A multi-excitation source magnet structure

Abstract

This invention relates to a multi-excitation source magnet structure, comprising a stator core and an electromagnet arranged opposite each other, with a gap between the stator core and the electromagnet. The stator core is fixed to a track. The electromagnet includes multiple magnetic pole modules arranged adjacent to each other. Each magnetic pole module includes a magnetic pole core and a wound coil. A magnetic yoke is provided between the magnetic pole cores of adjacent magnetic pole modules. A permanent magnet is disposed within the magnetic pole core and / or the magnetic yoke. When the coil is energized, it and the permanent magnet jointly generate a magnetic field and electromagnetic attraction, causing the electromagnet to levitate. Compared with the prior art, this invention can solve the problem of high energy consumption of existing EMS high-speed magnetic levitation electromagnets and improve the levitation force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnet technology, and in particular to a multi-excitation source magnet structure. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed maglev utilizes electromagnetic force to achieve contactless levitation and guidance between the vehicle body and the track, and drives a linear motor to achieve ultra-high-speed travel. For high-speed maglev of the conventional electromagnetic levitation (EMS) system, pure electromagnetic levitation is currently mainly used. That is, the attraction between the on-board electromagnet and the stator below the track is used to levitate the train. By adjusting the electromagnet current in real time, the control system can maintain a stable levitation gap. Among them, the electromagnet made of aluminum or copper conductors needs to provide levitation force across the entire speed range of the train from standstill to high speed, and couple with the three-phase current of the stator to provide traction force.

[0003] However, in practical applications, electromagnets are prone to overheating and ablation, as well as insulation damage, during operation. Furthermore, if the maglev speed is increased from 430 km / h to 600 km / h, considering the increased air gap fluctuation, a larger levitation air gap is needed to ensure safety, thus requiring a greater current from the electromagnet. Existing research aims to improve heat dissipation and increase the electromagnet current by optimizing inter-turn insulation materials and adopting active cooling methods, but this significantly increases the electromagnet's energy consumption. Data shows that the current levitation energy consumption per train at 100 km / h is 70 kW, which increases to 100 kW at 400 km / h.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce levitation energy consumption while improving levitation force is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a multi-excitation source magnet structure, which can solve the problem of high energy consumption of existing EMS high-speed magnetic levitation electromagnets and improve levitation force.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: a multi-excitation source magnet structure includes a stator core and an electromagnet arranged opposite each other, with a gap between the stator core and the electromagnet. The stator core is fixed on a track. The electromagnet includes a plurality of magnetic pole modules arranged in sequence adjacent to each other. Each magnetic pole module includes a magnetic pole core and a wound coil. A magnetic yoke is provided between the magnetic pole cores of the adjacent magnetic pole modules. A permanent magnet is provided inside the magnetic pole core and / or the magnetic yoke. When the coil is energized, it and the permanent magnet jointly generate a magnetic field and an electromagnetic attraction, causing the electromagnet to levitate.

[0007] Furthermore, the excitation current directions of the coils wound on the magnetic pole cores of the adjacent magnetic pole modules are opposite, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet and the excitation direction of the coil should ensure that the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic flux are superimposed.

[0008] Furthermore, the length of the stator core is the same as the length of the electromagnet.

[0009] Furthermore, the height of the magnetic pole cores in the magnetic pole modules at both ends of the electromagnet is higher than the height of the magnetic pole cores in the magnetic pole modules in the middle part of the electromagnet.

[0010] Furthermore, the stator core is uniformly provided with slots for placing three-phase current conductors.

[0011] Furthermore, the magnetic pole core is provided with slots for embedding the linear generator coil.

[0012] Furthermore, the slots on the stator core are arranged opposite to the slots on the magnetic pole core.

[0013] Furthermore, when a permanent magnet is provided inside the magnetic yoke, the permanent magnet is located in the middle position of the magnetic yoke.

[0014] Furthermore, the permanent magnet is embedded in the middle of the inside of the magnetic yoke, and both the upper and lower ends of the permanent magnet form magnetic isolation bridges using the magnetic yoke body.

