A fault detection device and method based on distribution box maintenance

Abstract

This invention discloses a fault detection device and method based on distribution box maintenance, relating to the field of distribution box maintenance technology. It includes an isolated self-adjusting assembly disposed on one side of the fault detector body. The isolated self-adjusting assembly includes multiple clamping frames arranged in a sliding manner to prevent electromagnetic coupling and interference noise from being introduced when multiple cables are parallel and close together. The isolated self-adjusting assembly also includes multiple clamping sleeves and multiple contact sleeves for limiting the movement of multiple cables, enabling independent channels for the cables. Furthermore, the isolated self-adjusting assembly includes multiple arc-shaped frames and multiple rotating driven members to form a continuous contact surface between the cables and the inner wall of the arc-shaped frames, reducing stress concentration. As the force increases, it continues to transfer the force to an L-shaped plate, which moves at one end of the adjusting rod. The spring, under pressure, compresses and deforms, converting kinetic energy into elastic potential energy, thus reducing the force required for the cables to move towards the fault detector body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical distribution box maintenance technology, specifically to a fault detection device and method based on electrical distribution box maintenance. Background Technology

[0002] As the core equipment for power distribution and control, the reliability of the distribution box directly affects the safety of electricity use. The distribution box contains circuit breakers, contactors, terminals, and multi-circuit cables. After long-term operation, it is prone to safety hazards such as insulation aging, poor contact, arcing faults, and overload. Traditional maintenance methods mainly rely on manual periodic power outage inspections, using multimeters, insulation resistance testers, and cable fault detectors to measure point by point. The cable fault detector mainly applies a DC high voltage to the object under test and then measures the leakage current to calculate the insulation resistance value. It measures the insulation characteristics of the equipment and line itself, rather than locating the specific location of the fault point in the line. It is used to detect faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks. The high voltage pulse discharges the fault point, generating two signals: electromagnetic waves and vibration sound waves. The instrument receives these two signals. By moving the probe on the ground, the location where the sound is strongest and the time difference between the electromagnetic wave and the sound wave is smallest is directly above the fault point. Cable fault detectors require wiring in several key links, and often more than one wire.

[0003] Cable fault detectors typically consist of a transmitter and a receiver. Wiring work is mainly concentrated at the transmitter location. Depending on the detection purpose, the wiring method and number of wires vary. Cable fault detectors primarily use red and black wires, so before use, time must be spent untangling the tangled cables. Furthermore, among multiple similar red and black wires, it's easy to connect them to the wrong port or reverse the polarity, leading to signal abnormalities or even equipment damage, requiring repeated checks and reconnections. Additionally, the multiple red and black wires installed in the cable fault detector are often parallel and close together, generating electromagnetic coupling and introducing interference noise. The messy wire bundles are more easily pulled on the connection points during operation. Because the wire bundle interfaces are rigid, the force transmitted to the interfaces under dragging is large, causing severe wear at the interface-to-wire bundle connection, leading to short circuits to ground and endangering operator safety. When operators drag the wires, the force applied to the cable is also large, causing the cable to slip relative to the interface, resulting in scratches and wear on the cable sheath. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fault detection device and method based on the maintenance of distribution boxes, so as to solve the problem that the cable fault detector mentioned in the background art is mainly red and black in color. Therefore, before use, it is not only necessary to spend time to separate the tangled cables, but also easy to connect the wrong port or reverse the polarity among many similar red and black wires.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance, comprising: Fault detection instrument body; An isolated self-adjusting assembly is disposed on one side of the fault detector body. The isolated self-adjusting assembly includes multiple clamping frames arranged in a slide-like manner to avoid electromagnetic coupling and interference noise when multiple cables are parallel and attached. The isolated self-adjusting assembly includes multiple clamping sleeves and multiple contact sleeves for limiting multiple cables to achieve independent channels for multiple cables. The isolated self-adjusting assembly includes multiple arc-shaped frames and multiple rotating driven parts, which are used to form a continuous contact surface between the cable and the inner wall of the arc-shaped frame to reduce stress concentration; Each of the multiple arc-shaped frames is provided with two third magnet plates inside. The multiple third magnet plates are magnetically repelled by the first magnet plate and the second magnet plate installed on the driven member, which is used to automatically push the cable back to the middle balance position. A multi-layer clamping assembly is disposed inside an isolated self-adjusting assembly. The multi-layer clamping assembly includes soft silicone and an elastomer, and protects the cable sheath and provides clamping force by employing a hardness-increasing structure. A curved resistance-reducing component is disposed on one side of an isolated self-adjusting component. The curved resistance-reducing component includes multiple rotatable rollers for distributing the weight and tensile force of the cable.

[0006] Preferably, the isolated self-adjusting assembly further includes two adjusting plates, a trapezoidal plate, multiple L-shaped blocks, multiple adjusting frames, multiple adjusting rods, and multiple springs. The two adjusting plates are respectively disposed on one side of the fault detector body, the trapezoidal plate is disposed between the two adjusting plates, the multiple L-shaped blocks are respectively disposed on the top of the trapezoidal plate, the multiple adjusting frames are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple L-shaped blocks, the multiple adjusting rods are respectively disposed inside the multiple adjusting frames, and the multiple springs are respectively wound around the outside of the multiple adjusting rods.

