Laser cutting mechanism for aviation special plate

Abstract

This invention discloses a laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal, belonging to the field of laser cutting technology. The invention includes a frame, a movable frame slidably mounted on the frame, a laser cutting head mounted on the movable frame, and a motor fixedly mounted on the frame. A rotating cylinder is uniformly rotatable on the frame, and a serrated support frame is elastically and telescopically mounted on the rotating cylinder. A guide assembly is fixedly mounted on the frame, and an air pump is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the frame. A cooling air supply assembly is disposed between the rotating cylinder and the air pump. A movable conveying component is elastically disposed through the rotating cylinder, and powder storage cylinders are symmetrically and elastically mounted on the inner side of the rotating cylinder. This laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal can reduce the adhesion between the serrated support frame and the dripping molten slag, achieving efficient slag removal. It can also simultaneously cool the serrated support frame, preventing thermal deformation that could affect the stability of the support for the sheet metal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, specifically to a laser cutting mechanism for special aerospace sheet materials. Background Technology

[0002] In the aerospace manufacturing field, aerospace special sheet metal is used as a core structural material and is widely used in the manufacture of key components such as aircraft skin, engine combustion chamber liners, spacecraft thermal protection systems, and landing gear support plates. Its performance directly determines the flight safety, reliability, and service life of aerospace equipment. Currently, the cutting and processing of aerospace special sheet metal mainly adopts laser cutting.

[0003] Prior art (Chinese Patent No. CN118321749B, Publication Date: 2024-09-03) discloses a laser cutting device and method for sheet metal, including a cutting bed and a laser. The cutting bed has several support members, including a first support member and a second support member. The first support member includes a first rotating shaft with a support portion and a brush cleaning component. The second support member includes a second rotating shaft with a sliding sleeve slidably connected to it. The sliding sleeve has a support component and a brush cleaning component. A reciprocating drive component is provided inside the second rotating shaft to drive the sliding sleeve to move back and forth. Both the first and second rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the cutting bed. A rotary drive mechanism drives the first and second rotating shafts to rotate synchronously. A second support member is provided between two adjacent first support members, which can effectively clean the slag adhering to the support portion, preventing the slag from affecting the flatness of the sheet metal and improving the actual cutting precision. The prior art (Chinese patent publication number: CN118342125A, publication date: 2024-07-16) discloses a laser cutting machine for metal processing. Addressing the shortcomings of existing laser cutting machines, such as the cumbersome transport of large metal plates and the difficulty in cleaning the serrated support frames used to support the metal plates, this invention includes a frame with a slag discharge hole on the inner wall of one bottom side. Electric guide rails are installed on both sides of the frame, and the same gantry frame is mounted on both electric guide rails. Multiple serrated support frames are fixedly installed at equal intervals inside the frame. This invention automatically moves the plate onto the frame for laser cutting. After cutting the metal plate, a slag cleaning mechanism is activated to clean and polish the welding slag adhering to the serrated support frames, ensuring the serrated support frames remain clean. Furthermore, the automated cleaning method offers significant convenience in cleaning the serrated support frames.

[0004] While existing laser cutting mechanisms for special aerospace plates can clean the welding slag on the support frame, they require stopping the machine for grinding, which makes slag removal difficult and can easily damage the surface of the support frame, thereby increasing the bonding of subsequent molten slag and further increasing the difficulty of slag removal. This presents certain defects in use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser cutting mechanism for special aerospace plates, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Although the laser cutting mechanisms on the market can clean the welding slag on the support frame, they require stopping the machine for grinding, which makes slag removal difficult and easily damages the surface of the support frame, thereby increasing the bonding degree of subsequent molten slag and further increasing the difficulty of slag removal.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal, comprising a frame, a movable frame slidably mounted on the frame, a laser cutting head mounted on the movable frame, a motor fixedly mounted on the frame, a rotating cylinder uniformly rotatably mounted on the frame, a serrated support frame elastically telescopically mounted on the rotating cylinder, a guide assembly fixedly mounted on the frame, an air pump fixedly mounted on the outer side of the frame, a cooling air supply assembly disposed between the rotating cylinder and the air pump, a movable conveying component elastically disposed through the rotating cylinder, powder storage cylinders symmetrically and elastically mounted on the inner side of the rotating cylinder, a transmission assembly disposed between the serrated support frame and the powder storage cylinders, and the powder storage cylinders being driven to rotate via the transmission assembly during the telescopic adjustment of the serrated support frame.

