A municipal road subgrade settlement detection device and method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of settlement monitoring and discloses a municipal roadbed settlement detection device, including a vertically arranged settlement rod. The bottom end of the settlement rod is connected to a settlement plate for embedding in the soil layer to be monitored. The top end of the settlement rod extends vertically to above the top surface of the roadbed. An elastic reset structure composed of a frame-shaped protective head and an elastic element is set at the top end of the settlement rod. When the top barrier is impacted by external forces such as being run over by vehicles or bumped by pedestrians, the sliding bottom plate slides downward along the limiting groove to compress the elastic element. The elastic body undergoes compression and reset movement relative to the rigid rod, completely isolating the external force from the rigid rod. After the external force is eliminated, the elastic element drives the top barrier to automatically rise back to the initial position, realizing effective buffering and automatic reset of external force impact, ensuring that the elevation benchmark of the settlement rod is always undisturbed, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of long-term settlement monitoring data, and reducing the risk of data interruption due to damage to the monitoring device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of settlement monitoring, and specifically to a municipal roadbed settlement detection device and method. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, municipal roads experience continuous post-construction settlement due to factors such as soil consolidation and repeated traffic loads. Excessive post-construction settlement can lead to uneven road surfaces, vehicle bouncing, cracking, and even structural damage, severely impacting driving safety and comfort. Therefore, long-term and stable monitoring of post-construction settlement of municipal roads is a crucial aspect of road maintenance and safety assessment.

[0003] Currently, commonly used post-construction settlement monitoring devices mainly adopt a structure of settlement plates and settlement rods: the settlement plate is buried at the depth to be monitored in the roadbed, and the settlement rod extends vertically above the ground. By periodically measuring the elevation change at the top of the settlement rod, the settlement of the roadbed is estimated. This device has a simple structure and low cost, but the following problems exist in long-term operation: First, the top of the settlement control bar is exposed to the road surface for a long time, making it susceptible to external forces such as being run over by vehicles, bumped by pedestrians, or struck by foreign objects. This can cause the bar to bend, break, or the reference point to shift, resulting in interruption or distortion of monitoring data. Although existing technologies include adding protective covers to the top of the bar, these covers are mostly rigid structures that only provide simple shielding and cannot buffer impact forces. Furthermore, they are easily damaged and detached after impact.

[0004] Secondly, to protect the settlement rod from lateral compression by the surrounding soil, a protective sleeve is usually installed around it. However, the top of the existing protective sleeve is mostly flush with or slightly higher than the top surface of the roadbed. During operation, surface water, silt, and other substances can easily seep in through the gap between the sleeve and the settlement rod. Over a long period of time, this can fill the gap, hindering the free settlement of the settlement rod, or even causing the settlement rod to lock up, thus rendering the monitoring ineffective. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a municipal roadbed settlement detection device and method to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A municipal road subgrade settlement detection device includes a vertically arranged settlement rod, the bottom end of which is connected to a settlement plate for embedding in the soil layer to be monitored, and the top end of the settlement rod extends vertically to above the top surface of the subgrade. The settlement bar is surrounded by a protective cylinder. The bottom end of the protective cylinder is anchored in the foundation, the top end of the protective cylinder is lower than the top surface of the roadbed, and a buffer gap is left between the inner wall of the protective cylinder and the outer wall of the settlement bar. The top of the settlement bar is equipped with an elastic reset structure to protect the end of the settlement bar that extends out of the top surface of the roadbed.

[0007] Furthermore, the elastic reset structure includes: a frame-shaped protective head disposed at the top of the settlement rod, and an elastic element disposed inside the frame-shaped protective head; The top enclosure of the frame-type protective head can be compressed vertically. When the external force is removed, it can be driven by the elastic element to rise back to the initial position, and the enclosure of the frame-type protective head remains fixed. The settlement bar consists of a rigid bar and an elastic body. The elastic body is located on top of the rigid bar and undergoes compression and reset motion relative to the rigid bar. During the compression and reset process of the frame-type protective head, the rigid bar remains stationary.

