Method for producing high organic selenium plants, seeds, seedlings, and wasabi tubers

Abstract

The application provides a production method of high-organic-selenium plant seeds, seedlings and radix pteroxyli, and relates to the field of crop and seed cultivation. Through comparative tests, the type and ratio of the fermentation substrate of the fermentation nutrient solution are screened, and seeds with high selenium enrichment capacity are used, so that the plant can absorb and utilize more organic selenium and keep high selenium activity of the seeds. With the increase of the organic selenium content in malt and radix pteroxyli and the continuous selection of seeds with high selenium enrichment capacity, a complex fermentation nutrient solution production system with small molecules, easy absorption and high activity and rich in organic selenium is formed, and then a safe, controllable and efficient conversion organic selenium enrichment mode in crop production is formed, so that the organic selenium content in crops and related products is improved, and the quality of crops and / or their products is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crop and seed cultivation, and particularly to methods for producing high-organic-selenium plants, seeds, seedling powder and wasabi fleshy rhizomes. Background Technology

[0002] Selenium is an essential trace element for the human body, possessing important physiological functions such as antioxidation, immune enhancement, and anti-cancer properties. However, the human body cannot synthesize selenium and must obtain it through food. Currently, selenium supplements on the market mainly fall into two categories: one is chemically synthesized inorganic selenium supplements (such as sodium selenite), and the other is organic selenium products obtained through biotransformation (such as selenium-enriched agricultural products and their processed products). Although inorganic selenium is absorbed quickly, it is more toxic, has a narrow safety window, and excessive intake can easily lead to poisoning, making it unsuitable for long-term consumption. In contrast, organic selenium (mainly existing in the form of selenomethionine, selenocysteine, etc.) has low toxicity, high bioavailability, and good safety, making it a more ideal source of selenium nutrition.

[0003] In the field of selenium-enriched agricultural products, common production methods include applying selenium fertilizer to the soil or spraying selenium solution on the leaves. These methods can increase the selenium content of crops to some extent, but they also have significant shortcomings, specifically:

[0004] Unstable selenium content and limited enrichment efficiency: The enrichment of selenium by crops is affected by a variety of factors such as soil type, pH value, climate conditions, application technology and crop variety, resulting in low selenium content in the final product and large fluctuations, making it difficult to consistently reach the ideal high organic selenium level, and the product quality is poorly controllable.

[0005] Risk of inorganic selenium residue: Especially in foliar spraying or partial soil application of selenium, if the conversion time is insufficient or the process is not properly controlled, inorganic selenium (such as selenite) that has not been fully converted by plants may remain in the product, posing a potential safety hazard if consumed long-term.

[0006] The conversion rate of organic selenium needs to be improved: Traditional methods focus more on increasing the total selenium content, but the process of plants efficiently converting inorganic selenium into safe and easily absorbed organic selenium (bioconversion rate) is not precisely controlled, resulting in a low proportion of organic selenium in the product and failure to optimize nutritional value and safety.

[0007] Miao powder, rich in vitamins, minerals, active enzymes, and dietary fiber, is a popular health food. Developing it as a stable high-organic selenium carrier has significant market value and health benefits. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new production technology capable of enriching organic selenium to ensure the production of high-quality functional Miao powder products with high organic selenium content, stable form, and low or even zero inorganic selenium residue. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to achieve the enrichment of organic selenium and produce plants, seedling powder and seeds with high organic selenium content and stable morphology, this application provides a method for producing high organic selenium plants, seeds, seedling powder and wasabi fleshy rhizomes.

[0009] In a first aspect, a method for producing high-organic selenium plants and seeds includes the following preparation steps:

[0010] Seed selection: Select one or more of the following seeds with strong selenium enrichment capacity: wheat, potatoes, and wasabi, and plant them.

