A dust prevention device for a mine chute

Abstract

This invention discloses a dust control device for mine ore passes, belonging to the technical field of mine dust control equipment. It aims to solve the problem that existing devices cannot effectively intercept bidirectional dust at the connection between the main pass and the inclined ramp, resulting in poor dust control performance. The device includes a main pass, a branch pass, and an inclined ramp. At the connection between the inclined ramp and the main pass, there are a lower ring and an upper ring with a dust suction chamber, connected by a connecting pipe and a suction assembly. The bidirectional dust is adsorbed through the connecting channel. An automatically sensing and lifting dust curtain is installed in the branch pass, and a one-way rotating plate is installed at the bottom of the inclined ramp. Through a "negative pressure adsorption + double sealing" structure, dust in both the main pass and the inclined ramp can be simultaneously intercepted, preventing reverse dispersion. The device has a stable structure, strong adaptability, achieves intelligent and energy-saving operation, significantly improves dust control efficiency, ensures operational safety, and meets the needs of green mines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control equipment technology in mines, specifically a dust control device for mine ore chutes. Background Technology

[0002] Ore passes are the core facilities for ore transfer in underground mines. Through the coordination of the main pass, multiple intermediate branch passes, and inclined ramps, ore is centrally transferred from the mining face to the bottom of the shaft. Their operational efficiency directly affects the overall production progress of the mine. During ore transfer, the ore slides down the inclined ramps and falls into the main pass, violently disturbing the surrounding air and creating dust-laden airflow. Simultaneously, the friction and impact between the ore and the passage walls also generate a large amount of dust. This dust mainly spreads and diffuses at the connection between the main pass and the inclined ramps.

[0003] Currently, most dust control devices used in mine ore passes are either simple dust-collecting structures or fixed sealing devices, which are difficult to adapt to the complex dust diffusion characteristics at the aforementioned connection points. Some devices only have dust-collecting components for the main pass, which cannot effectively capture the dust raised by the sliding ore in the inclined ramp; other devices use fixed baffle seals, which can block some dust, but will hinder the normal transport of ore and cannot deal with the problem of bidirectional dust dispersion.

[0004] Dust can easily escape into the ore pass and mining face through connection points. Respirable dust, in particular, can seriously harm the physical and mental health of workers, inducing occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis. Simultaneously, dust accumulation accelerates equipment wear, reduces visibility in the work area, and increases the risk of safety accidents. Existing dust control devices are limited in their ability to simultaneously intercept dust in both directions and facilitate normal ore transport, failing to meet the stringent dust control requirements for green and safe mining production. Therefore, a dust control device specifically designed to address this problem is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dust control device for mine chutes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dust control device for a mine chute, comprising a main chute and one or more branch chutes, each branch chute having a ramp at one end, the bottom end of the ramp being connected to the interior of the main chute, a lower ring and an upper ring being respectively provided at the connection between the ramp and the main chute, both the lower and upper rings having a dust suction chamber on their inner sides, the diameter of the dust suction chamber being larger than the inner diameter of the main chute, the upper ring being positioned above the ramp, the lower ring being positioned below the ramp, the upper ring being connected to the interior of the ramp through a second connecting channel, and the lower ring being connected to the interior of the ramp through a first connecting channel;

[0007] The lower ring body and the upper ring body are kept in communication with each other, and a suction component is connected to the lower ring body or the upper ring body.

[0008] Preferably, the suction assembly includes a suction pipe, a dust filter, and a suction device;

[0009] A conveying pipe is fixedly installed on the outside of the lower ring or the upper ring. The conveying pipe is connected to the inside of the dust collection pipe. A dust filter and a dust collection device are installed on the dust collection pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a dust curtain is provided inside the branch chute and at one end near the ramp. The dust curtain is connected to the inner wall of the branch chute via a lifting track. An explosion-proof electric push rod is also installed on the inner wall of the branch chute. The explosion-proof electric push rod drives the dust curtain to rise and fall. An infrared sensor is provided above the dust curtain, and the raising and lowering of the dust curtain is controlled by a set control system.

[0011] Preferably, a blocking grille is installed on the inner side of the lower ring body and the upper ring body.

[0012] Preferably, barrier mesh panels are fixedly installed at the connection points between the first connecting channel and the second connecting channel and the ramp.

