A compound shredder for waste lithium battery pole piece

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of waste lithium battery recycling and processing technology, and discloses a composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes, including a base and a crushing chamber. Multiple heat dissipation windows are fixedly connected inside the base. Two lower protective shells are fixedly connected to the top of the base, and an upper protective shell is fixedly connected to the top of each lower protective shell. Two shredding components are arranged inside the crushing chamber. A guide trough is fixedly connected to the top of the crushing chamber, and a compression chamber is fixedly connected to the top of the guide trough. A drive component is arranged on one side of the compression chamber, and two compression rollers are arranged inside the compression chamber. This invention, by setting compression rollers and a guide slope, pre-rolls the electrodes before they enter the crushing chamber. The rotation of the compression rollers compacts and thins loose or thick electrodes, reducing the instantaneous cutting resistance of thicker electrodes on the subsequent crushing teeth, preventing equipment jamming, and thus ensuring the smooth operation of the main crushing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste lithium battery recycling and processing technology, specifically a composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrode sheets. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the new energy industry, the recycling and disposal of waste lithium batteries has become increasingly important, and shredding the lithium battery electrodes is a key step in the recycling process.

[0003] Currently, commonly used electrode shredding equipment typically feeds the collected electrode waste directly into the crushing chamber for cutting during operation. Since the waste electrode is often in an irregular curled or multi-layered stacked state, direct shredding will cause the main shaft crushing teeth to face great instantaneous cutting resistance, which can easily lead to material entanglement, jamming, or even overload and shutdown of the main shaft motor.

[0004] To reduce the cutting resistance in the main crushing stage, some equipment has added a preliminary extrusion structure at the front end of the feed. However, the existing extrusion structure usually adopts a fixed installation spacing. In actual recycling production, different batches and types of waste electrode sheets have different initial thicknesses. The extrusion components with fixed spacing cannot be adjusted according to the specific thickness of the material. As a result, the equipment cannot always maintain the ideal pre-compression and thinning effect when processing electrode sheets of different specifications, making it difficult to ensure the stability of the feed size in the subsequent shredding process.

[0005] The extrusion components located at the front end of the equipment will wear out after prolonged and high-intensity contact with materials, requiring regular maintenance and replacement. The internal extrusion components of existing equipment are mostly rigidly connected to the machine body by complex bolts and flanges. When operators need to replace worn extrusion rollers, they need to spend a lot of time disassembling the outer casing and a large number of fasteners. The disassembly and assembly process is cumbersome, and there is not enough space for pulling out the machine inside, which directly leads to excessive downtime for equipment maintenance and reduces the production efficiency of the entire processing line. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes, which solves the problems of existing equipment causing jamming when directly shredding scattered electrodes, the inability to adjust the extrusion spacing according to electrode specifications, and the cumbersome disassembly of internal extrusion components leading to long downtime for maintenance.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrode sheets, comprising a base and a crushing chamber, wherein multiple heat dissipation windows are fixedly connected inside the base, two lower protective shells are fixedly connected to the top of the base, and an upper protective shell is fixedly connected to the top of each lower protective shell, two shredding components are provided inside the crushing chamber, and a material guide trough is fixedly connected to the top of the crushing chamber.

[0008] The top of the feed trough is fixedly connected to an extrusion chamber, a drive assembly is provided on one side of the extrusion chamber, two extrusion rollers are provided inside the extrusion chamber, each of the extrusion rollers is provided with a telescopic assembly at each end, two guide slopes are rotatably connected to the top of the extrusion chamber, and multiple baffles are fixedly connected to the top of the extrusion chamber.

[0009] Preferably, each of the shredding components includes a drive motor, guide teeth, and crushing teeth. The outer wall of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the inside of the lower protective shell and the upper protective shell. One side of the guide teeth is fixedly connected to the inside of the crushing chamber. Both ends of the crushing teeth are rotatably connected to the inside of the crushing chamber. A support rod is provided between the drive motor and the crushing teeth. The bottom end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the base. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to one end of the crushing teeth.

