A method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions, belonging to the field of yarn preparation technology. The invention includes the following steps: Step a: Flame-retardant polyester fibers and silver-impregnated zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fibers are subjected to antistatic padding treatment, controlling the moisture regain at 4%-6%; Step b: A multi-layer web-laying machine is used to construct a three-layer fiber web structure of "flame-retardant fiber - antibacterial fiber - flame-retardant fiber", wherein the flame-retardant fiber accounts for 70%-85% of the total mass, and the antibacterial fiber accounts for 15%-30%. The yarn produced by this invention has a gradient structure. From the raw material pretreatment, each step is closely linked. Utilizing the structure of "flame-retardant core layer - antibacterial intermediate layer - flame-retardant surface layer," the antibacterial components are effectively protected, greatly improving wash resistance. Simultaneously, the rationally distributed flame-retardant components can quickly form a char layer upon contact with fire to isolate oxygen, significantly improving safety and providing reliable protection for applications in special scenarios, meeting the demands of today's market.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of yarn preparation technology, and in particular to a method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions. Background Technology

[0002] In the textile industry, the performance requirements for yarns are becoming increasingly stringent, especially in places with strict safety and hygiene requirements, such as hospitals, schools, and public places. Yarns with antibacterial and flame-retardant properties are widely used. These yarns are used to make various textiles, such as curtains, bedding, and clothing, to ensure the safety and hygiene of the environment in which they are used.

[0003] On the one hand, in traditional yarn preparation methods with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions, the antibacterial components are easily lost during washing, resulting in the antibacterial function not lasting. This is because the antibacterial components are mostly directly attached to the yarn surface without an effective protective structure. After repeated washing, the antibacterial components gradually fall off. On the other hand, the flame-retardant components of some yarns are not distributed reasonably, and they cannot quickly and effectively form an oxygen-isolated char layer when exposed to fire, posing a safety hazard and failing to meet the needs of today's market.

[0004] To address these issues, we provide a method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant properties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions. By combining gradient structure design with precise post-processing, the method solves the problems of insufficient antibacterial function and inadequate flame-retardant safety in existing yarn preparation methods.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention relates to a method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions, comprising the following steps: Step a: Antistatic padding treatment is performed on flame-retardant polyester fibers and silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fibers, controlling the moisture regain at 4%-6%; Step b: A three-layer fiber web structure of "flame-retardant fiber-antibacterial fiber-flame-retardant fiber" is constructed using a multi-layer web laying machine, wherein the flame-retardant fiber accounts for 70%-85% of the total mass and the antibacterial fiber accounts for 15%-30%; Step c: The above fiber web is fed into an air-jet vortex spinning machine, with flame-retardant filaments as the core yarn and the fiber web as the outer sheath fiber, forming a gradient structure yarn of "flame-retardant core layer-antibacterial intermediate layer-flame-retardant surface layer" under negative pressure guidance; Step d: Heat setting treatment is performed at 110℃-120℃ for 30-45 seconds to obtain the finished yarn.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that the flame-retardant polyester fiber has a limiting oxygen index ≥32%, a length of 38-51 mm, and a linear density of 1.33-2.22 dtex; and the silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fiber has a silver content of 500-1000 ppm, an antibacterial rate ≥99%, a length of 38-51 mm, and a linear density of 1.33-2.22 dtex.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the antistatic padding treatment uses an aqueous solution containing antistatic agent SN with a concentration of 2-5 g / L, a padding temperature of 35-45℃, a roll residue rate of 70%-80%, and a drying temperature of 75-85℃.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the three-layer structured fiber web is constructed using a three-layer web-laying machine, the first and third layers are flame-retardant polyester fibers, the middle layer is silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fibers, and the fiber web basis weight is 60-100 g / m². 2 .