[0011] Crop cultivation: Dilute the fermented nutrient solution to 400-1800 times; before planting the seeds, perform pre-planting furrow irrigation and / or spray foliar fertilizer after seed germination; obtain high organic selenium plants and / or high organic selenium seeds;

[0012] Among them, the fermentation nutrient solution is the fermentation supernatant obtained by fermenting fermentation raw materials with yeast;

[0013] The fermentation raw materials include fermentation substrate and yeast selenium accounting for 0-8 wt% of the total mass of the substrate;

[0014] The fermentation substrate, by weight, comprises 10-20 parts wheat seedlings, 20-30 parts wasabi fleshy rhizomes, 15-25 parts astragalus, 10-15 parts ginseng, 10-15 parts American ginseng, 10-15 parts codonopsis, 10-15 parts salvia miltiorrhiza, 10-15 parts rhodiola rosea, 10-15 parts hawthorn, 5-8 parts licorice, 10 parts asparagus, 10-15 parts red yeast rice, 20-30 parts brown sugar, and 375-570 parts water.

[0015] In crop cultivation, a cultivation cycle is defined as the period from pre-planting furrow irrigation to the harvest of mature seeds.

[0016] Optionally, pre-planting furrow irrigation and / or foliar fertilizer application 2-5 times after seed germination can be performed.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific fermentation process of the fermentation raw materials is as follows:

[0018] The fermentation substrates, excluding hawthorn, asparagus, red yeast rice, and brown sugar, are mixed with a complex enzyme preparation of cellulase, pectinase, and protease in a mass ratio of 7-10.8:4.2-6.48:2.8-4.32 and then enzymatically hydrolyzed. Then, the remaining substrates, yeast, and / or yeast selenium are added, stirred, sealed for fermentation, and the fermentation supernatant is filtered out to obtain the fermentation nutrient solution.

[0019] Preferred conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis: 40-48℃, pH 5.0-5.5 for 3-5 hours.

[0020] Furthermore, the compound enzyme preparation accounts for 0.1-0.3 wt% of the fermentation substrate, and the amount of yeast is 1-3 wt% of the fermentation substrate.

[0021] Furthermore, the fermentation conditions are as follows: sealed fermentation at 0-10℃ for 60-70 days.

[0022] Furthermore, before planting, apply furrow irrigation and / or foliar fertilizer, and use 20-30,000 liters of diluted fermented nutrient solution per acre each time;

[0023] Pre-planting furrow irrigation: Dilute fermented nutrient solution I 400-600 times and apply it to the furrows;

[0024] Foliar fertilizer application: During the flowering period and early grain filling stage, dilute the fermented nutrient solution 1200-1800 times and spray it.

[0025] Optionally, the amount of water used for furrow irrigation fermentation nutrient solution is 10,000-30,000 liters per acre each time; the amount of water used for foliar fertilizer spraying is 20-200 liters per acre each time.

[0026] Furthermore, high-organic selenium plants and / or high-organic selenium seeds are obtained through more than two cultivation cycles.

[0027] Preferably, the cultivation cycle includes a first cultivation cycle, a second cultivation cycle, a third cultivation cycle, a fourth cultivation cycle, and a third and fifth cultivation cycle; wherein, in the first cultivation cycle, ordinary seeds (commercially available), wheat seedlings, and wasabi fleshy rhizomes are used, and ordinary wheat seedlings and wasabi fleshy rhizomes (commercially available) are used; in subsequent cultivation cycles, high organic selenium seeds obtained in the previous cultivation cycle are used, as are high organic selenium wheat seedlings and high organic selenium wasabi fleshy rhizomes obtained from the high organic selenium seeds obtained in the previous cultivation cycle.

[0028] Furthermore, the preparation of the seedling powder and wasabi fleshy rhizomes used in the fermentation nutrient solution is as follows:

[0029] Preparation of seedling powder: Wheat seeds obtained by the production method described in this application are cultivated, and nutrient solution is sprayed during the cultivation process. When the seedlings are 15cm-20cm tall, they are harvested and crushed to obtain high organic selenium seedling powder; high organic selenium seedling powder includes barley seedling powder and barley seedling powder;

[0030] Preparation of wasabi fleshy rhizomes: Wasabi seeds obtained by the production method described in this application are cultivated. During the cultivation process, the fermented nutrient solution is used for furrow irrigation at least twice. When the wasabi fleshy rhizomes mature, they are harvested and cut into sections.

