Control monitoring system and method for a marine fuel cell system
By designing a control and monitoring system for marine fuel cell systems, the status of fuel cell power generation modules can be monitored and controlled in real time, solving the problem of the inability to detect hydrogen fuel abnormalities in a timely manner in existing technologies, and realizing the safe operation and continuous power of the system.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610733507.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing marine fuel cell system safety monitoring systems cannot detect abnormalities in other hydrogen fuel components of the ship's power system in a timely manner, and cannot guarantee the continuous operation of the ship's power system when the fuel cell power generation system malfunctions.
A control and monitoring system for a marine fuel cell system was designed, including a control conversion module, a safety monitoring module, and a cockpit module. By monitoring the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module in real time, the system sends commands and information to the hydrogen storage and supply module, the heat exchanger module, and the cockpit module, thereby achieving precise control and safety monitoring of the fuel cell system.
It improves the monitoring accuracy of fuel cell systems, ensures safe system operation, enables timely handling of abnormal situations, and guarantees the continuous operation of ship power systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN122324237A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine propulsion technology, and in particular to a control and monitoring system and method for a marine fuel cell system. Background Technology
[0002] Fuel cells are a key device for hydrogen energy applications. They directly convert the chemical energy stored in the reaction gas into electrical energy, emitting only water. Therefore, fuel cells are a highly efficient, zero-emission conversion device with broad development prospects.
[0003] Currently, hydrogen fuel cells are most widely used in the automotive industry, and are also gradually being applied and promoted in the marine industry. Compared to automobiles, marine hydrogen fuel cells are generally installed in the sealed compartments of ships, where hydrogen is more likely to accumulate if a leak occurs, thus posing a greater safety concern.
[0004] Existing safety monitoring systems only address faults such as high hydrogen concentration in the fuel cell system itself. They cannot detect or provide timely solutions when other hydrogen fuel components of the ship's propulsion system malfunction. Furthermore, they cannot ensure the continued operation of the ship's propulsion system when an anomaly in the fuel cell power generation system causes a shutdown. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention provides a control and monitoring system and method for a marine fuel cell system to improve the monitoring accuracy of the fuel cell system and ensure its safe operation.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a control and monitoring system for a marine fuel cell system, which is applied to the marine fuel cell system, wherein the marine fuel cell system includes at least a hydrogen storage and supply module, at least two fuel cell power generation modules, a plate heat exchanger module, and a cockpit module. The control and monitoring system includes a control conversion module and at least two safety monitoring modules; The control conversion module includes at least a control conversion unit, a power conversion unit, and a communication conversion unit; The control conversion unit is electrically connected to the power conversion unit, and the control conversion unit is communicatively connected to the communication conversion unit, the safety monitoring module, the hydrogen storage and supply module, and the plate heat exchanger cooling module, respectively. The communication conversion unit is communicatively connected to the cockpit module, and the power conversion unit is electrically connected to the cockpit module. The control conversion unit is used to send fuel supply commands to the hydrogen storage and supply module, temperature adjustment commands to the plate heat exchanger cooling module, and power dispatch commands to the power conversion unit according to the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module, and to send the status information of the fuel cell power generation module to the cockpit module through the communication conversion unit. The safety monitoring module is connected to the fuel cell power generation module and the cockpit module respectively. The safety monitoring module is used to monitor the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module in real time and send it to the control conversion unit and alarm information to the cockpit module.
[0007] Optionally, the control conversion module further includes a switching unit and a human-machine interaction unit, wherein the switching unit is electrically connected to the cockpit module and the human-machine interaction unit, respectively; The switching unit is used to start or shut down the at least two fuel cell power generation modules according to the local control command output by the human-machine interaction unit or the remote control command output by the cockpit module.
[0008] Optionally, the safety monitoring module includes at least a hydrogen concentration monitoring unit and a fault alarm unit, wherein the hydrogen concentration monitoring unit is connected to the fault alarm unit; The hydrogen concentration monitoring unit is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the fuel cell power generation module in real time; The fault alarm unit is used to output fault alarm information when the hydrogen concentration exceeds the hydrogen concentration threshold.
[0009] Optionally, the safety monitoring module further includes a water addition and degassing unit; The water filling and degassing unit is used to add coolant to the cooling circuit of the fuel cell power generation module according to the remote control commands output by the cockpit module; and to perform venting operation on the cooling circuit when changing the coolant.
[0010] Optionally, the safety monitoring module further includes an emergency stop unit; The emergency stop unit is electrically connected to the fuel cell power generation module, the hydrogen storage and supply module, and the cockpit module, respectively. The emergency stop unit is used to send an emergency stop command to the fuel cell power generation module through the hydrogen storage and supply module and the safety monitoring module, and to send an emergency stop alarm message to the cockpit module when the fuel cell power generation module is in an abnormal state.
