Intelligent oil production method and device for work-free adjustable layered production allocation and testing

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of intelligent oil production methods, specifically disclosing an intelligent oil production method and device that allows for operation-free, adjustable layered production and testing, including the following steps: (1) After pump inspection at the oil well, the production system is lowered into the well via a logging cable. The production system includes a wireless packer, a production distributor, and tubing. The production system is set in the target layer according to the quantity and depth set by the user. Then, the logging cable is disconnected and the pump is installed and the well is completed. This invention effectively suppresses interference from high water-cut layers through layered production technology, significantly increases crude oil production in low-permeability layers, and optimizes the oil well production capacity structure. It adopts remote intelligent control to achieve dynamic matching between formation opening and closing and pumping unit strokes, reducing ineffective fluid production and extending equipment service life. The entire process is automated with monitoring and closed-loop control, reducing manual intervention and improving oil well management efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent oil recovery methods, specifically an intelligent oil recovery method and device that allows for operation-free, adjustable stratified production and testing. Background Technology

[0002] Layered oil recovery is a core technology for multi-layered reservoirs in oilfield development. It aims to improve oil recovery by separating different producing layers and independently controlling the production parameters of each layer, avoiding inter-layer interference.

[0003] In traditional multi-layered oil reservoir co-production, high water-cut or low-permeability layers can interfere with efficient producing layers, leading to ineffective circulation and reduced production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a smart oil production method that allows for operation-free, adjustable stratified production and testing. This method solves the problem in existing technologies where high water-cut or low-permeability layers interfere with efficient producing layers during the combined production of traditional multi-layered oil reservoirs, leading to ineffective circulation and reduced production.

[0005] A smart oil recovery method that allows for operation-free, adjustable stratified production and testing includes the following steps: (1) After the well pump inspection operation, the production system is lowered into the well through the logging cable. The production system includes a wireless packer, a production distributor and tubing. The production system is set in the target layer according to the quantity and depth set by the user. Then the logging cable is disconnected and the pump hanger is completed. (2) After the oil well has stabilized production, the annular logging channel of the eccentric wellhead is used to connect the production system to the well using an annular catcher, and the target formation is opened or closed according to the instructions based on wireless transmission control technology. (3) Start the test circuit of the production system to obtain the flow pressure, static pressure and temperature data of the target formation in real time, and measure the liquid level height through the annular trap and transmit the data to the ground acquisition and control terminal. (4) Based on the liquid level and the preset submersion degree, the pumping frequency is dynamically adjusted through the surface pumping unit power distribution system to make the oil well submersion degree reach the set value; (5) Combining the flow pressure, formation static pressure and temperature data, the formation switching operation is remotely controlled through the ground acquisition and control terminal to realize layered production and dynamic adjustment, and complete intelligent oil production.

[0006] Preferably, in step (3), the test circuit further includes: The absolute production of oil, gas and water in a single layer is measured in real time using a ground-based three-phase flow metering device, and the formation productivity is analyzed based on the pressure recovery curve.

[0007] Preferably, in step (4), adjusting the pumping unit stroke includes: The speed of the pumping unit motor is controlled by a frequency converter based on real-time pressure measurement parameters and liquid level.

[0008] Preferably, in step (5), the remote control operation includes: The system acquires oil well operating parameters in real time via an internal network. These parameters include pumping unit power, pump efficiency, wellhead casing pressure, oil pressure, oil temperature, fault alarms, and well site video. Commands are then sent remotely to execute formation switching, belt tightening, or well shut-in operations.

[0009] Preferably, in step (2), the annular trap includes: The magnetic positioning module and wet connection connector are precisely connected to the downhole smart tubing through annular logging technology to achieve circuit connection and data transmission.

[0010] A smart oil recovery device for implementing the above method includes: (a) A downhole smart tubing string, including a wireless packer, a production dispenser, a wet connection release, a temperature and pressure gauge, and safety tools, is pre-installed in the target layer via tubing; (b) An annular trap, equipped with a magnetic positioning module, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a wireless transmission module, for connecting to the downhole smart tubing and transmitting test data; (c) Ground acquisition and control terminal, including wireless communication module, three-phase flow metering device and remote control unit, used to receive data and send control commands; (d) The pumping unit power distribution system is connected to the ground acquisition and control terminal and adjusts the pumping unit stroke rate in real time according to the submersion degree.

