A side-tipping dump truck body and its unloading method
By designing an off-center load balancing mechanism and a cargo box structure in the side-tipping dump truck, the structural durability problem caused by uneven gravity load during unloading is solved, achieving uniform load distribution and stress reduction, and extending the service life of the vehicle body.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGYUAN HONGSHUN AUTOMOBILE CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
During the unloading process, the uneven distribution of gravity load on the side-tipping dump truck can lead to structural durability issues, especially cracking of key structures on the tipping side, which affects its service life.
Design a side-tipping dump truck body, adopting an off-center load balancing mechanism and a truck bed structure. The thrust of the hydraulic lifting mechanism is decomposed into a supporting component and a tipping component through a load hinge seat. The load is evenly distributed to the non-tilting side using support beams and load-bearing shafts. Combined with elliptical movable holes and load-bearing springs, buffering and adaptive adjustment are provided to reduce the peak stress on the tipping side.
It achieves active balanced distribution of unloading load, significantly reduces peak stress and fatigue cracking risk in key structures on the overturning side, extends vehicle body life by more than 2 times, and improves structural durability.
Smart Images
Figure CN122300341A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering transport vehicle technology, specifically to a side-tipping dump truck body and its unloading method, which is particularly suitable for short-distance transfer scenarios of bulk materials in mines, ports, construction sites, etc. in the field of high-end equipment manufacturing. Background Technology
[0002] Side-tipping dump trucks are specialized transport vehicles that use a hydraulic lifting mechanism to tilt the cargo box to one side, allowing materials to be unloaded by gravity. They are widely used in short-distance transport of bulk materials in mines, ports, construction sites, and other similar scenarios. Compared to rear-tipping dump trucks, they have a shorter lifting stroke, smaller center of gravity shift, and greater advantages in unloading stability and adaptability to long cargo boxes, making them the mainstream structural form for semi-trailer dump trucks.
[0003] Side-tipping dump trucks have long suffered from a prominent structural durability issue in actual use. Statistics show that after about two years of use, many side-tipping dump trucks in operation are prone to cracking in components such as the tipping beam, subframe longitudinal beams, diagonal braces, and suspension supports, sometimes even leading to the complete failure of the chassis. Mechanical analysis and fault tracing studies of failed vehicles have revealed that the root cause lies in the asymmetrical concentration of loads during unloading. Specifically, when fully loaded and performing side-tipping unloading, the hydraulic lifting cylinders lift the truck bed from one side. At this point, the entire weight of the truck bed and its cargo is no longer evenly distributed across the entire chassis, but rather almost entirely acts on the diagonal braces, tipping beam, subframe, and lifting cylinder supports on the tipping side.
[0004] During unloading, the peak stress at key nodes on the tipping side can reach 3 to 5 times that under normal operating conditions, with extremely significant stress concentration. Meanwhile, the non-tilting side bears almost no unloading load and remains idle. This extremely uneven load distribution causes the tipping side structure to experience high-amplitude alternating stress with each unloading cycle, drastically reducing fatigue life. This leads to cracks appearing in stress-sensitive areas such as the weld heat-affected zone and abrupt section changes. Initially, these cracks appear as microcracks, gradually expanding with repeated unloading cycles until they penetrate the base material, causing irreversible structural damage and rendering the structure unusable. This is particularly pronounced when transporting high-density materials such as ore and coal.
[0005] In response to the aforementioned structural durability issues caused by uneven distribution of gravity loads during the side-tipping unloading process, this invention designs a side-tipping dump truck body and its unloading method. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a side-tipping dump truck body and its unloading method, which can effectively alleviate the problem of structural durability caused by uneven distribution of gravity load during the side-tipping unloading process in the prior art.