[0008] Furthermore, the frame-type protective head includes a top enclosure, a sliding base plate, and a surrounding plate. The surrounding plate is set around the settlement bar, and the edge of the surrounding plate is bent into a limiting groove structure to allow the sliding base plate to slide up and down. The sliding base plate is slidably installed in the limiting groove and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the top enclosure. The top enclosure is set into an arched structure, and a through hole is opened at the center of the top enclosure. The top end of the elastic body extends out of the through hole, and the extension length is less than the compressible stroke of the frame-type protective head or flush with the top of the top enclosure. The elastic element is a compression spring, with the upper end of the compression spring abutting against the bottom surface of the sliding base plate and the lower end of the compression spring abutting against the bottom of the limiting groove. The top of the protective cylinder is detachably fixed to the bottom of the enclosure.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastomer includes an outer sleeve, which is fitted onto the top of the rigid rod. A support ring is fixedly provided on the outer ring of the top of the rigid rod. The top of the outer sleeve is sealed, and a support spring abuts between the inner top surface of the outer sleeve and the top of the rigid rod. An elastic limiting ring is provided on the outer ring of the outer sleeve, and the upper surface of the elastic limiting ring abuts against the inner top surface of the top enclosure to block the gap between the outer sleeve and the inner sidewall of the through hole.

[0010] Furthermore, an impact component is also installed inside the enclosure, and a curved plate is fixedly installed at the inner edge of the top enclosure. When the top enclosure is in the initial position, the bottom end of the curved plate is just out of the range of action of the impact component.

[0011] Furthermore, the impact assembly includes an automatic telescopic rod, which is configured as an arc-shaped structure. The telescopic end of the automatic telescopic rod is hinged to the top of the impact swing plate. The bottom fulcrum of the impact swing plate is rotatably mounted on the bracket via the fulcrum shaft. The bottom of the bracket is fixedly set on the inner bottom surface of the enclosure.

[0012] Furthermore, a strain assembly is provided on the contact surface between the sliding base plate and the inner wall of the enclosure. The strain assembly includes an embedded groove and multiple linkage swing plates. The middle part of each linkage swing plate is hinged in the embedded groove. The embedded groove is opened on the contact surface between the sliding base plate and the inner wall of the enclosure. One end of the linkage swing plate abuts against the inner wall of the enclosure, and the other end is movably connected to the adjacent linkage swing plate through a connecting piece. A branch plate is provided on the curved part of the bending plate. The distance between the end of the branch plate and the range of action of the impact swing plate is smaller than the range of action of the curved part of the bending plate and the impact swing plate. The other end of the branch plate is inserted into a slot opened on the sliding base plate and contacts one of the linkage swing plates. The slot and the embedded groove are connected.

[0013] A method for detecting subgrade settlement of municipal roads, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Bury the settlement plate in the soil layer to be monitored, and fix the settlement rod vertically to the top of the settlement plate so that the top of the settlement rod extends vertically to the top surface of the roadbed; set up a protective cylinder around the settlement rod, anchor the bottom of the protective cylinder in the foundation, ensure that the top of the protective cylinder is lower than the top surface of the roadbed, and leave a buffer gap between the inner wall of the protective cylinder and the outer wall of the settlement rod. S2. Install a frame-type protective head at the top of the settlement bar, slide the sliding base plate into the limiting groove at the edge of the enclosure, and fix it to the bottom of the top enclosure; install an elastic element between the bottom surface of the sliding base plate and the bottom of the limiting groove to detachably fix the bottom of the enclosure to the top of the protective cylinder. S3. When the roadbed settles, the settlement plate drives the settlement rod to settle vertically in sync. When the top enclosure is compressed by an external force, the sliding bottom plate slides down along the limiting groove and the elastic element is compressed. After the external force is removed, the elastic element drives the sliding bottom plate and the top enclosure to rise back to the initial position. The rigid rod remains stationary and the settlement of the roadbed is fed back through the settlement of the settlement rod.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) An elastic reset structure consisting of a frame-type protective head and an elastic element is set at the top of the settlement bar. When the top enclosure is impacted by external forces such as being run over by a vehicle or bumped by a pedestrian, the sliding bottom plate slides down along the limiting groove to compress the elastic element. The elastic body undergoes compression and reset relative to the rigid bar, completely isolating the external force from the rigid bar. After the external force is eliminated, the elastic element drives the top enclosure to automatically rise back to the initial position, achieving effective buffering and automatic reset of the external force impact, ensuring that the elevation benchmark of the settlement bar is always undisturbed, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of long-term settlement monitoring data, and reducing the risk of data interruption due to damage to the monitoring device. (2) By setting an impact assembly consisting of an automatic telescopic rod and an impact swing plate inside the enclosure, and setting a curved plate on the inner edge of the top enclosure, when the top enclosure is compressed by external force, the curved plate triggers the automatic telescopic rod to push the impact swing plate to swing, generating an instantaneous impact on key parts such as the limit groove and the bottom surface of the sliding base plate, shaking off and removing trace amounts of dust, sand and other foreign objects that may accumulate during long-term operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial structural schematic diagram of the medium strain gauge assembly; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the middle section.

