A bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device

Abstract

This invention discloses a welding and fixing device for the rear cover of an axle housing, belonging to the technical field of axle processing. It includes a chassis, a welding table fixed to the top surface of the chassis, a hydraulic chuck and two sets of hydraulic clamps fixed to the top of the welding table, a bracket fixed to the rear of the chassis, and a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the bracket. A ring welding mechanism is fixedly connected to the drive end of the hydraulic cylinder. The ring welding mechanism includes a base plate, a toothed ring fixed to the top surface of the base plate, and an annular rail fixed to the top surface of the toothed ring. A moving component is slidably mounted on the outside of the annular rail, and a blowing component is fixed to one side of the moving component. A clamping component is fixed to the bottom surface of the base plate. This invention can precisely weld the rear cover to the axle housing body, and can blow air into the welding area before welding, effectively avoiding interference with welding quality caused by welding slag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of axle processing, specifically a welding and fixing device for the rear cover of an axle housing. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the welding of rear axle housings and rear covers of automobiles, especially commercial vehicles, the traditional process generally uses a welding method where the axle housing rotates while the welding gun remains stationary. This process requires clamping the entire long-shaft, heavy axle housing onto a rotary table, relying on a drive mechanism to rotate the axle housing and rear cover synchronously, and cooperating with a fixed welding gun to complete the circumferential weld.

[0003] In actual production applications, this method has a series of insurmountable defects: First, the rotation of the bridge housing is prone to interference and swaying. The bridge housing is long and heavy, and during the rotation process, it is very easy to have spatial interference with the tooling support, surrounding equipment and site. A large rotation space needs to be reserved, resulting in a large equipment footprint and limited layout. Second, the welding posture changes continuously with the rotation, and the molten pool is significantly affected by gravity, which can easily lead to problems such as weld beads, molten pool sagging, incomplete penetration, and uneven weld width. The weld formation consistency is poor, and the strength and sealing performance are difficult to guarantee stably. Third, there is a lack of reliable pre-welding automatic cleaning methods. Iron filings, oxide scale, oil stains, dust, and welding slag from previous processes are easily left on the welding bevels and mating surfaces of the bridge housing and rear cover. Impurities entering the molten pool can easily cause defects such as porosity and slag inclusions, directly affecting the welding quality. Fourth, the clamping mechanism has poor adaptability. Existing clamping mechanisms mostly use rigid blocks for single-point or multi-point clamping, which cannot adapt to the casting flatness error of the bridge housing and rear cover, the height difference of the reinforcing ribs, and the welding thermal deformation. Problems such as local false pressure, warping, and uneven force are prone to occur under the action of welding thermal stress and vibration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a welding and fixing device for the rear cover of an axle housing, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art such as easy interference and shaking of the workpiece, weld defects caused by variable welding posture, insufficient pre-welding cleaning, and poor adaptability of rigid clamping.

