A full-automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end surface grinding machine

Abstract

This invention provides a fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder, belonging to the field of grinding machine technology. The device includes a worktable and a grinding mechanism mounted on the worktable. The grinding mechanism grinds both ends of the workpiece. A carrier tray is placed on the grinding mechanism, and multiple sets of slots for accommodating workpieces are formed through the tray. The device also includes a positioning mechanism mounted on the carrier tray. Through the symmetrical clamping design of the positioning mechanism, this invention can adapt to workpieces of different thicknesses, automatically keeping the center plane of the workpiece coplanar with the center plane of the carrier tray in the vertical direction, ensuring that the center planes of all workpieces to be processed are consistent. Simultaneously, this design solves the problems of eccentricity and tilting caused by differences in workpiece thickness and random placement within the carrier in existing technologies, achieving precise alignment between the workpiece and the grinding tray.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grinding machine technology, specifically relating to a fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] A double-end face grinder is a precision machine tool capable of simultaneously machining two parallel end faces of a workpiece, ensuring high precision, high efficiency, and excellent parallelism and dimensional consistency. Fully automated grinding machine loading and unloading refers to the automatic completion of the entire process of workpiece loading, positioning, grinding, and finished product unloading through automated systems such as robotic arms, conveyor belts, or specialized fixtures. Due to varying workpiece specifications, especially for thicker cylindrical workpieces, machining often requires not only specialized clamping tools to meet machining needs but also a larger thickness and structural space for the workpiece support to accommodate the workpiece dimensions and ensure stable clamping.

[0003] Chinese patent CN119077614A discloses an automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder, comprising a main housing, a lower grinding disc on the top of the main housing, a rotating disk rotatably connected to the main housing in the middle of the lower grinding disc; a loading mechanism located on one side of the main housing; a geared disc for placing workpieces; and a connecting assembly located on one side of the loading mechanism. The connecting assembly includes: a fixed frame, an electric cylinder 1 fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame, a sliding groove opened inside the fixed frame, an internal telescopic rod of the electric cylinder 1 extending into the sliding groove of the fixed frame, a moving block fixedly connected to the end of the internal telescopic rod of the electric cylinder 1, a drive rod rotatably connected to the moving block, a gear 1 fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive rod, a motor 1 fixedly connected to the moving block on the other side of the drive rod, a gear 2 fixedly connected to the end of the internal shaft of the motor 1, the gear 2 meshing with the gear 1, an electric cylinder 2 fixedly connected to the end of the drive rod away from the fixed frame, and a concave plate fixedly connected to the end of the internal telescopic rod of the electric cylinder 2.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned technical solutions still have the following drawbacks. When placing the workpiece onto the gear carrier for grinding, due to the differences in the workpiece's thickness and the random placement within the slot, especially for thicker cylindrical workpieces, positioning in the height direction is more difficult. This makes it impossible to accurately align the workpiece with the center of the grinding disc. During the grinding process, the workpiece lacks reliable fixed constraints, and its position is unstable, which can easily lead to uneven force during grinding, over-grinding on one side, tapering, and surface overheating and burning, affecting the product processing quality. In addition, the traditional carrier structure is relatively thin, making it difficult to integrate an adaptive positioning and clamping mechanism suitable for thicker workpieces within a limited space, further limiting the ability to adapt to high-precision workpieces of different specifications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art where the workpiece is not limited in the carrier and the thickness varies, resulting in inaccurate centering and uneven grinding of the workpiece during processing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder, comprising: a worktable and a grinding mechanism disposed on the worktable, the grinding mechanism being used to grind both ends of a workpiece, a carrying tray being placed on the grinding mechanism, the carrying tray having multiple sets of slots for accommodating workpieces through it, and further comprising: A positioning mechanism is provided on a loading tray. The positioning mechanism includes a positioning component provided on the loading tray. The positioning component is capable of clamping and positioning the upper and lower end faces of the workpiece. A fixing mechanism is provided on a loading tray. A rotating groove is provided on the outer side of the loading tray. The fixing mechanism includes a fixing component provided on the loading tray. The fixing component includes an upper fixing ring and a lower fixing ring that are rotatably disposed in the rotating groove. The fixing component can clamp the side of the workpiece inside the groove. The support mechanism is set on the workpiece tray. The support mechanism includes two sets of support plates that are slidably set on the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece tray. The support plates can control the positioning component to move away from the workpiece. The support mechanism is equipped with a pressing component, which can control the support plates to move closer to the workpiece tray synchronously and keep the workpiece tray always in the center position of the grinding mechanism.