[0011] Optionally, the at least two fuel cell power generation modules include a first fuel cell power generation module and a second fuel cell power generation module; The at least two security monitoring modules include a first security monitoring module and a second security monitoring module; The first fuel cell power generation module and the second fuel cell power generation module serve as backups for each other. The first security monitoring module and the second security monitoring module serve as backups for each other; The control switching unit is also used to switch to the other when either the first fuel cell power generation module or the second fuel cell power generation module fails, and to switch to the other when either the first safety monitoring module or the second safety monitoring module fails.
[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a control and monitoring method for a marine fuel cell system, characterized in that the control and monitoring system is applied to the marine fuel cell system described in any one of the first aspects, and the method includes: When the fuel cell power generation module receives an emergency stop command, the fuel cell power generation module stops operating; If the fuel cell power generation module does not receive an emergency stop command, it continues to determine whether the fuel cell power generation module has received a local control command output by the human-machine interface unit and / or a remote control command output by the cockpit module, in order to determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module.
[0013] Optionally, the local control commands include local start commands and local stop commands, and the remote control commands include remote start commands and remote stop commands; Determining whether the fuel cell power generation module receives a local control command output by the human-machine interface unit, and / or a remote control command output by the cockpit module, to determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module, includes: If the fuel cell power generation module does not receive a local control command from the human-machine interface unit, but receives a remote shutdown command from the cockpit module, the fuel cell power generation module will stop operating. If the fuel cell power generation module does not receive a local control command from the human-machine interface unit and does not receive a remote control command from the cockpit module, the fuel cell power generation module will stop operating. When the fuel cell power generation module does not receive a local control command output by the human-machine interface unit, but receives a remote start command output by the cockpit module and the fuel cell power generation module is fault-free, the fuel cell power generation module starts to run. When the fuel cell power generation module receives a local shutdown command output by the human-machine interaction unit, the fuel cell power generation module stops operating. When the fuel cell power generation module receives the local start command output by the human-machine interaction unit and the fuel cell power generation module is fault-free, the fuel cell power generation module starts to run.
[0014] Optionally, after the fuel cell power generation module starts operating, it further includes: Obtain the hydrogen concentration value of the fuel cell power generation module; Obtain the hydrogen concentration threshold; When the hydrogen concentration value is greater than the hydrogen concentration threshold, the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module is determined. When the hydrogen concentration value is less than or equal to the hydrogen concentration threshold, the first hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage and supply module and the second hydrogen concentration, conductivity and expansion tank level of the plate heat exchanger module are obtained. The first hydrogen concentration threshold of the hydrogen storage and supply module and the second hydrogen threshold, conductivity threshold and expansion tank level threshold of the plate heat exchanger module are obtained. When at least one of the following conditions is met: the first hydrogen concentration exceeds the first hydrogen concentration threshold, the second hydrogen concentration exceeds the second hydrogen concentration threshold, the conductivity exceeds the conductivity threshold, and the expansion tank level exceeds the expansion tank level threshold, the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module is determined. The fuel cell power generation module starts operating when the first hydrogen concentration does not exceed the first hydrogen concentration threshold, the second hydrogen concentration does not exceed the second hydrogen concentration threshold, the electrical conductivity does not exceed the electrical conductivity threshold, and the expansion tank level does not exceed the expansion tank level threshold.
[0015] Optionally, determining the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module includes: When the fuel cell power generation module is in the start-up and operation state, an emergency stop command is sent to the fuel cell power generation module and the hydrogen storage and supply module, and an alarm message is output. When the fuel cell power generation module is in a stopped state, an alarm message is output.
[0016] The technical solution of this invention provides a control and monitoring system for a marine fuel cell system, comprising at least a hydrogen storage and supply module, at least two fuel cell power generation modules, a heat exchanger module, and a cockpit module. The control and monitoring system includes a control conversion module and at least two safety monitoring modules. The control conversion module includes at least a control conversion unit, a power conversion unit, and a communication conversion unit. The control conversion unit sends fuel supply commands to the hydrogen storage and supply module, temperature adjustment commands to the heat exchanger module, and power dispatch commands to the power conversion unit, based on the operating status of the fuel cell power generation modules. It also sends status information of the fuel cell power generation modules to the cockpit module via the communication conversion unit. The safety monitoring modules monitor the operating status of the fuel cell power generation modules in real time and send alarm information to the control conversion unit and the cockpit module. This improves the monitoring accuracy of the fuel cell system and ensures its safe operation.
