An open-pit mine intelligent drilling rig with automatic dust suppression function

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of mining drilling rig technology and discloses an intelligent open-pit mine drilling rig with automatic dust suppression function. The rig includes a drilling body and a guide ring, and also includes a dust removal mechanism. The dust removal mechanism includes a dust collection hood, with a thin plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collection hood. The space between the inner wall of the dust collection hood and the thin plate is filled with encapsulated paraffin wax. A cleaning component is provided on the inner wall of the thin plate, and a suction pipe is fixedly connected to the outer side of the thin plate. A cooling mechanism is located on the outer side of the dust removal mechanism, and an adaptation mechanism is located inside the guide ring. A cyclone dust collector is connected to the inside of the dust collection hood through the suction pipe. By pre-cooling and curing the encapsulated paraffin wax, during drilling, high-temperature dust comes into contact with the low-temperature hood wall maintained by a phase change material, forming a stable temperature gradient from the center of the borehole to the hood wall. This causes dust particles to automatically migrate and adhere to the low-temperature hood wall under the action of thermophoretic force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining drilling rig technology, specifically to an intelligent open-pit mine drilling rig with automatic dust suppression function. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling in open-pit mines is a fundamental process in mining operations. The efficiency and quality of drilling operations directly affect the overall effectiveness of subsequent blasting, crushing, and transportation processes. With the continuous expansion of mining scale and increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, dust control during drilling operations has become a focus of industry attention. At the same time, the geological conditions of open-pit mines are complex and varied, with alternating layers of soft and hard rock, which places higher demands on the geological adaptability of drilling rigs.

[0003] Currently, drilling operations in open-pit mines mainly use down-the-hole drills or roller cone drills. The drill rod drives the drill bit to rotate and break the rock to achieve drilling. To solve the problem of dust generated during drilling, existing equipment is usually equipped with dust removal devices. Wet dust removal devices suppress dust by spraying water onto the drilling site, but their application is limited in water-scarce mining areas or low-temperature environments, and spraying water can affect the representativeness of rock powder samples. Dry dust removal devices usually use dust collection hoods in conjunction with cyclone dust collectors or bag dust collectors to collect dust. By placing the dust collection hood over the borehole opening, negative pressure is used to draw the dust into the dust removal equipment.

[0004] In existing technologies, the high-temperature dust generated during drilling diffuses randomly within the dust collection hood. Fine dust easily escapes from the edge of the dust collection hood, making it difficult to achieve efficient collection by relying on negative pressure suction. High-temperature dust tends to adhere and accumulate after contacting the inner wall of the dust collection hood. Failure to clean it in time will lead to blockage of the airflow channel and affect the continuous operation of the dust removal device. Therefore, an intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function, which solves the problem that high-temperature dust generated during drilling is randomly diffused within the dust collection hood, and fine dust easily escapes from the edge of the dust collection hood.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent open-pit mine drilling rig with automatic dust suppression function, comprising a drilling rig body and a guide ring, and a dust removal mechanism. The dust removal mechanism includes a dust collection hood, which is disposed at the lower end of the guide ring. A thin plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collection hood, and the space between the inner wall of the dust collection hood and the thin plate is filled with encapsulated paraffin wax. A cleaning component is disposed on the inner wall of the thin plate, and a suction pipe is fixedly connected to the outer side of the thin plate. A cooling mechanism is disposed on the outer side of the dust removal mechanism, and an adaptation mechanism is disposed inside the guide ring. A cyclone dust collector is connected to the inside of the dust collection hood through the suction pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes a fixed collar, which is fixedly disposed inside the dust collection hood. The toothed ring is rotatably disposed inside the fixed collar. The scraper is fixedly connected to the top end of the toothed ring. The scraping surface of the scraper is in contact with the surface of the thin plate. The output end of the motor is connected to a gear, which meshes with the toothed ring.

[0008] Preferably, the cooling mechanism includes a housing disposed outside the dust collection hood, the heat dissipation fins are integrated on the outer wall of the dust collection hood, the vortex tube has an air inlet, a cold air outlet and a hot air outlet, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the cold air outlet of the vortex tube and the interior of the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the adaptation mechanism includes a drill rod disposed inside the guide ring, the drilling section base disposed at the bottom end of the drill rod, the radial telescopic assembly disposed inside the drilling section base, and the output end of the radial telescopic assembly is connected to a blade.