[0031] During the cultivation process, the fermented nutrient solution is used for furrow irrigation at least twice. When the fleshy rhizomes of wasabi mature, they are harvested, dried, and crushed.

[0032] Furthermore, the seeds are high-organic selenium seeds obtained using the production method described in this application.

[0033] Preferably, the cultivation cycle includes a first cultivation cycle, a second cultivation cycle, a third cultivation cycle, and a fourth cultivation cycle.

[0034] The first cultivation cycle used ordinary seeds (commercially available) and ordinary wasabi fleshy rhizomes (commercially available); in subsequent cultivation cycles, seeds containing organic selenium and wasabi fleshy rhizomes containing organic selenium obtained in the previous cultivation cycle were used.

[0035] Secondly, this application provides a method for producing high-organic selenium seedling powder and wasabi fleshy rhizomes:

[0036] Preparation of seedling powder: Wheat seeds obtained by the production method described in this application are cultivated, and nutrient solution is sprayed during the cultivation process. When the seedlings are 15cm-20cm tall, they are harvested and crushed to obtain high organic selenium seedling powder; the high organic selenium seedling powder is barley seedling powder;

[0037] Preparation of wasabi fleshy rhizomes: Wasabi seeds obtained by the production method described in this application are cultivated. During the cultivation process, the fermented nutrient solution is used for multiple irrigations in furrows. Once the wasabi fleshy rhizomes are mature, they are harvested and cut into sections.

[0038] Preferred preparation of high-organic-selenium seedling powder: High-organic-selenium seeds are cultivated for 10-20 days in a controlled environment of 18-25℃, 8000lx-10000lx, and 85%-90%RH; during cultivation, fermented nutrient solution diluted with a certain multiple is sprayed in stages every 8 hours; from day 1 to day 5 after being placed on the shelf for cultivation, fermented nutrient solution diluted with 700-900 times is sprayed; from day 5 to day 8, fermented nutrient solution diluted with 400-600 times is sprayed; after day 8, fermented nutrient solution diluted with 300-450 times is sprayed, with each spray volume being 30-70 liters / acre, until water droplets condense on the seeds or leaves;

[0039] When the seedlings reach a height of 10cm-12cm, they are harvested, washed, dried, and processed into dry powder using a leaf pulverizer to obtain high-organic-selenium seedling powder.

[0040] Preferred cultivation method: Selenium-enriched wasabi fleshy rhizomes.

[0041] Pre-planting furrow irrigation: Dilute fermented nutrient solution I 500 times; water consumption per acre per application: 80 liters.

[0042] Wasabi is sown in mid-October for seedling cultivation. After 4-5 months, when the seedlings have 3-4 leaves and are 10-15cm tall, they are transplanted. After transplanting, shading management should be carried out. In spring and autumn, the roots should be irrigated with 500× fermented nutrient solution 1-2 times each, 5-10cm away from the roots. The rhizomes can be harvested 15 months after transplanting. They are selenium-rich wasabi fleshy rhizomes.

[0043] Thirdly, this application provides a high-organic selenium plant, seeds, seedling powder, and wasabi fleshy rhizome obtained using the production method described in this application.

[0044] Beneficial effects: 1. The fermentation substrate of the fermentation nutrient solution used in this application contains selenium-enriched malt seedling powder, selenium-enriched wasabi seedling powder, astragalus, ginseng, American ginseng, codonopsis, salvia miltiorrhiza, hawthorn, licorice, rhodiola rosea, asparagus, red yeast rice, brown sugar, and yeast selenium. As the total selenium content and organic selenium content of malt and wasabi increase, the content of organic selenium that is easily absorbed by plants gradually increases; as the organic selenium content in malt and wasabi increases, the content of yeast selenium gradually decreases, thereby enhancing the absorption of organic selenium by plants; the combination of wasabi (which has isothiocyanates with broad-spectrum antibacterial and insecticidal activity) and hawthorn (rich in organic acids) can regulate the pH value of the fermentation system, inhibit miscellaneous bacteria, and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria; the combination of ginseng, American ginseng, codonopsis, and astragalus... The saponins it contains have effects similar to auxins and cytokinins, stimulating cell division, promoting root development, making the plant's root system more developed and the stems thicker, thereby promoting the absorption of organic selenium by the roots; the phenolic acids (such as salvianolic acid) and flavonoids (such as rhodioloside derivatives) rich in danshen and rhodiola rosea are all powerful natural antioxidants, which can make the various nutrients and effects in the fermentation liquid more stable; asparagus is rich in amino acids, vitamins (especially folic acid), rutin and asparagine, which increases the diversity of amino acids and vitamins in the fermentation liquid, enriches the nutritional components of the fermentation liquid, enhances the vitality of plants (malt, wasabi), promotes the enrichment of organic selenium by plants, and thus obtains high organic selenium plants, seedling powder and seeds.