[0007] Its effect is that, through the coordinated operation of the positioning, fixing and supporting mechanisms, an adaptive centering structure is integrated on the workpiece tray. After the workpiece is placed in the slot, it is automatically centered and clamped, avoiding initial eccentricity and tilting caused by random placement and thickness difference, and ensuring uniform grinding during subsequent grinding.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the positioning component is provided in multiple sets and symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the slot. The positioning component includes a lifting block slidably disposed on the loading plate. A first elastic element is connected to the bottom of the lifting block. The other end of the first elastic element is connected to the loading plate. A positioning block is provided on the positioning component. The positioning block can clamp and position the upper and lower end faces of the workpiece so that the center plane of the workpiece in the vertical direction is coplanar with the center plane of the loading plate. The positioning block is slidably disposed on the lifting block. A second elastic element is connected to the positioning block. The other end of the second elastic element is connected to the lifting block. A positioning inclined surface is provided on the side of the positioning block near the slot. Sliding columns are provided on both sides of the positioning block. A sliding groove that cooperates with the sliding columns is provided on the loading plate.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the grinding mechanism includes an upper grinding disc disposed on a worktable, a first driving component disposed on the worktable capable of controlling the upper grinding disc to rotate on a fixed axis and move up and down, a lower grinding disc rotatably disposed on the worktable and disposed directly below the upper grinding disc, a second driving component disposed on the worktable capable of controlling the lower grinding disc to rotate on a fixed axis, a driving disk rotatably disposed on the worktable and located inside the lower grinding disc, a third driving component disposed on the worktable capable of controlling the driving disk to rotate on a fixed axis, multiple sets of limiting posts disposed on the worktable and the driving disk, and a positioning groove cooperating with the limiting posts disposed on the side of the loading disk.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the rotating groove divides the positioning groove into two symmetrical upper and lower parts. The upper fixing ring is set above the lower fixing ring. The two have the same structure and are rotatably set in the rotating groove. The inner sides of the upper fixing ring and the lower fixing ring are provided with multiple sets of arc-shaped fixing blocks that can extend into the slot. The arc-shaped fixing blocks can clamp the side of the workpiece inside the slot. One side of the arc-shaped fixing block is provided with an arc-shaped surface. The arc-shaped fixing blocks on the upper fixing ring and the lower fixing ring are in opposite directions and are set on both sides of the slot. The arc-shaped surface faces the slot. A third elastic element is provided on the side of the arc-shaped fixing block away from the arc-shaped surface. The other end of the third elastic element is connected to the inside of the loading tray.

[0011] Its effect is that, by using upper and lower fixing rings that rotate in opposite directions and in conjunction with elastic arc-shaped fixing blocks, a balanced radial clamping force can be applied simultaneously from both sides of the workpiece. This design ensures that the workpiece will not shift due to centrifugal force during rotary grinding, and the clamping force is fixed, avoiding slippage caused by over-clamping deformation or under-clamping.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the material of the arc-shaped surface is rubber, and the third elastic element is a spring.

[0013] A further technical solution of the present invention is that multiple sets of pushing blocks are provided on the outer edges of the upper and lower fixing rings, the number of pushing blocks being the same as the number of positioning grooves, the pushing blocks on the upper and lower fixing rings being staggered and located on both sides of the center position of the positioning grooves respectively.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is that multiple sets of fourth elastic elements are connected to the support plate, the other end of the fourth elastic element is connected to the inner side of the tray, multiple sets of through holes aligned vertically with the slot position are provided on the support plate, and multiple sets of conical blocks are provided on the side of the support plate near the tray, and a support inclined surface that cooperates with the positioning block is provided on the conical block.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the first elastic element, the second elastic element, and the fourth elastic element are configured as springs.