[0007] Preferably, the isolated self-adjusting assembly further includes multiple L-shaped plates, multiple displacement rods, multiple displacement blocks, and multiple stabilizing plates. The multiple L-shaped plates are respectively sleeved on one end of the multiple adjustment rods, the multiple displacement rods are respectively disposed inside the multiple clamping frames, the multiple displacement blocks are respectively sleeved on one end of the multiple displacement rods, and the multiple stabilizing plates are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple clamping frames.

[0008] Preferably, the isolated self-adjusting assembly further includes multiple stabilizing blocks, multiple vertical strips, multiple vertical plates, and a through rod. The multiple vertical plates are respectively disposed at the bottom of a portion of the stabilizing plates, the multiple stabilizing blocks are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple stabilizing plates, the multiple vertical strips are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple stabilizing blocks, and the through rod is disposed between the multiple vertical plates.

[0009] Preferably, the isolated self-adjusting assembly further includes an extension plate, an embedded strip, a servo motor, a gear, and a rack. The embedded strip is disposed inside the fault detector body, the rack is sleeved on one end of the embedded strip, the extension plate is disposed on one side of the rack, the servo motor is disposed on one side of the fault detector body, and one side of the gear is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor.

[0010] Preferably, the gear meshes with the rack, and the rack is movably sleeved with one end of the embedded bar to drive one part of the stabilizing plate to approach another part of the stabilizing plate.

[0011] Preferably, the multi-layer clamping assembly further includes a hard plastic material to enhance the clamping force of the contact sleeve on the outer surface of the cable.

[0012] Preferably, the curved drag-reducing assembly further includes multiple drag-reducing blocks, multiple drag-reducing rings, and multiple drag-reducing shafts. The multiple drag-reducing blocks are respectively disposed on one side of multiple stabilizing plates, one side of each of the multiple drag-reducing rings is respectively disposed on one side of the multiple drag-reducing blocks, the multiple drag-reducing shafts are respectively disposed inside the multiple drag-reducing rings, and the multiple rollers are respectively sleeved on the ends of the multiple drag-reducing shafts.

[0013] Preferably, a sealed cover is provided on one side of the fault detector body to enable the opening and closing of the fault detector body, and a wiring port is provided on the top of the fault detector body for cable insertion.

[0014] A fault detection method for a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance includes the following steps: S1: Preparation and wiring before maintenance: Before operation, the tangled cables should be sorted out, the test leads of different functions should be distinguished, and the output terminal of the transmitter should be correctly connected to the core wire, shielding layer or grounding terminal of the target cable. S2: Applying a high-voltage pulse and signal excitation: After the wiring is completed, the transmitter applies a high-voltage pulse to the cable under test. When the pulse propagates to the fault point, it will trigger a discharge phenomenon. S3: Ground signal reception and path tracing: The operator holds a receiver and moves along the ground along the cable laying path. The receiver's built-in sensor can simultaneously capture electromagnetic wave and sound wave signals. By monitoring the intensity changes of electromagnetic waves, the direction of the cable can be preliminarily determined. Since electromagnetic waves travel much faster than sound waves, the smaller the time difference, the closer the receiving point is to the fault point. S4: Precise fault location: Based on the receiver's instructions and time difference readings, the operator can lock onto the fault point. After confirming the fault location, the operator marks the point and proceeds with excavation and further processing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, by using trapezoidal plates arranged at an angle, multiple stabilizing plates can be arranged in a trapezoidal form, avoiding parallel distribution. The cables remain parallel and closely attached, making them difficult to distinguish. This avoids electromagnetic coupling and interference noise introduced when multiple cables are parallel and close together. As the cable is subjected to force, the force is transmitted to the driven component. The driven component swings inside the arc-shaped frame. During the swinging process, when the cable is subjected to tensile force, the pressure it receives is automatically buffered by the swinging motion, preventing severe damage to the cable surface due to excessive pressure. The first and second magnetic plates are magnetically attracted, while the first magnetic plate and a nearby third magnetic plate are magnetically repelled. The second magnetic plate and a nearby third magnetic plate... The three magnetic plates repel each other. When the follower moves, the two third magnetic plates can limit the large swing of the follower inside the arc frame. This is used to automatically push the cable back to the middle position. This can not only ensure that the kinetic energy of the cable can be reduced when it is under force, but also avoid the large swing of the cable, which would increase the friction coefficient between the follower and the inner wall of the arc frame. This effect can improve the service life of the follower. After the arc frame is under pressure, as the force increases, it will continue to transfer the force to the L-shaped plate. The L-shaped plate moves at one end of the adjusting rod. The spring will be compressed and deformed when it is under force, converting kinetic energy into elastic potential energy, reducing the force of the cable moving towards the fault detection instrument body.