[0045] 2. The nutrient solution of this application exhibits slowed microbial activity under refrigerated conditions, which can inhibit contamination by miscellaneous bacteria during fermentation; it has a high absorption and utilization rate in planting and production applications, and its effects are rapid after application. After spraying with a 1200-1800 times dilution and watering with a 500 times dilution 2-3 times, the selenium content can reach a level far exceeding the industry standard for selenium-enriched agricultural products.

[0046] 3. The nutrient solution of this application has more comprehensive efficacy, retains the active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines, and is rich in a variety of biostimulants such as polysaccharides, oligopeptides, amino acids, and organic acids. It has multiple functions such as anti-oxidation, enhancing crop stress resistance, improving nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency, and accelerating plant growth (small molecule nitrogen-containing substances can promote rapid plant growth as signaling substances), thereby promoting the absorption and conversion of organic selenium.

[0047] 4. Furthermore, this application, through comparative experiments, screens the type and ratio of fermentation substrates for the fermentation nutrient solution and uses seeds with strong selenium enrichment capacity to achieve higher absorption and utilization of organic selenium by plants and maintain high selenium activity in seeds; with the increase of organic selenium content in malt and wasabi and the continuous selection of selenium-rich seeds, a compound fermentation nutrient solution production system rich in organic selenium with small molecules, easy absorption, and high activity is formed, thereby forming a safe, controllable, and efficient organic selenium enrichment mode in crop production, increasing the organic selenium content in crops and their related products, and improving the quality of crops and / or their products. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0049] Example 1: A method for producing high-organic selenium plants, seeds, seedling powder and wasabi fleshy rhizomes, including a first cultivation cycle, a second cultivation cycle, a third cultivation cycle and a fourth cultivation cycle.

[0050] Barley seeds and wasabi seeds and cultivation bases: Commercially available barley seeds are planted in agricultural production bases in Shigatse, Tibet, and commercially available wasabi seeds are planted in agricultural production bases in the western mountainous areas of Sichuan. Before planting, the fermented nutrient solution of this application is used for irrigation in the furrows. Barley is sprayed with the fermented nutrient solution of this application as a foliar fertilizer during the flowering period and the early grain-filling stage. Wasabi is irrigated with the fermented nutrient solution of this application in spring and autumn, and the rest is treated according to its normal planting methods.

[0051] First breeding cycle:

[0052] The raw materials for the fermentation nutrient solution I used include the fermentation substrate and 1500 mg / kg of yeast selenium (selenium content 2 g / kg, which may be 1-3 g / kg in other embodiments); where parts are by weight.

[0053] Fermentation substrate: 15 parts of commercially available selenium-enriched wheatgrass, 25 parts of commercially available selenium-enriched wasabi fleshy root, 20 parts of astragalus, 12 parts of ginseng, 12 parts of American ginseng, 13 parts of codonopsis, 12 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, 12 parts of rhodiola rosea, 12 parts of hawthorn, 5 parts of licorice, 10 parts of asparagus, 10 parts of red yeast rice, 25 parts of brown sugar, and 500 parts of water.