[0007] The technical problem to be alleviated by the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: This invention relates to a side-tipping dump truck body, comprising a frame assembly, an off-center load balancing mechanism, and a truck bed. The truck bed has a row of connecting parts on its non-tipping side, and each connecting part is fitted with an off-center load balancing mechanism between itself and the frame assembly. The off-center load balancing mechanism provides support on the non-tipping side, enabling it to bear approximately half of the weight. The frame assembly provides the basic load-bearing framework and support for the side-tipping dump truck body. The row of connecting parts provides multiple hinge points, allowing the off-center load balancing mechanism to provide multi-point support along the length of the truck bed, thus preventing excessive stress on a single point. In order to decompose the linear thrust of the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic lifting mechanism into a tilting force F1 and a vertical support force F2, the off-center load balancing mechanism is designed with a load hinge seat. The connecting part is hinged to the load hinge seat for providing the tilting force F1 and the vertical support force F2. The center of the load hinge seat is always located below the inner side of the connecting part. The bottom of the load hinge seat is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting mechanism, and the hydraulic lifting mechanism serves as the power source for the load hinge seat. The off-center load balancing mechanism, as the core load transfer component, realizes the function of guiding part of the load on the tilting side to the non-tilting side. When the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting mechanism extends actively, it directly drives the load hinge seat to move upward, thereby lifting the truck bed. The core force reasoning process described above is described in detail as follows: During the rollover process, the linear thrust F provided by each hydraulic cylinder... max It must be greater than the minimum thrust required to keep the cylinder stationary at that point, i.e., the linear thrust F of the hydraulic cylinder. maxIn addition to counteracting the gravitational load G, the truck bed also needs a net moment M1 to generate the power required for overturning. The equivalent tangential force of this net moment M1 is the overturning force F1, and G=F2. This overturning force F1 causes the non-overturning side of the truck bed to overturn with the overturning side of the truck bed as the center. Further explanation: the overturning force F1 can be decomposed into a horizontal outward thrust F3 and a vertical upward thrust F4. Since the truck bed will be subjected to the horizontal outward thrust F3 from its non-overturning side, it will also be subjected to a constraint reaction force F5 from its overturning side. Furthermore, the horizontal outward thrust F3 and the constraint reaction force F5 are decomposed into a horizontal force directed towards the overturning side. The components F6 cancel each other out because the connection on the tipping side of the truck bed is hinged, meaning it can only rotate and not move. Therefore, the direction of the tipping force F1 applied by the hydraulic cylinder and the load hinge seat to the connection part of the truck bed not only coincides with the center line of the hydraulic cylinder but also tilts outward. Consequently, the line connecting the center of the load hinge seat and the center of the connection part can only tilt outward as well, because all three are on the same straight line. Ultimately, this results in the center of the load hinge seat always being located below the inner side of the connection part during the early stage of tipping, ensuring that the linear thrust of the hydraulic cylinder is tilted outward. The early stage of tipping refers to the period before the unloading degree exceeds half. To further simplify, the tipping force F1 is a linear thrust F max The net force that effectively propels the overturning comes from the torque generated by the overturning force F1 on that point; gravity G refers to the gravitational load on the connecting part; gravity G is mainly 30% to 50% of the total weight of the truck bed and materials. To provide a rigid mounting base for the hydraulic lifting mechanism and the off-center load balancing mechanism, and to evenly transmit pressure from the non-overturning side to the frame assembly, a support beam for evenly distributing the gravity load is fixedly mounted on the non-overturning side of the frame assembly. A load-bearing shaft is rotatably fitted on the support beam. At least two hydraulic lifting mechanisms are evenly fixedly mounted on the periphery of the load-bearing shaft. The function of the load-bearing shaft is to enable the hydraulic lifting mechanisms mounted on it to adaptively rotate as the lifting angle of the truck bed changes, while avoiding rigid interference. At the same time, the connecting part and the load hinge seat are also hinged to maintain the optimal force application angle at all times. Multiple hydraulic lifting mechanisms are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the load-bearing shaft, so that the lifting force is evenly distributed on the non-overturning side, avoiding single-point overload.