[0010] Preferably, the radial telescopic assembly includes a connecting ring, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drilling section base. The lead screw is rotatably disposed inside the connecting ring, and the female seat is threadedly engaged with the lead screw and moves axially under the drive of the lead screw.

[0011] Preferably, the encapsulated paraffin is a phase change material, which is pre-cooled and cured by the cooling mechanism before operation, so that a temperature gradient is formed between the center of the drill hole and the thin plate during drilling.

[0012] Preferably, the outer shell and the outer wall of the dust collection hood form a cooling space, which is filled with cooling gas.

[0013] Preferably, the heat dissipation fins are provided in multiple pieces and are evenly distributed along the circumferential and axial directions of the outer wall of the dust collection cover.

[0014] Preferably, the radial telescopic assembly further includes a plurality of connecting rods, one end of which is hinged to the female seat, and the other end of which is hinged to the winglet.

[0015] Preferably, the air inlet of the vortex tube is provided with a regulating valve to regulate the intake volume of compressed air and control the flow rate of the cold air.

[0016] This invention provides an intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention solves the problem of low dust capture efficiency in traditional dust collection methods by setting encapsulated paraffin wax on the inner wall of the dust collection hood at the lower end of the guide ring and pre-cooling and curing it. During drilling, high-temperature dust comes into contact with the low-temperature hood wall maintained by the phase change material, forming a stable temperature gradient from the center of the hole to the hood wall. This causes the dust particles to automatically migrate and adhere to the low-temperature hood wall under the action of thermophoretic force. Then, the dust is intermittently scraped off by the cleaning component and collected by the cyclone dust collector.

[0017] 2. In this invention, after compressed air is introduced, the vortex tube uses the gas expansion effect to separate the cold airflow. The cold airflow then drives the heat dissipation fin array on the outer wall of the dust collection hood to quickly reduce the temperature of the encapsulated paraffin, so that the hood wall can restore the initial low temperature gradient and ensure that the thermophoretic dust suppression effect is not interrupted during long-term operation.

[0018] 3. This invention uses a motor to drive a lead screw to rotate. The rotation of the lead screw causes the mother seat to move smoothly along the axial direction. The axial movement of the mother seat then drives multiple connecting rods on the outside to push and pull the blades synchronously, causing the blades to expand outward or contract inward. In soft rock formations, the blades are driven to expand the borehole diameter and improve efficiency, while in hard rock formations, the blades are driven to shrink the borehole diameter and reduce the load, thus achieving adaptive and efficient drilling under changes in the softness and hardness of the formation and avoiding overload damage to the drill bit. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the side of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the dust suppression structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the air inlet pipe and the dust suction pipe of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dust suppression structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the retaining collar of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drill pipe of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling section structure of the drill pipe of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drilling section of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptation mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Among them, 1. drilling rig body; 2. guide ring; 3. Dust removal mechanism; 31. Thin sheet; 32. Sealing paraffin wax; 33. Dust collection hood; 34. Dust suction pipe; 35. Sweeping assembly; 351. Scraper; 352. Retaining collar; 353. Gear ring; 354. Motor; 355. Gear; 4. Cooling mechanism; 41. Outer shell; 42. Heat dissipation fins; 43. Air inlet duct; 44. Vortex tube; 45. Regulating valve; 5. Adaptive mechanism; 51. Drill pipe; 52. Drill section base; 53. Connecting ring; 54. Lead screw; 55. Female seat; 56. Connecting rod; 57. Blade; 6. Cyclone dust collector. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 2 This invention provides an intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function, including a drilling rig body 1 and a guide ring 2. The drilling rig body 1 adopts a tracked walking structure, which can adapt to the complex terrain of open-pit mines with uneven surfaces and scattered gravel, and has good passability and stability. It can quickly move to the designated drilling point, providing reliable mobility for continuous and efficient drilling operations. The guide ring 2 is installed at the drilling execution end of the drilling rig body 1, and is used to provide stable radial limit and attitude constraint for the drill rod 51, so that the drill rod 51 remains vertical throughout the drilling process, avoiding problems such as drilling position deviation and irregular hole wall caused by the shaking and tilting of the drill rod 51, ensuring the progress of drilling and subsequent blasting, and ensuring the quality of mining operations. The drilling rig also includes a dust removal mechanism 3, which is a key functional component for realizing automatic dust suppression and source dust control. It can capture and adsorb dust at the first moment of dust generation in the drilling, and centrally clean and discharge it, suppressing dust diffusion, improving the open-pit working environment, and reducing the harm of dust to equipment and personnel.