[0007] Preferably, the output end of the motor and the shaft of the leftmost rotating cylinder are connected by a synchronous belt drive, and the shafts of adjacent rotating cylinders are connected by a synchronous belt drive. The serrated support frame above the rotating cylinder is supported under the special plate material.

[0008] Preferably, two serrated support frames are symmetrically arranged on the rotating cylinder, and the teeth of the two serrated support frames are staggered. During the rotation of the two adjacent rotating cylinders, the teeth of the serrated support frames on the two cylinders move relative to each other in a staggered manner. At the same time, as the two adjacent serrated support frames approach each other, the residual slag at the end of the serrated support frame is stripped off.

[0009] Preferably, the guide assembly includes a fixed plate symmetrically fixedly mounted on the frame, and guide blocks are uniformly fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, with the guide blocks and the rotating cylinder positioned vertically corresponding to each other.

[0010] Preferably, the guide block is located on the rotation trajectory of the sawtooth support frame, and the end of the sawtooth support frame abuts against the inclined surface of the guide block during the rotation of the rotating cylinder. The sawtooth support frame is elastically extended and retracted under the guidance of the inclined surface of the guide block, and the outer wall slag is stripped off when the sawtooth support frame retracts towards the inside of the rotating cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling gas delivery assembly includes a gas delivery pipe connected to the gas outlet end of the gas delivery pump, and the gas delivery pipe is uniformly provided with pipelines that are rotatably connected to the shaft of the rotating cylinder, and the gas delivery pipe is connected to the cavity inside the rotating cylinder through the pipelines.

[0012] Preferably, a spring is fixedly connected between the movable conveyor and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder. When the movable conveyor is located inside the rotating cylinder, it supports the sawtooth support frame at the upper position. The movable conveyor at the lower position elastically extends and retracts on the rotating cylinder under its own gravity. At the same time, an air supply channel is provided through the movable conveyor, and the air outlet of the air supply channel faces the sawtooth support frame.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a rack fixedly mounted on the sawtooth support frame, and a spring is fixed between the rack and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder. A transmission gear is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the rotating cylinder through a one-way bearing. During the movement and adjustment of the sawtooth support frame, the rack and the transmission gear are engaged. When the sawtooth support frame is reset and ejected from the inner side of the rotating cylinder, the powder storage cylinder is driven to rotate through the meshing action of the transmission gear and the rack.

[0014] Preferably, a powder adding tube is fixedly connected to the end of the powder storage cylinder, and a powder dispensing port is opened on the side wall of the powder storage cylinder. A sealing plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder. The sealing plate fits and seals the outside of the powder dispensing port. During the rotation of the powder storage cylinder, the powder dispensing port and the sealing plate gradually become misaligned.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the laser cutting mechanism of the aerospace special sheet can reduce the bonding between the saw tooth support frame and the dripping slag, achieve efficient slag removal, and can simultaneously cool the saw tooth support frame to avoid thermal deformation that would affect the support stability of the sheet. 1. Equipped with a rotating drum, a serrated support frame, and a guide block, the rotating drum is controlled to rotate synchronously after cutting. This allows the serrated support frames on adjacent rotating drums to move closer to each other, causing the staggered teeth on the two serrated support frames to move in opposite directions. This removes the slag adhering to the end face of the tooth block. At the same time, when the serrated support frame rotates to the bottom of the rotating drum, it will be guided by the guide block to contract and adjust, allowing the rotating drum to scrape off the slag adhering to the side wall of the serrated support frame synchronously, achieving effective slag removal and cleaning of the surface of the serrated support frame.