[0008] Preferably, an off-center tilting seat is assembled between the frame assembly and the truck bed on the tilting side; the off-center tilting seat includes a tilting hinge; the tilting hinge has an elliptical movable hole; a tilting shaft is fixedly installed on the tilting side of the truck bed; the circumferential side of the tilting shaft is movably engaged with the inner wall of the elliptical movable hole; its function is that the tilting hinge is fixedly installed on the frame assembly, providing a stable support foundation for the tilting side of the truck bed; the elliptical movable hole and the tilting shaft of the truck bed are movably engaged, so that the tilting shaft can both rotate around the axis and generate a preset displacement stroke along the major axis of the ellipse in the hole, thereby providing buffer space and adaptive adjustment capability for the truck bed during the side-tilting unloading process, avoiding rigid jamming; at the same time, the matching design of the elliptical movable hole and the tilting shaft, through "micro axial movement", achieves better manufacturability and reliability, which is not only a common tolerance design method in engineering equipment and reduces the requirements for the machining accuracy and assembly alignment of parts, but also realizes the function of the hydraulic lifting mechanism to dynamically adjust the load distribution according to the position of the tilting shaft in the hole.
[0009] Preferably, in order to limit the upper limit of the force on the tilting side of the frame assembly, and to ensure that the tilting side structure operates within a safe load range and avoids permanent damage due to excessive force, a row of load-bearing springs is designed to be evenly fitted axially between the inner bottom wall of the tilting hinge and the tilting shaft; a row of bearings is fixedly installed axially on the circumferential side of the tilting shaft; the outer ring of the bearings is fixedly installed to the top of the load-bearing springs; the function of the load-bearing springs is to limit the peak force on the tilting side of the frame assembly and control the load on the tilting side structure within the safe range permitted by its fatigue strength; the function of the bearings is to reduce the friction between the tilting shaft and the load-bearing springs, making the truck bed tilt smoother, and at the same time to evenly transmit the reaction force of the load-bearing springs to the tilting shaft.
[0010] Preferably, wear-resistant bushings are provided between the two ends of the flip shaft and the inner wall of the elliptical movable hole, and elliptical limiting rings are fixedly installed at both ends of the flip hinge seat; the wear-resistant bushings, as sacrificial wear-resistant parts, protect the flip shaft and the flip hinge seat base, extend the service life, and are easy to replace.
[0011] Preferably, the centerline of the elliptical movable hole is vertical or inclined inward.
[0012] Preferably, the off-center load balancing mechanism further includes a balancing limiting beam; the frame assembly is fixedly installed on one side of the hydraulic lifting mechanism with a balancing limiting beam for limiting the attitude angle of the piston rod and the load hinge seat, so that the piston rod and the load hinge seat are always tilted outward; its function is to ensure that the extension direction of the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting mechanism is constrained within a preset tilt angle during the lifting process, so as to avoid the failure of the off-center load balancing mechanism due to lateral force during the rollover process, that is, to prevent the thrust of the hydraulic lifting mechanism from changing from tilted outward to tilted inward, which would cause the off-center load balancing mechanism to fail and thus be unable to share the gravity load of the tilted truck bed.
[0013] Preferably, the support beam is rigidly connected to at least two connecting columns at a uniform position near its outer end; the bottom of each connecting column is fixedly connected to the frame assembly; the support beam and connecting columns together form a rigid cantilever beam structure designed on the frame assembly; by adjusting the prefabricated height of the connecting columns before production, the installation height of the support beam on the frame assembly can be precisely set, thereby ensuring that the initial tilt angle of the hydraulic lifting mechanism matches the connection part of the truck bed; at the same time, the cantilever beam structure is a rigid load-bearing foundation, and the design of multiple uniformly arranged connecting columns disperses the load at the cantilever end to the crossbeams and longitudinal beams of the frame, effectively preventing local stress concentration and ensuring the support stiffness and load distribution uniformity on the non-overturning side.
[0014] Preferably, a first load balancing plate is fixedly installed on the top of the truck bed on the non-tilting side; the bottom of the first load balancing plate and the bottom of the truck bed form a first unloading channel; its function is to guide the gravity part of the material above to the center of the bottom of the truck bed, reducing the lateral pressure of the material on the tilting side wall; at the same time, the function of the first unloading channel is to avoid the first load balancing plate causing too much obstruction to the unloading of the material.