[0016] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the pressing component includes multiple sets of staggered connecting rods, the connecting rods are rotatably mounted on the loading tray, and pressure blocks are rotatably connected to both ends of the connecting rods. The pressure blocks are slidably mounted on the side of the support plate away from the loading tray. A guide post is provided on the side of the pressure block away from the connecting rod. A support groove that cooperates with the guide post is provided on the support plate. Multiple sets of universal ball bearings are provided on the side of the pressure block away from the support plate. The universal ball bearings are located on the outer side of the surface of the support plate away from the loading tray.

[0017] Its advantages are as follows: the pressing component uses a universal ball bearing and linkage mechanism, allowing the support plate to adaptively conform to the surfaces of the upper and lower grinding discs and transmit pressure. This design ensures that the workpiece is precisely and stably pressed into the center of the grinding mechanism, and the purely mechanical structure offers higher reliability and longer lifespan, enabling it to adapt to harsh working conditions.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention, through its symmetrical clamping design of the positioning mechanism, can adapt to workpieces of different thicknesses, automatically keeping the center plane of the workpiece in the vertical direction coplanar with the center plane of the carrier plate, ensuring that the center planes of all workpieces to be processed are consistent. Simultaneously, this design solves the problems of eccentricity and tilting caused by differences in workpiece thickness and random placement within the carrier in existing technologies. It achieves precise alignment between the workpiece and the grinding disc, avoiding one-sided over-grinding, localized stress concentration, and surface burning caused by misalignment, thus improving the uniformity and consistency of workpiece processing.

[0019] 2. This invention achieves reliable and flexible clamping of the workpiece side by using a fixing mechanism that automatically links the workpiece to the grinding station when the workpiece tray enters. The limiting pin drives the fixing mechanism, while the supporting mechanism ensures the workpiece tray is precisely positioned between the upper and lower grinding discs. This ensures a consistent movement trajectory and uniform force on the workpiece during grinding, solving the problem of irregular movement of the workpiece under grinding force due to lack of limiting, thus avoiding irregular grinding marks and inconsistent surface roughness, and ensuring workpiece processing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the loading tray and the limiting post in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tray in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the support plate in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the tray, the upper fixing ring, the lower fixing ring, and the support plate in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing mechanism clamping the workpiece in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing mechanism when releasing the workpiece in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the upper fixing ring in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing component in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Worktable; 11. Limiting post; 2. Grinding mechanism; 21. Upper grinding disc; 22. Lower grinding disc; 23. Drive disc; 3. Carrying disc; 31. Positioning groove; 32. Slot; 33. Slide groove; 34. Rotary groove; 4. Positioning mechanism; 41. Lifting block; 411. First elastic element; 42. Positioning block; 421. Second elastic element; 422. Positioning inclined surface; 423. Sliding column; 5. Fixing mechanism; 51. Upper fixing ring; 52. Lower fixing ring; 53. Arc-shaped fixing block; 531. Arc-shaped surface; 532. Third elastic element; 54. Pushing block; 6. Support mechanism; 61. Support plate; 611. Fourth elastic element; 612. Through hole; 613. Conical block; 614. Support inclined surface; 615. Support groove; 62. Connecting rod; 63. Pressure block; 631. Guide post; 64. Universal ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-12The present invention provides the following technical solution: a fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder, comprising a worktable 1, a grinding mechanism 2, a loading tray 3, a positioning mechanism 4, a fixing mechanism 5, and a supporting mechanism 6.

[0024] The workbench 1 is placed horizontally on the ground. The grinding mechanism 2 is mounted on the workbench 1 and is used to grind both ends of the workpiece. A tray 3 is placed on the grinding mechanism 2 to limit the workpiece's position. The workpiece thickness is greater than the tray 3 thickness. During grinding, multiple workpieces are first placed on the tray 3, and then the tray 3 is moved to the working position of the grinding mechanism 2 for simultaneous grinding. A positioning mechanism 4 is mounted on the tray 3 to clamp and limit the workpieces placed on it. This positioning mechanism 4 adjusts the workpiece position so that its vertical center plane is coplanar with the center plane of the tray 3. A fixing mechanism 5 is mounted on the tray 3. After the tray 3 is placed on the grinding mechanism 2, the fixing mechanism 5 can fix the side of the workpiece to prevent irregular movement during grinding, which would affect the grinding quality. The support mechanism 6 is set on the workpiece tray 3. The support mechanism 6 can support the workpiece tray 3 when the grinding mechanism 2 grinds the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece, so that it is positioned in the middle of the grinding mechanism 2, and ensures that the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece can contact the grinding mechanism 2 at the same time during grinding.