[0016] 2. Equipped with an air pump and air supply pipe, the air pump can deliver cooled air to the inside of each rotating cylinder through the air supply pipe, thereby achieving continuous cooling of the sawtooth support frame on the rotating cylinder and avoiding the wind force from directly affecting the processing area and affecting the cutting accuracy. 3. The device is equipped with a powder storage cylinder, a sealing plate, a transmission gear, and a rack. As the rotating drum rotates, when the serrated support frame moves to the lower position, it slides into the inside of the rotating drum under the guidance of the guide block. When the rotating drum rotates again, the serrated support frame disengages from the guide block and automatically pops out and resets. At the same time, it drives the powder storage cylinder to rotate, causing the powder inside the storage cylinder to be discharged into the inside of the rotating drum through the powder inlet. This mixes with the conveying gas and is gently blown onto the surface of the serrated support frame, causing the powder to adhere to the surface of the serrated support frame. This reduces the adhesion between the molten slag and the serrated support frame, facilitating subsequent slag removal operations. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the rotating cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide block installation structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rotating cylinder and the sawtooth support frame of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating cylinder mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the rotating cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the rotating cylinder of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the transmission gear and rack of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the powder storage cylinder and the transmission gear of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Moving frame; 3. Laser cutting head; 4. Motor; 5. Rotating cylinder; 6. Serrated support frame; 7. Fixed plate; 8. Guide block; 9. Air pump; 10. Air pipe; 11. Moving conveyor; 12. Air duct; 13. Powder storage cylinder; 1301. Powder adding pipe; 14. Powder dispensing port; 15. Sealing plate; 16. Transmission gear; 17. Rack. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Existing laser cutting mechanisms require downtime for grinding, which is difficult to remove slag and can easily damage the support frame surface, thus increasing the bonding strength of subsequent molten slag. To solve this technical problem, this example discloses the following technical content. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 Figure 6 As shown; a laser cutting mechanism for special aerospace sheet metal includes a frame 1, a movable frame 2 slidably disposed on the frame 1, a laser cutting head 3 mounted on the movable frame 2, a motor 4 fixedly mounted on the frame 1, a rotating cylinder 5 uniformly rotating on the frame 1, a serrated support frame 6 elastically telescopically mounted on the rotating cylinder 5, and a guide assembly fixedly mounted on the frame 1.

[0021] The output end of motor 4 is connected to the shaft of the leftmost rotating cylinder 5 via a synchronous belt drive, and the shafts of adjacent rotating cylinders 5 are also connected via synchronous belt drives. The serrated support frame 6 above the rotating cylinder 5 is supported under the special plate. Two serrated support frames 6 are symmetrically arranged on the rotating cylinder 5, and the teeth of the two serrated support frames 6 are staggered. During the rotation of the two adjacent rotating cylinders 5, the teeth of the serrated support frames 6 on both cylinders move relative to each other. At the same time, when the two adjacent serrated support frames 6 approach each other, the residual slag at the end of the serrated support frame 6 is peeled off. The guide assembly includes a fixed plate 7 symmetrically fixedly installed on the frame 1, and guide blocks 8 are uniformly fixedly installed on the fixed plate 7. The guide blocks 8 and the rotating cylinder 5 are vertically corresponding. The guide blocks 8 are located on the rotation trajectory of the serrated support frame 6. During the rotation of the rotating cylinder 5, the end of the serrated support frame 6 abuts against the inclined surface of the guide block 8. The serrated support frame 6 is elastically extended and retracted under the guidance of the inclined surface of the guide block 8. At the same time, when the serrated support frame 6 retracts towards the inside of the rotating cylinder 5, the slag on the outer wall is peeled off.

[0022] During cutting, the control motor 4 drives the rotating drum 5 to rotate. When the saw tooth support frame 6 moves to its highest point, the aerospace special sheet material is placed on top of the saw tooth support frame 6 for support. At this time, the saw tooth support frame 6 will remain vertically stable under the support of the two sets of moving conveyors 11 above. Then, the control of the moving frame 2 drives the laser cutting head 3 to move and cut. After the cutting is completed, the control of the rotating drum 5 to rotate synchronously again can bring the saw tooth support frames 6 on the two adjacent rotating drums 5 closer to each other, so that the staggered teeth on the two saw tooth support frames 6 move in opposite directions. The two serrated support frames 6 can remove the slag attached to the end face of the counter-tooth block. At the same time, when the serrated support frame 6 rotates to the bottom of the rotating cylinder 5, the serrated support frame 6 will fit against the inclined surface of the guide block 8. The serrated support frame 6 is elastically contracted and adjusted by the guide block 8. At this time, the serrated support frame 6 moves to the inside of the rotating cylinder 5, so that the rotating cylinder 5 can simultaneously scrape off the slag attached to the side wall of the serrated support frame 6, realizing effective slag removal and cleaning of the surface of the serrated support frame 6, which can achieve efficient cutting without stopping the machine for separate grinding and slag removal.