[0015] Preferably, a second load balancing plate is rotatably connected to the top of the truck bed on the non-overturning side; the top of the second load balancing plate and the pivot of the top of the truck bed are rotatably fitted, and a pre-tightening resistance mechanism is provided at the rotatable fit, so that the second load balancing plate can only overcome the resistance and rotate open when subjected to a driving force exceeding a preset threshold; the bottom of the second load balancing plate and the bottom of the truck bed form a second unloading channel; the function of the second load balancing plate is that when the truck bed is tilted at a low angle, the pressure difference on both sides of the second load balancing plate is insufficient to make it rotate, thereby guiding the gravity portion of the material above to the center of the bottom of the truck bed; when the truck bed is tilted at a high angle, while some material has been unloaded from the second unloading channel, the pressure difference on its side reaches the driving force of the preset threshold, causing it to rotate; thus ensuring the smoothness of unloading.
[0016] A method for unloading materials from a side-tipping dump truck includes the following steps: S1. Open the side door of the truck bed in advance or make the side door openable, start the hydraulic lifting mechanism, extend its piston rod, push the corresponding load hinge seat, and the load hinge seat then lifts the connection part of the truck bed, so that the truck bed begins to tilt to the tipping side. S2. During the tilting process of the truck bed, the off-center load balancing mechanism transfers part of the unloading load to the non-tilting side of the frame assembly through the load hinge seat. At the same time, the support beam and load-bearing shaft serve as the installation base, providing evenly distributed support for each of the hydraulic lifting mechanisms, so that each hydraulic lifting mechanism is subjected to uniform force and moves synchronously during the lifting process. S3. The truck bed continues to tilt to a preset angle, and the tilting shaft on the tilting side moves and engages in the elliptical movable hole, while the load-bearing spring provides support and buffering on the tilting side. S4. The material is unloaded from the side door of the truck bed. After unloading is completed, the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting mechanism retracts and the truck bed is reset.
[0017] This unloading method achieves balanced load distribution during the unloading process, reduces peak stress on the overturning side, and extends the vehicle body's lifespan.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. The side-tipping dump truck body of the present invention, through the design of an off-center load balancing mechanism, achieves active and balanced distribution of unloading load, which has the advantage of significantly reducing the peak stress and fatigue cracking risk of key structures on the tipping side. The specific design principle is as follows: by setting the center of the load hinge seat on the inner lower part of the connection, the thrust of the hydraulic lifting mechanism is decomposed into an upward supporting component and a horizontal outward tipping component. The supporting component is transmitted to the non-tilting side frame through the support beam and the load-bearing shaft, thereby actively diverting about 30% to 50% of the load originally concentrated on the tipping side. Multiple hydraulic lifting mechanisms are evenly distributed along the load-bearing shaft, further ensuring the consistency of lifting force and load distribution, eliminating the cracking problem caused by asymmetric high stress from the root, and extending the service life of the vehicle body by more than 2 times.
[0019] 2. This invention achieves the function of dynamically adjusting the load distribution of the hydraulic lifting mechanism according to the position of the tilting shaft in the hole by cooperating with the elliptical movable hole and the load-bearing spring. At the same time, the axial movement provided by the elliptical movable hole allows for the assembly error and thermal deformation of the tilting hinge and the truck bed, avoids jamming, and reduces the dependence on machining accuracy.
[0020] 3. The present invention, through the design of the first load balancing plate or the second load balancing plate, guides the gravity portion of the material in the upper part of the truck bed to the center of the bottom of the truck bed, reducing the lateral pressure of the material on the side wall of the tipping side from the non-tilting side; it has the advantage of significantly alleviating the excessive load on the tipping side caused by the material in the upper part of the truck bed being too inclined to the tipping side. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a side-tipping dump truck body in the initial stage of a side-tipping in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top-view structural diagram of the frame assembly of the present invention in Embodiment 1; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the frame assembly of the present invention in Embodiment 1 from a downward viewing angle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the partial force analysis of the body of a side-tipping dump truck and the first load balancing plate in the initial stage of side-tipping according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partial force analysis of the body of a side-tipping dump truck and the second load balancing plate in the initial stage of side-tipping according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a side-tipping dump truck body in the final stage of a side-tipping phase, as shown in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the frame assembly of the present invention in Embodiment 2.