[0017] Figure descriptions: 1. Settlement plate; 2. Settlement rod; 21. Rigid rod; 22. Elastic body; 221. Outer sleeve; 222. Support ring; 223. Support spring; 224. Elastic limit ring; 3. Protective cylinder; 4. Buffer gap; 5. Elastic reset structure; 51. Frame-type protective head; 511. Elastic element; 512. Top enclosure; 513. Enclosure plate; 514. Sliding base plate; 515. Through hole; 6. Impact assembly; 61. Bending plate; 62. Automatic telescopic rod; 63. Impact swing plate; 64. Bracket; 7. Strain assembly; 71. Embedded groove; 72. Linkage swing plate; 73. Connecting plate; 74. Branch plate; 75. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a municipal roadbed settlement detection device, including a vertically arranged settlement rod 2, the bottom end of the settlement rod 2 is connected to a settlement plate 1 for being buried in the soil layer to be monitored, and the top end of the settlement rod 2 extends vertically to above the top surface of the roadbed. A protective cylinder 3 is provided around the settlement rod 2. The bottom end of the protective cylinder 3 is anchored in the foundation, the top end of the protective cylinder 3 is lower than the top surface of the roadbed, and a buffer gap 4 is left between the inner wall of the protective cylinder 3 and the outer wall of the settlement rod 2. The top of the settlement rod 2 is provided with an elastic reset structure 5 to protect the end of the settlement rod 2 that extends out of the top surface of the roadbed.

[0020] The elastic reset structure 5 includes: a frame-shaped protective head 51 disposed at the top of the settling rod 2, and an elastic element 511 disposed inside the frame-shaped protective head 51; The top enclosure 512 of the frame-type protective head 51 can be compressed vertically. When the external force is removed, it can be driven by the elastic element 511 to rise back to the initial position, and the enclosure 513 of the frame-type protective head 51 remains fixed. The settlement rod 2 includes a rigid rod body 21 and an elastic body 22. The elastic body 22 is located on the top of the rigid rod body 21, and the elastic body 22 undergoes compression and reset movement relative to the rigid rod body 21. During the compression and reset process of the frame-type protective head 51, the rigid rod body 21 remains stationary.

[0021] The frame-type protective head 51 includes a top enclosure 512, a sliding base plate 514, and a surrounding plate 513. The surrounding plate 513 is disposed around the settlement rod 2. The edge of the surrounding plate 513 is bent into a limiting groove structure to allow the sliding base plate 514 to slide vertically and vertically. The sliding base plate 514 is slidably installed in the limiting groove and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the top enclosure 512. The top enclosure 512 is configured as an arched structure, and a through hole 515 is provided at the center of the top enclosure 512. The top end of the elastic body 22 extends out of the through hole 515, and the extension length is less than the compressible stroke of the frame-type protective head 51 or flush with the top of the top enclosure 512. The elastic element 511 is a compression spring. The upper end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom surface of the sliding base plate 514, and the lower end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom of the limiting groove. The top of the protective cylinder 3 is detachably fixed to the bottom of the enclosure 513.

[0022] The elastic body 22 includes an outer sleeve 221, which is fitted onto the top of the rigid rod 21. A support ring 222 is fixedly installed on the outer ring of the top of the rigid rod 21. The top of the outer sleeve 221 is sealed, and a support spring 223 abuts against the top of the rigid rod 21 from the inner top surface of the outer sleeve 221. An elastic limiting ring 224 is provided on the outer ring of the outer sleeve 221, and the upper surface of the elastic limiting ring 224 abuts against the inner top surface of the top enclosure 512 to block the gap between the outer sleeve 221 and the inner wall of the through hole 515. The stiffness of the support spring 223 is less than that of the compression spring to achieve two-stage buffering. The elastic limiting ring 224 is made of rubber, and its upper surface abuts against the inner top surface of the top enclosure 512 to block the gap and prevent foreign objects from entering.