[0013] Preferably, a one-way rotating plate is provided at the connection between the bottom end of the ramp and the main chute. The top end of the one-way rotating plate is rotatably connected to the main chute. When the one-way rotating plate is in a vertical state, it closes the bottom end outlet of the ramp.

[0014] Preferably, the lower ring body and the upper ring body are connected by multiple connecting pipes.

[0015] Beneficial effects

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a dust control device for mine ore chutes, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The device features symmetrically arranged dust collection chambers in upper and lower rings, working in conjunction with bidirectional connecting channels to create a full-area negative pressure adsorption. This allows for the simultaneous capture of dust generated by falling ore in the main ore pass and dust stirred up by sliding ore on the inclined ramp. The gravity-sealed barrier of the unidirectional rotating plate and the dynamic sealing of the dust curtain provide dual protection, effectively preventing dust from escaping back into the mining area. Compared to traditional single dustproof structures, this device efficiently intercepts dust flowing in different directions, significantly reducing the concentration of respirable dust, protecting workers' health from the source, and reducing the risk of occupational diseases.

[0018] 2. The dust curtain, infrared sensors, and suction equipment are linked for control, automatically starting and stopping as ore passes through, dynamically adapting to operating conditions and significantly reducing energy consumption compared to constant-power equipment. Dust is efficiently purified by the dust filtration equipment before being discharged in compliance with standards, preventing secondary pollution and avoiding wear and tear on roadways and equipment. Automated operation requires no manual intervention, reducing labor costs while ensuring continuous and stable dust control, balancing production efficiency and environmental requirements, and aligning with the modern mining concept of green and safe production.

[0019] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Main chute; 2. Branch chute; 3. Inclined ramp; 4. Lower ring; 5. Upper ring; 6. First connecting channel; 7. Second connecting channel; 8. Dust suction pipe; 9. Dust filtration equipment; 10. Dust suction equipment; 11. Conveying pipe; 12. Barrier grille; 13. Connecting pipe; 14. Dust curtain; 15. Barrier mesh plate; 16. One-way rotating plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following combination Figure 1-2 The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The invention is described more specifically in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the invention.

[0025] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or may have a component in between. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] This embodiment provides a dust control device for mine ore chutes, suitable for ore transfer scenarios in the middle section of underground mines. The main chute 1 is constructed of reinforced concrete with an inner diameter of 1.2m, extending vertically along the mine to centrally transfer ore transported by the branch chutes 2 in various middle sections. The branch chute 2 has an inner diameter of 0.9m, with one end connected to the mining face and the other end integrally formed with a ramp 3. The ramp 3 is lined with wear-resistant steel plates and has an inclination angle of 35° to facilitate the ore sliding down by gravity. The bottom end of the ramp 3 extends to the inner wall of the main chute 1 and connects with the interior of the main chute 1, forming an ore transfer channel.

[0028] To achieve dust interception and adsorption, a lower ring body 4 and an upper ring body 5 are respectively installed at the connection between the inclined ramp 3 and the main chute 1. Both are forged from stainless steel, and the structure is ring-shaped and coaxially arranged with the main chute 1. The lower ring body 4 is fixed to the bottom outlet of the inclined ramp 3 below the inner wall of the main chute 1, while the upper ring body 5 is fixed to the top of the bottom outlet of the inclined ramp 3. Both have a dust suction chamber reserved on their inner side. The diameter of the dust suction chamber is set at 1.8m, which is larger than the inner diameter of the main chute 1, so as to form a negative pressure adsorption space and avoid interfering with the trajectory of the falling ore.

[0029] The lower ring 4 and the upper ring 5 are internally connected by four evenly distributed connecting pipes 13. The connecting pipes 13 are made of seamless steel pipes, and their ends are welded and fixed to the side walls of the lower ring 4 and the upper ring 5, respectively, to ensure that the negative pressure environment is evenly transmitted between the two. A blocking grid 12 is welded to the inner opening of both the lower ring 4 and the upper ring 5. The blocking grid 12 is made of high-strength alloy steel with a mesh size of 20mm×20mm. This effectively prevents ore fragments from entering the dust collection chamber and causing blockages, without affecting the airflow of dust. It also enhances the impact resistance of the ring structure, making it suitable for impact conditions when ore falls.