[0054] In this embodiment, the commercially available selenium-enriched wheat seedlings have a selenium content of 30 mg / kg, with organic selenium accounting for 85 wt% of the total selenium; generally, commercially available selenium-enriched wheat seedlings have a selenium content of 30-60 mg / kg. The commercially available selenium-enriched wasabi rhizomes used in this embodiment have a selenium content of 0.3 mg / kg, with organic selenium accounting for 80 wt% of the total selenium; generally, commercially available selenium-enriched wasabi rhizomes have a selenium content of 0.3-2 mg / kg.

[0055] Fermentation: All fermentation substrates except hawthorn, asparagus, red yeast rice, and brown sugar were placed in a fermenter. A complex enzyme preparation consisting of cellulase, pectinase, and protease at a mass ratio of 5:3:2 (0.1 wt% of the fermentation substrate) was added, and enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 45 ℃ and pH 5.0 for 4 hours. Then, the remaining substrates (hawthorn, asparagus, red yeast rice, and brown sugar), yeast selenium, and yeast (2 wt% of the fermentation substrate) were added, stirred, and fermented in a sealed environment at 9 ℃ for 65 days. The fermentation supernatant was filtered out to obtain fermentation nutrient solution I.

[0056] Barley cultivation:

[0057] Pre-planting furrow irrigation: Dilute fermented nutrient solution I 500 times, and use 20 cubic meters of water per acre per application.

[0058] Foliar fertilizer (fermented nutrient solution I): During the flowering and early grain-filling stages, dilute fermented nutrient solution I 1500 times and spray; use 200 liters per acre each time, ensuring even spraying on both sides of the leaves, avoiding dripping. Choose a windless, sunny afternoon after 4 pm for spraying.

[0059] Wasabi cultivation:

[0060] Pre-planting furrow irrigation: Dilute fermented nutrient solution I 500 times. Use 15 cubic meters of water per acre per application.

[0061] Wasabi is sown in mid-October for seedling cultivation. After 4-5 months, when the seedlings have 3-4 leaves and are 10-15cm tall, they are transplanted. After transplanting, shading management should be carried out. In spring and autumn, the roots should be irrigated twice with 500× fermented nutrient solution (with an interval of no less than 15 days between the two irrigations). When irrigating the roots, the roots should be 5-10cm away from the roots. The rhizomes can be harvested 15 months after transplanting. They are selenium-rich wasabi fleshy rhizomes. During this period, the leaves and petioles can be harvested twice, and the flower stalks can be harvested once.

[0062] After the plant matures, its seeds are collected; crop cultivation consists of a cultivation cycle from land irrigation to seed harvest. The selenium content and inorganic selenium content in plant seeds (roots and rhizomes) are measured, and then the organic selenium content is calculated.

[0063] Preparation of malt seedlings:

[0064] Using the barley seeds obtained from the above-mentioned planting (obtained in the first cultivation cycle), soak them in 40℃ warm water for 24 hours. After the seeds show signs of sprouting, spread them evenly at 860g / tray onto 60cm×30cm seedling trays, and place them on 4-layer seedling racks (layer spacing 40cm-50cm). Cultivate for 15 days in a controlled environment of 18℃-25℃, 8000lx-10000lx, and 85%-90%RH. During this period, every 8 hours, spray a diluted fermented nutrient solution I at a certain ratio using atomized spraying. From day 1 to day 5 after placing on the racks, spray with 800× fermented nutrient solution using atomized spraying; from day 5 to day 8, spray with 500× fermented nutrient solution using atomized spraying; after day 8, spray with 350× fermented nutrient solution using atomized spraying. The amount of spraying each time should be such that water droplets condense on the seeds or leaves. During the cultivation period, change the position of the seedling trays every 2-3 days, alternating between vertical and horizontal positions.

[0065] When the seedlings reach a height of 15-20 cm, the entire plant is washed and dried in a drying room at 50-60℃ for 20 hours. The seeds and leaves are then separated. The leaf portion is pulverized into dry powder using a cell-level vibrating ultrafine pulverizer to obtain malt seedlings. The selenium content and organic selenium content in the malt seedlings are then tested.