[0025] To accommodate the processing needs of workpieces of different specifications, especially those with greater thickness, the carrier tray 3 of this invention is configured with sufficient thickness to fit the workpiece. This increased thickness design aims to provide ample space for reliable workpiece positioning and fixed support during processing, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy and stability of the workpiece during processing.

[0026] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the grinding mechanism 2 includes an upper grinding disc 21 mounted on a worktable 1. A first drive assembly (not shown) is mounted on the worktable 1, which controls the upper grinding disc 21 to rotate around a fixed axis and move up and down. A lower grinding disc 22 is rotatably mounted on the worktable 1, positioned directly below the upper grinding disc 21. The upper and lower grinding discs 21 work together to grind the upper and lower end faces of the workpiece. A second drive assembly (not shown) is mounted on the worktable 1, which controls the lower grinding disc 22 to rotate around a fixed axis. A drive disc 23 is rotatably mounted on the worktable 1, located inside the lower grinding disc 22. A third drive assembly is mounted on the worktable 1, which controls the drive disc 23 to rotate around a fixed axis. Multiple sets of limiting posts 11 are mounted on the worktable 1 and the drive disc 23. The lower grinding disc 22 is located between the limiting posts 11 on the worktable 1 and the drive disc 23. A positioning groove 31 that mates with the limiting posts 11 is provided on the side of the loading tray 3.

[0027] During operation, the worktable 3 is first placed in the position of the lower grinding disc 22, at which point the positioning grooves 31 on both sides of the worktable 3 are precisely engaged in the limiting posts 11. Then, the drive disc 23 is controlled to drive the limiting posts 11 on the drive disc 23 to rotate synchronously. Since the limiting posts 11 on the worktable 1 are fixedly set, the worktable 3, driven by the drive disc 23, rotates on its own axis while also revolving around the central axis of the drive disc 23. Next, the upper grinding disc 21 moves downwards towards the worktable 3 and begins to rotate, while the lower grinding disc 22 rotates synchronously. The upper and lower grinding discs 21 rotate in the same direction, and both are opposite to the direction of revolution of the worktable 3. When the upper grinding disc 21 contacts the workpiece placed on the worktable 3, the upper and lower grinding discs 21 and 22 begin to apply pressure to the workpiece and grind its surface.

[0028] like Figures 4-8 As shown, multiple sets of slots 32 are provided through the loading tray 3, allowing the workpiece to be placed in and positioned within them. The positioning mechanism 4 includes positioning components mounted on the loading tray 3. Multiple positioning components are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the slots 32. These components can approach the upper and lower end faces of the workpiece and clamp and position it. Each positioning component includes a lifting block 41 slidably mounted on the loading tray 3. A first elastic element 411 is connected to the bottom of the lifting block 41, and the other end of the first elastic element 411 is connected to the loading tray 3. Under the action of the first elastic element 411, the lifting blocks 41 on both sides of the slots 32 can be pushed out of the upper and lower end faces of the loading tray 3. In this embodiment, the first elastic element 411 is a spring. A positioning block 42 is slidably mounted on the lifting block 41. A second elastic element 421 is connected to the positioning block 42, and the other end of the second elastic element 421 is connected to the lifting block 41. A positioning inclined surface 422 is provided on the side of the positioning block 42 near the slot 32. Under the action of the second elastic element 421, the positioning block 42 can be pushed to move along the lifting block 41 and approach the workpiece in the slot 32. The positioning inclined surface 422 contacts the upper and lower ends of the workpiece and limits the workpiece. In this embodiment, the second elastic element 421 is set as a spring. Sliding columns 423 are provided on both sides of the positioning block 42. A sliding groove 33 is provided on the loading tray 3 to cooperate with the sliding columns 423. The cooperation between the sliding groove 33 and the sliding column 423 can limit the trajectory and distance of the lifting block 41 and the positioning block 42 when they move in the loading tray 3. During the movement of the lifting block 41 and the positioning block 42, the sliding column 423 is always located inside the sliding groove 33 and slides with it.