[0030] To connect the suction chamber and the ramp 3, the lower ring 4 is connected to the interior of the ramp 3 via the first connecting channel 6, and the upper ring 5 is connected to the interior of the ramp 3 via the second connecting channel 7. Both the first connecting channel 6 and the second connecting channel 7 are made of stainless steel, with one end welded and fixed to the inner wall of the lower ring 4 and the upper ring 5 respectively, and the other end extending to the inner wall of the ramp 3 and penetrating the lining steel plate of the ramp 3. A barrier mesh plate 15 is welded and fixed at the connection points between the first connecting channel 6, the second connecting channel 7 and the ramp 3. The barrier mesh plate 15 is made of wear-resistant alloy mesh plate with a thickness of 1 cm or more.

[0031] In this embodiment, the suction assembly is connected to the upper ring 5 to provide a stable negative pressure for the suction chambers of the lower ring 4 and the upper ring 5. The suction assembly includes a suction pipe 8, a dust filter 9, and a suction device 10. A conveying pipe 11 is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the upper ring 5. The inner diameter of the conveying pipe 11 is the same as that of the suction pipe 8, both being 150mm. The two are sealed together by a flange, and a high-temperature resistant sealing gasket is installed at the connection to prevent negative pressure leakage. The dust collection pipe 8 is made of wear-resistant polyurethane composite pipe, which extends along the side wall of the main chute 1 to the mine return air roadway. Dust filter equipment 9 and dust collection equipment 10 are installed in series on it. The dust filter equipment 9 is a mine-specific explosion-proof bag dust collector with built-in membrane filter bags, which can efficiently filter respirable dust with a particle size of less than 5μm and the dust removal efficiency can reach more than 99%. The dust collection equipment 10 uses an explosion-proof Roots vacuum pump with a rated negative pressure range of 15-50kPa and a rated air volume of 1200m³ / h. The negative pressure value can be dynamically adjusted according to the dust concentration.

[0032] When the suction assembly is working, the dust collection equipment 10 starts and draws air into the dust collection chamber of the upper ring 5 through the dust collection pipe 8 and the conveying pipe 11. Since the upper ring 5 and the lower ring 4 are connected by the connecting pipe 13, the dust collection chambers of the two rings simultaneously form a stable negative pressure. At this time, the dust airflow generated by the falling ore in the main chute 1, as well as the dust raised during the sliding of ore in the inclined ramp 3, will be sucked into the dust collection chamber through the first connecting channel 6 and the second connecting channel 7, and then sent to the dust filter equipment 9 for purification through the conveying pipe 11 and the dust collection pipe 8. The purified air meets the standards and is discharged to the return air roadway, realizing the efficient collection and treatment of dust and preventing it from escaping to the mining face.

[0033] Inside each branch chute 2, near one end of the ramp 3, a dust curtain 14 is installed. The dust curtain 14 is made of a double-layer polyurethane and natural rubber composite vulcanized material with a thickness of 15mm, possessing wear resistance, impact resistance, and sealing performance. Its size is adapted to the inner diameter of the branch chute 2, and it adopts a segmented structure design, with each segment being 400mm wide. Adjacent segments are hinged by flexible rubber connectors to adapt to the curvature of the inner wall of the branch chute 2. The two side edges of the dust curtain 14 are embedded in the preset lifting rails, which are fixed to the inner wall of the branch chute 2 by expansion bolts. Explosion-proof electric push rods are also fixedly installed on the inner wall of the branch chute 2 on both sides corresponding to the dust curtain 14. The piston rod of the explosion-proof electric push rod is welded to the top frame of the dust curtain 14, which can drive the dust curtain 14 to move up and down along the lifting rails.

[0034] Above the dust curtain 14, two sets of infrared sensors are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the branch chute 2. The sensors are of the mine explosion-proof type, with a detection distance of 0.8m, which can accurately capture the signal of ore passing through. The device is equipped with a PLC control system, which is electrically connected to the infrared sensors, the explosion-proof electric push rod, and the dust collection equipment 10 to achieve linkage control: When the ore slides from the branch chute 2 to the inclined ramp 3, the infrared sensors detect the ore signal and transmit it to the control system. The control system immediately drives the explosion-proof electric push rod to raise the dust curtain 14, and at the same time adjusts the dust collection equipment 10 to increase the negative pressure value to 35-40kPa to improve the dust adsorption efficiency. After the ore has completely entered the inclined ramp 3, the infrared sensors do not give any signal feedback. The control system delays for 4 seconds and drives the explosion-proof electric push rod to lower the dust curtain 14. After the dust curtain 14 closes, it fits tightly against the inner wall of the branch chute 2 with a sealing gap of no more than 2mm. At the same time, the dust collection equipment 10 restores the normal negative pressure value of 15-20kPa to prevent residual dust from escaping to the mining face.