[0005] A bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device includes a chassis, a welding table fixed on the top surface of the chassis, a hydraulic chuck and two sets of hydraulic clamps fixed on the top of the welding table, a bracket fixed at the rear of the chassis, and a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the bracket. A ring welding mechanism is fixedly connected to the drive end of the hydraulic cylinder. The ring welding mechanism includes a base plate, a toothed ring fixed on the top surface of the base plate, and an annular rail fixed on the top surface of the toothed ring. A moving component is slidably installed on the outside of the annular rail, and a blowing component is fixed on one side of the moving component. A clamping component is fixed on the bottom surface of the base plate.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the two sets of hydraulic clamping blocks are located on both sides of the hydraulic chuck, and there are two hydraulic clamping blocks in each set, which are symmetrically distributed.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the moving component includes a slider adapted to the annular track. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to one side of the slider, and a sliding plate is slidably installed through the connecting plate on one side. A fixing frame is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding plate away from the connecting plate. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate, and a sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the top surface of the connecting plate. One end of the sliding sleeve is fixed to one side of the fixing frame. A drive motor is fixedly connected to the top surface of the slider away from the connecting plate, and a drive gear that meshes with a gear ring is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the drive motor.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a welding gun is clamped and fixed at the bottom of the fixing frame, a slide bar is fixed on the top surface of the connecting plate, the slide sleeve is recessed and is slidably installed on the outside of the slide bar.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, an electric push rod is fixed through the connecting plate, the electric push rod is located above the slide plate, and the driving end of the electric push rod is fixed to the side wall of the fixing frame.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a stabilizing concave ring is fixed around the periphery of the base plate, and a stabilizing roller is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the connecting plate, with the stabilizing roller located inside the stabilizing concave ring.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the blowing assembly includes a fixed base, a blowing air knife is rotatably mounted in the fixed base via a shaft, an air outlet is provided at the bottom of the blowing air knife, a rotating disk is fixed at one end of the shaft of the blowing air knife, a mounting base is fixed on one side of the fixed base corresponding to the rotating disk, and a positioning rod for limiting the rotation disk is slidably mounted through the mounting base.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the fixed base is fixedly connected to the fixed frame through a connecting rod. The positioning rod includes a sliding rod, a spring and a pressing end. The spring is sleeved outside the pressing end and is located between the pressing end and the mounting base.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the pressing assembly includes a pressure plate, the outer edge of which is provided with a plurality of shaft grooves, and a pressure rod is movably connected in the shaft grooves through a spring return shaft.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a connecting plate is fixed to the top of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate is fixed to the bottom surface of the base plate through the connecting plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting up a ring welding mechanism, the present invention drives the slider to move in a ring path during welding through the drive of the active gear, thereby driving the welding gun to perform ring welding. Thus, the bridge shell only needs to be fixed to perform welding. The bridge shell does not need to rotate during the entire welding process. The loading and unloading are directly placed horizontally, which is simple to operate and has high safety. It completely solves the problems of bridge shell rotation interference and shaking. Moreover, the welding gun always maintains a flat welding posture, and the molten pool is subjected to uniform force. It avoids defects such as weld beads and sagging caused by gravity in traditional rotary welding. The weld formation is consistent and the strength is higher. By setting up a spraying component, the spraying component first sprays the welding area before the welding gun performs the welding process. After the spraying air knife is connected to the external air source, the air is exhausted through the air outlet to pre-spray the welding area between the bridge housing and the rear cover, blowing away impurities such as iron filings, oxide scale, oil stains, dust, and welding slag residue in the welding area. Then the welding gun performs the welding operation, ensuring that the weld is clean and greatly improving the welding strength and sealing performance. By setting up a clamping assembly, the pressure plate is pressed against the top of the rear cover. At the same time, multiple pressure rods are adaptively pressed against the surface of the rear cover under the action of the spring return shaft, thus fixing the rear cover. This can adaptively compensate for the flatness error of the axle housing rear cover and welding thermal deformation, ensuring uniform clamping force at each point, avoiding local warping and false pressure. Moreover, multi-point elastic clamping can effectively suppress the warping of the rear cover caused by welding thermal stress, while buffering the vibration during the welding process, preventing welding gun trajectory deviation and uneven weld formation. Attached Figure Description To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the ring welding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the main view of the moving component in this invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the jetting assembly in this invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the positioning rod in this invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the clamping component in this invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Chassis; 2. Welding table; 3. Hydraulic chuck; 4. Hydraulic clamp; 5. Bracket; 6. Hydraulic cylinder; 7. Ring welding mechanism; 71. Circular rail; 72. Gear ring; 73. Base plate; 74. Stabilizing concave ring; 75. Moving component; 751. Fixed frame; 752. Slider; 753. Drive gear; 754. Connecting plate; 755. Electric actuator; 756. Slide plate; 757. Connecting plate; 758. Stabilizing roller; 759. Sliding sleeve; 76. Spraying component; 761. Fixed seat; 762. Spraying air knife; 763. Connecting rod; 764. Air outlet; 765. Rotating disk; 766. Mounting seat; 767. Positioning rod; 77. Clamping component; 771. Pressure plate; 772. Shaft groove; 773. Spring return shaft; 774. Pressure rod; 775. Connecting disk. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, a bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device includes a housing 1. A welding table 2 is fixed on the top surface of the housing 1, and a hydraulic chuck 3 and two sets of hydraulic clamping blocks 4 are fixed on the top of the welding table 2. A bracket 5 is fixed at the rear of the housing 1, and a hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixed on the bracket 5. A ring welding mechanism 7 is fixedly connected to the drive end of the hydraulic cylinder 6. The ring welding mechanism 7 includes a base plate 73. A toothed ring 72 is fixed on the top surface of the base plate 73, and an annular rail 71 is fixed on the top surface of the toothed ring 72. A moving component 75 is slidably installed on the outside of the annular rail 71, and a blowing component 76 is fixed on one side of the moving component 75. A clamping component 77 is fixed on the bottom surface of the base plate 73.

[0020] Two sets of hydraulic clamping blocks 4 are located on both sides of the hydraulic chuck 3, and there are two hydraulic clamping blocks 4 in each set, which are symmetrically distributed.

[0021] Specifically, the hydraulic chuck 3 is installed inside the axle housing to provide internal support and fixation, and two sets of hydraulic clamps 4 fix both ends of the axle housing.