[0016] In this invention, the elastic body undergoes elastic deformation to absorb and dissipate some energy, improving the cable's peel strength and preventing delamination over long-term use. The rigid plastic provides structural rigidity, serving as the skeleton of the entire clamping mechanism. The rigid plastic provides rigid support to the clamping mechanism, ensuring that the clamping force can be transmitted to the cable. The outer anti-slip layer, the middle buffer layer, and the inner load-bearing layer work together to absorb impact energy and protect the cable root from damage. The drag-reducing shaft is a slender cylindrical rod made of stainless steel, possessing hardness and a smooth surface. The roller is a hollow cylinder made of aluminum alloy, with anti-slip features on its outer circumference. The textured surface is used for direct contact with the cable. When the operator passes the test cable through the contact sleeve of the isolated self-adjusting component, the cable will simultaneously pass through the roller surface of the curved drag-reducing component. At this time, the cable and the outer circumference of the roller form line contact. During the dragging process, the operator applies a pulling force to make the cable move along its axial direction. Due to the friction between the cable and the roller, this friction force drives the roller to rotate passively around the drag-reducing axis. The rotation direction of the roller is the same as the movement direction of the cable, so that the relative motion mode between the cable and the roller changes from sliding friction to rolling friction. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to the present invention; Figure 2 This invention relates to a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance. Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a partial side view of the structure of a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the isolated self-adjusting component in a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to the present invention; Figure 5 This invention relates to a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance. Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 This invention relates to a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance. Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-layer clamping assembly in a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a partial top view of the structure of a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a partial front view of the structure of a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the curved resistance-reducing component in a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 100, Fault Detector Body; 101, Sealed Cover; 102, Wiring Port; 2, Isolated Self-Adjusting Component; 201, Adjusting Plate; 202, Trapezoidal Plate; 203, L-shaped Block; 204, Adjusting Frame; 205, Adjusting Rod; 206, Spring; 207, L-shaped Plate; 208, Arc-shaped Frame; 209, Follower; 210, Clamping Frame; 211, First Magnet Plate; 212, Second Magnet Plate; 213, Third Magnet Plate; 214, Displacement Rod; 215, Displacement Block; 2 16. Stabilizing plate; 217. Stabilizing block; 218. Vertical bar; 219. Clamping sleeve; 220. Contact sleeve; 221. Vertical plate; 222. Through rod; 223. Extension plate; 224. Embedded bar; 225. Servo motor; 226. Gear; 227. Rack; 3. Multi-layer clamping assembly; 301. Soft silicone; 302. Elastomer; 303. Hard plastic; 4. Curved surface drag-reducing assembly; 401. Drag-reducing block; 402. Drag-reducing ring; 403. Drag-reducing shaft; 404. Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To address the problems of existing fault detection devices based on distribution box maintenance, where cable fault detectors primarily use red and black wires, requiring time to untangle tangled cables before use, and easily leading to incorrect connection or reversed polarity among multiple similar red and black wires, this invention provides a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: including: Fault detection instrument body 100; The isolation self-adjusting component 2 is located on one side of the fault detector body 100. The isolation self-adjusting component 2 includes multiple clamping frames 210 arranged in a slide-like manner to avoid electromagnetic coupling and interference noise when multiple cables are parallel and attached. The isolation self-adjusting component 2 includes multiple clamping sleeves 219 and multiple contact sleeves 220 for limiting multiple cables to realize independent channels for multiple cables. The isolated self-adjusting assembly 2 includes multiple arc-shaped frames 208 and multiple rotatable followers 209, which are used to form a continuous contact surface between the cable and the inner wall of the arc-shaped frame 208 to reduce stress concentration; Each of the multiple arc-shaped frames 208 has two third magnet plates 213 inside. The multiple third magnet plates 213 are magnetically repelled by the first magnet plate 211 and the second magnet plate 212 installed on the follower 209, respectively, and are used to automatically push the cable back to the middle balance position. The multi-layer clamping assembly 3 is located inside the isolated self-adjusting assembly 2. The multi-layer clamping assembly 3 includes soft silicone 301 and elastomer 302. By adopting a hardness-increasing structure, it protects the cable sheath and provides clamping force. The curved surface type resistance reduction component 4 is disposed on one side of the isolated self-adjusting component 2. The curved surface type resistance reduction component 4 includes multiple rotatable rollers 404 for distributing the weight and tensile force of the cable.

[0021] A sealed cover 101 is provided on one side of the fault detector body 100 to enable the opening and closing of the fault detector body 100. A wiring port 102 is provided on the top of the fault detector body 100 for cable insertion. The sealed cover 101 is movably hinged to one side of the fault detector body 100.

[0022] The operator first selects the appropriate detection mode based on the fault type and determines the wiring scheme for the transmitter and receiver. Since the fault detector body 100 is typically equipped with multiple red and black test cables, and the wiring method varies depending on the detection purpose, path detection requires connecting the red end of the transmitter to the target core wire and the black end to ground; cable identification requires forming a closed loop. Before operation, the required cable must be selected and separated from the tangled cable bundle. After wiring, the transmitter applies a high-voltage pulse to the cable under test. When the pulse propagates to the fault point, it triggers a discharge phenomenon, and electromagnetic waves propagate in all directions at the speed of light. The operator holds the receiver and moves it along the cable laying path on the ground. The receiver's built-in sensor can simultaneously capture electromagnetic and acoustic signals. By monitoring changes in the electromagnetic field strength, the cable's direction and depth can be preliminarily determined. During this process, the receiver calculates the arrival time difference between the two signals in real time. Since electromagnetic waves travel much faster than sound waves, the smaller the time difference, the closer the receiving point is to the fault point. At this stage, operators usually need to scan along the cable path multiple times. When the receiver is moved directly above the fault point, the discharge sound is clearest. Based on the receiver's sound intensity indication, time difference reading, and the discharge sound heard through headphones, the operator can pinpoint the fault location. After confirming the fault location, the operator marks the point and records the relevant data. Then, excavation or repair work is carried out. After the repair is completed, the fault detection instrument 100 needs to be used again to retest the original fault area to confirm that the fault signal has disappeared and the line has returned to normal. Finally, all wiring is removed, the test cables are sorted and stored according to category, the site is cleaned up, and the entire repair process is completed.