[0017] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A front view of a control and monitoring system for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A side view of a control and monitoring system for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell power generation module and a safety monitoring module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a control and monitoring method for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating another control and monitoring method for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating another control and monitoring method for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating another control and monitoring method for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view of a control and monitoring system for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 A side view of a control and monitoring system for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the control and monitoring system 15 for a marine fuel cell system is applied to the marine fuel cell system, which includes at least a hydrogen storage and supply module 11, at least two fuel cell power generation modules 12, a heat exchanger module 13, and a cockpit module 14. The control and monitoring system 15 includes a control conversion module 151 and at least two safety monitoring modules 152. The control conversion module 151 includes at least a control conversion unit 1511, a power conversion unit 1512, and a communication conversion unit 1513. The control conversion unit 1511 is electrically connected to the power conversion unit 1512, and is communicatively connected to the communication conversion unit 1513, the safety monitoring module 152, the hydrogen storage and supply module 11, and the heat exchanger module 13. The power conversion unit 1512 is electrically connected to the cockpit module 14 and communicates with the cockpit module 14. The control conversion unit 1511 is used to send fuel supply commands to the hydrogen storage and supply module 11, temperature adjustment commands to the plate heat exchanger module 13, and power dispatch commands to the power conversion unit 1512 according to the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module 12. It also sends the status information of the fuel cell power generation module 12 to the cockpit module 14 through the communication conversion unit 1513. The safety monitoring module 152 is connected to both the fuel cell power generation module 12 and the cockpit module 14. The safety monitoring module 152 is used to monitor the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module 12 in real time and send alarm information to the control conversion unit 1511 and the cockpit module 14.
[0023] The control and monitoring system 15 and the marine fuel cell system are both installed on the ship. The hydrogen storage and supply module 11 is used to safely store hydrogen and release it stably and controllably according to the stack's needs. The fuel cell power generation module 12 is used to generate electricity through an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and air in the stack. The marine fuel cell system includes at least two fuel cell power generation modules 12. These modules can operate simultaneously, or only one module can be started while the others stop working. Alternatively, if one module fails, the others can be activated. Each fuel cell power generation module 12 includes a fuel cell power generation module control unit 21, a hydrogen concentration detection unit 22 in the hydrogen zone, and a non-hydrogen concentration detection unit 23. The plate heat exchanger module 13 removes waste heat generated by the fuel cell power generation modules 12, ensuring stable operation of the stack within its optimal temperature range. The cockpit module 14 includes an engine room monitoring and alarm unit 141 and a ship energy management unit 142. The engine room monitoring and alarm unit 141 is connected to the communication conversion unit 1513 via a Modbus bus; the ship energy management unit 142 is connected to the power conversion unit 1512 via a hardwired power supply. The cockpit module 14 serves as the operator's work area, enabling ship operation, ship information display, monitoring, and control to ensure system safety.
[0024] The control and monitoring system 15 includes a control conversion module 151 and at least two safety monitoring modules 152. The control conversion module 151 includes at least a control conversion unit 1511, a power conversion unit 1512, and a communication conversion unit 1513. The power conversion unit 1512 may include a switching power supply, and the communication conversion unit 1513 may include a communication protocol conversion unit and a switch. The control conversion unit 1511 is electrically connected to the power conversion unit 1512. The control conversion unit 1511 is also connected to the communication conversion unit 1513, the hydrogen storage and supply module 11, and the plate heat exchanger cooling module 13 via a CAN1 bus. The control conversion unit 1511 is connected to the safety monitoring module 152 via a CAN3 bus. The communication conversion unit 1513 is connected to the cockpit module 14 via a Modbus bus, and the power conversion unit 1512 is electrically connected to the cockpit module 14. The control conversion unit 1511 can send power dispatch commands to the power conversion unit 1512 according to the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module 12, so that the power conversion unit 1512 can convert voltage or AC / DC power. The control conversion unit 1511 can send fuel supply commands to the hydrogen storage and supply module 11 according to the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module 12, so that the hydrogen storage and supply module 11 can supply hydrogen according to the needs of the fuel cell power generation module 12. The hydrogen storage and supply module 11 includes a hydrogen concentration detection unit 111. The control conversion unit 1511 is used to send temperature adjustment commands to the plate heat exchanger module 13 according to the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module 12. The plate heat exchanger module 13 removes the heat generated by the fuel cell power generation module 12 according to the temperature adjustment commands, ensuring that the stack operates stably and efficiently within the optimal temperature range. The plate heat exchanger module 13 includes a plate heat exchanger hydrogen concentration detection unit 131, a conductivity detection unit 132, and a coolant level detection unit 133. The communication conversion unit 1513 realizes data interaction and forwarding between different communication protocols. The control conversion unit 1511 is used to send the status information of the fuel cell power generation module 12 to the cockpit module 14 through the communication conversion unit 1513, so that the status information of the fuel cell power generation module 12 can be received by the cockpit module 14.
[0025] The safety monitoring module 152 is communicatively connected to the fuel cell power generation module 12 via a CAN bus. The safety monitoring module 152 is also hardwired to the cabin monitoring and alarm unit 141 in the cockpit module 14. The safety monitoring module 152 is used to monitor the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module 12 in real time and send the data to the control conversion unit 1511, as well as to the cockpit module 14. By using the safety monitoring module 152 to monitor the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module 12 in real time and transmitting the signal after signal conversion by the control conversion unit 1511, timely detection of abnormalities in the fuel cell power generation module 12 is achieved. When the fuel cell power generation module 12 operates in an abnormal state, the safety monitoring module 152 sends alarm information to the cockpit module 14 so that the cockpit module 14 can promptly detect the abnormality and propose handling measures to ensure the safety of the fuel cell power generation module 12.
