A communication method and apparatus

Abstract

A communication method and apparatus are disclosed, relating to the field of communication technology, to improve network communication efficiency. The method includes: sending a first data frame including a first TF symbol to a second node, the first TF symbol's frequency domain covering the entire frequency band of the communication network; receiving available frequency band information from the second node, the available frequency band information indicating available frequency bands that meet certain conditions obtained by the second node through channel estimation within the entire frequency band of the communication network based on the first TF symbol; and communicating with the second node using the available frequency band indicated by the available frequency band information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Power line communication (PLC) networks, also known as power line carrier communication networks, utilize existing low-frequency (50 / 60 Hz) power lines to transmit analog or digital signals via carrier waves.

[0003] The power line high-speed carrier communication technology specification defines multiple sets of available communication frequency bands. The central coordinator (CCO) of the PLC network selects a set of communication frequency bands for the transformer area network communication based on the PLC channel and interference conditions, so as to cover as many nodes in the transformer area network as possible. Nodes connected to this PLC transformer area network can only operate on the frequency band selected by the CCO.

[0004] Due to the unique transmission characteristics of power lines—for example, they are not dedicated lines designed for communication, the communication line environment is harsh, with various pulse noises and interference—and the fact that PLCs transmit low-frequency signals, which attenuate differently with distance, along with the uncertainty of connected electrical appliances leading to impedance mismatch and multipath effects, all of these factors severely affect signal transmission and result in significant differences in the available frequency bands for different nodes. If all nodes connected to a distribution area operate on the same frequency band, it may lead to a waste of available spectrum resources and low network communication efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method and apparatus to improve network communication efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] Firstly, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a first node in a communication network. The first node is any node in the communication network, and the first node communicates with a second node. The method may include: sending a first data frame including a first training field (TF) symbol to the second node, the first TF symbol covering the entire frequency band of the communication network in its frequency domain; then, receiving available frequency band information from the second node, the available frequency band information being used to instruct the second node to obtain a suitable available frequency band within the entire frequency band of the communication network based on the first TF symbol. Finally, the first node uses the available frequency band indicated by the available frequency band information to communicate with the second node.

[0008] The solution provided in this application sends TF symbols covering the entire frequency band to the counterpart node, enabling the counterpart node to perform channel estimation across the entire frequency band and select available frequency bands that meet the conditions for inter-node communication based on the channel estimation results. In this way, as long as the configuration meets the conditions for node communication, the selected frequency band for inter-node communication is adapted to the channel conditions. Different nodes within the network can select available frequency bands according to their own channel conditions, maximizing the utilization of available frequency bands, avoiding spectrum resource waste, and consequently improving network communication efficiency.

[0009] One possible implementation is that the first data frame is a probe frame that does not transmit payload. The first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first frame control (FC) symbol, and a first TF symbol located after the first FC symbol.

[0010] In another possible implementation, the first data frame is a data frame for transmitting payload, and the first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first frame control (FC) symbol, and a first payload symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and before the first payload symbol.

[0011] In another possible implementation, the first data frame is a data frame for transmitting payload, and the first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first FC symbol, and a first payload symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and the first payload symbol.

[0012] Another possible implementation involves the following conditions: the proportion of frequency points with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) greater than or equal to a first threshold, and greater than or equal to a second threshold. SNR reflects the transmission quality of the signal through the channel, i.e., the channel environment conditions; higher SNR indicates higher transmission quality. By using the first threshold as a criterion for determining whether the channel environment conditions are suitable for node communication, and the second threshold as a criterion for the proportion of frequency points suitable for node communication, the conditions for selecting available frequency bands for nodes can be configured. This ensures that nodes achieve the highest possible communication quality within the selected available frequency bands, thereby improving network communication efficiency.

[0013] Another possible implementation involves using the available frequency band indicated by the available frequency band information to communicate with the second node. Specifically, this includes sending a second data frame to the second node. The second data frame sequentially includes a second preamble symbol, a second FC symbol, a second TF symbol, and a second payload symbol. The second TF symbol and the second payload symbol use the negotiated available frequency band. The bandwidth used by the second preamble symbol and the second FC symbol is smaller than the available frequency band. The second payload symbol carries the data sent to the second node. In this way, the small-bandwidth preamble symbol ensures that a sufficient number of nodes in the network can detect the transmitted signal, supporting the mechanism of frequency band competition among nodes in the communication network, avoiding interference caused by communication conflicts between nodes, and ensuring the communication quality of the communication network.