[0011] Preferably, the downhole smart tubing string further comprises: The downhole switch is connected to the annular catcher circuit via the wet-connected release mechanism, enabling remote control of the formation switch.

[0012] Preferably, the ground acquisition and control terminal further includes: A high-precision three-phase flow metering device is used to measure the production of oil, gas and water in a single layer in real time, and to analyze the formation productivity by combining pressure recovery curves.

[0013] Preferably, the annular trap further comprises: The storage reader and wet connection connector are lowered into the well via the winch chock and connected to the wet connection connector of the downhole smart tubing to achieve a sealed circuit connection.

[0014] Preferably, the power distribution system of the pumping unit further includes: The motor frequency converter and sensor group monitor the belt running status, wellhead casing pressure and oil temperature in real time, and optimize the submersion by adjusting the stroke rate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By employing stratified production technology, interference from high water-cut layers is effectively suppressed, crude oil production from low-permeability layers is significantly increased, and the production capacity structure of oil wells is optimized. Remote intelligent control is adopted to achieve dynamic matching between formation opening and closing and pumping unit strokes, reducing ineffective fluid production and extending equipment life. Full-process automated monitoring and closed-loop control reduce manual intervention and improve oil well management efficiency. Through multi-module collaborative operation, real-time acquisition and intelligent analysis of all oil well parameters are achieved, providing a reliable basis for dynamic decision-making; wireless communication and remote control technologies overcome geographical limitations, supporting large-scale intelligent management of oil fields; and anomaly warning and automatic protection mechanisms effectively reduce production risks and ensure the safe and stable operation of oil wells. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent oil recovery method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the annular capture device of the present invention being lowered into the well for docking; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the system in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown: Example 1: Application Scenario: A multi-layered sandstone reservoir contains three producing layers (depths of 2100m, 2300m, and 2500m), with significant differences in permeability among the layers. The water cut in the 2500m layer is as high as 80%. Traditional combined production leads to interference with the high water-cut layer, requiring stratified control to improve the recovery rate.

[0019] Implementation steps and device configuration Downhole Smart Tubing Deployment Procedure: After pump inspection at the oil well, the production distribution system is lowered into the well via logging cables. This system includes three sets of wireless packers (temperature resistant 150℃ / pressure resistant 35MPa), a production distribution unit, and matching tubing. The packers are set in the three production formations (2100m, 2300m, and 2500m) respectively. After disconnecting the cables, the pump is installed (pump depth 1900m).

[0020] Device details: The downhole intelligent tubing integrates a wet connection release mechanism, a temperature and pressure gauge (accuracy ±0.5%), and safety tools to monitor the flow pressure, static pressure, and temperature of each layer in real time.

[0021] The production generator has a built-in wireless switch module (response time <10s) that supports remote control of the formation opening and closing.

[0022] Precise docking of the annular capture device with formation control Steps: After production stabilizes, an annulus catcher is lowered through the eccentric wellhead, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a magnetic positioning module (positioning accuracy ±0.1m) is used to connect to the wet connection of the downhole tubing to establish a circuit connection. The ground control terminal sends a command to close the 2500m high aquifer and open the 2100m and 2300m layers.

[0023] Device details: The annular capture device is equipped with a pressure sensor (range 0-50MPa), a temperature sensor (range 0-150℃), and a wireless transmission module (transmission rate 1Mbps).

[0024] The wet connection joint features an IP68 waterproof seal design to ensure stable downhole circuitry.

[0025] Real-time data acquisition and three-phase flow metering Steps: After starting the test circuit, acquire data from each layer in real time: 2100m layer: flowing pressure 16.5MPa, static pressure 22MPa, temperature 70℃; daily oil production 12m³ 3 180m 3 4m of water 3 .

[0026] 2300m layer: flowing pressure 15MPa, static pressure 21.5MPa, temperature 75℃; daily oil production 8m³ 3 120m 3 6m of water 3 .

[0027] Device details: A ground-based high-precision three-phase flow metering device (error < 5%) calculates the output of a single layer in real time.

[0028] Analysis of the pressure recovery curve shows that the productivity coefficient of the 2500m layer (Kh=0.5μm) 2 If m) is low, confirm the shutdown decision.