[0022] The moving component 75 includes a slider 752 adapted to the annular rail 71. A connecting plate 754 is fixedly connected to one side of the slider 752. A sliding plate 756 is slidably mounted through one side of the connecting plate 754. A fixing frame 751 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding plate 756 away from the connecting plate 754. A connecting plate 757 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate 754, and a sliding sleeve 759 is slidably connected to the top surface of the connecting plate 757. One end of the sliding sleeve 759 is fixed to one side of the fixing frame 751. A drive motor is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the slider 752 away from the connecting plate 754. The drive shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a drive gear 753 that meshes with the gear ring 72. A welding gun is clamped and fixed at the bottom of the fixing frame 751. A slide bar is fixed to the top surface of the connecting plate 757. The sliding sleeve 759 is recessed and slidably mounted on the outside of the slide bar. An electric actuator 755 is fixed to the through connecting plate 754. The electric actuator 755 is located above the slide plate 756, and the drive end of the electric actuator 755 is fixed to the side wall of the fixing frame 751.

[0023] Specifically, during welding, the drive motor drives the drive gear 753 to rotate. Since the drive gear 753 meshes with the gear ring 72, when the drive gear 753 rotates, it drives the slider 752 to make a circular motion along the path of the gear ring 72, which in turn drives the welding gun to make a circular motion path. The electric push rod 755 drives the slide plate 756 to slide, which can drive the fixed frame 751 to move adaptively. At the same time, the sliding sleeve 759 moves along the surface of the slide bar to adjust the horizontal position of the welding gun. Through the circular movement path of the slider 752, the welding gun is driven to realize the circular path welding operation, thereby welding the rear cover and the bridge housing.

[0024] A stabilizing concave ring 74 is fixed around the periphery of the base plate 73, and a stabilizing roller 758 is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the connecting plate 757. The stabilizing roller 758 is located inside the stabilizing concave ring 74.

[0025] Specifically, as the slider 752 moves, the stabilizing roller 758 rolls within the stabilizing concave ring 74, improving the stability of the fixing frame 751 and thus improving the stability of the welding process of the welding gun.

[0026] The blowing assembly 76 includes a fixed base 761, in which a blowing air knife 762 is rotatably mounted via a shaft. The bottom of the blowing air knife 762 is provided with an air outlet 764. One end of the shaft of the blowing air knife 762 is fixed with a rotating disk 765. A mounting base 766 is fixed on one side of the fixed base 761 corresponding to the rotating disk 765. A positioning rod 767 for limiting the rotation disk 765 is slidably mounted through the mounting base 766.

[0027] Specifically, the air blower 762 adjusts its tilt via a shaft to align with the welding area. As the slider 752 moves, the air outlet 764 first blows and cleans the welding area.

[0028] The fixed base 761 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 751 via the connecting rod 763. The positioning rod 767 includes a sliding rod, a spring and a pressing end. The spring is sleeved outside the pressing end and is located between the pressing end and the mounting base 766.

[0029] Specifically, when the blower blade 762 is tilted, the rotating disk 765 rotates accordingly. Before adjustment, pulling the sliding rod causes the spring to compress, and the pressing end does not contact the rotating disk 765. After adjustment, the spring returns to its original position, causing the pressing end to press against the rotating disk 765. Thus, the positioning rod 767 fixes the rotating disk 765, thereby fixing the angle of the air outlet 764.

[0030] The clamping assembly 77 includes a pressure plate 771. The outer edge of the pressure plate 771 has several shaft grooves 772, and a pressure rod 774 is movably connected to the shaft grooves 772 via a spring-loaded return shaft 773. A connecting plate 775 is fixed to the top of the pressure plate 771, and the pressure plate 771 is fixed to the bottom surface of the base plate 73 via the connecting plate 775.

[0031] Specifically, the rear cover is sleeved with the axle housing, and the pressure plate 771 presses it tightly on top. At the same time, multiple pressure rods 774, under the action of the spring return shaft 773, adaptively adhere to the surface of the rear cover to fix the rear cover, so that the rear cover remains stable during the welding process. It adaptively compensates for the flatness error of the axle housing and the rear cover and the welding thermal deformation, ensures that the clamping force at each point is uniform, avoids local warping and false pressure, and the multi-point elastic clamping can effectively suppress the warping of the rear cover caused by welding thermal stress. At the same time, it buffers the vibration during the welding process and prevents the welding gun trajectory from deviating and the weld formation from being uneven.

[0032] The present invention discloses a welding and fixing device for a rear cover of an axle housing. In use, the axle housing is first fixed, with the middle part of the axle housing sleeved on the outside of the hydraulic chuck 3. The hydraulic chuck 3 provides internal support and fixation for the axle housing. Two sets of hydraulic clamps 4 fix both ends of the axle housing. Then, the rear cover to be welded is sleeved onto the axle housing.

[0033] Subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder 6 moves down, causing the pressure plate 771 to press against the top of the rear cover. At the same time, multiple pressure rods 774, under the action of the spring return shaft 773, adapt to the surface of the rear cover, thus fixing the rear cover.