[0010] Preferably, each of the telescopic components includes a guide post, a telescopic rod, and a rotating shaft. The inner wall of the guide post is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The fixed end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inside of the extrusion chamber. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the extrusion roller. A connecting mechanism is provided at one end of the rotating shaft. A docking mechanism is provided at the output end of the telescopic rod. A fixing mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the guide post.

[0011] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a heat sink and two extrusion motors. One side of the heat sink is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extrusion chamber. The outer wall of each extrusion motor is disposed inside the heat sink. The output end of each extrusion motor is slidably connected to the outer wall of the extrusion chamber. The output end of each extrusion motor is connected to one end of a rotating shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes a connecting groove and a locking block, the connecting groove is formed on the outer wall of the guide post, and the outer wall of the locking block is fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting groove.

[0013] Preferably, the docking mechanism includes a connecting rod and a locking groove. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic rod, the locking groove is opened at the other end of the connecting rod, and the outer wall of the locking block is slidably connected to the inside of the locking groove.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a drive rod and a docking groove. One end of the drive rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the extrusion motor, the docking groove is formed at one end of the rotating shaft, and the outer wall of the drive rod is slidably connected to the inside of the docking groove.

[0015] Preferably, the crushing teeth mesh with each other, and the guide teeth mesh with each other.

[0016] Preferably, the extrusion chamber has multiple sliding grooves and multiple mounting grooves, and the outer wall of the guide post is slidably connected to the sliding grooves and mounting grooves.

[0017] Preferably, the outer wall of the baffle is slidably connected inside the mounting groove, and the baffle is connected to the extrusion chamber by fixing bolts.

[0018] This invention provides a composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention, by setting up extrusion rollers and guide slopes, pre-presses the electrode sheets before they enter the crushing chamber. The guide slope accurately guides the input material into the middle of the extrusion rollers. The rotation of the extrusion rollers compacts and thins the scattered or thick electrode sheets, changing the physical form of the material. This reduces the instantaneous cutting resistance of thicker electrode sheets on the subsequent crushing teeth, prevents equipment jamming, and thus ensures the smooth operation of the main crushing process.

[0020] 2. This invention designs a spacing adjustment mechanism consisting of a telescopic rod, a guide column, and a sliding groove. The operator controls the telescopic rod to generate displacement, which drives the guide column to move horizontally within the sliding groove on the side of the machine casing. This changes the relative distance between the two extrusion rollers, enabling the equipment to flexibly handle different batches of waste electrode sheets with different initial thicknesses. This ensures that the thickness of the pre-compressed material always meets the feeding standard of the main crushing chamber, thereby improving the equipment's compatibility with processing multiple specifications of materials.

[0021] 3. This invention features a convenient structure for disassembling and installing the extrusion roller. By setting the guide slope to be able to be lifted upwards, space is provided for disassembly. The cooperation between the locking block and the locking groove, and the plug-in connection between the drive rod and the docking groove are used to achieve quick locking and unlocking of the mechanical structure. When inspecting or replacing worn parts, simply lift the extrusion roller upwards to detach it from the connection point, and it can be moved directly out of the machine body along the mounting groove, eliminating the cumbersome fastener disassembly steps and shortening the downtime for equipment maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the extrusion roller of the present invention is provided.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the grinding chamber of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the extrusion chamber of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 To highlight the schematic diagram of the guide post structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0030] The components are as follows: 1. Base; 2. Heat dissipation window; 3. Crushing chamber; 4. Lower protective shell; 5. Upper protective shell; 6. Drive motor; 7. Support rod; 8. Guide tooth; 9. Crushing tooth; 10. Feed guide chute; 11. Extrusion chamber; 12. Heat dissipation shell; 13. Extrusion motor; 14. Extrusion roller; 15. Guide column; 16. Telescopic rod; 17. Rotating shaft; 18. Guide slope; 19. Sliding groove; 20. Mounting groove; 21. Baffle; 22. Connecting groove; 23. Locking block; 24. Connecting rod; 25. Locking groove; 26. Drive rod; 27. Docking groove. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See attached document Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 4 The present invention provides a composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrode sheets, including a base 1 and a crushing chamber 3. Multiple heat dissipation windows 2 are fixedly connected inside the base 1. Two lower protective shells 4 are fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. Each lower protective shell 4 is fixedly connected to the top of an upper protective shell 5. Two shredding components are arranged inside the crushing chamber 3. A guide trough 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the crushing chamber 3.