[0029] Dynamic adjustment of pumping unit stroke Procedure: The annular trap measured the liquid level at 1700m, with a submersion depth of 200m (300m lower than the set value). At the ground control station, the pumping unit's stroke rate was reduced from 6 strokes / minute to 5 strokes / minute via a frequency converter, and the motor power was reduced from 25kW to 20kW. After adjustment, the liquid level rose to 1600m, and the submersion depth met the standard.

[0030] Device details: The pumping unit's power distribution system integrates a motor frequency converter (0-60Hz stepless speed regulation) and a vibration sensor to monitor the belt status in real time.

[0031] The sensor array synchronously collects wellhead casing pressure (3.0MPa), oil pressure (2.5MPa), and oil temperature (65℃), and uploads the data to the control terminal.

[0032] Remote optimization and intelligent production allocation Steps: Based on comprehensive data analysis, remotely activate the 2500m layer (moisture content reduced to 70%) and adjust the flushing frequency to 5.5 times / minute. Total daily output increased from 20m³. 3 Increased to 23m 3 The overall moisture content decreased from 68% to 60%.

[0033] Device details: The ground acquisition and control terminal remotely issues commands via 4G / satellite dual-mode communication and displays the oil well operating status in real time (pump efficiency 85%, fault alarm threshold setting).

[0034] It supports single-layer ground sampling (unlimited times) and inter-well tracer testing to verify formation connectivity.

[0035] Technical effect Efficiency improvement: After stratified production, ineffective fluid production was reduced, daily production per well increased by 15%, and water cut decreased by 18%.

[0036] Energy saving and consumption reduction: Optimized pumping unit stroke count saves 7% of electricity and extends equipment life by 12%.

[0037] Intelligent management: Remote monitoring reduces the frequency of manual inspections and shortens the fault response time to 1.5 hours.

[0038] Example 2: Optimization of oil stabilization and water control in high water-cut oil wells Application scenario: Oilfield wells face the risk of shutdown due to high water cut (overall water cut of 85%), and it is necessary to achieve stable oil production and water control through stratified production.

[0039] Implementation steps and device configuration Intelligent tubing deployment and high aquifer sealing Procedure: After pump inspection, lower the production system and set two sets of wireless packers at the target layers (1800m high oil-bearing layer and 2000m high water-bearing layer). Close the 2000m layer and only open the 1800m layer.

[0040] Device details: The feeder has a built-in electric switch that supports multiple opening and closing operations (life ≥ 1000 times).

[0041] The temperature and pressure gauge monitors the laminar pressure (14MPa) and static pressure (20MPa) at 1800m in real time.

[0042] Three-phase flow metering and capacity analysis Step: The ground-based three-phase flow metering device measured the daily oil production of a single layer of 10m³. 3 150m 3 2m of water 3 The pressure recovery curve shows good formation permeability (Kh=1.2μm). 2 m).

[0043] Device details: The metering device uses phase-separated flow control technology, achieving an oil, gas, and water separation accuracy of 98%.

[0044] Submersion optimization and remote control Steps: When the liquid level is 1500m, increase the pumping frequency to 4 times / minute using a frequency converter, stabilize the submersion at 250m, and increase the pump efficiency to 90%.

[0045] Device details: The pumping unit's power distribution system integrates a current sensor to monitor the motor load in real time and avoid the risk of overload.

[0046] Technical effect Oil and water stability: After the high-water-cut layer was plugged, the overall water cut decreased from 85% to 45%, and the daily oil production increased by 8m³. 3 .

[0047] Cost savings: No-maintenance well operations save 250,000 yuan annually and extend equipment maintenance cycles by 30%.

[0048] Example 3: High-efficiency development of low-permeability reservoirs Application scenario: Low productivity of a well in a low-permeability oilfield (Kh=0.3μm) 2 (m), single-layer capacity needs to be increased through intelligent production allocation.

[0049] Implementation steps and device configuration Multi-stage fracturing and production coordination Procedure: After pump inspection, the production system is lowered and set in the three fracturing sections (2200m, 2400m, 2600m). The formation is opened in sections using annular traps, and the production regime is optimized based on surface three-phase flow data.

[0050] Device details: The production equipment is linked with the fracturing tools and supports high-pressure environments (pressure resistance 50MPa).

[0051] Real-time capacity monitoring and stroke matching Procedure: The ground control unit adjusts the pumping frequency to 3 times / minute based on the real-time flow pressure (12MPa), stabilizes the submersion at 350m, and increases the daily output per layer to 5m. 3 .