[0023] Please see the appendix Figure 3 -Appendix Figure 5The dust removal mechanism 3 includes a dust collection hood 33, which is installed at the lower end of the guide ring 2. The hood has a ring-shaped closed structure, covering the drilling area and the drill bit cutting area, confining the dust generated during drilling within the hood's interior space and preventing dust from escaping into the surrounding atmosphere and causing environmental pollution. A thin plate 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collection hood 33, forming a sealed interlayer space. The thin plate 31 also has good thermal conductivity, conducting the cold energy stored in the encapsulated paraffin wax 32 to maintain a stable low temperature on the inner wall, ensuring a continuous and stable temperature gradient between the drilling center and the hood wall. The sealed space between the inner wall of the dust collection hood 33 and the thin plate 31 is filled with encapsulated paraffin wax 32. As a phase change cold storage material, the encapsulated paraffin wax 32 can provide cold energy at low temperatures. The thin plate 31 stores a large amount of cold energy during the curing process and slowly releases the cold energy during operation, providing a continuous and stable cold source for the formation and maintenance of the temperature gradient. The inner wall of the thin plate 31 is equipped with a cleaning component 35, which intermittently scrapes and cleans the dust accumulated on the inner wall of the thin plate 31 to prevent the dust from covering the inner wall too thickly, which would obstruct the conduction of cold energy and reduce the dust suppression effect of thermophoresis, thus ensuring the dust suppression function. The outer side of the thin plate 31 is fixedly connected to a dust suction pipe 34, which serves as a dust conveying channel and can promptly transport the dust scraped off by the cleaning component 35 to the cyclone dust collector 6 to prevent the dust from being re-entrained inside the hood. The cooling mechanism 4 is located on the outside of the dust removal mechanism 3 and is used to pre-cool and cure the encapsulated paraffin 32 before operation and to replenish the cold energy in real time according to temperature changes during operation.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 4 -Appendix Figure 5The cooling mechanism 4 continuously provides pre-cooling and supplemental cooling functions for the encapsulated paraffin wax 32, ensuring that the encapsulated paraffin wax 32 maintains a cold storage state throughout the entire operation cycle, stably maintaining the temperature gradient between the borehole center and the thin plate 31, so that the thermophoretic dust suppression mechanism can continue to function. The adaptation mechanism 5 is set inside the guide ring 2, and adjusts the borehole cutting diameter according to the difference in the softness and hardness of the strata encountered during drilling. In soft rock layers, the borehole diameter is enlarged to improve drilling efficiency, and in hard rock layers, the borehole diameter is reduced to reduce the drill bit load, realizing adaptive and efficient drilling. At the same time, it protects the drill bit and extends its service life. The cyclone dust collector 6 is connected to the inside of the dust collection hood 33 through the dust suction pipe 34, which can centrifugally separate and centrally collect the dust transported by the dust suction pipe 34, realizing dust... Centralized emissions prevent dust pollution of the surrounding mining environment. The encapsulated paraffin 32, as a phase change material, solidifies and stores cold when cooled and softens and releases cold when heated, achieving efficient storage and stable release of cold energy. Before drilling begins, the cooling mechanism 4 pre-cools the encapsulated paraffin 32 to solidify it and pre-store cold energy, establishing a temperature gradient for the initial stage of operation and providing dust suppression protection. During formal drilling, the drill bit generates high-temperature dust by cutting the rock, while the inner wall of the dust collection hood 33 remains at a low temperature, thus forming a stable radial temperature gradient between the high-temperature area in the center of the borehole and the low-temperature inner wall of the thin plate 31. Under the action of thermophoretic force generated by the temperature gradient, the suspended dust particles automatically migrate to the low-temperature inner wall of the thin plate 31 and adhere to the wall surface, achieving active dust suppression without power.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 5 -Appendix Figure 6 The cleaning assembly 35 includes a fixing collar 352, which is fixedly installed inside the dust collection hood 33. The fixing collar 352 provides a mounting base and rotation guide for the toothed ring 353 and the scraper 351, ensuring that the scraper 351 moves smoothly and without deviation during rotational cleaning. The toothed ring 353 is rotatably installed inside the fixing collar 352, and under power drive, it drives the scraper 351 to rotate circumferentially along the inner wall of the thin plate 31, achieving all-around dust cleaning. The scraper 351 is fixedly connected to the top of the toothed ring 353, and its scraping surface is tightly fitted to the inner surface of the thin plate 31. The wall surface can intermittently scrape off the dust adhering to the inner wall surface of the thin plate 31 during rotation, avoiding dust residue accumulation that affects the conduction of cold energy and the dust suppression effect. The output end of the motor 354 is connected to the gear 355. The motor 354 provides continuous and stable rotational power for the cleaning action. The gear 355 meshes with the gear ring 353. Through the meshing transmission of the gear 355, the power of the motor 354 is transmitted to the gear ring 353, which drives the scraper 351 to rotate at a uniform speed, realizing intermittent dust cleaning and ensuring the continuous and stable effect of thermophoretic dust suppression.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 3 -Appendix Figure 5The cooling mechanism 4 includes a housing 41, which is wrapped around the outside of the dust collection hood 33, forming a closed cooling space together with the outer wall of the dust collection hood 33. This reduces the leakage of cold air and improves the utilization of cold energy and cooling efficiency. The heat dissipation fins 42 are integrated and fixed on the outer wall of the dust collection hood 33, which can increase the contact heat exchange area between the dust collection hood 33 and the cold air, accelerate the heat transfer speed, and improve the cooling effect on the encapsulated paraffin 32. The vortex tube 44 has an air inlet, a cold air outlet, and a hot air outlet. The vortex tube 44 can quickly separate the cold and hot air by utilizing the gas expansion effect. The air inlet pipe 43 is connected between the cold air outlet of the vortex tube 44 and the inside of the housing 41, sending the cold air generated by the vortex tube 44 into the cooling space. The cooling airflow fully envelops the heat dissipation fins 42 for efficient heat exchange. A regulating valve 45 is installed at the air inlet of the vortex tube 44 to regulate the amount of compressed air entering the vortex tube 44, thereby controlling the temperature and flow rate of the cooling airflow. The cooling intensity can be flexibly adjusted according to the working time and the temperature of the encapsulated paraffin 32 to meet the supplemental cooling needs under different working conditions. The cooling space enclosed by the outer shell 41 and the outer wall of the dust collection hood 33 is filled with cooling gas, which evenly envelops the heat dissipation fins 42 to achieve all-round uniform cooling. Multiple heat dissipation fins 42 are arranged and evenly distributed along the circumference and axial direction of the outer wall of the dust collection hood 33 to ensure uniform cooling in all areas of the dust collection hood 33, avoid local overheating that would disrupt the temperature gradient, and ensure stable and reliable thermophoretic dust suppression effect.