[0029] During operation, the workpiece is first placed in the slot 32. At this time, the lifting block 41 extends outward from the carrier plate 3 under the action of the first elastic element 411. Subsequently, under the action of the second elastic element 421, the positioning block 42 moves along the slide 33 while approaching the workpiece, and the positioning inclined surface 422 on the positioning block 42 simultaneously limits the upper and lower ends of the workpiece. Since the positioning components are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the slot 32, when the workpiece is positioned, its vertical center plane remains coplanar with the center plane of the carrier plate 3, ensuring that the center planes of workpieces of different thicknesses are in the same plane. By centering the workpiece with the carrier plate 3, the eccentricity and tilt caused by the random placement of the workpiece within the carrier plate 3 and its own thickness differences are eliminated, ensuring that the upper and lower end faces of each workpiece can synchronously and symmetrically contact the grinding mechanism 2. This avoids one-sided over-grinding and surface burning caused by localized stress concentration, and ensures that all workpieces maintain a predetermined trajectory during movement, achieving balanced force and synchronous material removal, guaranteeing high-precision and high-consistency processing results.

[0030] like Figure 5 and Figures 7-11 As shown, a rotating groove 34 is provided on the outer surface of the loading tray 3, which divides the positioning groove 31 into two symmetrical upper and lower parts. The fixing mechanism 5 includes a fixing component provided on the loading tray 3, which can clamp and fix the workpiece inside the slot 32. The fixing component includes an upper fixing ring 51 and a lower fixing ring 52. The upper fixing ring 51 and the lower fixing ring 52 have the same structure and are both rotatably disposed in the rotating groove 34, with the upper fixing ring 51 positioned above the lower fixing ring 52. Multiple sets of arc-shaped fixing blocks 53 are provided on the inner sides of both the upper fixing ring 51 and the lower fixing ring 52. One side of the arc-shaped fixing block 53 is provided with an arc-shaped surface 531. The arc-shaped fixing blocks 53 on the upper fixing ring 51 and the lower fixing ring 52 are oriented in opposite directions and are disposed on both sides of the slot 32, with the arc-shaped surface 531 facing the slot 32. The arc-shaped fixing blocks 53 can extend from the slot 32 along the inside of the loading tray 3 and approach the workpiece. In this embodiment, the material of the arc-shaped surface 531 is rubber. A third elastic element 532 is provided on the side of the arc-shaped fixing block 53 away from the arc-shaped surface 531. The other end of the third elastic element 532 is connected to the inside of the tray 3. In the initial state, the arc-shaped fixing block 53 is located inside the tray 3 under the action of the third elastic element 532. In this embodiment, the third elastic element 532 is set as a spring.

[0031] Multiple sets of pushing blocks 54 are provided on the outer edges of both the upper fixing ring 51 and the lower fixing ring 52, and the number of pushing blocks 54 is the same as the number of positioning grooves 31. In the initial state, under the action of the third elastic element 532, the upper fixing ring 51 and the lower fixing ring 52 rotate and the pushing blocks 54 enter the positioning grooves 31. The pushing blocks 54 on the upper fixing ring 51 and the lower fixing ring 52 are staggered, and the center of the pushing blocks 54 on the upper fixing ring 51 and the lower fixing ring 52 is located near the sides of the positioning grooves 31. This ensures that when the positioning grooves 31 are placed in the limiting post 11 and engaged with it, the limiting post 11 can squeeze one side of the center of the pushing block 54 and make it rotate, avoiding jamming or causing the pushing block 54 to rotate in the opposite direction during pushing, which would affect the clamping of the workpiece by the fixing assembly. The thrust of the limiting post 11 causes the pushing blocks 54 on the upper fixing ring 51 and the lower fixing ring 52 to rotate in opposite directions away from the positioning groove 31 until they are completely inside the loading tray 3. At this time, the third elastic element 532 is under force and in a compressed state.

