferably, in step (4), the thick paste is dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60-70°C.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] The preparation method of Hericium erinaceus extract of the present invention can more easily extract adenosine from Hericium erinaceus and can also convert other components into adenosine, further increasing the adenosine content in Hericium erinaceus extract. This provides a material basis for studying the therapeutic effects of Hericium erinaceus extract on the cardiovascular system, and in particular, the antihypertensive effect of Hericium erinaceus extract has been significantly improved. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] Example 1: Preparation method of Hericium erinaceus extract

[0025] This embodiment describes a preparation method, and the specific preparation process includes the following steps:

[0026] Step (1): Take the Hericium erinaceus medicinal material, remove impurities, and crush it into Hericium erinaceus fragments with a particle size of less than 4cm;

[0027] Step (2): Take 100g of broken monkey head mushroom pieces and steam them in a C22-IH79E induction cooker. After the water boils, continue steaming for 10 minutes to obtain steamed pieces.

[0028] Step (3): Take the steamed pieces, add 1400ml of drinking water for the first time, decoct for 10 minutes, filter with a 200-mesh sieve, add another 1400ml of drinking water to the dregs, decoct for 10 minutes, filter with a 200-mesh sieve, combine the two filtrates to obtain the extract;

[0029] Step (4): The extract was concentrated using an R-502B rotary evaporator with a vacuum of -0.08 MPa and a water temperature of 65°C until it became a thick paste. The paste was then transferred to a vacuum drying oven at 65°C to dry the resulting powder, thus obtaining Hericium erinaceus extract.

[0030] Preparation methods of Hericium erinaceus extract in Examples 2-6

[0031] Examples 2-6 are methods for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract. Their steps are basically the same as in Example 1, with the differences detailed in Table 1.

[0032] Table 1. Summary of process parameters in Examples 2-6

[0033]

[0034] The contents of other parts of Examples 2 to 6 are the same as those of Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0035] Comparative Example 1: Preparation method of Hericium erinaceus extract

[0036] The preparation method of this comparative example includes the following steps:

[0037] Step (1): Take the Hericium erinaceus medicinal material, remove impurities, and crush it into Hericium erinaceus fragments with a particle size of less than 4cm;

[0038] Step (2): Take the broken pieces of Hericium erinaceus, add 1400ml of drinking water for the first time, decoct for 10 minutes, filter with a 200-mesh sieve, add another 1400ml of drinking water to the dregs, decoct for 10 minutes, filter with a 200-mesh sieve, combine the two filtrates to obtain the extract;

[0039] Step (3): The extract was concentrated using an R-502B rotary evaporator with a vacuum of -0.08 MPa and a water temperature of 65°C until it became a thick paste. The paste was then transferred to a vacuum drying oven at 65°C and dried to obtain a dry powder, thus obtaining Hericium erinaceus extract.

[0040] Preparation methods of Hericium erinaceus extracts (Comparative Examples 2-4)

[0041] Comparative Examples 2-4 represent methods for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract, and their steps are basically the same as those of Comparative Example 1. The specific differences are detailed in Table 2.

[0042] Table 2. Summary of process parameters in Comparative Examples 2-4

[0043]

[0044] The contents of other parts of Comparative Examples 2 to 4 are the same as those of Comparative Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0045] Experimental Example 1: Content Determination

[0046] The adenosine content in the Hericium erinaceus extracts prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was determined using the following methods:

[0047] Determined by high performance liquid chromatography (General Chapter 0512, Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Edition).

[0048] Chromatographic conditions and system suitability tests were performed using octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as the packing material (column length 250 mm, inner diameter 4.6 mm, particle size 5 μm); methanol-water (15:85) as the mobile phase; flow rate 1.0 mL / min; detection wavelength 259 nm. The theoretical plate number, calculated based on the adenosine peak, should be no less than 3000.

[0049] Preparation of the reference solution: Take an appropriate amount of adenosine reference standard, accurately weigh it, and add methanol to prepare a solution containing 4 μg of adenosine per ml.

[0050] Preparation of the test solution: Weigh approximately 0.2 g of this product accurately and place it in a stoppered conical flask. Accurately add 25 ml of 50% methanol, weigh the solution, sonicate (power 250 W, frequency 40 kHz) for 30 minutes, cool, weigh the solution again, replenish the lost weight with 50% methanol, shake well, filter, and collect the filtrate.