[0023] Example 2: The technical content disclosed in this example is a further improvement based on Example 1. Existing laser cutting mechanisms are inconvenient for cooling and protecting the serrated support frame 6, making it prone to thermal deformation and surface damage. To further solve this technical problem, this example discloses the following technical content: Figure 1 and Figures 6-9 As shown; an air pump 9 is fixedly installed on the outside of the frame 1, and a cooling air supply assembly is provided between the rotating cylinder 5 and the air pump 9. A movable conveying component 11 is elastically installed through the rotating cylinder 5. A powder storage cylinder 13 is symmetrically elastically installed on the inside of the rotating cylinder 5. A transmission assembly is provided between the serrated support frame 6 and the powder storage cylinder 13. During the extension and retraction adjustment of the serrated support frame 6, the powder storage cylinder 13 is driven to rotate through the transmission assembly.

[0024] The cooling air supply assembly includes an air supply pipe 10 connected to the outlet of the air supply pump 9. The air supply pipe 10 has evenly distributed pipes that rotatably connect to the shaft of the rotating cylinder 5. The air supply pipe 10 is connected to the inner wall cavity of the rotating cylinder 5 via these pipes. A spring is fixedly connected between the moving conveyor 11 and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 5. When the moving conveyor 11 is located inside the rotating cylinder 5, it supports the sawtooth support frame 6 at the upper position. The moving conveyor 11 at the lower position elastically extends and retracts on the rotating cylinder 5 under its own weight. An air supply channel 12 is provided through the moving conveyor 11, with the outlet of the air supply channel 12 facing the sawtooth support frame 6. The transmission assembly includes a rack 17 fixedly mounted on the sawtooth support frame 6. A spring is fixed between 7 and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 5. A transmission gear 16 is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the rotating cylinder 5 through a one-way bearing. During the movement and adjustment of the sawtooth support frame 6, the rack 17 and the transmission gear 16 are engaged. When the sawtooth support frame 6 is reset and popped out from the inner side of the rotating cylinder 5, the powder storage cylinder 13 is driven to rotate through the meshing action of the transmission gear 16 and the rack 17. A powder adding tube 1301 is fixedly connected to the end of the powder storage cylinder 13. A powder dispensing port 14 is opened on the side wall of the powder storage cylinder 13. A sealing plate 15 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 5. The sealing plate 15 is fitted and sealed to the outside of the powder dispensing port 14. During the rotation of the powder storage cylinder 13, the powder dispensing port 14 and the sealing plate 15 are gradually misaligned.

[0025] During cutting, the air pump 9 is activated, which delivers cooled air through the air pipe 10 to the inside of each rotating cylinder 5, thereby continuously cooling the serrated support frame 6 on the rotating cylinder 5. The moving conveyor 11, located at the lower position, slides under gravity, opening the air passage 12 on the moving conveyor 11. This allows airflow to exit through the air passage 12, preventing wind from directly affecting the processing area and impacting cutting accuracy. As the rotating cylinder 5 rotates, when the serrated support frame 6 moves to the lower position, it slides into the inside of the rotating cylinder 5 under the guidance of the guide block 8. When the rotating cylinder 5 rotates again, the serrated support frame 6 automatically pops out and resets when it disengages from the guide block 8. At this time, the rack 17 connected to the serrated support frame 6 drives the transmission gear 16 to rotate, causing the transmission gear 16 to drive the powder storage cylinder 13 to rotate. The powder storage cylinder 13 and the transmission gear 17... The 6-way bearing connection prevents the serrated support frame 6 from rotating when it slides into the rotating cylinder 5, thus avoiding the rotation of the powder storage cylinder 13. When the powder storage cylinder 13 rotates, the powder inlet 14 and the sealing plate 15 are misaligned, allowing some of the powder inside the powder storage cylinder 13 to be discharged into the rotating cylinder 5 through the powder inlet 14. This mixes with the conveying gas and is gently blown onto the surface of the serrated support frame 6, causing powder to adhere to the surface of the serrated support frame 6. This reduces the bonding degree between the molten slag and the serrated support frame 6, facilitating subsequent slag removal operations. Powder can be periodically added to the inside of the powder storage cylinder 13 through the powder addition pipe 1301. The powder can be desulfurization and deoxidation aid powder or reducing agent powder, etc. While assisting in slag stripping, it can also be directly used for subsequent slag recycling. To improve the adhesion effect of dust on the surface of the serrated support frame 6, a micro-current electrostatic generator can be used to perform controllable electrostatic treatment on the serrated support frame 6.