[0035] To further prevent dust from entering the branch chute 2 from the main chute 1, a one-way rotating plate 16 is installed at the connection between the bottom of the ramp 3 and the main chute 1. The one-way rotating plate 16 is made of wear-resistant cast steel, and its dimensions are adapted to the bottom outlet of the ramp 3. Its top is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the main chute 1 via a stainless steel hinge. A dustproof bearing is installed at the hinge to ensure flexible rotation and prevent jamming. Under its own weight, the one-way rotating plate 16 is naturally in a vertical position, which precisely closes the bottom outlet of the ramp 3, preventing dust and airflow from entering the ramp 3 through the outlet. When ore slides down the ramp 3, it impacts the one-way rotating plate 16 due to its own weight, causing the plate to rotate around the hinge towards the inside of the main chute 1, opening the outlet for ore to enter. After the ore passes through, the one-way rotating plate 16 returns to its vertical, closed position under gravity, forming a one-way barrier structure and enhancing the dust prevention effect.

[0036] After the dust control device for the mine chute of this embodiment was applied in a metal mine, on-site testing showed that the total dust concentration at the entrance of the branch chute 2 decreased from 360 mg / m³ to 4.2 mg / m³, and the respirable dust concentration decreased from 128 mg / m³ to 2.5 mg / m³, demonstrating a significant dust control effect. At the same time, the device operates stably, and the blocking grid 12 and the barrier mesh 15 can effectively prevent component blockage. The linkage control of the one-way rotating plate 16 and the dust curtain 14 does not require manual intervention, and only one routine inspection and maintenance is required per month, making it suitable for the long-term continuous operation needs of mines.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention based on the accompanying drawings and the above description. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, utilizing the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust control device for a mine chute, comprising a main chute (1) and one or more branch chutes (2), wherein each branch chute (2) is provided with a ramp (3) at one end, the bottom end of the ramp (3) being connected to the interior of the main chute (1), characterized in that: The connection between the ramp (3) and the main chute (1) is provided with a lower ring body (4) and an upper ring body (5). The inner sides of the lower ring body (4) and the upper ring body (5) are provided with dust suction chambers, and the diameter of the dust suction chambers is larger than the inner diameter of the main chute (1). The upper ring body (5) is located above the ramp (3), and the lower ring body (4) is located below the ramp (3). The upper ring body (5) is connected to the interior of the ramp (3) through the second connecting channel (7), and the lower ring body (4) is connected to the interior of the ramp (3) through the first connecting channel (6). The lower ring (4) and the upper ring (5) are in a state of communication, and a suction component is connected to the lower ring (4) or the upper ring (5).

2. The dust control device for a mine chute according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction assembly includes a suction pipe (8), a dust filter (9), and a suction device (10). A conveying pipe (11) is fixedly installed on the outside of the lower ring (4) or the upper ring (5). The conveying pipe (11) is connected to the inside of the dust suction pipe (8). A dust filter (9) and a dust suction device (10) are installed on the dust suction pipe (8).

3. A dust control device for mine ore chutes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust curtain (14) is provided inside the branch chute (2) and at one end near the ramp (3). The dust curtain (14) is connected to the inner wall of the branch chute (2) via a lifting track. An explosion-proof electric push rod is also installed on the inner wall of the branch chute (2). The explosion-proof electric push rod drives the dust curtain (14) to rise and fall. An infrared sensor is provided above the dust curtain (14). The dust curtain (14) is raised and lowered by a control system.

4. A dust control device for mine ore chutes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ring (4) and the inner side of the upper ring (5) are equipped with a blocking grille (12).

5. A dust control device for mine ore chutes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting channel (6) and the second connecting channel (7) are all fixedly equipped with barrier mesh panels (15) at the connection points with the ramp (3).

6. A dust control device for mine ore chutes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way rotating plate (16) is provided at the connection between the bottom end of the ramp (3) and the main chute (1). The top end of the one-way rotating plate (16) is rotatably connected to the main chute (1). When the one-way rotating plate (16) is in a vertical state, the one-way rotating plate (16) closes the bottom end outlet of the ramp (3).

7. A dust control device for mine ore chutes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower ring (4) and the upper ring (5) are connected by multiple connecting pipes (13).

Images