[0033] The top of the feed chute 10 is fixedly connected to the extrusion chamber 11. A drive assembly is provided on one side of the extrusion chamber 11. Two extrusion rollers 14 are provided inside the extrusion chamber 11. Each extrusion roller 14 is provided with a telescopic assembly at each end. Two guide slopes 18 are rotatably connected to the top of the extrusion chamber 11. Multiple baffles 21 are fixedly connected to the top of the extrusion chamber 11. The outer wall of the baffles 21 is slidably connected inside the mounting groove 20. The baffles 21 and the extrusion chamber 11 are connected by fixing bolts.

[0034] Each shredding assembly includes a drive motor 6, guide teeth 8, and crushing teeth 9. The outer wall of the drive motor 6 is fixedly connected to the inside of the lower protective shell 4 and the upper protective shell 5. One side of the guide teeth 8 is fixedly connected to the inside of the crushing chamber 3. Both ends of the crushing teeth 9 are rotatably connected to the inside of the crushing chamber 3. A support rod 7 is provided between the drive motor 6 and the crushing teeth 9. The bottom end of the support rod 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. The output end of the drive motor 6 is fixedly connected to one end of the crushing teeth 9.

[0035] The drive assembly includes a heat sink 12 and two extrusion motors 13. One side of the heat sink 12 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extrusion chamber 11. The outer wall of each extrusion motor 13 is located inside the heat sink 12. The output end of each extrusion motor 13 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the extrusion chamber 11. The output end of each extrusion motor 13 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 17. The crushing teeth 9 mesh with each other, and the guide teeth 8 mesh with the crushing teeth 9.

[0036] Specifically, when operating the waste lithium battery electrode composite shredder, the operator first puts the collected electrode material into the extrusion chamber 11 at the top of the equipment. Considering that the waste electrode is usually in an irregular curled or fluffy stacked state, the guide slope 18 specially provided on both sides of the chamber can guide the material by its own weight, so that the scattered electrode gathers and slides down to the middle of the extrusion roller 14 below. At the same time as feeding, the extrusion motor 13 configured on the side is powered on and transmits power to the extrusion roller 14 so that it rotates synchronously in opposite directions. When the electrode passes through the gap between the two rollers, it is subjected to mechanical roller pressure, which not only expels the internal air gap, but also compacts the overall structure and significantly thins the thickness, reducing the physical toughness of the electrode material and eliminating most of the resistance for the subsequent shearing process.

[0037] The electrode sheet material, after being compressed and thinned, continues to move along the guide chute 10 below, passes through the transition channel, and falls directly into the core crushing chamber 3 of the equipment. The main drive motor 6 drives the interlaced crushing teeth 9 on the main shaft to continuously physically bite and tear the continuously fed electrode sheets. Since the electrode sheets have been pre-flattened and compacted, the crushing teeth 9 can cut them more efficiently, avoiding the problem of flexible long strips of material getting tangled in the cutter shaft. Under the dual action of gravity and the rotation of the cutter, the cut electrode sheet fragments impact the bottom grading screen. The screen intercepts the unqualified large pieces of material in the chamber for further crushing, while the small fragments that meet the size requirements pass through the mesh smoothly and finally fall into the collection cart pre-set inside the base 1. When the collection cart is full, the staff can pull it out and quickly transfer the processed homogeneous fragments to the next metal separation process.

[0038] See attached document Figure 3 and attached Figure 5Each telescopic component includes a guide post 15, a telescopic rod 16, and a rotating shaft 17. The inner wall of the guide post 15 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 17. The fixed end of the telescopic rod 16 is fixedly connected to the inside of the extrusion chamber 11. One end of the rotating shaft 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the extrusion roller 14. Multiple sliding grooves 19 and multiple mounting grooves 20 are provided inside the extrusion chamber 11. The outer wall of the guide post 15 is slidably connected to the sliding grooves 19 and the mounting grooves 20.