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the flame-retardant filament is a flame-retardant polyester filament with a specification of 100D-200D and a limiting oxygen index ≥32%; the spindle speed of the jet vortex spinning machine is 30000-40000r / min, the diameter of the spinning cup is 48-66mm, and the negative pressure is -2500Pa--3500Pa.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the heat setting is performed by a heat setting machine, the setting temperature is 112℃-118℃, and the processing time is 35-42 seconds.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that step c further includes: after forming the gradient structure yarn, the yarn is surface-smoothed by false twisting, wherein the false twist ratio is 1.1-1.3.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that step d is followed by step e, wherein step e is to perform plasma surface treatment on the heat-set yarn, using argon plasma, with a treatment power of 100-200W, a treatment time of 30-60 seconds, and a pressure of 20-50Pa, in order to improve the hydrophilicity and antibacterial durability of the yarn surface.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that, in the three-layer fiber web, the mass ratio of flame-retardant fiber to antibacterial fiber is 75:25, and the fibers in each layer are oriented with an orientation angle of 0°-15°.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the linear density of the finished yarn is 19.7-59.1 tex, the breaking strength is ≥15 cN / tex, the limiting oxygen index is ≥30%, the antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli is ≥95%, and the antibacterial rate retention rate is ≥80% after 50 washes.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The yarn produced by this invention has a gradient structure. Starting from the pretreatment of raw materials, each step is closely linked. Utilizing the structure of "flame-retardant core layer - antibacterial intermediate layer - flame-retardant surface layer", it effectively protects the antibacterial components and greatly improves washability. At the same time, the flame-retardant components are rationally distributed, and when exposed to fire, a char layer can be quickly formed to isolate oxygen, greatly improving safety and providing reliable protection for applications in special scenarios, meeting the needs of today's market.

[0017] This invention precisely controls the parameters of each process to ensure stable yarn performance, reduce the amount of expensive functional fibers used, lower costs and be environmentally friendly. False twisting and plasma treatment respectively improve the yarn's hand feel and surface properties, taking into account both economic and environmental protection, while also meeting the practical requirements for yarn hand feel, hydrophilicity and antibacterial durability, thus satisfying the diverse needs of various textile fields. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 This invention discloses a method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions, comprising the following steps: Step a: Flame-retardant polyester fiber and silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fiber are subjected to antistatic padding treatment, controlling the moisture regain at 4%-6%, the limiting oxygen index of the flame-retardant polyester fiber ≥32%, the length 38-51mm, and the linear density 1.33-2.22dtex, and the silver content of the silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fiber 500-1000ppm, the antibacterial rate ≥99%, the length 38-51mm, and the linear density 1.33dtex. -2.22 dtex, the antistatic padding treatment uses an aqueous solution containing antistatic agent SN with a concentration of 2-5 g / L, a padding temperature of 35-45℃, a roll-off rate of 70%-80%, and a drying temperature of 75-85℃; Step b: A three-layer fiber web structure of "flame-retardant fiber-antibacterial fiber-flame-retardant fiber" is constructed using a multi-layer web laying machine. The first and third layers are flame-retardant polyester fibers, and the middle layer is silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fiber. The fiber web basis weight is 60-100 g / m².2 The yarn consists of flame-retardant fibers comprising 70%-85% of the total mass and antibacterial fibers comprising 15%-30%. Step c involves feeding the yarn web into an air-jet vortex spinning machine, using flame-retardant filaments as the core and the yarn web as the outer sheath, forming a gradient structure yarn of "flame-retardant core layer - antibacterial intermediate layer - flame-retardant surface layer" under negative pressure. The flame-retardant filaments are flame-retardant polyester filaments with specifications of 100D-200D and a limiting oxygen index ≥32%. The spindle speed of the air-jet vortex spinning machine is 30000-40000 r / min, the spinning cup diameter is 48-66 mm, and the negative pressure is -2500Pa--3500Pa. Step c also includes: after forming the gradient structure yarn, using false twisting to smooth the yarn surface, with a false twist ratio of 1.1-1.3. In the three-layer structure yarn web, the mass ratio of flame-retardant fibers to antibacterial fibers is 75:25, and each... The fibers are oriented at an angle of 0°-15°. Step d: Heat setting is performed at 110°-120°C for 30-45 seconds to obtain the finished yarn. The heat setting is performed using a heat setting machine at a temperature of 112°-118°C for 35-42 seconds. Step e follows step d, which involves plasma surface treatment of the heat-set yarn using argon plasma at a power of 100-200W for 30-60 seconds and a pressure of 20-50Pa to improve the hydrophilicity and antibacterial durability of the yarn surface. The finished yarn has a linear density of 19.7-59.1 tex, a breaking strength ≥15 cN / tex, a limiting oxygen index ≥30%, an antibacterial rate of ≥95% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and an antibacterial retention rate of ≥80% after 50 washes.