[0051] The assay involves precisely pipetting 10 μl each of the reference solution and the test solution into a liquid chromatograph and measuring the results.

[0052] The measurement results are shown in Table 3:

[0053] Table 3. Summary of the extraction processes for Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4

[0054]

[0055] As shown in Table 3 above, comparing Examples 1-6, after steaming for 10 minutes, further increasing the steaming time or subsequent extraction time and water volume did not significantly increase the adenosine content, indicating that the 10-minute steaming time was sufficient to extract the adenosine. Comparing the examples and comparative examples, the content of Hericium erinaceus extract without steaming did not significantly increase even with subsequent increases in water volume and extraction time. The applicant speculates that during steaming, not only is the dissolution of adenosine from the extract facilitated, but some other substances are also converted into adenosine. Therefore, the preparation method of this invention can significantly increase the adenosine content in Hericium erinaceus extract.

[0056] The Hericium erinaceus extracts from Examples 1 and 1 Comparative Example 1 were added to a mixer at a mass ratio of 1:1 and mixed evenly. The mixture was then prepared into granules using a dry granulation machine. The granules were labeled as Sample S and Sample D, respectively.

[0057] Experiment Example 2: Animal Blood Pressure Reduction Experiment

[0058] Sixteen healthy rabbits were randomly selected and divided into two groups, A1 and A2, with eight rabbits in each group (half male and half female). Sixteen rabbits that successfully developed a hypertension model were randomly selected and divided into two groups, B1 and B2, with eight rabbits in each group (half male and half female). The grouping and medication administration details are shown in Table 4 below.

[0059] Table 4 Medication Administration Details

[0060] Feeding medicine Dosage mg / Kg A1 physiological saline 0 A2 S1 100 B1 S1 100 B2 D1 100

[0061] In this experiment, rabbits were administered the medication via gavage according to the dosages in Table 4 above. Blood pressure was then observed in each experimental group over time, measured every 4 hours. Five data points were collected each time, and the average blood pressure value was taken as the final result. The experimental results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0062] Table 5 Experimental Results

[0063]

[0064] The experimental results in Table 5 show that the S1 sample prepared in Example 1 had virtually no effect on healthy rabbits in group A2, indicating its safety. Comparing the experimental results of groups B1 and B2, group B2, using sample D1, experienced a slight decrease in blood pressure during the 8-12 hour period, but the decrease was small, and it began to rise after 16 hours. Group B1, using sample S1, saw a decrease in blood pressure within 4 hours, a significant decrease during the 8-16 hour period, and a rise after 20 hours. These experimental results demonstrate that steaming the Hericium erinaceus extract increases the adenosine content of the hericium erinaceus, resulting in a very good therapeutic effect in lowering blood pressure.

[0065] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Pre-processing steps of medicinal materials: Take the Hericium erinaceus medicinal material, remove impurities, and crush it into Hericium erinaceus fragments; (2) Steaming steps: Take the broken pieces of monkey head mushroom and steam them with water to obtain steamed pieces; (3) Extraction steps: Take the steamed pieces, add water and boil twice, filter and combine the filtrates to obtain the extract; (4) Concentration step: Concentrate the extract to a thick paste, dry it, and obtain Hericium erinaceus extract.

2. The method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the particle size of the Hericium erinaceus fragments is less than 4 cm.

3. The method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the steaming time is 5-30 minutes.

4. The method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the steaming time is 10-15 minutes.

5. The method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the ratio of water added during the two decoctions to the pieces of monkey head mushroom is 10-20 ml: 1 g.

6. The method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the decocting time for both times is 5-30 minutes.

7. The method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), both decoctions are filtered through a 100-300 mesh sieve.

8. The method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the concentration is carried out by vacuuming, with a vacuum degree of -0.08 to -0.10 MPa and a water bath temperature of 60-70°C, until the relative density of the concentrated paste is 1.02-1.05 at 60°C.

9. The method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step (4), the density of the paste is 1.

03.

10. The method for preparing Hericium erinaceus extract according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step (4), the viscous paste is dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60-70°C.

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