[0026] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A laser cutting mechanism for special aerospace sheet metal, comprising a frame (1), a movable frame (2) slidably disposed on the frame (1), a laser cutting head (3) mounted on the movable frame (2), and a motor (4) fixedly mounted on the frame (1), characterized in that, A rotating cylinder (5) is uniformly mounted on the frame (1), and a serrated support frame (6) is elastically telescopically mounted on the rotating cylinder (5). A guide assembly is fixedly mounted on the frame (1). An air pump (9) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the frame (1), and a cooling air delivery assembly is provided between the rotating cylinder (5) and the air pump (9). A movable conveying component (11) is elastically provided through the rotating cylinder (5). A powder storage cylinder (13) is symmetrically elastically mounted on the inside of the rotating cylinder (5), and a transmission assembly is provided between the serrated support frame (6) and the powder storage cylinder (13). During the telescopic adjustment of the serrated support frame (6), the powder storage cylinder (13) is driven to rotate through the transmission assembly.

2. The laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the motor (4) and the shaft of the leftmost rotating cylinder (5) are connected by a synchronous belt drive, and the shafts of adjacent rotating cylinders (5) are connected by a synchronous belt drive. The serrated support frame (6) above the rotating cylinder (5) is supported under the special plate.

3. The laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two serrated support frames (6) are symmetrically arranged on the rotating cylinder (5), and the teeth of the two serrated support frames (6) are misaligned. During the rotation of the two adjacent rotating cylinders (5), the teeth of the serrated support frames (6) on both cylinders are misaligned and move relative to each other. At the same time, the residual slag at the end of the serrated support frame (6) is stripped off as the two adjacent serrated support frames (6) approach each other.

4. The laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding component includes a fixed plate (7) symmetrically fixedly installed on the frame (1), and guide blocks (8) are uniformly fixedly installed on the fixed plate (7), and the guide blocks (8) and the rotating cylinder (5) are positioned vertically correspondingly.

5. The laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide block (8) is located on the rotation trajectory of the sawtooth support frame (6), and the end of the sawtooth support frame (6) abuts against the inclined surface of the guide block (8) during the rotation of the rotating cylinder (5). The sawtooth support frame (6) is elastically stretched and adjusted under the guidance of the inclined surface of the guide block (8). At the same time, when the sawtooth support frame (6) contracts towards the inside of the rotating cylinder (5), the outer wall slag is stripped off.

6. The laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling gas delivery assembly includes a gas delivery pipe (10) connected to the gas outlet of the gas delivery pump (9), and the gas delivery pipe (10) is uniformly provided with pipelines that are rotatably connected to the shaft of the rotating cylinder (5), and the gas delivery pipe (10) is connected to the cavity inside the rotating cylinder (5) through the pipelines.

7. The laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring is fixedly connected between the movable conveyor (11) and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (5). When the movable conveyor (11) is located inside the rotating cylinder (5), it supports the sawtooth support frame (6) at the upper position. The movable conveyor (11) at the lower position elastically extends and retracts on the rotating cylinder (5) under its own gravity. At the same time, an air supply channel (12) is opened through the movable conveyor (11), and the air outlet end of the air supply channel (12) faces the sawtooth support frame (6).

8. The laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a rack (17) fixedly mounted on the sawtooth support frame (6), and a spring is fixed between the rack (17) and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (5). A transmission gear (16) is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the rotating cylinder (5) through a one-way bearing. During the movement and adjustment of the sawtooth support frame (6), the rack (17) and the transmission gear (16) are driven to mesh. When the sawtooth support frame (6) is reset and popped out from the inner side of the rotating cylinder (5), the powder storage cylinder (13) is driven to rotate through the meshing action of the transmission gear (16) and the rack (17).

9. The laser cutting mechanism for aerospace special sheet metal according to claim 8, characterized in that: The powder storage cylinder (13) is fixedly connected to a powder adding tube (1301) at its end, and a powder dispensing port (14) is opened on the side wall of the powder storage cylinder (13). A sealing plate (15) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (5). The sealing plate (15) is fitted and sealed to the outside of the powder dispensing port (14). During the rotation of the powder storage cylinder (13), the powder dispensing port (14) and the sealing plate (15) gradually become misaligned.

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