[0023] In this embodiment, to address the problems of existing settlement detection devices, such as the long-term exposure of the top of the settlement rod 2, which makes it susceptible to bending and breakage due to external impacts, affecting monitoring data; and the easy infiltration of surface water and sediment into the gap between the protective pipe and the settlement rod 2, hindering the free settlement of the settlement rod 2 and causing monitoring failure, an elastic reset structure 5 is provided. The specific working process is as follows: Settlement plate 1 is buried at a predetermined depth in the soil layer to be monitored. The bottom end of settlement rod 2 is fixedly connected to settlement plate 1, so that settlement rod 2 extends vertically and its top end extends above the top surface of the roadbed. A protective cylinder 3 is fitted around settlement rod 2, and the bottom end of the protective cylinder 3 is anchored in the foundation, ensuring that the top end of the protective cylinder 3 is lower than the top surface of the roadbed, and a buffer gap 4 is left between the inner wall of the protective cylinder 3 and the outer wall of settlement rod 2 to prevent the soil from laterally squeezing settlement rod 2. A frame-type protective head 51 is installed at the top of settlement rod 2. The sliding base plate 514 is slidably installed in the limiting groove on the edge of the enclosure plate 513, and then the sliding base plate 514 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the top enclosure 512. A compression spring is installed between the bottom surface of the sliding base plate 514 and the bottom of the limiting groove. Finally, the bottom of the enclosure plate 513 and the top of the protective cylinder 3 are fixed in a detachable manner to complete the process. The entire assembly is as follows: When the roadbed settles, the soil layer to be monitored causes the settlement plate 1 to settle vertically in sync. The settlement plate 1 further causes the settlement rod 2 to settle as a whole. By periodically measuring the elevation change of the top of the settlement rod 2, the amount of roadbed settlement can be estimated. When the top enclosure 512 is subjected to external forces such as vehicle crushing or foreign object impact, the top enclosure 512 will cause the sliding base plate 514 to slide downward along the limiting groove, and the compression spring will be compressed to avoid the impact. After the external force is eliminated, the compression spring will elastically reset, driving the sliding base plate 514 and the top enclosure 512 to rise back to the initial position. During this process, the rigid rod 21 of the settlement rod 2 remains stationary, and the elastic body 22 is in flexible contact with the top enclosure 512 to further avoid the impact. The elastic limiting ring 224 blocks the gap between the outer sleeve 221 and the through hole 515 to prevent the infiltration of mud, sand and surface water.

[0024] This solution achieves dual protection for the settlement rod 2 and a dual improvement in monitoring accuracy. The compression spring in the elastic reset structure 5 works in conjunction with the sliding base plate 514 to effectively avoid various external impacts such as vehicle crushing and foreign object collisions, preventing the settlement rod 2 from bending or breaking due to external forces, thus ensuring the continuity of monitoring work. At the same time, the rigid rod 21 of the settlement rod 2 always remains stationary, ensuring that the settlement rod 2 can move vertically in sync with the roadbed settlement. By periodically measuring the elevation change of the top of the settlement rod 2, the actual settlement of the roadbed can be calculated, providing reliable data support for the monitoring of roadbed settlement in municipal roads and avoiding the omission of roadbed hazards due to distorted monitoring data. The setting of the protective cylinder 3 further forms a protective barrier, effectively blocking the lateral compression of the soil on the settlement rod 2, preventing the settlement rod 2 from being stuck by the soil and unable to settle freely, and ensuring that the monitoring work can be carried out stably and orderly.

[0025] On the other hand, to effectively prevent impurities from seeping in and improve the maintainability of the device, the top of the protective cylinder 3 is designed to be lower than the top surface of the roadbed. Together with the frame-type protective head 51, it can prevent surface water, rainwater, etc. from directly entering the buffer gap 4 between the protective cylinder 3 and the settlement rod 2. At the same time, the elastic limiting ring 224 tightly abuts against the inner top surface of the top enclosure 512, blocking the gap between the outer sleeve 221 and the inner side wall of the through hole 515, effectively preventing mud, sand, debris, etc. from entering the gap, preventing jamming between the settlement rod 2 and the protective cylinder 3, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device, and reducing device failures caused by impurities seeping in. The enclosure 513 and the protective cylinder 3 adopt a detachable fixed connection method. Later, the staff can easily disassemble the enclosure 513 to inspect and replace the internal elastic element 511, the top structure of the settlement rod 2, etc., without dismantling the entire device. This greatly reduces the difficulty and cost of maintenance, improves the practicality and service life of the device, and meets the needs of long-term monitoring of municipal roads.

[0026] Please see Figure 2 As shown, an impact component 6 is also provided inside the enclosure 513, and a curved plate 61 is fixedly provided at the inner edge of the top enclosure 512. When the top enclosure 512 is in the initial position, the bottom end of the curved plate 61 is just out of the range of action of the impact component 6.

[0027] The impact assembly 6 includes an automatic telescopic rod 62, which is configured as an arc-shaped structure. The telescopic end of the automatic telescopic rod 62 is hinged to the top of the impact swing plate 63. The bottom fulcrum of the impact swing plate 63 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 64 through the fulcrum shaft. The bottom of the bracket 64 is fixedly set on the inner bottom surface of the enclosure 513.