[0027] When cooling is required, high-pressure compressed air is introduced into the air inlet of the vortex tube 44 through the drilling rig's own compressed air pump. After entering the air inlet, the high-pressure compressed air will rotate at high speed along the guide structure inside the vortex tube 44, forming a strong vortex airflow. During the rotation, the airflow will undergo violent expansion, absorbing a large amount of heat and causing the airflow temperature to drop rapidly. After expansion and rotation, the airflow will form obvious temperature stratification inside the vortex tube 44. The cold airflow with lower temperature will gather towards the central area of ​​the vortex tube 44 under the action of centrifugal force of the airflow rotation, and will eventually be discharged through the cold airflow outlet of the vortex tube 44. The hot airflow with higher temperature will gather towards the inner wall area of ​​the vortex tube 44 under the action of centrifugal force, and will then be discharged through the hot airflow outlet of the vortex tube 44, thus achieving the separation of cold and hot airflow. By rotating the regulating valve 45 to adjust the amount of compressed air introduced into the air inlet, the flow rate and temperature of the cold airflow can be flexibly controlled.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 7 - Appendix Figure 9The adapting mechanism 5 includes a drill rod 51, which is installed inside the guide ring 2. As the core component of the drilling operation, the drill rod 51 rotates at high speed under the power of the drilling rig and drives the drill bit to achieve cutting and drilling. The drilling section base 52 is fixedly set at the bottom end of the drill rod 51, providing a stable mounting carrier for the internal radial telescopic component and the external wing 57. The radial telescopic component is installed inside the drilling section base 52 and serves as the power execution structure for the telescopic adjustment of the wing 57. Its output end is connected to the wing 57. The wing 57 can expand outward or retract inward under the drive of the radial telescopic component, thereby changing the borehole diameter in real time to adapt to the drilling needs of different strata such as soft rock and hard rock.