[0026] This invention relates to a marine fuel cell system comprising a hydrogen storage and supply module, at least two fuel cell power generation modules, a heat exchanger module, and a cockpit module. The control and monitoring system includes a control conversion module and at least two safety monitoring modules. The control conversion module includes at least a control conversion unit, a power conversion unit, and a communication conversion unit. The control conversion unit sends fuel supply commands to the hydrogen storage and supply module, temperature adjustment commands to the heat exchanger module, and power dispatch commands to the power conversion unit, based on the operating status of the fuel cell power generation modules. It also sends status information of the fuel cell power generation modules to the cockpit module via the communication conversion unit. The safety monitoring modules monitor the operating status of the fuel cell power generation modules in real time and send alarm information to the control conversion unit and the cockpit module. This improves the monitoring accuracy of the fuel cell system and ensures its safe operation.
[0027] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The control conversion module 151 also includes a switching unit 1514 and a human-machine interaction unit 1515. The switching unit 1514 is electrically connected to the cockpit module 14 and the human-machine interaction unit 1515, respectively. The switching unit 1514 is used to start or shut down at least two fuel cell power generation modules 12 according to the local control command output by the human-machine interaction unit 1515 or the remote control command output by the cockpit module 14.
[0028] The human-machine interface unit 1515 can be a touchscreen, providing a graphical and user-friendly interface to display the real-time operating status of the fuel cell power generation module 12 and record alarm information. The switching unit 1514 can include a local / remote switching switch. The switching unit 1514 is connected to both the cockpit module 14 and the human-machine interface unit 1515 via a local / remote switching hardwire connection. The switching unit 1514 can start or stop at least two fuel cell power generation modules 12 according to local control commands output by the human-machine interface unit 1515, and can also start or stop at least two fuel cell power generation modules 12 according to remote control commands output by the cockpit module 14. This facilitates the rapid start and stop of different fuel cell power generation modules 12 during maintenance or other abnormal situations without affecting ship operation.
[0029] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The safety monitoring module 152 includes at least a hydrogen concentration monitoring unit 1521 and a fault alarm unit 1522. The hydrogen concentration monitoring unit 1521 is connected to the fault alarm unit 1522. The hydrogen concentration monitoring unit 1521 is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the fuel cell power generation module 12 in real time. The fault alarm unit 1522 is used to output fault alarm information when the hydrogen concentration exceeds the hydrogen concentration threshold.
[0030] The safety monitoring module 152 includes at least a hydrogen concentration monitoring unit 1521 and a fault alarm unit 1522. The hydrogen concentration monitoring unit 1521 is connected to the fault alarm unit 1522 and is also electrically connected to hydrogen concentration sensors in various areas. The fault alarm unit 1522 is electrically connected to the cabin monitoring alarm unit 141 in the cockpit module 14, so that the hydrogen concentration monitoring unit 1521 can monitor the hydrogen concentration of the fuel cell power generation module 12 in real time and report to the fault alarm unit 1522 when the hydrogen concentration exceeds the hydrogen concentration threshold, so that the fault alarm unit 1522 can output fault alarm information to promptly remind the staff in the cockpit and handle the situation.
[0031] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The safety monitoring module 152 also includes a water filling and degassing unit 1523; the water filling and degassing unit 1523 is used to add coolant to the cooling circuit of the fuel cell power generation module 12 according to the remote control command output by the cockpit module 14; and to perform venting operation on the cooling circuit when changing the coolant.
[0032] The safety monitoring module 152 also includes a water filling and degassing unit 1523. The water filling and degassing unit 1523 may include a water filling and degassing switch. The water filling and degassing unit 1523 can add coolant to the cooling circuit of the fuel cell power generation module 12 according to the remote control command output by the cockpit module 14; and perform venting operation on the cooling circuit when changing the coolant to prevent personnel from entering the hydrogen-related area and ensure the safety of personnel.
[0033] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 1 The safety monitoring module 152 also includes an emergency stop unit 1524; the emergency stop unit 1524 is electrically connected to the fuel cell power generation module 12, the hydrogen storage and supply module 11 and the cockpit module 14 respectively; the emergency stop unit 1524 is used to send emergency stop commands to the fuel cell power generation module 12 and the hydrogen storage and supply module 11 respectively, and to send emergency stop alarm information to the cockpit module 14 when the fuel cell power generation module 12 is in an abnormal state.
[0034] The safety monitoring module 152 also includes an emergency stop unit 1524, which can function as an emergency stop switch. The fuel cell power generation module 12 includes a fuel cell power generation module control unit 21. The emergency stop unit 1524 is electrically connected to the fuel cell power generation module control unit 21, the hydrogen storage and supply module 11, and the cockpit module 14 via hardwired connections. When the fuel cell power generation module 12 is in an abnormal state, the emergency stop unit 1524 can send emergency stop commands to the fuel cell power generation module 12 via the local fuel cell power generation module 12, the hydrogen storage and supply module 11, the safety monitoring module 152, and the cockpit module 14, respectively, causing the fuel cell module and the hydrogen storage and supply module 11 to shut down urgently to prevent system damage and safety accidents. In other words, the fuel cell power generation module 12, the hydrogen storage and supply module 11, the safety monitoring module 152, and the cockpit module 14 can all use the emergency stop unit 1524 to shut down the fuel cell power generation module 12. It also sends emergency stop alarm information to the cabin monitoring and alarm unit 141 in the cockpit module 14 to promptly alert personnel and facilitate handling.