[0066] In other embodiments, optional substrates include: 10-20 parts of commercially available ordinary wheatgrass seedling powder or wheatgrass obtained using the method of this application; 20-30 parts of commercially available ordinary selenium-enriched wasabi fleshy rhizomes or selenium-enriched wasabi fleshy rhizomes obtained using the method of this application; 15-25 parts of Astragalus membranaceus; 10-15 parts of ginseng; 10-15 parts of American ginseng; 10-15 parts of Codonopsis pilosula; 10-15 parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza; 10-15 parts of Rhodiola rosea; 10-15 parts of hawthorn; 5-8 parts of licorice; 10 parts of Asparagus cochinchinensis; 10-15 parts of red yeast rice; and 20-30 parts of brown sugar.

[0067] In other embodiments, the fermentation substrate includes: 10-20 parts wheatgrass, 20-30 parts selenium-enriched wasabi fleshy rhizome, 15-25 parts astragalus, 10-15 parts ginseng, 10-15 parts American ginseng, 10-15 parts codonopsis, 10-15 parts salvia miltiorrhiza, 10-15 parts rhodiola rosea, 5-8 parts licorice, 10-15 parts hawthorn, 10 parts asparagus, 10-15 parts red yeast rice, and 20-30 parts brown sugar.

[0068] In other embodiments, fermentation was carried out as follows: The fermentation substrates, excluding hawthorn, asparagus, red yeast rice, and brown sugar, were placed in a fermenter. A compound enzyme preparation of cellulase, pectinase, and protease at a mass ratio of 7-10.8:3-6.48:2-4.32 (the compound enzyme preparation accounted for 0.1-0.3 wt% of the fermentation substrate) was added, and enzymatic hydrolysis was performed for 3-5 hours at 40℃-48℃ and pH 5.0-5.5. Then, the remaining substrates (hawthorn, asparagus, red yeast rice, and brown sugar), yeast selenium, and yeast (1-3 wt% of the fermentation substrate) were added, stirred, and fermented in a sealed environment at no higher than 10℃ for 60-70 days. The fermentation supernatant was filtered out to obtain the fermentation nutrient solution.

[0069] Second breeding cycle:

[0070] The difference between the second cultivation cycle and the first cultivation cycle is that fermentation nutrient solution II is used to replace fermentation nutrient solution I in equal amounts; and the seeds used for planting are barley seeds and wasabi seeds obtained in the first cultivation cycle.

[0071] The difference between fermentation nutrient solution II and fermentation nutrient solution I is as follows: ① wheat seedlings obtained in the first cultivation cycle are used to replace ordinary wheat seedlings in equal amounts; ② wasabi fleshy rhizomes obtained in the first cultivation cycle are used to replace ordinary wasabi fleshy rhizomes in equal amounts; ③ the amount of yeast selenium used is half that in fermentation nutrient solution I.

[0072] Third breeding cycle:

[0073] The difference between the third cultivation cycle and the first cultivation cycle is that fermentation nutrient solution III is used to replace fermentation nutrient solution I in equal amounts; and the seeds used for planting are barley seeds and wasabi seeds obtained in the second cultivation cycle.

[0074] The difference between fermentation nutrient solution III and fermentation nutrient solution I is as follows: ① wheat seedlings obtained in the second cultivation cycle are used to replace ordinary wheat seedlings in equal amounts; ② wasabi fleshy rhizomes obtained in the second cultivation cycle are used to replace ordinary wasabi fleshy rhizomes in equal amounts; ③ yeast selenium is not used.

[0075] Fourth breeding cycle:

[0076] The difference between the fourth cultivation cycle and the first cultivation cycle is that fermentation nutrient solution IV is used to replace fermentation nutrient solution I in equal amounts; and the seeds used for planting are barley seeds and wasabi seeds obtained in the third cultivation cycle.

[0077] The difference between fermented nutrient solution IV and fermented nutrient solution I is as follows: ① wheat seedlings obtained in the third cultivation cycle are used to replace ordinary wheat seedlings in equal amounts; ② wasabi fleshy rhizomes obtained in the third cultivation cycle are used to replace ordinary wasabi fleshy rhizomes in equal amounts; ③ yeast selenium is not used.

[0078] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of a naturally selenium-enriched barley seed, which differs from Example 1 in that ① during the cultivation process from the second to the fourth cultivation cycle, the fermentation nutrient solution I of the first cultivation cycle in Example 1 is used.