[0022] Specifically, through specific raw material processing, web construction, yarn forming, and post-processing steps, a yarn with a gradient structure is formed, solving the problems of traditional yarns such as short-lasting antibacterial properties, poor flame retardant safety, high cost, and unpleasant hand feel. This provides an effective method for preparing high-performance antibacterial and flame-retardant yarns. Key performance indicators for flame-retardant polyester fibers and silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fibers, such as limiting oxygen index, length, linear density, silver content, and antibacterial rate, have been clarified. The determination of these indicators ensures the stability and reliability of raw material performance, helping to guarantee the antibacterial and flame-retardant functions of the final yarn product. The parameters of the antistatic padding treatment are described in detail. Precise parameter control, including the composition and concentration of the padding liquor, padding temperature, roll-off rate, and drying temperature, helps improve the antistatic properties of the fiber, reduce the impact of static electricity on subsequent processing and use, and ensure smooth production. The construction method of the three-layer fiber web, the fiber composition of each layer, and the fiber web basis weight were determined. This structural design helps achieve a gradient functional distribution in the yarn, providing a structural basis for the yarn to simultaneously possess antibacterial and flame-retardant functions. Furthermore, a suitable fiber web basis weight ensures the stability of yarn quality. The specifications of the flame-retardant filament and the working parameters of the air-jet vortex spinning machine, such as spindle speed, spinning cup diameter, and negative pressure, were clarified. A suitable long... The specifications of the yarn and the parameters of the spinning machine help to form a gradient structure yarn with stable structure and excellent performance, improving the yarn forming quality. Specific parameters for heat setting, including setting temperature and processing time, are determined. Precise heat setting parameters help stabilize the yarn's shape and structure, improving its dimensional stability and physical properties. Adding a false twisting process after yarn forming, using a specific false twist ratio to smooth the yarn surface, can improve the yarn's surface quality, enhance its hand feel, and make it softer and smoother. Adding a plasma surface treatment process after heat setting, using argon gas with specific processing power, time, and pressure... Plasma enhances the hydrophilicity and antibacterial durability of the yarn surface, further optimizing yarn performance and meeting the practical requirements for durable hydrophilicity and antibacterial function. It clarifies the mass ratio of flame-retardant fibers to antibacterial fibers in the three-layer fiber web and the orientation angle of each fiber layer. A suitable mass ratio helps optimize costs while ensuring the yarn's antibacterial and flame-retardant functions. The fiber orientation arrangement helps improve the yarn's physical properties and structural stability. Key performance indicators of the finished yarn, such as linear density, breaking strength, limiting oxygen index, antibacterial rate, and antibacterial retention rate after washing, are quantified, intuitively demonstrating the yarn's excellent performance.

[0023] Workflow: Raw material pretreatment: First, flame-retardant polyester fibers and silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fibers are subjected to antistatic padding treatment. An aqueous solution containing antistatic agent SN is used as the padding solution. Padding is carried out at 35-45℃ with a roll-off rate of 70%-80%, followed by drying at 75-85℃. This step aims to reduce the fiber surface resistance, decrease static electricity generation, and control the moisture regain at 4%-6%, preparing for subsequent processing.

[0024] Web Construction: A three-layer web structure consisting of flame-retardant fiber, antibacterial fiber, and flame-retardant fiber is constructed using a multi-layer web laying machine. The first and third layers are flame-retardant polyester fibers, while the middle layer is silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fiber. The web basis weight is 60-100 g / m². 2 Furthermore, flame-retardant fibers account for 70%-85% of the total mass, and antibacterial fibers account for 15%-30%. The fibers in each layer are oriented at an angle of 0°-15°, which provides the yarn with preliminary functional distribution and structural support.

[0025] Yarn Formation: The constructed fiber web is fed into an air-jet vortex spinning machine, using flame-retardant polyester filaments with a specification of 100D-200D and a limiting oxygen index ≥32% as the core yarn, and the fiber web as the outer sheath fiber. Under conditions of spindle speed of 30000-40000 r / min, spindle cup diameter of 48-66 mm, and negative pressure of -2500Pa-3500Pa, a gradient structure yarn of "flame-retardant core layer - antibacterial intermediate layer - flame-retardant surface layer" is formed under the guidance of negative pressure.

[0026] Post-processing: Heat setting: The formed yarn is heat-set at 112℃-118℃ for 35-42 seconds using a heat setting machine to make the shape and structure of the yarn more stable.