[0032] The workpiece is placed in the slot 32, where it is positioned by the positioning assembly to prevent displacement during movement. The workpiece is then placed on the lower grinding disc 22, causing the positioning grooves 31 on both sides of the workpiece 3 to engage with the limiting posts 11 on the lower grinding disc 22 and drive disc 23. At this point, the pushing blocks 54 located on both sides inside the positioning grooves 31 contact the limiting posts 11 and are pushed away from the positioning grooves 31. The upper fixing ring 51 and the lower fixing ring 52 begin to rotate in opposite directions, compressing the third elastic element 532 and causing the arc-shaped fixing block 53 to extend from the inside of the slot 32 and approach the workpiece. It then clamps both sides of the workpiece. Because the arc-shaped surface 531 is made of rubber, it ensures a close fit to the workpiece and stable clamping, maintaining the coplanarity of the workpiece's vertical center plane with the center plane of the workpiece 3.

[0033] like Figures 4-8 and Figure 12As shown, the support mechanism 6 includes two sets of support plates 61 slidably disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the tray 3. Multiple sets of fourth elastic elements 611 are connected to the support plates 61, with the other end of each fourth elastic element 611 connected to the inner side of the tray 3. The support plates 61 can reciprocate by sliding closer to or further away from the surface of the tray 3. In this embodiment, the fourth elastic element 611 is configured as a spring. Multiple sets of through holes 612 are provided on the support plates 61, and the positions of the through holes 612 are vertically aligned with the positions of the slots 32. Multiple sets of conical blocks 613 are provided on the side of the support plates 61 near the tray 3. Each conical block 613 has a supporting inclined surface 614 that cooperates with the positioning block 42. When the support plate 61 approaches the tray 3, the supporting inclined surface 614 on the conical block 613 can contact the side of the positioning block 42 away from the tray 3, pushing the positioning block 42 away from the workpiece until the positioning block 42 completely disengages from the workpiece. At this point, the second elastic element 421 is compressed. As the support plate 61 continues to move closer to the loading plate 3, the lifting block 41 gradually moves closer to the loading plate 3 under the combined action of the sliding groove 33 and the sliding column 423, while compressing the first elastic element 411. By pressing the support plate 61 closer to the loading plate 3, the positioning component can be controlled to move away from the workpiece.

[0034] The support mechanism 6 is equipped with a pressing assembly, which includes multiple sets of staggered connecting rods 62. The connecting rods 62 are rotatably mounted on the loading tray 3, and pressure blocks 63 are rotatably connected to both ends of the connecting rods 62. The pressure blocks 63 are slidably mounted on the side of the support plate 61 away from the loading tray 3. A guide post 631 is provided on the side of the pressure block 63 away from the connecting rods 62. The support plate 61 is provided with a support groove 615 that cooperates with the guide post 631. The guide post 631 is always slidably mounted inside the support groove 615, and the support plate 61 can fit against the support groove 615. Multiple sets of universal ball bearings 64 are provided on the side of the pressure block 63 away from the support plate 61. The universal ball bearings 64 are located on the outer side of the surface of the support plate 61 away from the loading tray 3, that is, the universal ball bearings 64 protrude from the surface of the support plate 61 away from the loading tray 3.

[0035] When the workpiece is placed on the lower grinding disc 22, the multiple sets of universal ball bearings 64 at the bottom of the workpiece 3 first contact the upper surface of the lower grinding disc 22. After the fixing mechanism 5 clamps and fixes the workpiece, the upper grinding disc 21 begins to move downward and contact the universal ball bearings 64 at the upper end of the workpiece 3. The guide post 631 begins to slide along the support groove 615 until the pressure block 63 is completely in contact with the support groove 615. At this time, the workpiece 3 is in a horizontal state under the cooperation of the limiting post 11 and the positioning groove 31. The support plate 61, which slides back and forth along the workpiece 3, is always in a horizontal state and is located between the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 22. The multiple sets of universal ball bearings 64 on one side of the support plate 61 contact the upper grinding disc 21 synchronously under the drive of the connecting rod 62. The upper grinding disc 21 continues to move downwards, moving the support plate 61 closer to the carrier plate 3. Simultaneously, it compresses the first elastic element 411, and the support inclined surface 614 on the conical block 613 pushes the positioning block 42 away from the workpiece. Then, the lifting block 41 is pushed closer to the carrier plate 3 until the workpiece extends out of the through hole 612 and contacts the upper grinding disc 21. Because the center plane of the workpiece in the vertical direction is coplanar with the center plane of the carrier plate 3, workpieces of different thicknesses can be supported by the carrier plate 3, and their two end faces can be simultaneously ground by the grinding mechanism 2. Furthermore, because the workpiece is clamped by the fixing mechanism 5, the movement trajectory of the workpiece during grinding is completely consistent, avoiding uneven grinding marks caused by irregular workpiece movement. At the same time, it ensures uniform force during grinding, avoiding over-grinding on one side and surface overheating, which would affect product processing quality.