[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Frame assembly; 2. Off-center load balancing mechanism; 3. Truck bed; 4. Off-center load tilting seat; 101. Support beam; 102. Load-bearing shaft; 103. Connecting column; 201. Load hinge seat; 202. Hydraulic lifting mechanism; 203. Balance limit beam; 301. Connecting part; 302. Tilting shaft; 303. Bearing; 304. First load balancing plate; 305. Unloading channel; 306. Second load balancing plate; 307. Second unloading channel; 401. Tilting hinge seat; 402. Elliptical movable hole; 403. Load-bearing spring; 404. Wear-resistant bushing; 405. Elliptical limit ring. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
[0024] Example 1 Traditional side-tipping dump trucks do not have a dedicated load-bearing structure for the non-tipping side during the side-tipping unloading process, resulting in all unloading forces being concentrated on the tipping side. Therefore, the core improvement of this embodiment is that an off-center load balancing mechanism 2 is designed on the non-tipping side of the chassis assembly 1, and a hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 provides the power source for lifting and actively bearing the load for the off-center load balancing mechanism 2. This design is suitable for transporting bulk materials such as coal and ore.
[0025] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a side-tipping dump truck body in this embodiment includes a frame assembly 1, an off-center load balancing mechanism 2, and a truck bed 3; the frame assembly 1 adopts a trapezoidal frame welded from high-strength steel, with longitudinal beams and cross beams symmetrically arranged on its left and right sides; Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, the truck bed 3 has a row of connecting parts 301 on the non-overturning side, and each connecting part 301 is equipped with an off-center load balancing mechanism 2 between it and the frame assembly 1. The off-center load balancing mechanism 2 includes a load hinge seat 201. The connecting part 301 is hinged to the load hinge seat 201 for providing overturning force and vertical support force. The center of the load hinge seat 201 is always located below the inner side of the connecting part 301 in the early stage of the overturning. The bottom of the load hinge seat 201 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202, which serves as the power source for the load hinge seat 201. The frame assembly 1 has a support beam 101 fixedly installed on the non-overturning side for evenly distributing the gravity load. A load-bearing shaft 102 is rotatably fitted on the support beam 101 via bearings; three hydraulic lifting mechanisms 202 are evenly fixedly installed on the circumference of the load-bearing shaft 102; the bottom of the cylinder of each hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 is welded or bolted to the load-bearing shaft 102; the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 mainly consists of a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pump, a distribution valve, and a hydraulic oil tank: the engine drives the hydraulic pump to generate pressurized oil through the power take-off, which is distributed to the rodless chamber of each hydraulic cylinder according to the set flow rate through the distribution valve, pushing the piston rod to extend or retract synchronously, thereby realizing the lifting, holding, or lowering of the truck bed 3; the hydraulic oil tank is used to store oil and also has the functions of heat dissipation and filtration, and the pipeline connects the various components into a closed loop.
[0026] The core working principle of this embodiment is as follows: During the side-tipping unloading process, the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 extends and pushes the connecting part 301 of the truck bed 3 through the load hinge seat 201. The center of the load hinge seat 201 is always located below the inner side of the connecting part 301 in the early stage of the side-tipping, so that the thrust is decomposed into an upward supporting component and an outward tilting component. The tilting component drives the truck bed 3 to rotate around the hinge point on the tilting side, while the supporting component transfers part of the unloading load to the non-tilting side of the frame assembly 1 through the support beam 101. The three hydraulic lifting mechanisms 202 are evenly distributed on the load-bearing axle 102 to ensure the consistency of lifting force and load distribution. As a result, the load originally concentrated on the tilting side is actively diverted to the non-tilting side, achieving balanced load on both sides and effectively reducing the peak stress of the key structure on the tilting side. This significantly alleviates the problem of structural durability caused by uneven distribution of gravity load during the side-tipping unloading process.
[0027] It should be noted that, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the support beam 101 and the connecting column 103 together form a rigid cantilever beam structure designed on the frame assembly 1; and the load is distributed to the crossbeams and longitudinal beams of the frame through the cantilever end, effectively preventing local stress concentration and ensuring the support stiffness and load distribution uniformity on the non-overturning side; therefore, the design includes: at least two connecting columns 103 are uniformly and rigidly connected to the support beam 101 near the outer end; the bottom of each connecting column 103 is fixedly connected to the frame assembly 1.