[0039] Specifically, in actual production, the equipment often needs to process waste lithium battery electrodes of different specifications and initial thicknesses. To adapt to this material variation, the operator needs to adjust the pre-compression gap of the equipment. The operator starts the telescopic rod 16, which generates a linear displacement, causing the guide posts 15 connected to both ends of the extrusion roller 14 to move under force. Because the guide posts 15 are installed inside the sliding groove 19 on the inner wall of the extrusion chamber 11, they can only move along the track of the sliding groove 19, changing the relative working distance between the two extrusion rollers 14. The operator can control this gap width in real time according to the type of electrode being processed, thereby determining the final thickness of the electrode after it passes through the roller table, pressing the electrode to a uniform and appropriate thickness, avoiding excessive load on the main shaft due to excessive material thickness, and creating good feeding conditions for smooth shredding in the future.

[0040] See attached document Figure 3 Appendix Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 A connecting mechanism is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 17, a docking mechanism is provided at the output end of the telescopic rod 16, and a fixing mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the guide column 15. The fixing mechanism includes a connecting groove 22 and a locking block 23. The connecting groove 22 is opened on the outer wall of the guide column 15, and the outer wall of the locking block 23 is fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting groove 22. The docking mechanism includes a connecting rod 24 and a locking groove 25. One end of the connecting rod 24 is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic rod 16, and the locking groove 25 is opened at the other end of the connecting rod 24. The outer wall of the locking block 23 is slidably connected to the inside of the locking groove 25. The connecting mechanism includes a driving rod 26 and a docking groove 27. One end of the driving rod 26 is fixedly connected to the output end of the extrusion motor 13, and the docking groove 27 is opened at one end of the rotating shaft 17. The outer wall of the driving rod 26 is slidably connected to the inside of the docking groove 27.

[0041] Specifically, when the equipment has been running for a long time and the internal extrusion roller 14 needs to be repaired or replaced due to wear and tear from long-term operation, the operator first needs to grasp one edge of the guide slope 18 and lift it upwards to open the upper channel, thus creating enough operating space for the subsequent vertical movement of the extrusion roller 14. After preparation, use a lifting tool to lift the extrusion roller 14 upwards. During the roller's ascent, the locking block 23 set on the side of the guide column 15 will move upwards accordingly and disengage from the corresponding locking groove 25 on the connecting rod 24. At the same time, the drive rod 2 driven by the output end of the extrusion motor 13... The front end of 6 will also be smoothly pulled out from the docking groove 27 at the end of the rotating shaft 17. With the synchronous separation of these two key connection points, the extrusion roller 14 will be released from its original mechanical locking state. After unlocking and positioning, the maintenance personnel only need to move the old extrusion roller 14 out of the extrusion chamber 11 along the track direction of the mounting grooves 20 on both sides of the housing. Then, take out the prepared new extrusion roller 14 and push it in step by step in the reverse order of the aforementioned disassembly steps. After confirming that each slot re-engages with the connecting rod 24 and the drive rod 26, lower the guide slope 18 to quickly complete the replacement and assembly of the entire component.

[0042] Working principle: In the process of using the composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes, the lithium battery electrodes are first put into the extrusion chamber 11 and enter the middle of the extrusion roller 14 under the guidance of the guide slope 18. At the same time, the extrusion motor 13 will start and drive the extrusion roller 14 to start rotating to extrude the lithium battery electrodes entering the extrusion chamber 11, making them thinner for subsequent shredding. The extruded lithium battery electrodes pass through the guide chute 10 and enter the crushing chamber 3. At this time, the drive motor 6 starts and drives the crushing teeth 9 to crush the extruded lithium battery electrodes. After being screened by the bottom screen, the crushed lithium battery electrodes flow into the collection cart inside the base 1 for subsequent processing.

[0043] When it is necessary to break lithium battery electrode sheets of different thicknesses, the operator activates the telescopic rod 16 to drive the guide posts 15 at both ends of the extrusion roller 14 to move inside the sliding groove 19. The distance between the two extrusion rollers 14 is controlled according to the required width, thereby controlling the thickness of the lithium battery electrode sheet after extrusion, which facilitates subsequent tearing.