[0015] Furthermore, when a permanent magnet is provided inside the magnetic pole core, the magnetic pole core has a U-shaped structure, and the permanent magnet is located in the middle of the two vertical arms of the magnetic pole core. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stator core and two adjacent magnetic pole modules within the electromagnet in Example 1; Figure 2 To adopt Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the multi-excitation source magnet structure shown in the figure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stator core and two adjacent magnetic pole modules within the electromagnet in Example 2; Figure 4 To adopt Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the multi-excitation source magnet structure shown in the figure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stator core and two adjacent magnetic pole modules inside the electromagnet in Example 3; Figure 6 To adopt Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the multi-excitation source magnet structure shown in the figure; The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Stator core, 2. Coil, 4. Magnetic pole core, 6. Magnetic yoke, 7. Permanent magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] This proposal suggests a multi-excitation source magnet structure combining electromagnetic and permanent magnet technologies as the core component of EMS high-speed maglev. This structure addresses the high energy consumption of existing EMS high-speed maglev electromagnets while simultaneously improving levitation force. The multi-excitation source magnet structure includes a stator core and electromagnets arranged opposite each other, with a gap (levitation gap) between them. The stator core is fixed to the track, while the electromagnet comprises multiple sequentially arranged magnetic pole modules. Each magnetic pole module includes a magnetic pole core and a wound coil (serving as an excitation coil). A yoke (made of magnetic steel) is positioned between the magnetic pole cores of adjacent modules. This design incorporates permanent magnets within the magnetic pole cores and / or yokes. The excitation current directions of the coils wound on the magnetic pole cores of adjacent modules are opposite, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets and the excitation direction of the coils should ensure that the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets and electromagnets is superimposed. When the coils on the magnetic pole cores are energized, they together generate a magnetic field and electromagnetic attraction with the permanent magnets, causing the electromagnet to levitate.

[0019] Example 1 In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the permanent magnet 7 is positioned in the middle of the yoke 6. The two ends of the yoke 6 are connected to two adjacent magnetic pole cores 4, respectively. Coils 2 are wound around the two adjacent magnetic pole cores 4 in opposite directions. The yoke 6 comprises left and right yoke cores, and the permanent magnet 7 is tightly connected to both parts of the yoke core. The magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 7 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, when current is passed through the two coils 2, they will generate opposite magnetic fields. Combined with the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, the magnetic flux of the three will be superimposed, thereby increasing the levitation force and reducing the levitation energy consumption.

[0020] In addition, the stator core 1 has slots for placing three-phase current conductors, and the magnetic pole core 4 has slots for embedding linear generator coils. When the three-phase current conductors are energized, they generate a moving magnetic field, which interacts with the electromagnets arranged on the vehicle to achieve traction. The magnetic field generated by the stator core 1 interacts with the linear generator coil, causing the linear generator coil to induce alternating current, thereby providing electrical energy to the electrical equipment on the vehicle.

[0021] This embodiment is constructed based on the above structure as follows: Figure 2The multi-excitation source magnet structure shown includes a long stator and an electromagnet. The electromagnet consists of 12 magnetic pole modules, with 10 modules in the middle being the main poles and 2 modules at each end being the end poles. Considering the need to install a levitation sensor, the core height of the side poles is higher than that of the middle pole. In this embodiment, the stator length is 3096 mm, the tooth cog width * height is 43 * 43 mm, the tooth cog pitch is 86 mm, and the electromagnet main pole pitch is 266.5 mm.

[0022] In practical applications, the number of magnetic pole modules inside the electromagnet can be set according to actual needs, and the stator length should be the same as the length of the electromagnet section.

[0023] To verify the effectiveness of this solution, simulation calculations were also performed in finite element simulation software to compare the levitation force and energy consumption between the multi-excitation source magnet structure constructed in this embodiment and the traditional electromagnetic levitation electromagnet. In this embodiment, each excitation coil current was set to 25 A and 290 turns; the permanent magnet width*height was 10*56 mm. When the levitation air gap was 10 mm, the electromagnetic levitation electromagnet could generate a levitation force of 45.4 kN; the permanent magnet + electromagnetic multi-excitation source magnet constructed in this embodiment could generate a levitation force of 51.6 kN, an increase of 13.7%; when the levitation force of 45.4 kN was kept constant, the coil in the multi-excitation source magnet constructed in this embodiment only required a current of 22.5 A, that is, the energy consumption was reduced by 10%.

[0024] Example 2 In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the permanent magnet 7 is embedded in the middle of the magnetic yoke 6. That is, the permanent magnet 7 has narrow magnetic yokes on both the upper and lower sides to form a magnetic isolation bridge structure, which can limit magnetic leakage (block the bypass magnetic leakage of the permanent magnet), improve the air gap magnetic flux and magnetic field utilization.