[0023] To address the issue of multiple similar red and black wires being easily connected to the wrong port or reversed polarity, leading to abnormal signals or even damage to the equipment, an isolated self-adjusting component 2 is used to separate and arrange multiple cables.

[0024] Preferably, the specific working process of the isolated self-adjusting component 2 is as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the isolated self-adjusting assembly 2 also includes two adjusting plates 201, a trapezoidal plate 202, multiple L-shaped blocks 203, multiple adjusting frames 204, multiple adjusting rods 205, and multiple springs 206. The two adjusting plates 201 are respectively disposed on one side of the fault detector body 100, the trapezoidal plate 202 is disposed between the two adjusting plates 201, the multiple L-shaped blocks 203 are respectively disposed on the top of the trapezoidal plate 202, the multiple adjusting frames 204 are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple L-shaped blocks 203, the multiple adjusting rods 205 are respectively disposed inside the multiple adjusting frames 204, and the multiple springs 206 are respectively wound around the outside of the multiple adjusting rods 205. The isolated self-adjusting assembly 2 also includes multiple L-shaped plates 207 and multiple displacement rods. 214. Multiple displacement blocks 215 and multiple stabilizing plates 216, multiple L-shaped plates 207 respectively sleeved on one end of multiple adjusting rods 205, multiple displacement rods 214 respectively disposed inside multiple clamping frames 210, multiple displacement blocks 215 respectively sleeved on one end of multiple displacement rods 214, multiple stabilizing plates 216 respectively disposed on one side of multiple clamping frames 210, trapezoidal plates 202 fixedly installed between two adjusting plates 201, the bottom of multiple L-shaped blocks 203 respectively fixed to the top of trapezoidal plates 202, one side of multiple adjusting frames 204 respectively fixed to one side of multiple L-shaped blocks 203, multiple adjusting rods 205 respectively fixedly disposed inside multiple adjusting frames 204, and L-shaped plates 207... 7 is movably sleeved on the end of the adjusting rod 205. Multiple springs 206 are respectively wound around the outside of the multiple adjusting rods 205, and one end of each spring 206 is fixed to one side of the L-shaped plate 207, used to drive the L-shaped plate 207 to move and return to its initial position after losing force. One side of each of two adjacent L-shaped plates 207 is fixed to one side of the arc frame 208. As the L-shaped plate 207 moves, it drives the corresponding arc frame 208 to move. Multiple third magnet plates 213 are respectively fixedly installed inside the multiple arc frames 208. Multiple driven members 209 move inside the multiple arc frames 208, and multiple first magnet plates 211 and multiple second magnet plates 212 are respectively fixedly installed inside the multiple driven members 208. On both sides of component 209, the bottoms of multiple clamping frames 210 are fixed to the tops of multiple driven components 209, and multiple displacement rods 214 are fixedly installed inside the multiple clamping frames 210. Multiple displacement blocks 215 are movably sleeved on one end of the multiple displacement rods 214. One side of a portion of the stabilizing plates 216 is fixed to one side of the multiple displacement blocks 215. The trapezoidal plate 202 is inclined, which can arrange the multiple stabilizing plates 216 in a trapezoidal shape to avoid parallel distribution. The cables are always parallel and close together, making them difficult to distinguish. This avoids electromagnetic coupling and interference noise introduced when multiple cables are parallel and close together. Multiple cables are inserted between two corresponding contact sleeves 220 and clamped by them. (Refer to the attached document.) Figure 3As can be seen, the height of the multiple stabilizing plates 216 increases sequentially from left to right. After the cable is clamped by the contact sleeve 220, as the cable is subjected to force, the force is transmitted to the driven member 209. The driven member 209 will swing inside the arc frame 208. During the swinging process, when the cable is subjected to tensile force, it can automatically buffer the pressure it receives by swinging, avoiding severe damage to the cable surface due to excessive pressure. The first magnet plate 211 and the second magnet plate 212 are magnetically attracted, while the first magnet plate 211 and a nearby third magnet plate 213 are magnetically repelled, and the second magnet plate 212 and a nearby third magnet plate 213 are magnetically repelled. The two third magnet plates 213 can limit the movement of the driven member 209 inside the arc frame 208 when it moves. The oscillation is used to automatically push the cable back to the middle position. This not only ensures that the kinetic energy of the cable is reduced when it is under force, but also avoids the cable swinging too much, which would increase the friction coefficient between the driven member 209 and the inner wall of the arc frame 208. This effect can improve the service life of the driven member 209. The adjustment frame 204 is mainly fixed to the top of the trapezoidal plate 202 by the L-shaped block 203. The L-shaped block 203 mainly supports the adjustment frame 204. After the arc frame 208 is subjected to pressure, as the force increases, it will continue to transfer the force to the L-shaped plate 207. The L-shaped plate 207 moves at one end of the adjustment rod 205. When the spring 206 is subjected to force, it will be compressed and deformed, converting kinetic energy into elastic potential energy, reducing the force that causes the cable to move towards the fault detection instrument body 100.