[0028] Based on the previous embodiment, considering that during the roadbed settlement process, the elastic reset structure 5 may experience elastic fatigue and unsmooth reset due to long-term external force, and the failure of the elastic element 511 cannot be detected in time, thus affecting the protection effect and monitoring stability, this embodiment adds an impact component 6 inside the enclosure 513. This component automatically performs an internal cleaning action when the frame-type protective head 51 is compressed by external force, ensuring the long-term smooth operation of the elastic reset structure 5. Specifically, the triggering and action mechanism of the impact component 6 is as follows: A bent plate 61 is fixedly installed at the inner edge of the top enclosure 512. The bent plate 61 rises and falls synchronously with the top enclosure 512. In the initial state, the top enclosure 512 is in the uncompressed initial position, and the bottom end of the bent plate 61 is just out of the range of action of the impact component 6. That is, a small gap is maintained between the bent plate 61 and the trigger switch of the automatic telescopic rod 62 or the impact swing plate 63, ensuring that the impact component 6 will not be accidentally triggered during normal settlement or slight contact. When the top enclosure 512 is compressed by a large external force, such as being run over by a vehicle or struck by a heavy object, and descends to the preset travel distance, the bottom end of the curved plate 61 descends accordingly. The inductive switch of the automatic telescopic rod 62 receives a sensor located at the bottom end of the curved plate 61, thus activating the pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric automatic telescopic rod 62 to extend, directly pushing the impact swing plate 63 to swing around the fulcrum axis. The automatic telescopic rod 62 is designed with an arc-shaped structure, and its telescopic end is hinged to the top of the impact swing plate 63. When the telescopic end extends, it pushes the impact swing plate 63. The impact plate 63 swings rapidly in a vertical plane around the pivot axis, generating an instantaneous impact force on the inner wall of the enclosure 513, the bottom surface of the sliding base plate 514, or the inside of the limiting groove. This impact force can shake off the small amount of dust, sand, or oxide scale accumulated on the contact surface between the sliding base plate 514 and the enclosure 513, the gap in the limiting groove, and around the compression spring, causing them to detach from the key moving parts. After the impact is completed, the automatic telescopic rod 62 pulls the impact plate 63 to automatically reset to the initial position, waiting for the next trigger.

[0029] The triggering logic of the impact component 6 is as follows: the effective range relationship between the bending plate 61 and the impact component 6 is precisely set, so that the impact component 6 is only triggered when the top barrier 512 is subjected to significant external force compression, i.e., the external force reaches a preset threshold. This preset threshold is greater than any external force that may be generated during the normal settlement of the roadbed, and also greater than the impact force generated by a pedestrian accidentally touching it or a small foreign object falling, thereby avoiding frequent operation of the impact component 6 under unnecessary working conditions, reducing mechanical wear and energy consumption. At the same time, the stroke of the automatic telescopic rod 62 is matched with the swing amplitude of the impact swing plate 63, ensuring that the impact force is sufficient to remove conventional accumulations without causing excessive impact or damage to the internal structure. When the top barrier 512 is driven to rise by the elastic element 511 after the external force is removed, the bending plate 61 moves upward synchronously, once again leaving the effective range of the impact component 6. The entire impact component 6 does not generate any resistance or interference in the non-triggered state, ensuring that the normal compression and reset function of the elastic reset structure 5 is not affected.

[0030] This embodiment, through the linkage design of the impact component 6 and the bending plate 61, introduces an active cleaning mechanism during the compression of the elastic reset structure 5 by external force. On the one hand, in the actual operation of municipal roads, even if the top of the protective cylinder 3 is set lower than the top surface of the roadbed, effectively blocking the direct infiltration of surface water and a large amount of mud and sand, dust from vehicle traffic, road cleaning residue, and small amounts of wind and sand may still enter the interior of the frame-type protective head 51 through the through hole 515 or the fit gap between various components. If a small amount of foreign matter accumulates over a long period of time, it will gradually fill the sliding gap between the sliding base plate 514 and the limiting groove, the gap between the coils of the compression spring, and the contact surface between the sliding base plate 514 and the inner wall of the surrounding plate 513, resulting in increased sliding resistance. If the large, elastic element 511 is not fully reset, it can even cause the sliding base plate 514 to jam and the settlement rod 2 to be clamped, resulting in distortion or interruption of settlement monitoring data. Therefore, by using the active impact action of the impact component 6 under external force compression, the above-mentioned key parts are regularly cleaned by mechanical vibration, which shakes off the accumulated small amount of foreign matter and makes it settle to the bottom of the frame-type protective head 51 or discharge it. This effectively eliminates the negative impact of foreign matter accumulation on the movement performance of the elastic reset structure 5. This process does not require manual intervention or additional sensors or control systems, and realizes adaptive maintenance of cleaning upon force application, which extends the maintenance-free cycle of the device and reduces the daily inspection and cleaning costs of the settlement monitoring device for road maintenance departments.