[0035] Optional, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell power generation module and a safety monitoring module provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, at least two fuel cell power generation modules 12 include a first fuel cell power generation module 121 and a second fuel cell power generation module 122; at least two safety monitoring modules 152 include a first safety monitoring module 521 and a second safety monitoring module 522; the first fuel cell power generation module 121 and the second fuel cell power generation module 122 are backups of each other; the first safety monitoring module 521 and the second safety monitoring module 522 are backups of each other; the control switching unit 1511 is also used to switch to the other when either the first fuel cell power generation module 121 or the second fuel cell power generation module 122 fails, and to switch to the other when either the first safety monitoring module 521 or the second safety monitoring module 522 fails.
[0036] The system includes at least two fuel cell power generation modules 12, including a first fuel cell power generation module 121 and a second fuel cell power generation module 122. These modules serve as backups for each other, employing a redundant design. They can operate simultaneously or independently. Furthermore, if either module 121 or 122 fails, the other will start operating without affecting the normal operation of the other set of fuel cell power generation modules 12, thus ensuring the ship's normal navigation. Similarly, the system includes at least two safety monitoring modules 152, including a first safety monitoring module 521 and a second safety monitoring module 522. These modules also serve as backups for each other, employing a redundant design. They can operate simultaneously or independently. Furthermore, if either module 121 or 522 fails, the other will start operating without affecting the normal operation of the other set of safety monitoring modules 152, thus ensuring the ship's normal navigation.
[0037] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a control and monitoring method for a marine fuel cell system, applicable to the control and monitoring system of the marine fuel cell system described in any of the above embodiments. Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a control and monitoring method for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the control and monitoring methods for marine fuel cell systems include: S101, when the fuel cell power generation module receives an emergency stop command, the fuel cell power generation module stops operating.
[0038] The control and monitoring system of a marine fuel cell system first needs to determine whether the fuel cell power generation module has received an emergency stop command. Emergency stop commands can include those from the fuel cell power generation module itself, the control and monitoring system, or the cockpit module. If any emergency stop command is received, the fuel cell power generation module cannot operate and must remain in a stopped state. The control and monitoring system of a marine fuel cell system uses the same control logic for at least two fuel cell power generation modules. This example demonstrates the control logic of the control and monitoring system for one fuel cell power generation module.
[0039] S102, when the fuel cell power generation module does not receive an emergency stop command, it continues to determine whether the fuel cell power generation module has received a local control command output by the human-machine interface unit and / or a remote control command output by the cockpit module, in order to determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module.
[0040] When the fuel cell power generation module does not receive an emergency stop command, it is necessary to continue to determine whether the fuel cell power generation module has received local control commands output by the human-machine interface unit, whether the fuel cell power generation module has received remote control commands output by the cockpit module, and whether the fuel cell power generation module has received both local control commands output by the human-machine interface unit and remote control commands output by the cockpit module, in order to accurately determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module.
[0041] This invention, in its embodiments, stops the fuel cell power generation module when it receives an emergency stop command; if it does not receive an emergency stop command, it continues to determine whether it has received local control commands from the human-machine interface unit and / or remote control commands from the cockpit module, in order to ascertain the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module. This ensures accurate determination of the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module.
[0042] Optional, Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating another control and monitoring method for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, local control commands include local start commands and local stop commands, while remote control commands include remote start commands and remote stop commands.
[0043] S201, determine whether the fuel cell power generation module has received an emergency stop command. If yes, the fuel cell power generation module stops operating; otherwise, proceed to step S202.
[0044] S202, determine whether the fuel cell power generation module has received the local control command output by the human-machine interaction unit. If yes, proceed to step S204; otherwise, proceed to step S203.
[0045] S203, determine whether a remote shutdown command has been received from the cockpit module. If yes, proceed to step S205; otherwise, proceed to step S206.
[0046] S204, determine whether the fuel cell power generation module has received a local shutdown command output by the human-machine interaction unit; if yes, proceed to step S205; if no, proceed to step S207.
[0047] S205, the fuel cell power generation module has stopped operating.
[0048] Specifically, if the fuel cell power generation module does not receive a local control command from the human-machine interface unit but receives a remote shutdown command from the cockpit module, the fuel cell power generation module will stop operating. If it does not receive an emergency stop command, it needs to determine whether it has received a local control command from the human-machine interface unit. If it does not receive a local control command from the human-machine interface unit, it needs to further determine whether it has received a remote shutdown command. If it receives a remote shutdown command, the fuel cell power generation module will stop operating.