[0025] It should be noted that because spring 206 is elastic, it will compress and deform when subjected to force. When the pressure is released, spring 206 will return to its initial state due to the elastic effect. Spring 206 gradually extends and stretches. Operators can use labels to mark the cable names and then stick the labels to the surface of the stabilization plate 216. Multiple cables can also be distinguished, which is convenient for selecting the appropriate cables for wiring during subsequent maintenance of the distribution box.

[0026] Preferably, the specific working process of the isolated self-adjusting component 2 is as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the isolated self-adjusting assembly 2 also includes multiple stabilizing blocks 217, multiple vertical bars 218, multiple vertical plates 221, and a through rod 222. The multiple vertical plates 221 are respectively disposed at the bottom of a portion of the stabilizing plates 216, the multiple stabilizing blocks 217 are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple stabilizing plates 216, the multiple vertical bars 218 are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple stabilizing blocks 217, and the through rod 222 is disposed between the multiple vertical plates 221. The isolated self-adjusting assembly 2 also includes an extension plate 223, an embedded bar 224, a servo motor 225, a gear 226, and a rack 227. The embedded bar 224 is disposed inside the fault detector body 100, the rack 227 is sleeved on one end of the embedded bar 224, and the extension plate 223 is disposed on the rack. On one side of 227, a servo motor 225 is mounted on one side of the fault detector body 100. One side of a gear 226 is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 225. The gear 226 meshes with a rack 227. The rack 227 is movably sleeved with one end of an embedded bar 224, used to drive one part of the stabilizing plate 216 to approach another part of the stabilizing plate 216. Multiple stabilizing blocks 217 are fixed to one side of multiple stabilizing plates 216 respectively. One end of multiple vertical bars 218 is fixed to one side of multiple stabilizing blocks 217 respectively. One side of multiple clamping sleeves 219 is fixed to the other end of multiple vertical bars 218 respectively. Multiple contact sleeves 220 are fixedly mounted on the outside of multiple clamping sleeves 219. The top of multiple vertical plates 221... Each of the stabilizing plates 216 is fixed to its bottom. A through rod 222 is fixedly inserted into the interior of multiple vertical plates 221. An embedded strip 224 is fixedly installed inside the fault detector body 100. A servo motor 225 is fixedly installed on one side of the fault detector body 100. A rack 227 is movably sleeved on one end of the embedded strip 224. With the start of the servo motor 225, the gear 226, which is connected to its output shaft, rotates, causing the rack 227 to move left and right. Then, connected by the extension plate 223, it causes multiple stabilizing plates 216 to move left and right. A displacement block 215 moves left and right at one end of the displacement rod 214. When the cable is placed between the two contact sleeves 220… The operator starts the servo motor 225, which first drives the gear 226, which is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 225, to rotate. Since the gear 226 is meshed with the rack 227, it also drives the rack 227 to move left and right at one end of the insert bar 224. Since the rack 227 is connected to the extension plate 223, the extension plate 223 will also move synchronously with the rack 227 when the rack 227 moves. Under the connection of the through rod 222, it drives multiple stabilizing plates 216 to move synchronously. When the rack 227 moves to the right, it drives multiple stabilizing plates 216 to move to the right. The stabilizing plates 216 in this part gradually approach the other stabilizing plates 216, and then the two contact sleeves 220 approach each other, thereby clamping the cable.

[0027] To address the issues of easily damaged cable sheaths and insufficient clamping force, a multi-layer clamping assembly 3 is designed to protect the cable sheath while providing sufficient clamping force.

[0028] Preferably, the specific working process of the multi-layer clamping assembly 3 is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the multi-layer clamping assembly 3 also includes a hard plastic 303 to enhance the clamping force of the contact sleeve 220 on the outer surface of the cable. The soft silicone 301 is made of soft silicone material and directly contacts the cable sheath. The elastomer 302 is made of elastomer material and adheres to the inner side of the outer flexible layer. The hard plastic 303 is made of hard plastic and serves as the base of the clamping structure. The three layers are formed by secondary injection molding and hot-pressing bonding to form a gradient structure with increasing hardness from the outside to the inside. The three components constitute the contact sleeve 220. The soft silicone 301 forms a flexible contact with the cable sheath, distributing the clamping pressure evenly on the contact surface and avoiding stress concentration. The silicone material has a high coefficient of friction, providing sufficient anti-slip resistance to prevent the cable from slipping out during clamping. For cables of different diameters, the soft silicone 301 can produce adaptive deformation, supporting the thin and soft cable and ensuring it is evenly wrapped rather than locally compressed. The elastomer 302 acts as a stress buffer. The outer layer absorbs impact energy, achieving a smooth transition from soft to hard. If only soft silicone 301 and hard plastic 303 are directly bonded, the difference in hardness between the two is too large, and shear stress concentration will occur at the interface when force is applied, which can easily cause soft silicone 301 to peel off from the hard surface. At the same time, the hard layer has poor impact absorption capacity, and vibration will be directly transmitted to the cable. Elastomer 302, as an intermediate transition layer, has a hardness between soft silicone 301 and hard plastic 303, forming a gradient buffer. When the cable is dragged and pulled, elastomer 302 undergoes elastic deformation, absorbing and dissipating some energy, improving the cable's peel strength and preventing delamination over long-term use. Hard plastic 303 provides structural rigidity, serving as the skeleton of the entire clamping mechanism. Hard plastic 303 provides rigid support for the clamping mechanism, ensuring that the clamping force can be transmitted to the cable. The outer anti-slip layer, the middle buffer layer, and the inner load-bearing layer work together to absorb impact energy and protect the cable root from damage.