[0031] On the other hand, by precisely setting the trigger threshold and action logic of the impact component 6, active cleaning is achieved while avoiding component wear and energy waste caused by frequent false triggering. The relationship between the effective range of the bending plate 61 and the impact component 6 is designed so that the impact action is triggered only when the top barrier 512 is subjected to a large external force compression. When a pedestrian accidentally steps on it or a small foreign object slightly touches it, the impact component 6 will not move because the external force is insufficient to make the top barrier 512 descend to the trigger stroke. The impact component 6 is only triggered when the top barrier 512 is subjected to a significant external force, such as being run over by a vehicle, which is sufficient to cause potential damage to the elastic reset structure 5. At this time, on the one hand, the impact is avoided by the elastic element 511 and the elastic body 22, and on the other hand, the energy is used to complete the internal cleaning simultaneously. This protects the sinking rod 2 from external force damage and triggers the self-cleaning process with the external force. Meanwhile, the impact frequency of the impact component 6 is related to the frequency of external force action. The more frequent the external force action, the more intensive the cleaning action. Areas with frequent external force action are often areas with large road operating loads and higher risk of foreign object intrusion. On-demand cleaning can further improve the adaptability of the device to different working conditions.

[0032] Please see Figures 3-5 As shown, a strain component 7 is also provided on the contact surface between the sliding base plate 514 and the inner side wall of the enclosure. The strain component 7 includes an embedded groove 71 and multiple linkage swing plates 72. The middle part of each linkage swing plate 72 is hinged in the embedded groove 71. The embedded groove 71 is opened on the contact surface between the sliding base plate 514 and the inner side wall of the enclosure. One end of the linkage swing plate 72 abuts against the inner side wall of the enclosure, and the other end is movably connected to the adjacent linkage swing plate through the connecting piece 73. A branch plate 74 is provided on the curved part of the bending plate 61. The distance between the end of the branch plate 74 and the range of action of the impact swing plate 63 is smaller than the range of action of the curved part of the bending plate 61 and the impact swing plate 63. The other end of the branch plate 74 is inserted into the slot 75 opened on the sliding base plate 514 and contacts one of the linkage swing plates 72. The slot 75 is connected to the embedded groove 71.

[0033] Based on the previous embodiment, this embodiment further provides a strain component 7 on the contact surface between the sliding base plate 514 and the inner side wall of the surrounding plate 513, and links the movement of the bending plate 61 with the strain component 7 through the branch plate 74. At the same time, a graded action logic is constructed between the impact component 6 and the strain component 7, so as to realize multi-level and progressive adjustment of the contact surface state and foreign object removal during the compression of the elastic reset structure 5 by external force.

[0034] The strain gauge assembly 7 includes an embedded groove 71 and multiple linked swing plates 72. The embedded groove 71 is formed on the contact surface between the sliding base plate 514 and the inner wall of the surrounding plate 513, that is, on the outer circumferential edge of the sliding base plate 514 or the inner wall of the surrounding plate 513. The embedded groove 71 extends circumferentially along the sliding base plate 514, forming a continuous strip-shaped groove structure. The linked swing plates 72 are thin sheet-like metal sheets, multiple in number and evenly arranged circumferentially. The middle part of each linked swing plate 72 is hinged to the embedded groove 71 through a hinge shaft, so that the linked swing plate 72 can rotate around the hinge shaft in the embedded groove 71. The internal swing plate 72 oscillates at a small angle, with one end of the swing plate 72 abutting against the inner sidewall of the surrounding plate 513. This abutting end can be set as arc-shaped or spherical to reduce the contact area and increase the contact pressure. The other end of the swing plate 72 is movably connected to the adjacent swing plate 72 through the connecting piece 73. The two ends of the connecting piece 73 are respectively hinged to the tail ends of the adjacent swing plate 72, so that multiple swing plates 72 form a series linkage structure. When one swing plate oscillates, the other swing plates oscillate synchronously. A branch plate 74 is provided on the curved part of the bent plate 61. The branch plate 74 is a slender plate structure, with one end fixedly connected to the curved part of the bent plate 61 and the other end extending downward.