[0028] It should be noted that, such as Figure 4 As shown, in order to guide the gravity portion of the material in the upper part to the center of the bottom of the bucket 3 and reduce the lateral pressure of the material on the side wall of the tipping side, a first load balancing plate 304 is fixedly installed on the top of the bucket 3 near the non-tilting side; the bottom of the first load balancing plate 304 and the bottom of the bucket 3 form a first unloading channel 305; the function of the first load balancing plate 304 is to alleviate the phenomenon of material tilting and sliding down near the non-tilting side and pressing against the tipping side in the bucket 3, and to temporarily intercept the material near the non-tilting side in the bucket 3 to avoid excessive load on that side due to excessive tendency to tipping towards the tipping side.
[0029] It should be noted that, such as Figure 5 As shown, in order to guide the gravity portion of the material in the upper part to the center of the bottom of the bucket 3 and reduce the lateral pressure of the material on the side wall of the tipping side, it can also be designed that the top of the bucket 3 is rotatably connected to the non-tilting side; the top of the second load balancing plate 306 and the rotating shaft of the top of the bucket 3 are rotatably fitted, and a pre-tightening resistance mechanism is provided at the rotatable fit, so that the second load balancing plate 306 can only overcome the resistance and rotate open when subjected to a driving force exceeding a preset threshold; the bottom of the second load balancing plate 306 and the bottom of the bucket 3 form a second unloading channel 307; similarly, the function of the second load balancing plate 306 is also to alleviate the phenomenon of material tilting and sliding down near the non-tilting side and pressing against the tipping side in the bucket 3, so as to temporarily intercept the material near the non-tilting side in the bucket 3 and avoid it from being too inclined to the tipping side, resulting in excessive load on that side.
[0030] Example 2 A more preferred technical solution based on Embodiment 1 is as follows: Figures 6 to 7 As shown, in order to provide a rotational support point on the tipping side, allowing the truck bed 3 to tip around it, while also providing cushioning and load distribution functions, an off-center tipping seat 4 is assembled between the frame assembly 1 and the truck bed 3 on the tipping side; the off-center tipping seat 4 includes a tipping hinge seat 401; the tipping hinge seat 401 has an elliptical movable hole 402; a tipping shaft 302 is fixedly installed on the tipping side of the truck bed 3; the peripheral side of the tipping shaft 302 is movably engaged with the inner wall of the elliptical movable hole 402.
[0031] It should be noted that, such as Figure 7 As shown, in order to limit the upper limit of the force on the tilting side of the frame assembly 1, so that the tilting side structure works within the safe load range and avoids permanent damage caused by excessive force, a row of load-bearing springs 403 are uniformly fitted axially between the inner bottom wall of the tilting hinge 401 and the tilting shaft 302; a row of bearings 303 are fixedly installed axially on the circumferential side of the tilting shaft 302; the outer ring of the bearings 303 is fixedly installed on the top of the load-bearing springs 403.
[0032] It should be noted that, such as Figure 7 As shown, in order to protect the base of the flip shaft 302 and the flip hinge seat 401, and to extend the service life and facilitate replacement, wear-resistant bushings 404 are provided between the two ends of the flip shaft 302 and the inner wall of the elliptical movable hole 402, and elliptical limit rings 405 are fixedly installed on both ends of the flip hinge seat 401 at the elliptical movable hole 402.
[0033] It should be noted that, such as Figure 8 As shown, the off-center load balancing mechanism 2 also includes a balancing limit beam 203; the frame assembly 1 is fixedly installed on one side of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 with a balancing limit beam 203 for limiting the attitude angle of the piston rod and the load hinge seat 201, so that the piston rod and the load hinge seat 201 are always tilted outward.