[0027] False twisting: After forming a gradient structure yarn, false twisting is used to smooth the surface of the yarn. The false twist ratio is 1.1-1.3, which improves the surface quality of the yarn.

[0028] Plasma surface treatment: The heat-set yarn is subjected to plasma surface treatment using argon plasma. Under the conditions of treatment power of 100-200W, treatment time of 30-60 seconds, and pressure of 20-50Pa, the hydrophilicity and antibacterial durability of the yarn surface are improved.

[0029] Example 1 Functional fiber pretreatment Flame-retardant polyester staple fiber (limiting oxygen index ≥32%, length 38 mm, linear density 1.67 dtex) and silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester staple fiber (silver content 800 ppm, antibacterial rate ≥99%, length 38 mm, linear density 1.67 dtex) were subjected to antistatic padding treatment. The padding solution was an aqueous solution containing antistatic agent SN (concentration 3 g / L), the padding temperature was 40℃, the roll-off rate was 75%, and then the fibers were dried at 80℃ until the moisture regain was 5%.

[0030] Differentiated hybrid mesh laying A three-layer web-laying machine is used. The first and third layers are made of flame-retardant polyester fibers, and the middle layer is made of silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fibers. The mass ratio of each layer is: 40% flame-retardant fiber in the first layer, 20% antibacterial fiber in the middle layer, and 40% flame-retardant fiber in the third layer, forming a three-layer fiber web structure of "flame-retardant-antibacterial-flame-retardant" with a fiber basis weight of 80 g / m². 2 .

[0031] Airflow-coated spinning The three-layer fiber web was fed into a modified air-jet spinning machine (spindle speed 35000 r / min, spinning cup diameter 54 mm). Flame-retardant polyester filament (150D / 48F, limiting oxygen index ≥32%) was used as the core yarn and the fiber web was used as the outer fiber. Under negative pressure (-3000 Pa), a core-spun yarn structure was formed, resulting in a gradient structure yarn with a linear density of 29.5 tex.

[0032] Low temperature setting The yarn was treated in a heat setting machine at 115℃ for 40 seconds to form a stable cohesive force between the fibers, resulting in the finished antibacterial and flame-retardant yarn.

[0033] Example 2 Functional fiber pretreatment Flame-retardant polyester staple fiber (limiting oxygen index ≥32%, length 38 mm, linear density 1.67 dtex) and silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester staple fiber (silver content 800 ppm, antibacterial rate ≥99%, length 38 mm, linear density 1.67 dtex) were subjected to antistatic padding treatment. The padding solution was an aqueous solution containing antistatic agent SN (concentration 3 g / L), the padding temperature was 40℃, the roll-off rate was 75%, and then the fibers were dried at 80℃ until the moisture regain was 5%.

[0034] Differentiated hybrid mesh laying A three-layer web-laying machine is used. The first and third layers are made of flame-retardant polyester fibers, and the middle layer is made of silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fibers. The mass ratio of each layer is: 35% flame-retardant fiber in the first layer, 30% antibacterial fiber in the middle layer, and 35% flame-retardant fiber in the third layer, forming a three-layer fiber web structure of "flame-retardant-antibacterial-flame-retardant" with a fiber basis weight of 80 g / m².2 .

[0035] Airflow-coated spinning The three-layer fiber web was fed into a modified air-jet spinning machine (spindle speed 35000 r / min, spinning cup diameter 54 mm). Flame-retardant polyester filament (150D / 48F, limiting oxygen index ≥32%) was used as the core yarn and the fiber web was used as the outer fiber. Under negative pressure (-3000 Pa), a core-spun yarn structure was formed, resulting in a gradient structure yarn with a linear density of 29.5 tex.

[0036] Low temperature setting The yarn was treated in a heat setting machine at 110℃ for 45 seconds to form a stable cohesion between the fibers, resulting in the finished antibacterial and flame-retardant yarn.

[0037] Example 3 Functional fiber pretreatment Flame-retardant polyester staple fiber (limiting oxygen index ≥32%, length 38 mm, linear density 1.67 dtex) and silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester staple fiber (silver content 800 ppm, antibacterial rate ≥99%, length 38 mm, linear density 1.67 dtex) were subjected to antistatic padding treatment. The padding solution was an aqueous solution containing antistatic agent SN (concentration 3 g / L), the padding temperature was 40℃, the roll-off rate was 75%, and then the fibers were dried at 80℃ until the moisture regain was 5%.