[0049] When the fuel cell power generation module does not receive local control commands from the human-machine interface unit and does not receive remote control commands from the cockpit module, the fuel cell power generation module will stop operating. Specifically, when the fuel cell power generation module does not receive local control commands from the human-machine interface unit and does not receive remote control commands from the cockpit module, that is, when it does not receive remote shutdown and remote start commands from the fuel cell power generation module, the fuel cell power generation module will stop operating.
[0050] S206, determine whether a remote start command has been received from the cockpit module and whether the fuel cell power generation module is fault-free. If yes, proceed to step S208; otherwise, proceed to step S205.
[0051] Specifically, the fuel cell power generation module starts operating when it receives a remote start command from the cockpit module but does not receive a local control command from the human-machine interface unit, and the fuel cell power generation module is fault-free. Conversely, if the fuel cell power generation module does not receive a local control command from the human-machine interface unit or a remote stop command from the cockpit module, but receives a remote start command from the cockpit module and is fault-free, it is considered to have started operating.
[0052] When the fuel cell power generation module receives a local shutdown command from the human-machine interface unit, the fuel cell power generation module stops operating. Specifically, when the fuel cell power generation module receives a local control command from the human-machine interface unit, and the received command is a local shutdown command, the fuel cell power generation module is considered to have stopped operating.
[0053] S207, determine whether a local start command has been received from the human-machine interaction unit and whether the fuel cell power generation module is fault-free; if yes, proceed to step S208; if no, proceed to step S205.
[0054] S208, the fuel cell power generation module starts running.
[0055] Specifically, the fuel cell power generation module starts operating when it receives a local start-up command from the human-machine interface unit and is fault-free. In other words, it is considered to have started operating when it receives a local control command from the human-machine interface unit, specifically a local start-up command, and is fault-free.
[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module is accurately determined by judging the local control commands, local start commands, local stop commands, remote control commands, remote start commands, and remote stop commands received by the fuel cell power generation module.
[0057] Optional, Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating another control and monitoring method for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 7 As shown, after the fuel cell power generation module starts operating, the method further includes: S301, Obtain the hydrogen concentration value of the fuel cell power generation module.
[0058] The fuel cell power generation module includes a hydrogen concentration detection unit for the hydrogen zone and a hydrogen concentration detection unit for the non-hydrogen zone, in order to obtain the hydrogen concentration values of each region in the fuel cell power generation module, which may include the hydrogen concentration values of the hydrogen zone and the non-hydrogen zone.
[0059] S302, Obtain the hydrogen concentration threshold.
[0060] The hydrogen concentration threshold can be set according to actual design requirements, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations.
[0061] S303, when the hydrogen concentration value is greater than the hydrogen concentration threshold, determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module.
[0062] When the hydrogen concentration value is greater than the hydrogen concentration threshold, it is necessary to determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module, that is, whether the fuel cell power generation module is in the start-up state or in the stop state.
[0063] S304, when the hydrogen concentration value is less than or equal to the hydrogen concentration threshold, obtain the first hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage and supply module and the second hydrogen concentration, conductivity and expansion tank level of the heat exchanger module.
[0064] Specifically, when the hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the hydrogen concentration threshold, it is also necessary to obtain the first hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage and supply module and the second hydrogen concentration, conductivity, and expansion tank level of the heat exchanger module to determine the operating status of the heat exchanger module of the hydrogen storage and supply module. The first hydrogen concentration is obtained through the hydrogen concentration detection unit of the hydrogen storage and supply module, the second hydrogen concentration is obtained through the hydrogen concentration detection unit of the heat exchanger module, the conductivity is obtained through the conductivity detection unit, and the expansion tank level is obtained through the coolant level detection unit.
[0065] S305, obtain the first hydrogen concentration threshold of the hydrogen storage and supply module and the second hydrogen threshold, conductivity threshold and expansion tank level threshold of the heat exchanger module.
[0066] The first hydrogen concentration threshold of the hydrogen storage and supply module, as well as the second hydrogen threshold, conductivity threshold, and expansion tank level threshold of the plate heat exchanger module, can be set according to actual design requirements. This embodiment of the invention does not impose specific limitations.
[0067] S306, when at least one of the following conditions is met: the first hydrogen concentration exceeds the first hydrogen concentration threshold, the second hydrogen concentration exceeds the second hydrogen concentration threshold, the conductivity exceeds the conductivity threshold, and the expansion tank level exceeds the expansion tank level threshold, the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module is determined.
[0068] Specifically, when at least one of the following conditions is met: the first hydrogen concentration exceeds the first hydrogen concentration threshold, the second hydrogen concentration exceeds the second hydrogen concentration threshold, the conductivity exceeds the conductivity threshold, and the expansion tank level exceeds the expansion tank level threshold, it is necessary to determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module, that is, to determine whether the fuel cell power generation module is in the start-up operating state or in the stop operating state.
[0069] S307, when the first hydrogen concentration does not exceed the first hydrogen concentration threshold, the second hydrogen concentration does not exceed the second hydrogen concentration threshold, the conductivity does not exceed the conductivity threshold, and the expansion tank level does not exceed the expansion tank level threshold, the fuel cell power generation module starts to operate.