[0034] During the assembly of the welding gun, it is fixed to the mounting bracket 751 to ensure that the welding part meets the welding spacing. During welding, the drive motor drives the drive gear 753 to rotate. The drive gear 753 meshes with the gear ring 72. When the drive gear 753 rotates, it moves along the path of the gear ring 72, causing the slider 752 to make a circular motion, which in turn causes the welding gun to make a circular motion path. The electric push rod 755 drives the slide plate 756 to slide, which can cause the mounting bracket 751 to move adaptively. At the same time, the sliding sleeve 759 moves along the surface of the slide bar to adjust the horizontal position of the welding gun. Through the circular movement path of the slider 752, the welding gun is driven to perform a circular path welding operation, thereby welding the rear cover and the bridge housing. The bridge housing does not need to rotate during the entire welding process.

[0035] When welding the area between the bridge housing and the rear cover, the area is first treated by the blowing assembly 76. The tilt angle of the blowing air knife 762 is adjusted so that it can be aimed at the welding area when blowing downwards. After the blowing air knife 762 is connected to an external air source, the air is exhausted through the air outlet 764 to pre-blow away impurities such as iron filings, oxide scale, oil stains, dust, and welding slag residue in the welding area. Then the welding gun performs the welding operation, thereby improving the welding quality.

[0036] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device, comprising a chassis (1), a welding table (2) fixed on the top surface of the chassis (1), and a hydraulic chuck (3) and two sets of hydraulic clamps (4) fixed on the top of the welding table (2), and a bracket (5) fixed at the rear of the chassis (1), and a hydraulic cylinder (6) fixed on the bracket (5), characterized in that, The drive end of the hydraulic cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to a ring welding mechanism (7). The ring welding mechanism (7) includes a base plate (73), a toothed ring (72) is fixed on the top surface of the base plate (73), and an annular rail (71) is fixed on the top surface of the toothed ring (72). A moving component (75) is slidably installed on the outside of the annular rail (71), and a blowing component (76) is fixed on one side of the moving component (75). A pressing component (77) is fixed on the bottom surface of the base plate (73).

2. The bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sets of hydraulic clamps (4) are located on both sides of the hydraulic chuck (3), and there are two hydraulic clamps (4) in each set, which are symmetrically distributed.

3. The bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving component (75) includes a slider (752) adapted to the annular rail (71). A connecting plate (754) is fixedly connected to one side of the slider (752). A sliding plate (756) is slidably installed through one side of the connecting plate (754). A fixing frame (751) is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding plate (756) away from the connecting plate (754). A connecting plate (757) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate (754). A sliding sleeve (759) is slidably connected to the top surface of the connecting plate (757). One end of the sliding sleeve (759) is fixed to one side of the fixing frame (751). A drive motor is fixedly connected to the top surface of the slider (752) away from the connecting plate (754). The drive shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to an active gear (753) that meshes with the gear ring (72).

4. The bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the fixing frame (751) is clamped and fixed with a welding gun, the top surface of the connecting plate (757) is fixed with a slide bar, the slide sleeve (759) is recessed and slides on the outside of the slide bar.

5. The bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, An electric actuator (755) is fixed through the connecting plate (754). The electric actuator (755) is located above the slide plate (756), and the driving end of the electric actuator (755) is fixed to the side wall of the fixing frame (751).

6. The bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A stabilizing concave ring (74) is fixed around the periphery of the base plate (73), and a stabilizing roller (758) is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the connecting plate (757). The stabilizing roller (758) is located inside the stabilizing concave ring (74).

7. The bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blowing assembly (76) includes a fixed base (761), a blowing air knife (762) is rotatably mounted in the fixed base (761) via a shaft, an air outlet (764) is provided at the bottom of the blowing air knife (762), a rotating disk (765) is fixed at one end of the shaft of the blowing air knife (762), a mounting base (766) is fixed on one side of the fixed base (761) corresponding to the rotating disk (765), and a positioning rod (767) for limiting the rotating disk (765) is slidably mounted through the mounting base (766).

8. The bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixed base (761) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (751) via the connecting rod (763). The positioning rod (767) includes a sliding rod, a spring and a pressing end. The spring is sleeved outside the pressing end and is located between the pressing end and the mounting base (766).

9. The bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (77) includes a pressure plate (771), and the outer edge of the pressure plate (771) is provided with a plurality of shaft grooves (772), and a pressure rod (774) is movably connected in the shaft grooves (772) through a spring return shaft (773).

10. The bridge housing rear cover welding and fixing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top of the pressure plate (771) is fixed with a connecting plate (775), and the pressure plate (771) is fixed to the bottom surface of the base plate (73) through the connecting plate (775).

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