[0029] To address the issue of heavy dragging of cables by operators, resulting in slippage between the cable and the connector and severe wear on the outer sheath, a curved resistance-reducing component 4 is installed to reduce the force required for operators to drag the cables.

[0030] Preferably, the specific working process of the curved surface drag-reducing component 4 is as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 10As shown, the curved drag-reducing assembly 4 also includes multiple drag-reducing blocks 401, multiple drag-reducing rings 402, and multiple drag-reducing shafts 403. The multiple drag-reducing blocks 401 are respectively disposed on one side of multiple stabilizing plates 216, one side of each of the multiple drag-reducing rings 402 is respectively disposed on one side of each of the multiple drag-reducing blocks 401, and the multiple drag-reducing shafts 403 are respectively disposed inside the multiple drag-reducing rings 402. Multiple rollers 404 are respectively sleeved on the ends of the multiple drag-reducing shafts 403. The multiple drag-reducing blocks 401 are respectively fixed to one side of each of the multiple stabilizing plates 216, one side of each of the multiple drag-reducing rings 402 is respectively fixed to one side of each of the multiple drag-reducing blocks 401, and the multiple drag-reducing shafts 403 are respectively fixed... Multiple resistance-reducing rings 402 are housed inside multiple rollers 404, each movably fitted with one end of a multiple resistance-reducing shaft 403. The curved resistance-reducing assembly 4 is used to reduce frictional resistance during cable dragging, lessen the dragging force exerted by the operator, and protect the cable sheath from wear. The resistance-reducing block 401 is made of polyoxymethylene and serves as a support for the entire assembly, providing a stable mounting base for subsequent components. The resistance-reducing rings 402 are annular and made of polyurethane. The inner surface of the resistance-reducing rings 402 is smooth, allowing for rolling contact with the rollers 404, while also providing cushioning and noise reduction. The resistance-reducing shaft 403 is a slender cylindrical rod. Made of stainless steel, possessing hardness and a smooth surface, roller 404 is a hollow cylinder made of aluminum alloy. Its outer circumference is textured with anti-slip patterns for direct contact with the cable. When the operator passes the test cable through the contact sleeve 220 of the isolated self-adjusting assembly 2, the cable simultaneously passes over the surface of roller 404 of the curved drag-reducing assembly 4. At this point, the cable forms line contact with the outer circumference of roller 404. During cable dragging, the operator applies a pulling force to move the cable axially. Due to the friction between the cable and roller 404, this friction drives roller 404 to passively rotate around the drag-reducing axis 403. The rotation direction is the same as the cable movement direction, which changes the relative motion between the cable and the roller 404 from sliding friction to rolling friction. The drag-reducing ring 402 acts as a flexible pad, absorbing the unevenness of the cable surface and reducing the impact noise on the drag-reducing shaft 403 when the roller 404 rotates. The drag-reducing block 401 firmly connects the entire assembly to the stabilizing plate 216, ensuring that the assembly does not shift during operation. Operators only need a very small pulling force to smoothly pull out or retract the cable, significantly improving the comfort and efficiency of maintenance work, avoiding indentations or scratches on the cable surface, making the dragging process extremely quiet, and improving the user experience of the equipment.