[0070] Specifically, the fuel cell power generation module is considered to be started and running when the first hydrogen concentration does not exceed the first hydrogen concentration threshold, the second hydrogen concentration does not exceed the second hydrogen concentration threshold, the conductivity does not exceed the conductivity threshold, and the expansion tank level does not exceed the expansion tank level threshold.
[0071] This invention provides an embodiment that acquires and determines the hydrogen concentration value and hydrogen concentration threshold of the fuel cell power generation module. It also acquires and determines the first hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage and supply module, the second hydrogen concentration, conductivity, and expansion tank level of the plate heat exchanger module, as well as the first hydrogen concentration threshold of the hydrogen storage and supply module, the second hydrogen threshold, conductivity threshold, and expansion tank level threshold of the plate heat exchanger module, in order to accurately determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module.
[0072] Optional, Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating another control and monitoring method for a marine fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the method includes: S401, Obtain the hydrogen concentration value of the fuel cell power generation module.
[0073] S402, obtain the hydrogen concentration threshold.
[0074] S403, When the hydrogen concentration value is greater than the hydrogen concentration threshold, then proceed to step S408.
[0075] S404, when the hydrogen concentration value is less than or equal to the hydrogen concentration threshold, obtain the first hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage and supply module and the second hydrogen concentration, conductivity and expansion tank level of the plate heat exchanger module.
[0076] S405, obtain the first hydrogen concentration threshold of the hydrogen storage and supply module and the second hydrogen threshold, conductivity threshold and expansion tank level threshold of the heat exchanger module.
[0077] S406, when at least one of the following conditions is met: the first hydrogen concentration exceeds the first hydrogen concentration threshold, the second hydrogen concentration exceeds the second hydrogen concentration threshold, the conductivity exceeds the conductivity threshold, and the expansion tank level exceeds the expansion tank level threshold, then step S408 is executed.
[0078] S407, when the first hydrogen concentration does not exceed the first hydrogen concentration threshold, the second hydrogen concentration does not exceed the second hydrogen concentration threshold, the conductivity does not exceed the conductivity threshold, and the expansion tank level does not exceed the expansion tank level threshold, the fuel cell power generation module starts to operate.
[0079] S408, determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module. If yes, proceed to step S409; otherwise, proceed to step S410.
[0080] S409: When the fuel cell power generation module is in the start-up and operation state, an emergency stop command is sent to the fuel cell power generation module and the hydrogen storage and supply module, and alarm information is output.
[0081] Specifically, when the fuel cell power generation module is in the start-up and operation state, an emergency stop command needs to be sent to the fuel cell power generation module to immediately stop it; and an emergency stop command needs to be sent to the hydrogen storage and supply module to stop it from continuing to supply hydrogen. Alarm information also needs to be output and fault information reported to the cockpit module to promptly alert personnel and facilitate handling.
[0082] S410: When the fuel cell power generation module is in a stopped state, an alarm message is output.
[0083] When the fuel cell power generation module is in a stopped state, it is also necessary to output alarm information and report fault information to the cockpit module in a timely manner to remind the staff and handle the situation.
[0084] This invention, through its embodiments, determines the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module. When the fuel cell power generation module is in the start-up state, an emergency stop command is sent to both the fuel cell power generation module and the hydrogen storage and supply module, and an alarm message is output. Conversely, when the fuel cell power generation module is in the stop-operation state, an alarm message is also output. This ensures timely shutdown of the fuel cell power generation module in case of malfunction, preventing system damage and safety accidents.
[0085] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.
Claims
1. A control monitoring system for a marine fuel cell system, characterized by The system is applied to the marine fuel cell system, which includes at least a hydrogen storage and supply module, at least two fuel cell power generation modules, a plate heat exchanger module, and a cockpit module. The control and monitoring system includes a control conversion module and at least two safety monitoring modules; The control conversion module includes at least a control conversion unit, a power conversion unit, and a communication conversion unit; The control conversion unit is electrically connected to the power conversion unit, and the control conversion unit is communicatively connected to the communication conversion unit, the safety monitoring module, the hydrogen storage and supply module, and the plate heat exchanger cooling module, respectively. The communication conversion unit is communicatively connected to the cockpit module, and the power conversion unit is electrically connected to the cockpit module. The control conversion unit is used to send fuel supply commands to the hydrogen storage and supply module, temperature adjustment commands to the plate heat exchanger cooling module, and power dispatch commands to the power conversion unit according to the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module, and to send the status information of the fuel cell power generation module to the cockpit module through the communication conversion unit. The safety monitoring module is connected to the fuel cell power generation module and the cockpit module respectively. The safety monitoring module is used to monitor the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module in real time and send it to the control conversion unit and alarm information to the cockpit module.
2. A control monitoring system of a marine fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control conversion module further includes a switching unit and a human-machine interaction unit, wherein the switching unit is electrically connected to the cockpit module and the human-machine interaction unit respectively; The switching unit is used to start or shut down the at least two fuel cell power generation modules according to the local control command output by the human-machine interaction unit or the remote control command output by the cockpit module.