[0036] The support mechanism 6 ensures that the height of the workpiece 3 can be adjusted synchronously with the downward movement of the upper grinding disc 21 during grinding, so that it is positioned exactly between the upper grinding disc 21 and the lower grinding disc 22. At this time, the workpiece 3 and the workpiece are lifted synchronously, allowing the grinding debris to be discharged more quickly and preventing it from adhering to the workpiece 3 and the workpiece, thus affecting the grinding quality. The universal ball bearings 64 on the pressing assembly reduce friction when in contact with the grinding mechanism 2, extending the service life of the equipment.

[0037] After processing, the workpiece 3 is removed. The fixing mechanism 5 releases the workpiece under the action of the third elastic element 532, and the pushing block 54 moves to the inside of the workpiece 3. The positioning mechanism 4 clamps the upper and lower ends of the workpiece again. The second elastic element 421 has sufficient elasticity to ensure that the workpiece can be lifted synchronously by the positioning mechanism 4 when the workpiece 3 is picked up, preventing the inconvenience caused by the existing technology that can only move the workpiece horizontally. After the workpiece 3 is moved to the designated position, the support plates 61 on the upper and lower sides of the workpiece 3 are pressed manually or mechanically, causing the positioning mechanism 4 to release its clamping of the workpiece ends. At this time, all workpieces can be released synchronously from the workpiece 3.

[0038] When placing the workpiece again, first fix the carrier plate 3 and the lower support plate 61 manually or mechanically, and simultaneously press down the upper support plate 61 of the carrier plate 3. At this time, the positioning block 42 at the bottom of the carrier plate 3 extends into the slot 32. After the workpiece is placed into the slot 32, the workpiece can be supported by multiple sets of positioning blocks 42 at the bottom to prevent the workpiece from falling. After all the workpieces are placed into the slot 32, release the upper support plate 61 of the carrier plate 3. At this time, the positioning mechanisms 4 on the upper and lower sides of the workpiece will once again clamp and position the workpiece synchronously, ready for the next grinding operation.

Claims

1. A fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder, comprising: The workbench (1) and a grinding mechanism (2) mounted on the workbench (1) are provided. The grinding mechanism (2) is used to grind both ends of the workpiece. A tray (3) is placed on the grinding mechanism (2). Multiple sets of slots (32) for accommodating workpieces are formed through the tray (3). The workbench (3) is characterized by further comprising: The positioning mechanism (4) is set on the loading plate (3). The positioning mechanism (4) includes a positioning component set on the loading plate (3). The positioning component can clamp and position the upper and lower end faces of the workpiece. The fixing mechanism (5) is set on the loading tray (3). A rotating groove (34) is provided on the outer side of the loading tray (3). The fixing mechanism (5) includes a fixing component set on the loading tray (3). The fixing component includes an upper fixing ring (51) and a lower fixing ring (52) rotatably set in the rotating groove (34). The fixing component can clamp the side of the workpiece inside the slot (32). The support mechanism (6) is set on the workpiece tray (3). The support mechanism (6) includes two sets of support plates (61) that are slidably set on the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece tray (3). The support plates (61) can control the positioning component to move away from the workpiece. The support mechanism (6) is provided with a pressing component. The pressing component can control the support plates (61) to move closer to the workpiece tray (3) synchronously, and keep the workpiece tray (3) always in the center position of the grinding mechanism (2).