[0052] Device details: The wireless transmission module supports two-way communication between the mine and the surface with a latency of less than 1 second.

[0053] Technical effect Production capacity enhancement: Daily output of low-permeability layers increased by 200%, and recovery rate increased by 10%.

[0054] Remote adaptability: Production strategies can be adjusted in real time through well site video monitoring, reducing on-site intervention.

[0055] Example 4: Ground-based data acquisition and control terminal System composition and functional modules Power module Function: Provides stable AC380V power to support the continuous operation of all modules in the system.

[0056] Features: Equipped with overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions to ensure power supply safety.

[0057] Wireless filtering module Function: Filters noise interference in wireless communication signals to ensure data transmission stability.

[0058] Applications: Supports 4G / satellite dual-mode communication, with a transmission rate of up to 1Mbps and a coverage radius of ≥5km.

[0059] Wellhead casing pressure and oil pressure acquisition unit Function: Real-time acquisition of wellhead casing pressure (0-50MPa), oil pressure (0-40MPa), and sucker rod tension (4-20mA signal) via high-precision sensors.

[0060] Data output: The signal is transmitted to the central control unit after analog-to-digital conversion.

[0061] Central data acquisition, control and wireless transmission unit Function: Data integration: Receive data from wellhead and downhole sensors (pressure, temperature, fluid level, etc.).

[0062] Logic control: Generates control commands (such as adjusting the stroke rate, opening and closing the formation) based on a preset algorithm.

[0063] Wireless transmission: Data is uploaded to the cloud or user terminal in real time via an encrypted protocol.

[0064] Key parameters: Supports multi-channel parallel processing, response time < 1 second.

[0065] Downhole pressure and temperature decoding module Function: Analyze the coded signals transmitted by the downhole smart tubing string to obtain data on the flowing pressure (0-60MPa), static pressure, and temperature (0-150℃) of each production zone.

[0066] Accuracy: Pressure ±0.5%FS, Temperature ±1℃.

[0067] Belt tensioner control module Function: Adjusts the belt tension of the oil pumping unit via motor drive to prevent slippage or excessive tightness.

[0068] Control method: The belt tension is automatically adjusted based on real-time monitored belt vibration data (accelerometer).

[0069] Monitoring and alarm module Function: Anomaly detection: Real-time monitoring of faults such as sudden changes in wellhead casing pressure, motor overload, and communication interruption.

[0070] Multi-level alarm: Local audible and visual alarm + remote push (SMS / APP), with support for custom thresholds.

[0071] Typical scenario: When the liquid level exceeds the safe range, the shutdown protection will be triggered immediately.

[0072] Receiving and transmitting module Function: Connects to well testing equipment via a single-core cable to transmit coded instructions and test data.

[0073] Compatibility: Supports RS-485 / Modbus protocols and is compatible with various downhole tools.

[0074] Pumping unit stroke control unit Function: The motor speed (0-60Hz) can be steplessly adjusted via a frequency converter, and the pumping unit stroke rate (0-10 strokes / minute) can be controlled.

[0075] Linkage logic: Automatically optimizes the number of strokes based on the submersion depth setting (e.g., 300m), achieving a power saving rate of ≥5%.

[0076] Well site monitoring equipment interface Functions: Integrates well site cameras, environmental sensors (temperature, humidity, combustible gas) and other equipment, and supports real-time video stream transmission.

[0077] Scalability: Provides a standard RJ45 / POE interface to support access from third-party devices.

[0078] The specific workflow of the ground-based data acquisition and control terminal is as follows: Figure 3 As shown 1. Data Collection The wellhead casing pressure and oil pressure sensors, as well as the downhole smart tubing, upload data to the central control unit in real time.

[0079] Simultaneous monitoring of pumping unit motor speed, belt status, and liquid level.

[0080] 2. Data Processing and Decision Making The central unit analyzes the data to calculate the current submersion level, productivity coefficient, and water content.

[0081] The system compares the data with preset thresholds and generates control commands (such as closing high-water-content layers or adjusting the flushing frequency).

[0082] 3. Command execution and feedback Commands are transmitted wirelessly to downhole switches or pumping unit frequency converters.

[0083] The execution results (such as formation closure status and new stroke parameters) are sent back to the control terminal for verification.