[0025] The left and right sides of the magnetic yoke 6 are respectively connected to two adjacent magnetic pole cores 4. Coils 2 are wound on the two adjacent magnetic pole cores 4 respectively, and the winding directions of the two coils 2 are opposite. The magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 7 is... Figure 3 As shown, the rest of the structural design is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0026] This embodiment is constructed based on the above structure as follows: Figure 4The multi-excitation source magnet structure shown includes a long stator and an electromagnet. The electromagnet consists of 12 magnetic pole modules, with 10 modules in the middle being the main poles and 2 modules at each end being the end poles. Considering the need to install a levitation sensor, the core height of the side poles is higher than that of the middle pole. In this embodiment, the stator length is 3096 mm, the tooth cog width * height is 43 * 43 mm, the tooth cog pitch is 86 mm, and the electromagnet main pole pitch is 266.5 mm.

[0027] Example 3 In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the permanent magnet 7 is disposed inside the magnetic pole core 4. Specifically, the magnetic pole core 4 adopts a U-shaped structure, and the permanent magnet 7 is located in the middle of the two vertical arms of the magnetic pole core 4. The magnetization direction of each permanent magnet 7 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the magnetic yoke 6 is an integral part, and no permanent magnet 7 is provided inside it. The rest of the structural design of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment one.

[0028] This embodiment is constructed based on the above structure as follows: Figure 6 The multi-excitation source magnet structure shown includes a long stator and an electromagnet. The electromagnet consists of 12 magnetic pole modules, with 10 modules in the middle being the main poles and 2 modules at each end being the end poles. Considering the need to install a levitation sensor, the core height of the side poles is higher than that of the middle pole. In this embodiment, the stator length is 3096 mm, the tooth cog width * height is 43 * 43 mm, the tooth cog pitch is 86 mm, and the electromagnet main pole pitch is 266.5 mm.

[0029] In summary, this scheme proposes a multi-excitation source magnet structure combining electromagnetic and permanent magnet, which reduces the excitation coil current of EMS high-speed maglev, reduces energy consumption pressure, and improves levitation capacity, thus providing a reference for the quality improvement and upgrading of EMS high-speed maglev and other similar devices.

Claims

1. A multi-excitation source magnet structure, characterized by, The system includes a stator core (1) and an electromagnet arranged opposite to each other. There is a gap between the stator core (1) and the electromagnet. The stator core (1) is fixed on a track. The electromagnet includes multiple magnetic pole modules arranged in sequence. Each magnetic pole module includes a magnetic pole core (4) and a wound coil (2). A magnetic yoke (6) is provided between the magnetic pole cores (4) of the adjacent magnetic pole modules. A permanent magnet (7) is provided in the magnetic pole core (4) and / or the magnetic yoke (6). When the coil (2) is energized, it and the permanent magnet (7) jointly generate a magnetic field and electromagnetic attraction, which makes the electromagnet levitate.

2. A multi-excitation source magnet structure according to claim 1, wherein The excitation current of the coils (2) wound on the magnetic pole cores (4) of the adjacent magnetic pole modules is opposite. The magnetization direction of the permanent magnet (7) and the excitation direction of the coil (2) should ensure that the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet and the electromagnetic flux are superimposed.

3. A multi-excitation source magnet structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the stator core (1) is the same as the length of the electromagnet.

4. A multi-excitation source magnet structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the magnetic pole core (4) in the magnetic pole modules at both ends of the electromagnet is higher than the height of the magnetic pole core (4) in the magnetic pole module in the middle part of the electromagnet.

5. A multi-excitation source magnet structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The stator core (1) is uniformly provided with slots for placing three-phase current conductors.

6. A multi-excitation source magnet structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The magnetic pole core (4) has slots for embedding the linear generator coil.

7. A multi-excitation source magnet structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The slots on the stator core (1) are arranged opposite to the slots on the magnetic pole core (4).

8. A multi-excitation source magnet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a permanent magnet (7) is provided inside the yoke (6), the permanent magnet (7) is located in the middle position of the yoke (6).

9. A multi-excitation source magnet structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The permanent magnet (7) is embedded in the middle of the inside of the yoke (6), and the upper and lower ends of the permanent magnet (7) are formed by the yoke (6) body to form a magnetic isolation bridge.

10. A multi-excitation source magnet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a permanent magnet (7) is provided inside the magnetic pole core (4), the magnetic pole core (4) has a U-shaped structure, and the permanent magnet (7) is located in the middle of the two vertical arms of the magnetic pole core (4).

Images