[0035] The other end of the branch plate 74 is inserted into a slot 75 on the sliding base plate 514 and contacts one of the linkage swing pieces 72. The slot 75 is connected to the embedding groove 71. When the inserted end of the branch plate 74 moves in the slot 75, it pushes the linkage swing piece 72 in contact with it to swing around the hinge axis. The swing of the linkage swing piece 72 is transmitted to the adjacent linkage swing pieces 72 through the connecting piece 73, so that all the linkage swing pieces 72 swing synchronously in the embedding groove 71. When the linkage swing piece 72 swings, its contact end generates relative displacement and slight friction with the inner sidewall of the surrounding plate 513. This friction can push away, crush, or shake off the trace amounts of dust, oxide layer, or small particles attached to the contact surface between the sliding base plate 514 and the surrounding plate 513, causing them to detach from the critical contact area. When the top enclosure 512 rises, the branch plate 74 returns to its initial position under the action of the reset spring, while the linkage swing plate 72 is pushed back into the embedded groove 71 by the inner side wall of the enclosure 513, waiting for the next trigger; one end of the reset spring is fixed to the branch plate 74, and the other end is fixed to the end of the bent plate 61.

[0036] The distance between the end of the branch plate 74 and the effective range of the impact swing plate 63 is smaller than the effective range of the curved part of the bent plate 61 and the impact swing plate 63. That is, the branch plate 74 contacts the triggering part of the impact swing plate 63 or the automatic telescopic rod 62 earlier than the curved part of the bent plate 61. This allows the top enclosure 512 to enter the working stroke of the strain component 7 first when it is compressed by external force and moves downward: the branch plate 74 pushes the linkage swing plate 72 to swing. At this time, the strain component 7 acts alone to perform a slight disturbance and surface cleaning on the contact surface between the sliding base plate 514 and the enclosure 513. When the curved part of the bent plate 61 contacts and triggers the impact component 6, the impact component 6 produces a larger amplitude impact action, which performs strong vibration cleaning on the inside of the frame-type protective head 51, thus forming a double cleaning. The strain component 7 and the impact component 6 act sequentially. The strain component 7 performs pre-treatment of the contact surface first, and then the impact component 6 performs deep cleaning.

[0037] A method for detecting subgrade settlement of municipal roads, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Bury the settlement plate 1 in the soil layer to be monitored, and fix the settlement rod 2 vertically to the top of the settlement plate 1 so that the top of the settlement rod 2 extends vertically to the top surface of the roadbed; set up a protective cylinder 3 around the settlement rod 2, and anchor the bottom of the protective cylinder 3 in the foundation to ensure that the top of the protective cylinder 3 is lower than the top surface of the roadbed, and leave a buffer gap 4 between the inner wall of the protective cylinder 3 and the outer wall of the settlement rod 2. S2. Install a frame-type protective head 51 at the top of the settlement rod 2, slide the sliding base plate 514 into the limiting groove at the edge of the enclosure 513, and fix it to the bottom of the top enclosure 512; install an elastic element 511 between the bottom surface of the sliding base plate 514 and the bottom of the limiting groove, and detachably fix the bottom of the enclosure 513 to the top of the protective cylinder 3. S3. When the roadbed settles, the settlement plate 1 drives the settlement rod 2 to settle vertically in sync. When the top enclosure 512 is compressed by an external force, the sliding bottom plate 514 slides down along the limiting groove and the elastic element 511 is compressed. After the external force is removed, the elastic element 511 drives the sliding bottom plate 514 and the top enclosure 512 to rise back to the initial position. The rigid rod 21 always remains stationary and the settlement of the roadbed is fed back through the settlement amount of the settlement rod 2.

[0038] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A municipal road subgrade settlement detection device, comprising a settlement rod arranged vertically, characterized in that, The bottom end of the settlement bar is connected to a settlement plate for embedding in the soil layer to be monitored, and the top end of the settlement bar extends vertically to above the top surface of the roadbed. The settlement bar is surrounded by a protective cylinder. The bottom end of the protective cylinder is anchored in the foundation, the top end of the protective cylinder is lower than the top surface of the roadbed, and a buffer gap is left between the inner wall of the protective cylinder and the outer wall of the settlement bar. The top of the settlement bar is equipped with an elastic reset structure to protect the end of the settlement bar that extends out of the top surface of the roadbed.