3. The control and monitoring system for a marine fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety monitoring module includes at least a hydrogen concentration monitoring unit and a fault alarm unit, wherein the hydrogen concentration monitoring unit is connected to the fault alarm unit. The hydrogen concentration monitoring unit is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the fuel cell power generation module in real time; The fault alarm unit is used to output fault alarm information when the hydrogen concentration exceeds the hydrogen concentration threshold.
4. The control and monitoring system for a marine fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety monitoring module also includes a water addition and degassing unit; The water filling and degassing unit is used to add coolant to the cooling circuit of the fuel cell power generation module according to the remote control commands output by the cockpit module; and to perform venting operation on the cooling circuit when changing the coolant.
5. The control monitoring system of a marine fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by, The safety monitoring module also includes an emergency stop unit; The emergency stop unit is electrically connected to the fuel cell power generation module, the hydrogen storage and supply module, and the cockpit module, respectively. The emergency stop unit is used to send an emergency stop command to the fuel cell power generation module through the hydrogen storage and supply module and the safety monitoring module, and to send an emergency stop alarm message to the cockpit module when the fuel cell power generation module is in an abnormal state.
6. The control monitoring system of a marine fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by, The at least two fuel cell power generation modules include a first fuel cell power generation module and a second fuel cell power generation module; The at least two security monitoring modules include a first security monitoring module and a second security monitoring module; The first fuel cell power generation module and the second fuel cell power generation module serve as backups for each other. The first security monitoring module and the second security monitoring module serve as backups for each other; The control switching unit is also used to switch to the other when either the first fuel cell power generation module or the second fuel cell power generation module fails, and to switch to the other when either the first safety monitoring module or the second safety monitoring module fails.
7. A control monitoring method of a marine fuel cell system, characterized by, The control and monitoring system applied to the marine fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1-6, the method comprising: When the fuel cell power generation module receives an emergency stop command, the fuel cell power generation module stops operating; If the fuel cell power generation module does not receive an emergency stop command, it continues to determine whether the fuel cell power generation module has received a local control command output by the human-machine interface unit and / or a remote control command output by the cockpit module, in order to determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module.
8. The control monitoring method of a marine fuel cell system according to claim 7, characterized by, The local control commands include local start commands and local stop commands, and the remote control commands include remote start commands and remote stop commands; Determining whether the fuel cell power generation module receives a local control command output by the human-machine interface unit, and / or a remote control command output by the cockpit module, to determine the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module, includes: If the fuel cell power generation module does not receive a local control command from the human-machine interface unit, but receives a remote shutdown command from the cockpit module, the fuel cell power generation module will stop operating. If the fuel cell power generation module does not receive a local control command from the human-machine interface unit and does not receive a remote control command from the cockpit module, the fuel cell power generation module will stop operating. When the fuel cell power generation module does not receive a local control command output by the human-machine interface unit, but receives a remote start command output by the cockpit module and the fuel cell power generation module is fault-free, the fuel cell power generation module starts to run. When the fuel cell power generation module receives a local shutdown command output by the human-machine interaction unit, the fuel cell power generation module stops operating. When the fuel cell power generation module receives the local start command output by the human-machine interaction unit and the fuel cell power generation module is fault-free, the fuel cell power generation module starts to run.
9. The control monitoring method of a marine fuel cell system according to claim 8, characterized by, After the fuel cell power generation module is started and running, it also includes: Obtain the hydrogen concentration value of the fuel cell power generation module; Obtain the hydrogen concentration threshold; When the hydrogen concentration value is greater than the hydrogen concentration threshold, the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module is determined. When the hydrogen concentration value is less than or equal to the hydrogen concentration threshold, the first hydrogen concentration of the hydrogen storage and supply module and the second hydrogen concentration, conductivity and expansion tank level of the plate heat exchanger module are obtained. The first hydrogen concentration threshold of the hydrogen storage and supply module and the second hydrogen threshold, conductivity threshold and expansion tank level threshold of the plate heat exchanger module are obtained. When at least one of the following conditions is met: the first hydrogen concentration exceeds the first hydrogen concentration threshold, the second hydrogen concentration exceeds the second hydrogen concentration threshold, the conductivity exceeds the conductivity threshold, and the expansion tank level exceeds the expansion tank level threshold, the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module is determined. The fuel cell power generation module starts operating when the first hydrogen concentration does not exceed the first hydrogen concentration threshold, the second hydrogen concentration does not exceed the second hydrogen concentration threshold, the electrical conductivity does not exceed the electrical conductivity threshold, and the expansion tank level does not exceed the expansion tank level threshold.
10. The control monitoring method of a marine fuel cell system according to claim 9, characterized by, Determining the operating status of the fuel cell power generation module includes: When the fuel cell power generation module is in the start-up and operation state, an emergency stop command is sent to the fuel cell power generation module and the hydrogen storage and supply module, and an alarm message is output. When the fuel cell power generation module is in a stopped state, an alarm message is output.