[0034] It should be noted that, such as Figure 7 As shown, the centerline of the elliptical movable hole 402 is either vertical or inclined inward. The inward inward inclination is based on its vertical centerline, with its top inclined towards the center of the frame assembly 1. The optimal inward inclination angle is 6° to 15°, more preferably 8° to 10°. Its design purpose is that during the side-tipping unloading process, the thrust direction of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 gradually changes from an upward inclination towards a vertical direction, i.e., the thrust direction of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 gradually increases from a small acute angle to a large acute angle approaching a right angle. If the centerline of the elliptical movable hole 402 is set vertically, the tilting shaft 302 in the truck bed 3 and... Under the weight of the material, it will be vertical and press completely against the load-bearing spring 603 and the tilting hinge 601, causing the load-bearing spring 603 to bear a high weight load, or the tilting hinge 601 to bear a high force from the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 toward the non-tilting side in order to pull the tilting shaft 302 to the inner top of the elliptical movable hole 402. In this state, not only are higher requirements placed on the lifting capacity of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202, but also a greater burden is placed on the lateral force on the tilting hinge 601. If the load-bearing spring 603 bears a high weight load, the load distribution adjustment capability of the off-center load balancing mechanism 2 will be significantly reduced. Simply put, by tilting the centerline of the elliptical movable hole 402 inward, the required constraint reaction force F5 will be reduced in order to pull the flip shaft 302 to the inner top of the elliptical movable hole 402 so that its two ends are suspended. This reduces the lifting capacity requirement of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202, thereby improving the optimal distribution efficiency.
[0035] The off-center load balancing mechanism designed in Embodiments 1 and 2 has the advantages of achieving active balanced distribution of unloading load and reducing the peak stress and fatigue cracking risk of key structures on the tipping side; however, it also has the disadvantage that the lifting capacity requirement of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 is significantly higher than that of the lifting device in the existing side-tipping dump truck, which in turn increases the production cost of the vehicle body with the same load capacity; this can be compensated to some extent by designing multiple hydraulic lifting mechanisms 202.
[0036] Example 3 In order to achieve a balanced load distribution during the unloading process, reduce the peak stress on the tipping side, and extend the vehicle body service life through the above-mentioned vehicle body structure, an unloading method for a side-tipping dump truck body includes the following steps: S1. Open the side door of the truck bed 3 in advance or make the side door openable, start the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202, extend its piston rod, push the corresponding load hinge seat 201, and the load hinge seat 201 then lifts the connecting part 301 of the truck bed 3, so that the truck bed 3 begins to tilt to the overturning side. S2. During the tilting process of the truck bed 3, the off-center load balancing mechanism 2 transfers part of the unloading load to the non-tilting side of the frame assembly 1 through the load hinge seat 201. At the same time, the support beam 101 and the load-bearing shaft 102 serve as the installation base, providing evenly distributed support for each hydraulic lifting mechanism 202, so that each hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 is subjected to uniform force and moves synchronously during the lifting process. S3, the truck bed 3 continues to tilt to the preset angle, the tilting shaft 302 on the tilting side moves and engages in the elliptical movable hole 402, and the load-bearing spring 403 provides support and buffering on the tilting side; S4. The material is unloaded from the side door of the truck bed 3. After unloading is completed, the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting mechanism 202 retracts and the truck bed 3 is reset.
[0037] In step S1, if the side door of the truck bed 3 is an existing design that is linked to the lifting action, then it is only necessary to adjust the side door to the openable state; otherwise, the side door needs to be opened in advance to facilitate the subsequent unloading operation.
[0038] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed application.
Claims
1. A roll-off truck body comprising a frame assembly (1); characterized in that, It also includes an off-center load balancing mechanism (2) and a truck bed (3); The truck bed (3) has a row of connecting parts (301) on the non-overturning side, and each connecting part (301) is equipped with an off-center load balancing mechanism (2) between it and the frame assembly (1). The off-center load balancing mechanism (2) includes a load hinge seat (201) and a hydraulic lifting mechanism (202); the connecting part (301) is hinged to a load hinge seat (201) for providing overturning force and vertical support force, and the center of the load hinge seat (201) is always located below the inner side of the connecting part (301); the bottom of the load hinge seat (201) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting mechanism (202), and the hydraulic lifting mechanism (202) serves as the power source of the load hinge seat (201); The frame assembly (1) has a support beam (101) fixedly installed on the non-overturning side for uniformly distributing the gravity load, and a load-bearing shaft (102) is rotatably fitted on the support beam (101); at least two hydraulic lifting mechanisms (202) are uniformly fixedly installed on the periphery of the load-bearing shaft (102).