2. The municipal road subgrade settlement detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic reset structure includes: a frame-shaped protective head disposed at the top of the settlement rod, and an elastic element disposed inside the frame-shaped protective head; The top enclosure of the frame-type protective head can be compressed vertically. When the external force is removed, it can be driven by the elastic element to rise back to the initial position, and the enclosure of the frame-type protective head remains fixed. The settlement bar consists of a rigid bar and an elastic body. The elastic body is located on top of the rigid bar and undergoes compression and reset motion relative to the rigid bar. During the compression and reset process of the frame-type protective head, the rigid bar remains stationary.

3. The municipal roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frame-type protective head includes a top enclosure, a sliding base plate, and a surrounding plate. The surrounding plate is set around the settlement bar, and the edge of the surrounding plate is bent into a limiting groove structure to allow the sliding base plate to slide up and down. The sliding base plate is slidably installed in the limiting groove and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the top enclosure. The top enclosure is set into an arched structure, and a through hole is opened in the center of the top enclosure. The top end of the elastic body extends out of the through hole, and the extension length is less than the compressible stroke of the frame-type protective head or flush with the top of the top enclosure. The elastic element is a compression spring, with the upper end of the compression spring abutting against the bottom surface of the sliding base plate and the lower end of the compression spring abutting against the bottom of the limiting groove. The top of the protective cylinder is detachably fixed to the bottom of the enclosure.

4. The municipal roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastomer includes an outer sleeve, which is fitted onto the top of a rigid rod. A support ring is fixedly installed on the outer ring of the top of the rigid rod. The top of the outer sleeve is sealed, and a support spring abuts between the inner top surface of the outer sleeve and the top of the rigid rod. An elastic limiting ring is provided on the outer ring of the outer sleeve, and the upper surface of the elastic limiting ring abuts against the inner top surface of the top enclosure to block the gap between the outer sleeve and the inner wall of the through hole.

5. The municipal roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, An impact assembly is also installed inside the enclosure. A curved plate is fixedly installed at the inner edge of the top enclosure. When the top enclosure is in its initial position, the bottom end of the curved plate is just out of the impact assembly's effective range.

6. The municipal roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The impact assembly includes an automatic telescopic rod, which is configured as an arc-shaped structure. The telescopic end of the automatic telescopic rod is hinged to the top of the impact swing plate. The bottom fulcrum of the impact swing plate is rotatably mounted on the bracket through the fulcrum shaft. The bottom of the bracket is fixedly set on the inner bottom surface of the enclosure.

7. The municipal road subgrade settlement detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A strain component is also provided on the contact surface between the sliding base plate and the inner wall of the enclosure. The strain component includes an embedded groove and multiple linkage swing plates. The middle part of each linkage swing plate is hinged in the embedded groove. The embedded groove is opened on the contact surface between the sliding base plate and the inner wall of the enclosure. One end of the linkage swing plate abuts against the inner wall of the enclosure, and the other end is movably connected to the adjacent linkage swing plate through a connecting piece. A branch plate is provided on the curved part of the bending plate. The distance between the end of the branch plate and the range of action of the impact swing plate is smaller than the range of action of the curved part of the bending plate and the impact swing plate. The other end of the branch plate is inserted into a slot opened on the sliding base plate and contacts one of the linkage swing plates. The slot and the embedded groove are connected.

8. A method for detecting subgrade settlement of municipal roads, wherein the method is applied to the subgrade settlement detection device of any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Bury the settlement plate in the soil layer to be monitored, and fix the settlement rod vertically to the top of the settlement plate so that the top of the settlement rod extends vertically to the top surface of the roadbed; set up a protective cylinder around the settlement rod, anchor the bottom of the protective cylinder in the foundation, ensure that the top of the protective cylinder is lower than the top surface of the roadbed, and leave a buffer gap between the inner wall of the protective cylinder and the outer wall of the settlement rod. S2. Install a frame-type protective head at the top of the settlement bar, slide the sliding base plate into the limiting groove at the edge of the enclosure, and fix it to the bottom of the top enclosure; install an elastic element between the bottom surface of the sliding base plate and the bottom of the limiting groove to detachably fix the bottom of the enclosure to the top of the protective cylinder. S3. When the roadbed settles, the settlement plate drives the settlement rod to settle vertically in sync. When the top enclosure is compressed by an external force, the sliding bottom plate slides down along the limiting groove and the elastic element is compressed. After the external force is removed, the elastic element drives the sliding bottom plate and the top enclosure to rise back to the initial position. The rigid rod remains stationary and the settlement of the roadbed is fed back through the settlement of the settlement rod.

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