[0079] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of a naturally selenium-enriched barley seed, which differs from Example 1 in that: ① during the cultivation process from the first to the fourth cultivation cycle, common wasabi seeds and barley seeds are used; ② during the cultivation process from the second to the fourth cultivation cycle, the fermentation nutrient solution I of the first cultivation cycle in Example 1 is used.

[0080] Comparative Example 3: A method for preparing a compound low-temperature fermented organic selenium-rich nutrient solution of traditional Chinese medicine, which differs from Example 1 in that ginseng, American ginseng and codonopsis are not used, and selenium-rich wheat seedlings are used to replace ginseng, American ginseng and codonopsis in equal amounts.

[0081] Comparative Example 4: A method for preparing a compound low-temperature fermented organic selenium-rich nutrient solution of traditional Chinese medicine, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not use danshen, rhodiola rosea and licorice. In each culture cycle, selenium-rich wheat seedlings are used to replace danshen, rhodiola rosea and licorice in equal amounts.

[0082] Comparative Example 5: A method for preparing a compound low-temperature fermented organic selenium-rich nutrient solution of traditional Chinese medicine, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not use asparagus, but uses selenium-rich wheat seedlings in an equal amount to replace asparagus.

[0083] The selenium content in seeds and seedling powder obtained from the first to the fourth cultivation cycle is listed in Table 1; each test data n=10 (10 samples are randomly selected for testing, and 3 values ​​are taken from each sample and the average value is taken). a represents the selenium content in mg / kg; b represents the organic selenium content in mg / kg. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0084] c represents the increase rate of total selenium; d = (a n -a n-1 ) / a n-1 , where n=2, 3, 4, 5...; when n=2, it represents the increase rate of total selenium in the second cultivation cycle relative to the first cultivation cycle, in %, and the calculation results are shown in Table 2.

[0085] d represents the enhancement rate of organic selenium, d = (b n -b n-1 ) / b n-1 , where n=2, 3, 4, 5...; when n=2, it represents the increase rate of organic selenium in the second cultivation cycle relative to the first cultivation cycle, in %, and the calculation results are shown in Table 2.

[0086] Total selenium was determined using the first method shown in GB5009.93-2017; inorganic selenium content was determined using the first method shown in DBS42 / 010-2018, and organic selenium content was obtained by subtracting inorganic selenium content from total selenium content.

[0087] Table 1. Selenium content in seeds and seedling powder obtained from the first to the fourth cultivation cycle (unit: mg / kg)

[0088]

[0089] Table 2. Selenium content increase rate (%) from the second to the fourth cultivation cycle relative to the previous cultivation cycle

[0090]

[0091] As can be seen from the table above, the total selenium content and organic selenium content in the seeds and seedling powder obtained by using the method of Example 1 were significantly higher than those of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 from the first to the fourth cultivation cycle.

[0092] Using the methods of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the total selenium content and organic selenium content changed little from the second to the third cultivation cycle, and the content in the fourth cultivation cycle was roughly the same as that in the third cultivation cycle. However, using the method of this application, the total selenium content and organic selenium content still showed a significant increase from the second to the third cultivation cycle, and a slight increase in the total selenium content and organic selenium content in the fourth cultivation cycle, which was significantly better than Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0093] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Examples 3 and 4 showed that the synergistic effect between components was worse due to the absence of a certain type of functional component, and the total selenium content and organic selenium content in each cycle were significantly reduced.