[0031] Working principle: The trapezoidal plate 202 is inclined, which can arrange multiple stabilizing plates 216 in a trapezoidal shape to avoid parallel distribution. The cables are always parallel and close together, making them difficult to distinguish. This avoids electromagnetic coupling and interference noise introduced when multiple cables are parallel and close together. Multiple cables are inserted between two corresponding contact sleeves 220 and held by them. (Refer to the attached document.) Figure 3As can be seen, the height of the multiple stabilizing plates 216 increases sequentially from left to right. After the cable is clamped by the contact sleeve 220, as the cable is subjected to force, the force is transmitted to the driven member 209. The driven member 209 will swing inside the arc frame 208. During the swinging process, when the cable is subjected to tensile force, it can automatically buffer the pressure it receives by swinging, avoiding severe damage to the cable surface due to excessive pressure. The first magnet plate 211 and the second magnet plate 212 are magnetically attracted, while the first magnet plate 211 and a nearby third magnet plate 213 are magnetically repelled, and the second magnet plate 212 and a nearby third magnet plate 213 are magnetically repelled. The two third magnet plates 213 can limit the large swinging of the driven member 209 inside the arc frame 208 when the driven member 209 moves. The actuator 204 automatically pushes the cable back to the middle position, ensuring that the kinetic energy of the cable is reduced when under force and preventing large-scale swaying of the cable, which would increase the friction coefficient between the driven component 209 and the inner wall of the arc frame 208. This effect improves the service life of the driven component 209. The adjusting frame 204 is mainly fixed to the top of the trapezoidal plate 202 by the L-shaped block 203, which mainly supports the adjusting frame 204. When the arc frame 208 is under pressure, as the force increases, it will continue to transfer the force to the L-shaped plate 207. The L-shaped plate 207 moves at one end of the adjusting rod 205, and the spring 206 will be compressed and deformed under force, converting kinetic energy into elastic potential energy, reducing the force that causes the cable to move towards the fault detection instrument body 100. With the servo... The starting of motor 225 drives gear 226, which is connected to its output shaft, to rotate. This, in turn, causes rack 227, which is meshed with rack 227, to move left and right. Then, connected to extension plate 223, multiple stabilizing plates 216 move left and right. Displacement block 215 moves left and right at one end of displacement rod 214. When the cable is placed between the two contact sleeves 220, the operator starts servo motor 225. First, it drives gear 226, which is connected to the output shaft of servo motor 225, to rotate. Since gear 226 meshes with rack 227, rack 227 moves left and right at one end of embedded bar 224. Because rack 227 is connected to extension plate 223, when rack 227 moves, extension plate 226 moves left and right. 3 will also move synchronously with the rack 227. Under the connection of the through rod 222, it will drive multiple stabilizing plates 216 to move synchronously. When the rack 227 moves to the right, it will drive multiple stabilizing plates 216 to move to the right. The stabilizing plates 216 in this part will gradually move closer to the other stabilizing plates 216, and then bring the two contact sleeves 220 closer to each other, thereby clamping the cable. The three layers of materials are formed by secondary injection molding and hot pressing and bonding, forming a gradient structure with hardness gradually increasing from the outside to the inside. The three layers form the contact sleeve 220. The soft silicone 301 forms a flexible contact with the cable sheath, evenly distributing the clamping pressure on the contact surface and avoiding stress concentration. The silicone material has a high coefficient of friction, which can provide sufficient anti-slip resistance to prevent the cable from slipping off in the clamped state.For cables of different diameters, the soft silicone 301 can adapt to deformation, supporting the thin and soft cable and ensuring it is evenly wrapped rather than locally compressed. The elastomer 302 acts as a stress buffer layer, absorbing impact energy and achieving a smooth transition from soft to hard. If only the soft silicone 301 and the hard plastic 303 are directly bonded, the difference in hardness between the two will be too large, resulting in shear stress concentration at the interface under stress, which may cause the soft silicone 301 to peel off from the hard surface. At the same time, the hard layer has poor impact absorption capacity, and vibration will be directly transmitted to the cable. The elastomer 302 acts as an intermediate transition layer, with a hardness between the soft silicone 301 and the hard plastic 303, forming a gradient buffer. When the cable is subjected to dragging and pulling impacts... When the elastic body 302 undergoes elastic deformation, it absorbs and dissipates some energy, improving the cable's peel strength and preventing delamination over long-term use. The rigid plastic 303 provides structural rigidity, serving as the skeleton of the entire clamping mechanism. The rigid plastic 303 provides rigid support for the clamping mechanism, ensuring that the clamping force can be transmitted to the cable. The outer anti-slip layer, the middle buffer layer, and the inner load-bearing layer work together to absorb impact energy and protect the cable root from damage. The drag-reducing block 401 is made of polyoxymethylene and serves as a support component for the entire assembly, providing a stable mounting base for subsequent components. The drag-reducing ring 402 is annular and made of polyurethane. The inner surface of the drag-reducing ring 402 is smooth, allowing it to form rolling contact with the roller 404. Simultaneously serving as a buffer and noise reduction mechanism, the drag-reducing shaft 403 is a slender cylindrical rod made of stainless steel, possessing hardness and a smooth surface. The roller 404 is a hollow cylinder made of aluminum alloy, with anti-slip textures on its outer circumference for direct contact with the cable. When the operator passes the test cable through the contact sleeve 220 of the isolated self-adjusting component 2, the cable simultaneously passes over the surface of the roller 404 of the curved drag-reducing component 4. At this time, the cable forms line contact with the outer circumference of the roller 404. During the cable dragging process, the operator applies a pulling force to move the cable along its axial direction. Due to the friction between the cable and the roller 404, this friction drives the roller 404 to rotate around the drag-reducing shaft. The passive rotation of roller 403 and roller 404, with the rotation direction matching the cable's movement direction, transforms the relative motion between the cable and roller 404 from sliding friction to rolling friction. The drag-reducing ring 402 acts as a flexible pad, absorbing the impact noise from uneven cable surfaces and reducing the impact noise on the drag-reducing shaft 403 during roller 404 rotation. The drag-reducing block 401 securely connects the entire assembly to the stabilizing plate 216, ensuring no displacement during operation. Operators can smoothly pull out or retract the cable with minimal force, significantly improving the comfort and efficiency of maintenance work. This prevents indentations or scratches on the cable surface, making the dragging process extremely quiet and enhancing the user experience.