[0044] When the extrusion roller 14 needs to be replaced after long-term use, first hold one side of the guide slope 18 and lift it upward to provide space for the extrusion roller 14 to move up and down. Then, lift the extrusion roller 14 upward so that the locking block 23 on the guide post 15 disengages from the locking groove 25 on the connecting rod 24. At the same time, the front end of the drive rod 26 on the output end of the extrusion motor 13 disengages from the docking groove 27 inside the rotating shaft 17, thereby unlocking the extrusion roller 14. Then, remove the extrusion roller 14 from the extrusion chamber 11 along the direction of the mounting groove 20. Then, take out the new extrusion roller 14 and install it into the extrusion chamber 11 in the reverse operation.

Claims

1. A composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes, characterized in that, Includes a base (1) and a crushing chamber (3). The base (1) has multiple heat dissipation windows (2) fixedly connected inside. The top of the base (1) has two lower protective shells (4) fixedly connected. Each of the lower protective shells (4) has an upper protective shell (5) fixedly connected to its top. The crushing chamber (3) has two shredding components inside. The top of the crushing chamber (3) has a guide groove (10) fixedly connected. The top of the feed trough (10) is fixedly connected to an extrusion chamber (11). A drive assembly is provided on one side of the extrusion chamber (11). Two extrusion rollers (14) are provided inside the extrusion chamber (11). Each end of each extrusion roller (14) is provided with a telescopic assembly. Two guide slopes (18) are rotatably connected to the top of the extrusion chamber (11). Multiple baffles (21) are fixedly connected to the top of the extrusion chamber (11).

2. The composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the shredding components includes a drive motor (6), guide teeth (8), and crushing teeth (9). The outer wall of the drive motor (6) is fixedly connected to the inside of the lower protective shell (4) and the upper protective shell (5). One side of the guide teeth (8) is fixedly connected to the inside of the crushing chamber (3). Both ends of the crushing teeth (9) are rotatably connected to the inside of the crushing chamber (3). A support rod (7) is provided between the drive motor (6) and the crushing teeth (9). The bottom end of the support rod (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1). The output end of the drive motor (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the crushing teeth (9).

3. The composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the telescopic components includes a guide post (15), a telescopic rod (16), and a rotating shaft (17). The inner wall of the guide post (15) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (17). The fixed end of the telescopic rod (16) is fixedly connected to the inside of the extrusion chamber (11). One end of the rotating shaft (17) is fixedly connected to one end of the extrusion roller (14). One end of the rotating shaft (17) is provided with a connecting mechanism. The output end of the telescopic rod (16) is provided with a docking mechanism. The outer wall of the guide post (15) is provided with a fixing mechanism.

4. A composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a heat sink (12) and two extrusion motors (13). One side of the heat sink (12) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extrusion chamber (11). The outer wall of each extrusion motor (13) is located inside the heat sink (12). The output end of each extrusion motor (13) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the extrusion chamber (11). The output end of each extrusion motor (13) is connected to one end of the rotating shaft (17).

5. A composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism includes a connecting groove (22) and a locking block (23). The connecting groove (22) is opened on the outer wall of the guide post (15), and the outer wall of the locking block (23) is fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting groove (22).

6. A composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The docking mechanism includes a connecting rod (24) and a locking groove (25). One end of the connecting rod (24) is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic rod (16), and the locking groove (25) is opened at the other end of the connecting rod (24). The outer wall of the locking block (23) is slidably connected to the inside of the locking groove (25).

7. A composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism includes a drive rod (26) and a docking groove (27). One end of the drive rod (26) is fixedly connected to the output end of the extrusion motor (13). The docking groove (27) is opened at one end of the rotating shaft (17). The outer wall of the drive rod (26) is slidably connected to the inside of the docking groove (27).

8. A composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crushing teeth (9) mesh with each other, and the guide teeth (8) mesh with the crushing teeth (9).

9. A composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The extrusion chamber (11) has multiple sliding grooves (19) inside, and multiple mounting grooves (20) inside. The outer wall of the guide post (15) is slidably connected to the sliding grooves (19) and mounting grooves (20).

10. A composite shredder for waste lithium battery electrodes according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer wall of the baffle (21) is slidably connected to the inside of the mounting groove (20), and the baffle (21) is connected to the extrusion chamber (11) by fixing bolts.

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