[0094] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for producing high-organic-selenium plants and seeds, characterized by, The preparation steps include the following: Seed selection: Select one or more of the following seeds with strong selenium enrichment capacity: wheat, potatoes, and wasabi, and plant them. Crop cultivation: Dilute the fermented nutrient solution to 400-1800 times; before planting the seeds, perform pre-planting furrow irrigation and / or spray foliar fertilizer after seed germination; obtain high organic selenium plants and / or high organic selenium seeds; Among them, the fermentation nutrient solution is the fermentation supernatant obtained by fermenting fermentation raw materials with yeast; The fermentation raw materials include fermentation substrate and yeast selenium accounting for 0-8 wt% of the total mass of the substrate; The fermentation substrate, by weight, comprises 10-20 parts wheat seedlings, 20-30 parts wasabi fleshy rhizomes, 15-25 parts astragalus, 10-15 parts ginseng, 10-15 parts American ginseng, 10-15 parts codonopsis, 10-15 parts salvia miltiorrhiza, 10-15 parts rhodiola rosea, 10-15 parts hawthorn, 5-8 parts licorice, 10 parts asparagus, 10-15 parts red yeast rice, 20-30 parts brown sugar, and 375-570 parts water. In crop cultivation, a cultivation cycle is defined as the period from pre-planting furrow irrigation to the harvest of mature seeds.

2. The method for producing high-organic selenium plants and seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific fermentation process of the fermentation raw materials is as follows: The fermentation substrates, excluding hawthorn, asparagus, red yeast rice, and brown sugar, are mixed with a complex enzyme preparation of cellulase, pectinase, and protease in a mass ratio of 7-10.8:4.2-6.48:2.8-4.32 and then enzymatically hydrolyzed. Then, the remaining substrates, yeast, and / or yeast selenium are added, stirred, sealed for fermentation, and the fermentation supernatant is filtered out to obtain the fermentation nutrient solution.

3. The method for producing high-organic selenium plants and seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compound enzyme preparation accounts for 0.1-0.3 wt% of the fermentation substrate, and the amount of yeast is 1-3 wt% of the fermentation substrate.

4. The method for producing high-organic-selenium plants and seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The fermentation conditions are as follows: sealed fermentation at 0-10℃ for 60-70 days.

5. The method for producing high-organic selenium plants and seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before planting, apply furrow irrigation and / or foliar fertilizer, and use 20-30,000 liters of diluted fermented nutrient solution per acre each time. Pre-planting furrow irrigation: Dilute fermented nutrient solution I 400-600 times and apply it to the furrows; Foliar fertilizer application: During the flowering period and early grain filling stage, dilute the fermented nutrient solution 1200-1800 times and spray it.

6. The method for producing high-organic-selenium plant and seed according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 5, wherein High-organic selenium plants and / or high-organic selenium seeds are obtained through two or more cultivation cycles.

7. A method for producing high-organic selenium plants and seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fermentation substrates used in the fermentation nutrient solution, namely seedling powder and wasabi fleshy rhizomes, were prepared as follows: Preparation of seedling powder: Wheat seeds obtained by the production method described in claim 6 are cultivated, and nutrient solution is sprayed during the cultivation process. When the seedlings are 15cm-20cm tall, they are harvested and crushed to obtain high organic selenium seedling powder; high organic selenium seedling powder includes barley seedling powder and barley seedling powder; Preparation of wasabi fleshy rhizomes: Wasabi seeds obtained by the production method described in claim 6 are cultivated. During the cultivation process, the fermentation nutrient solution is used for furrow irrigation at least twice. When the wasabi fleshy rhizomes mature, they are harvested and cut into sections.

8. A method for producing high-organic selenium plants and seeds according to claim 7, characterized in that, The seeds are high-organic selenium seeds obtained using the production method described in claim 7.

9. A method for producing high-organic selenium seedling powder and wasabi fleshy rhizomes, characterized in that: Preparation of seedling powder: Wheat seeds obtained by the production method described in any one of claims 1-8 are cultivated, and nutrient solution is sprayed during the cultivation process. When the seedlings reach a height of 15cm-20cm, they are harvested and crushed to obtain high organic selenium seedling powder; high organic selenium seedling powder includes barley seedling powder and barley seedling powder; Preparation of wasabi fleshy rhizomes: Wasabi seeds obtained by the production method described in any one of claims 1-8 are cultivated. During the cultivation process, the fermented nutrient solution is used for multiple irrigations in furrows. When the wasabi fleshy rhizomes mature, they are harvested and cut into sections.

10. A type of plant seed, seedling powder, and wasabi fleshy rhizome high in organic selenium, characterized in that, Obtained by the production method described in any one of claims 1-9.

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