[0084] 4. Remote monitoring and optimization Users can view real-time data curves, well site videos, and alarm logs via PC / mobile devices.

[0085] Supports remote manual intervention (such as emergency well shut-in, manual parameter adjustment).

[0086] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0087] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve structures relevant to the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can be referred to with common designs. Unless otherwise specified, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0088] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart oil production method for work-free controllable layered production allocation and testing, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) After the pump inspection operation of the oil well, a production allocation system is lowered into the well through a logging cable, the production allocation system comprising a wireless packer, a production allocator and a tubing, the production allocation system being set in the target layer according to the quantity and depth set by the user, then the logging cable is disconnected and the pump hanging well completion is completed; (2) After the oil well is stably produced, an annular logging channel of an eccentric wellhead is used to lower an annular catcher into the well to connect the production allocation system, and the target layer is opened or closed according to the instruction based on the wireless transmission control technology; (3) A test circuit of the production allocation system is started, the flow pressure, the formation static pressure and the temperature data of the target layer are acquired in real time, the liquid level is measured through the annular catcher, and the data are transmitted to a ground acquisition control end; (4) According to the liquid level and the preset submergence, the pumping unit stroke of a ground pumping unit power distribution system is dynamically adjusted to make the oil well submergence reach a set value; (5) The opening and closing operation of the layer is remotely controlled through the ground acquisition control end combined with the flow pressure, the formation static pressure and the temperature data, the separate layer production allocation and dynamic adjustment are realized, and the intelligent oil production is completed.

2. The method of smart oil production of claim 1, wherein, In step (3), the test circuit further comprises: The absolute production of single layer oil, gas and water is measured in real time through a ground three-phase flow metering device, and the formation productivity is analyzed based on the pressure buildup curve.

3. The method of smart oil production of claim 2, wherein, In step (4), the adjustment of the pumping unit stroke comprises: According to the real-time pressure measurement parameters and the liquid level, the rotating speed of the pumping unit motor is controlled through a frequency converter.

4. The method of smart oil production of claim 1, wherein, In step (5), the remote control operation comprises: The running parameters of the oil well are acquired in real time through an internal network, the parameters comprising the pumping unit power, the pump efficiency, the wellhead casing pressure, the oil pressure, the oil temperature, the fault alarm and the well site video, and the instruction is remotely sent to perform the layer opening and closing, the belt tightening or the well shut-in operation.

5. The method of smart oil production of claim 1, wherein, In step (2), the annular catcher comprises: A magnetic positioning module and a wet type link joint are used to accurately dock with the wet type link release of the downhole intelligent pipe column through the annular logging technology, the circuit connection and the data transmission are realized.

6. A smart oil extraction device implementing the method of any one of claims 1-5, characterized by, It comprises: (a) a downhole intelligent pipe column comprising a wireless packer, a production allocator, a wet type link release, a temperature and pressure instrument and a safety tool, which is prepositioned in the target layer through a tubing; (b) an annular catcher provided with a magnetic positioning module, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a wireless transmission module, which is used to connect the downhole intelligent pipe column and transmit the test data; (c) a ground acquisition control end comprising a wireless communication module, a three-phase flow metering device and a remote control unit, which is used to receive the data and send the control instruction; (d) a pumping unit power distribution system connected with the ground acquisition control end, which adjusts the pumping unit stroke in real time according to the submergence.

7. The smart oil extraction device of claim 6, wherein, The downhole intelligent pipe column further comprises: A downhole switch is connected with the annular catcher through the wet type link release, and the remote control of the layer switch is realized.

8. The smart oil extraction device of claim 6, wherein, The ground acquisition control end further comprises: A high-precision three-phase flow metering device is used to measure the production of single layer oil, gas and water in real time, and the formation productivity is analyzed combined with the pressure buildup curve.

9. The smart oil extraction device of claim 6, wherein, The annular catcher further comprises: A storage reader and a wet type link joint are used to be lowered into the well through an instrument winch crown block, and the sealed circuit connection with the wet type link release of the downhole intelligent pipe column is realized.

10. The smart oil extraction device of claim 6, wherein, The pumping unit power distribution system further includes: The motor frequency converter and sensor group monitor the belt running status, wellhead casing pressure and oil temperature in real time, and optimize the submersion by adjusting the stroke rate.

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