[0038] Differentiated hybrid mesh laying A three-layer web-laying machine is used. The first and third layers are made of flame-retardant polyester fibers, and the middle layer is made of silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fibers. The mass ratio of each layer is: 42.5% flame-retardant fiber in the first layer, 15% antibacterial fiber in the middle layer, and 42.5% flame-retardant fiber in the third layer, forming a three-layer fiber web structure of "flame-retardant-antibacterial-flame-retardant" with a fiber basis weight of 80 g / m². 2 .

[0039] Airflow-coated spinning The three-layer fiber web was fed into a modified air-jet spinning machine (spindle speed 35000 r / min, spinning cup diameter 54 mm). Flame-retardant polyester filament (150D / 48F, limiting oxygen index ≥32%) was used as the core yarn and the fiber web was used as the outer fiber. Under negative pressure (-3000 Pa), a core-spun yarn structure was formed, resulting in a gradient structure yarn with a linear density of 29.5 tex.

[0040] Low temperature setting The yarn is treated in a heat setting machine at 120℃ for 30 seconds to form a stable cohesive force between the fibers, resulting in the finished antibacterial and flame-retardant yarn.

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation described herein. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step a: The flame-retardant polyester fiber and the silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fiber are subjected to antistatic padding treatment, and the moisture regain is controlled at 4%-6%; Step b: Using a multi-layer web laying machine, construct a three-layer fiber web structure of "flame retardant fiber - antibacterial fiber - flame retardant fiber", in which flame retardant fiber accounts for 70%-85% of the total mass and antibacterial fiber accounts for 15%-30%; Step c: Feed the above-mentioned fiber web into an air jet vortex spinning machine, using flame-retardant filaments as the core yarn and the fiber web as the outer fiber, to form a gradient structure yarn of "flame-retardant core layer - antibacterial intermediate layer - flame-retardant surface layer" under negative pressure guidance; Step d: Perform heat setting treatment at 110℃-120℃ for 30-45 seconds to obtain the finished yarn.

2. The method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame-retardant polyester fiber has a limiting oxygen index ≥32%, a length of 38-51 mm, and a linear density of 1.33-2.22 dtex. The silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fiber has a silver content of 500-1000 ppm, an antibacterial rate ≥99%, a length of 38-51 mm, and a linear density of 1.33-2.22 dtex.

3. The method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antistatic padding treatment uses an aqueous solution containing antistatic agent SN with a concentration of 2-5 g / L, a padding temperature of 35-45℃, a roll residue rate of 70%-80%, and a drying temperature of 75-85℃.

4. The method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-layer fiber web is constructed using a three-layer web-laying machine. The first and third layers are flame-retardant polyester fibers, and the middle layer is silver-loaded zirconium phosphate antibacterial modified polyester fiber. The fiber web basis weight is 60-100 g / m². 2 .

5. The method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame-retardant filament is a flame-retardant polyester filament with a specification of 100D-200D and a limiting oxygen index ≥32%; the spindle speed of the jet vortex spinning machine is 30000-40000r / min, the diameter of the spinning cup is 48-66mm, and the negative pressure is -2500Pa--3500Pa.

6. The method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat setting is performed using a heat setting machine, with a setting temperature of 112℃-118℃ and a processing time of 35-42 seconds.

7. The method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step c further includes: after forming the gradient structure yarn, performing a surface smoothing treatment on the yarn using false twisting, with a false twist ratio of 1.1-1.

3.

8. The method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step d is followed by step e, which involves plasma surface treatment of the heat-set yarn using argon plasma, with a treatment power of 100-200W, a treatment time of 30-60 seconds, and a pressure of 20-50Pa, to improve the hydrophilicity and antibacterial durability of the yarn surface.

9. The method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the three-layer fiber web, the mass ratio of flame-retardant fiber to antibacterial fiber is 75:25, and the fibers in each layer are oriented with an orientation angle of 0°-15°.

10. A method for preparing yarn with antibacterial and flame-retardant functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The finished yarn has a linear density of 19.7-59.1 tex, a breaking strength of ≥15 cN / tex, a limiting oxygen index of ≥30%, an antibacterial rate of ≥95% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and an antibacterial retention rate of ≥80% after 50 washes.

Images