[0029] Please see the appendix Figure 10 The radial telescopic assembly includes a connecting ring 53, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drill section base 52. The connecting ring 53 provides stable support and axial limit for the lead screw 54, preventing axial movement and radial displacement of the lead screw 54 during rotation. The lead screw 54 is rotatably mounted inside the connecting ring 53 and rotates under the drive of the motor built into the drill pipe 51, converting rotational power into axial movement power. The female seat 55 forms a threaded engagement with the lead screw 54 and moves smoothly axially under the rotational drive of the lead screw 54. During the movement, the radial telescopic assembly synchronously drives the movement of multiple sets of connecting rods 56 on the outer side. Each connecting rod 56 has one end hinged to the base 55 and the other end hinged to the blade 57. The hinged connection allows the connecting rods 56 to rotate and swing flexibly. The multiple connecting rods 56 synchronously and collaboratively push the blade 57, so that the blade 57 is subjected to uniform force. This can ensure rapid hole expansion and efficiency improvement in soft rock layers, and timely hole shrinkage and load reduction in hard rock layers, protecting the drill bit from overload damage and improving overall drilling efficiency and equipment reliability.

[0030] Working principle: The drilling rig body 1 moves the site to the position where drilling is required. The guide ring 2 radially limits the drill rod to ensure the verticality of the hole. At this time, the drill bit 51 is installed to perform drilling operations. The adaptation mechanism 5 realizes dynamic adjustment of the drilling diameter. The dust removal mechanism 3 and the cooling mechanism 4 work together to suppress dust. Finally, the cyclone dust collector 6 completes the dust collection and discharge, ensuring that drilling operations can be carried out normally in the open-pit mine.

[0031] A dust collection hood 33 is provided at the lower end of the guide ring 2. Encapsulated paraffin wax 32 is placed in the space between the inner wall of the dust collection hood 33 and the metal sheet 31. Before operation, the encapsulated paraffin wax 32 is pre-cooled by the cooling mechanism 4 to solidify and store cold. During drilling, the drill bit generates high-temperature dust after drilling, while the inner wall of the dust collection hood 33 is kept at a low temperature due to the phase change material, forming a stable temperature gradient from the center of the hole to the hood wall. Under the action of thermophoretic force, the dust particles automatically migrate to the low-temperature hood wall and adhere to the inner wall, realizing active dust suppression. The adhered dust is cleaned intermittently by the cleaning component 35. The motor 354 drives the gear 355 to rotate, and the gear 355 drives the outer meshing gear ring 353 to rotate. With the fixed collar 352 as the outer guide protection, the scraper 351 drives the dust adhering to the hood wall of the dust collection hood 33 to be scraped off. The dust is collected and discharged in real time by the cyclone dust collector 6 connected to the suction pipe 34 to avoid secondary dust.

[0032] When the operation time is too long, the phase change material will soften, resulting in a decrease in cold storage capacity. The temperature of the inner wall of the dust collection hood 33 will rise, which will weaken the thermophoretic effect. At this time, the cooling mechanism 4 is activated. The outer wall of the dust collection hood 33 integrates heat dissipation fins 42 to increase the heat dissipation area. The outer shell 41 is used as a seal and connected to the vortex tube 44. After compressed air is introduced into the vortex tube 44, the vortex tube 44 uses the gas expansion effect to separate the cold air flow and the hot air flow. The intake volume of compressed air is adjusted by adjusting the valve 45 to control the temperature and flow rate of the cold air flow. The cold air flow enters the interior of the shell 41 through the air inlet pipe 43 and works with the array of heat dissipation fins 42 to quickly reduce the temperature of the encapsulated paraffin 32, so that the inner wall of the dust collection hood 33 can maintain a low temperature gradient again, ensuring the continuous and stable thermophoretic dust suppression effect.