2. A side-tipping dump body as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that, An off-center tilting seat (4) is assembled between the frame assembly (1) and the truck bed (3) on the tilting side; the off-center tilting seat (4) includes a tilting hinge seat (401); the tilting hinge seat (401) has an elliptical movable hole (402); the truck bed (3) has a tilting shaft (302) fixedly installed on the tilting side; the circumferential side of the tilting shaft (302) is in movable engagement with the inner wall of the elliptical movable hole (402).
3. The side-tipping dump truck body as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A row of load-bearing springs (403) is evenly fitted axially between the inner bottom wall of the flip hinge (401) and the flip shaft (302); a row of bearings (303) is fixedly installed axially on the circumferential side of the flip shaft (302); the outer ring of the bearing (303) is fixedly installed on the top of the load-bearing spring (403).
4. The side-tipping dump truck body as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Wear-resistant bushings (404) are provided between the two ends of the flipping shaft (302) and the inner wall of the elliptical movable hole (402), and elliptical limiting rings (405) are fixedly installed at both ends of the flipping hinge (401) in the elliptical movable hole (402).
5. The side-tipping dump truck body as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The centerline of the elliptical movable hole (402) is either vertical or inclined inward.
6. The side-tipping dump truck body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The off-center load balancing mechanism (2) also includes a balancing limit beam (203); the frame assembly (1) is fixedly installed on one side of the hydraulic lifting mechanism (202) with a balancing limit beam (203) for limiting the attitude angle of the piston rod and the load hinge seat (201), so that the piston rod and the load hinge seat (201) are always tilted outward.
7. The side-tipping dump truck body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support beam (101) is rigidly connected to at least two connecting columns (103) at a position near the outer end; the bottom of each connecting column (103) is fixedly connected to the frame assembly (1).
8. The side-tipping dump truck body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A first load balancing plate (304) is fixedly installed on the top of the truck bed (3) on the non-overturning side; the bottom of the first load balancing plate (304) and the bottom of the truck bed (3) form a first unloading channel (305).
9. The side-tipping dump truck body as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the truck bed (3) is rotatably connected to a second load balancing plate (306) on the non-overturning side; the top of the second load balancing plate (306) and the pivot of the top of the truck bed (3) are rotatably connected, and a pre-tightening resistance mechanism is provided at the rotatable connection so that the second load balancing plate (306) can only overcome the resistance and rotate open when subjected to a driving force exceeding a preset threshold; the bottom of the second load balancing plate (306) and the bottom of the truck bed (3) form a second unloading channel (307).
10. A method for unloading material from a side-tipping dump truck body, characterized in that, Using a side-tipping dump truck body as described in any one of claims 1-9, the unloading method includes the following steps: S1. Open the side door of the truck bed (3) in advance or make the side door openable, and start the hydraulic lifting mechanism (202). Its piston rod extends and pushes the corresponding load hinge seat (201). The load hinge seat (201) then lifts the connecting part (301) of the truck bed (3), so that the truck bed (3) begins to tilt to the overturning side. S2. During the tilting process of the truck bed (3), the off-center load balancing mechanism (2) transfers part of the unloading load to the non-tilting side of the frame assembly (1) through the load hinge seat (201). At the same time, the support beam (101) and the load-bearing shaft (102) serve as the installation base, providing evenly distributed support for each of the hydraulic lifting mechanisms (202), so that each hydraulic lifting mechanism (202) is subjected to uniform force and moves synchronously during the lifting process. S3. The truck bed (3) continues to tilt to a preset angle, and the tilting shaft (302) on the tilting side is movable in the elliptical movable hole (402). The load-bearing spring (403) provides support and buffering on the tilting side. S4. The material is unloaded from the side door of the truck bed (3). After unloading is completed, the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting mechanism (202) retracts and the truck bed (3) is reset.