[0032] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance, characterized in that, include: Fault detection instrument body (100); An isolated self-adjusting assembly (2) is disposed on one side of the fault detector body (100). The isolated self-adjusting assembly (2) includes multiple clamping frames (210) arranged in a slide-like manner to avoid electromagnetic coupling and interference noise when multiple cables are parallel and attached. The isolated self-adjusting assembly (2) includes multiple clamping sleeves (219) and multiple contact sleeves (220) for limiting multiple cables to realize independent channels for multiple cables. The isolated self-adjusting assembly (2) includes multiple arc-shaped frames (208) and multiple rotatable followers (209) for the cable to form a continuous contact surface with the inner wall of the arc-shaped frame (208) to reduce stress concentration; Each of the multiple arc-shaped frames (208) is provided with two third magnet plates (213). The multiple third magnet plates (213) are magnetically repelled by the first magnet plate (211) and the second magnet plate (212) installed on the follower (209), respectively, and are used to automatically push the cable back to the middle balance position. A multi-layer clamping assembly (3) is disposed inside an isolated self-adjusting assembly (2). The multi-layer clamping assembly (3) includes soft silicone (301) and an elastomer (302). By adopting a hardness-increasing structure, it protects the cable sheath and provides clamping force. A curved resistance reducing component (4) is disposed on one side of the isolated self-adjusting component (2). The curved resistance reducing component (4) includes a plurality of rotatable rollers (404) for sharing the weight and tensile force of the cable.

2. The fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolated self-adjusting assembly (2) further includes two adjusting plates (201), a trapezoidal plate (202), multiple L-shaped blocks (203), multiple adjusting frames (204), multiple adjusting rods (205), and multiple springs (206). The two adjusting plates (201) are respectively disposed on one side of the fault detector body (100), the trapezoidal plate (202) is disposed between the two adjusting plates (201), the multiple L-shaped blocks (203) are respectively disposed on the top of the trapezoidal plate (202), the multiple adjusting frames (204) are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple L-shaped blocks (203), the multiple adjusting rods (205) are respectively disposed inside the multiple adjusting frames (204), and the multiple springs (206) are respectively wound around the outside of the multiple adjusting rods (205).

3. The fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The isolated self-adjusting assembly (2) also includes multiple L-shaped plates (207), multiple displacement rods (214), multiple displacement blocks (215), and multiple stabilizing plates (216). The multiple L-shaped plates (207) are respectively sleeved on one end of the multiple adjustment rods (205), the multiple displacement rods (214) are respectively disposed inside the multiple clamping frames (210), the multiple displacement blocks (215) are respectively sleeved on one end of the multiple displacement rods (214), and the multiple stabilizing plates (216) are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple clamping frames (210).

4. The fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to claim 3, characterized in that: The isolated self-adjusting assembly (2) further includes multiple stabilizing blocks (217), multiple vertical bars (218), multiple vertical plates (221), and a through rod (222). The multiple vertical plates (221) are respectively disposed at the bottom of a portion of the stabilizing plates (216), the multiple stabilizing blocks (217) are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple stabilizing plates (216), the multiple vertical bars (218) are respectively disposed on one side of the multiple stabilizing blocks (217), and the through rod (222) is disposed between the multiple vertical plates (221).

5. The fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to claim 4, characterized in that: The isolated self-adjusting assembly (2) also includes an extension plate (223), an insert strip (224), a servo motor (225), a gear (226), and a rack (227). The insert strip (224) is disposed inside the fault detector body (100). The rack (227) is sleeved on one end of the insert strip (224). The extension plate (223) is disposed on one side of the rack (227). The servo motor (225) is disposed on one side of the fault detector body (100). One side of the gear (226) is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (225) for transmission.

6. The fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gear (226) meshes with the rack (227), and the rack (227) is movably sleeved with one end of the insert bar (224) to drive one part of the stabilizing plate (216) to approach another part of the stabilizing plate (216).

7. The fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer clamping assembly (3) also includes a hard plastic (303) for enhancing the clamping force of the contact sleeve (220) on the outer surface of the cable.

8. The fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curved surface drag-reducing component (4) further includes multiple drag-reducing blocks (401), multiple drag-reducing rings (402), and multiple drag-reducing shafts (403). The multiple drag-reducing blocks (401) are respectively disposed on one side of multiple stabilizing plates (216), one side of multiple drag-reducing rings (402) is respectively disposed on one side of multiple drag-reducing blocks (401), the multiple drag-reducing shafts (403) are respectively disposed inside multiple drag-reducing rings (402), and multiple rollers (404) are respectively sleeved on the ends of multiple drag-reducing shafts (403).

9. The fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealed cover (101) is provided on one side of the fault detector body (100) for opening and closing the fault detector body (100). A wiring port (102) is provided on the top of the fault detector body (100) for cable insertion.

10. A detection method for a fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance, the method being applicable to the fault detection device based on distribution box maintenance as described in claims 1-9, characterized in that... Includes the following methods: S1: Preparation and wiring before maintenance: Before operation, the tangled cables should be sorted out, the test leads of different functions should be distinguished, and the output terminal of the transmitter should be correctly connected to the core wire, shielding layer or grounding terminal of the target cable. S2: Applying a high-voltage pulse and signal excitation: After the wiring is completed, the transmitter applies a high-voltage pulse to the cable under test. When the pulse propagates to the fault point, it will trigger a discharge phenomenon. S3: Ground signal reception and path tracing: The operator holds a receiver and moves along the ground along the cable laying path. The receiver's built-in sensor can simultaneously capture electromagnetic wave and sound wave signals. By monitoring the intensity changes of electromagnetic waves, the direction of the cable can be preliminarily determined. Since electromagnetic waves travel much faster than sound waves, the smaller the time difference, the closer the receiving point is to the fault point. S4: Precise fault location: Based on the receiver's instructions and time difference readings, the operator can lock onto the fault point. After confirming the fault location, the operator marks the point and proceeds with excavation and further processing.

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