[0033] To accommodate the varying hardness of different formations, the adaptation mechanism 5 at the bottom of the drill rod 51 allows for real-time adjustment of the borehole diameter. The drill section base 52 integrates a radial telescopic component. The motor integrated inside the drill rod 51 drives the lead screw 54 to rotate, causing the mother seat 55 to move axially. The movement of the mother seat 55 drives multiple connecting rods 56 on the outside to push the blades 57 to expand outward or retract inward, thereby changing the cutting diameter. When operating in soft rock formations, the blades 57 are expanded to increase the borehole diameter and improve drilling efficiency. When operating in hard rock formations, the blades 57 are retracted to reduce the borehole diameter and decrease the drill bit load, preventing drill bit overload damage.

Claims

1. An open-pit mine intelligent drilling rig with automatic dust suppression function, comprising a drilling rig body (1) and a guide ring (2), characterized in that, Also includes: The dust removal mechanism (3) includes a dust collection hood (33), which is located at the lower end of the guide ring (2). A thin plate (31) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collection hood (33). The space between the inner wall of the dust collection hood (33) and the thin plate (31) is filled with encapsulated paraffin wax (32). A cleaning component (35) is provided on the inner wall of the thin plate (31). A suction pipe (34) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the thin plate (31). A cooling mechanism (4) is provided on the outside of the dust removal mechanism (3); An adaptation mechanism (5) is disposed inside the guide ring (2); Cyclone dust collector (6), which is connected to the inside of the dust collection hood (33) through a dust suction pipe (34).

2. The open-pit mine intelligent drilling rig with automatic dust suppression function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly (35) includes: A fixing collar (352) is fixedly installed inside the dust collection hood (33); The toothed ring (353) is rotatably disposed inside the fixed collar (352); A scraper (351) is fixedly connected to the top of the toothed ring (353), and the scraping surface of the scraper (351) is in contact with the surface of the thin plate (31). The motor (354) has a gear (355) connected to its output end, and the gear (355) meshes with the gear ring (353).

3. The open-pit mine intelligent drilling rig with automatic dust suppression function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling mechanism (4) includes: The outer casing (41) is disposed outside the dust collection hood (33); Heat dissipation fins (42) are integrated on the outer wall of the dust collection cover (33); The vortex tube (44) has an air inlet, a cold air outlet and a hot air outlet; The air inlet pipe (43) is connected to the cold air outlet of the vortex pipe (44) and the interior of the outer casing (41).

4. The intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptation mechanism (5) includes: The drill rod (51) is disposed inside the guide ring (2); The drilling section base (52) is located at the bottom end of the drill rod (51); A radial telescopic assembly is disposed inside the drilling section base (52), and the output end of the radial telescopic assembly is connected to a wing (57).

5. The intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radial telescopic assembly includes: A connecting ring (53) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drilling section base (52); The lead screw (54) is rotatably disposed inside the connecting ring (53); The female seat (55) is threadedly engaged with the lead screw (54) and moves axially under the drive of the lead screw (54).

6. The intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encapsulated paraffin (32) is a phase change material. It is pre-cooled and cured by the cooling mechanism (4) before operation, and a temperature gradient is formed between the center of the hole and the thin plate (31) during the drilling operation.

7. The intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer shell (41) and the outer wall of the dust collection hood (33) form a cooling space, which is filled with cooling gas.

8. The intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat dissipation fins (42) are provided in multiple pieces and are evenly distributed along the circumferential and axial directions of the outer wall of the dust collection cover (33).

9. The intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The radial telescopic assembly also includes a plurality of links (56), one end of each of the links (56) being hinged to the base (55), and the other end of each of the links (56) being hinged to the winglet (57).

10. An intelligent drilling rig for open-pit mines with automatic dust suppression function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air inlet of the vortex tube (44) is equipped with a regulating valve (45) to regulate the intake volume of compressed air and control the flow rate of cold air.

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