2. The fully automatic loading and unloading equipment for a double-end face grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning components are provided in multiple sets and symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the slot (32). The positioning components include lifting blocks (41) that are slidably arranged on the loading tray (3). The bottom of the lifting block (41) is connected to a first elastic element (411). The other end of the first elastic element (411) is connected to the loading tray (3). The positioning components are provided with positioning blocks (42). The positioning blocks (42) can clamp and position the upper and lower end faces of the workpiece so that the center plane of the workpiece in the vertical direction is coplanar with the center plane of the loading tray (3). The positioning blocks (42) are slidably arranged on the lifting blocks (41). The positioning blocks (42) are connected to a second elastic element (421). The other end of the second elastic element (421) is connected to the lifting blocks (41). The positioning blocks (42) are provided with a positioning inclined surface (422) on the side near the slot (32). The positioning blocks (42) are provided with sliding columns (423) on both sides. The loading tray (3) is provided with a sliding groove (33) that cooperates with the sliding columns (423).

3. The fully automatic loading and unloading equipment for a double-end face grinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (2) includes an upper grinding disc (21) set on a worktable (1), a first drive assembly that can control the upper grinding disc (21) to rotate on a fixed axis and move up and down on the worktable (1), a lower grinding disc (22) rotatably set on the worktable (1), the lower grinding disc (22) is set directly below the upper grinding disc (21), a second drive assembly that can control the lower grinding disc (22) to rotate on a fixed axis on the worktable (1), a drive disk (23) rotatably set on the worktable (1), the drive disk (23) is located inside the lower grinding disc (22), a third drive assembly that can control the drive disk (23) to rotate on a fixed axis on the worktable (1), multiple sets of limiting posts (11) are set on the worktable (1) and the drive disk (23), and a positioning groove (31) that cooperates with the limiting posts (11) is set on the side of the loading plate (3).

4. The fully automatic loading and unloading equipment for a double-end face grinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating groove (34) divides the positioning groove (31) into two symmetrical upper and lower parts. The upper fixing ring (51) is set above the lower fixing ring (52). Both have the same structure and are rotatably set in the rotating groove (34). The upper fixing ring (51) and the lower fixing ring (52) are provided with multiple sets of arc-shaped fixing blocks (53) that can extend into the slot (32). The arc-shaped fixing blocks (53) can clamp the side of the workpiece inside the slot (32). One side of the arc-shaped fixing block (53) is provided with an arc-shaped surface (531). The arc-shaped fixing blocks (53) on the upper fixing ring (51) and the lower fixing ring (52) are opposite in direction and are set on both sides of the slot (32). The arc-shaped surface (531) faces the slot (32). The side of the arc-shaped fixing block (53) away from the arc-shaped surface (531) is provided with a third elastic element (532). The other end of the third elastic element (532) is connected to the inside of the loading tray (3).

5. A fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material of the arc-shaped surface (531) is rubber, and the third elastic element (532) is a spring.

6. A fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple sets of push blocks (54) are provided on the outer edges of the upper fixed ring (51) and the lower fixed ring (52). The number of push blocks (54) is the same as the number of positioning grooves (31). The push blocks (54) on the upper fixed ring (51) and the lower fixed ring (52) are staggered and located on both sides of the center position of the positioning groove (31).

7. A fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support plate (61) is connected to a number of fourth elastic elements (611), and the other end of the fourth elastic element (611) is connected to the inner side of the tray (3). The support plate (61) has a number of through holes (612) that are vertically aligned with the slot (32). The side of the support plate (61) near the tray (3) is provided with a number of conical blocks (613), and the conical blocks (613) are provided with a support inclined surface (614) that cooperates with the positioning block (42).

8. A fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first elastic element (411), the second elastic element (421), and the fourth elastic element (611) are configured as springs.

9. A fully automatic loading and unloading device for a double-end face grinder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressing assembly includes multiple sets of staggered connecting rods (62), which are rotatably mounted on the loading tray (3). The two ends of the connecting rods (62) are rotatably connected to pressure blocks (63). The pressure blocks (63) are slidably mounted on the side of the support plate (61) away from the loading tray (3). A guide post (631) is provided on the side of the pressure block (63) away from the connecting rods (62). A support groove (615) that cooperates with the guide post (631) is provided on the support plate (61). Multiple sets of universal balls (64) are provided on the side of the pressure block (63) away from the support plate (61). The universal balls (64) are located on the outer side of the surface of the support plate (61) away from the loading tray (3).

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