[0014] Another possible implementation involves using the available frequency band indicated by the available frequency band information to communicate with the second node. Specifically, this includes: receiving a third data frame from the second node. The third data frame sequentially includes a third preamble symbol, a third FC symbol, a third TF symbol, and a third payload symbol. The third TF symbol and the third payload symbol use the available frequency band, while the bandwidth of the frequency band used by the third preamble symbol and the third FC symbol is smaller than the available frequency band. The third payload symbol carries the data sent by the second node to the first node. Channel estimation is performed using the third preamble symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the third FC symbol. Channel estimation is also performed using the third TF symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the third payload symbol. In this way, the small-bandwidth preamble symbol ensures that a sufficient number of nodes in the network can detect the transmitted signal, supporting the mechanism of frequency band competition among nodes in the communication network, avoiding interference caused by communication conflicts between nodes, and ensuring the communication quality of the communication network.

[0015] Another possible implementation involves using the third TF symbol for channel estimation and then using the channel estimation result to demodulate the third payload symbol. This includes: when the data frame type field of the third FC symbol indicates that the symbol frequency band in the third data frame is different, using the third TF symbol for channel estimation and then using the channel estimation result to demodulate the third payload symbol. Multiple data frame formats can coexist through the data frame type indication in the FC symbol. When the data frame type indicates that the data frame carries a TF symbol, the channel estimation result of the TF symbol can be used to demodulate the payload symbol.

[0016] Another possible implementation involves using the available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information to communicate with the second node. Specifically, this includes transmitting data frames with the second node, where each symbol in the data frame uses the aforementioned available frequency band. The channel estimation results of the preamble symbol can be used to demodulate subsequent symbols.

[0017] Another possible implementation is that the available frequency band information includes: a first subcarrier number and a second subcarrier number, and the available frequency band indicated by the available frequency band information is from the frequency point indicated by the first subcarrier number to the frequency point indicated by the second subcarrier number.

[0018] Another possible implementation is that the first node can periodically send a first data frame, including the first training field TF symbol, to the second node. The frequency band for inter-node communication is periodically adjusted according to channel conditions to ensure network communication efficiency.

[0019] Another possible implementation is that when the first node detects a high packet error rate in the data frame, it sends a first data frame, including the TF symbol of the first training field, to the second node. That is, when a decline in network communication quality is detected, the frequency band for inter-node communication is adjusted according to channel environmental conditions to improve network communication efficiency and quality.

[0020] Secondly, another communication method is provided, which can be applied to a second node in a communication network. The second node is any node in the communication network that communicates with the first node. The method may include: receiving a first data frame from the first node, which includes a first TF symbol, the first TF symbol covering the entire frequency band of the communication network; using the first TF symbol to perform channel estimation in the entire frequency band to obtain a channel estimation result; sending available frequency band information to the first node to indicate that the channel estimation result meets the conditions; and using the available frequency band to communicate with the first node.

[0021] The solution provided in this application performs channel estimation across the entire frequency band based on the TF symbols transmitted by the counterpart node, and then selects available frequency bands that meet the conditions for inter-node communication based on the channel estimation results. In this way, as long as the configuration meets the conditions for node communication, the selected frequency band for inter-node communication is adapted to the channel conditions. Different nodes within the network can select available frequency bands according to their own channel conditions, thus maximizing the utilization of available frequency bands, avoiding spectrum resource waste, and consequently improving network communication efficiency.

[0022] One possible implementation is that the first data frame is a probe frame that does not transmit payload. The first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first FC symbol, and a first TF symbol located after the first FC symbol.

[0023] In another possible implementation, the first data frame is a data frame for transmitting payload, and the first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first frame control (FC) symbol, and a first payload symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and before the first payload symbol.

[0024] In another possible implementation, the first data frame is a data frame for transmitting payload, and the first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first FC symbol, and a first payload symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and the first payload symbol.

[0025] Another possible implementation involves the following conditions: the proportion of frequency points with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) greater than or equal to a first threshold, and greater than or equal to a second threshold. SNR reflects the transmission quality of the signal through the channel, i.e., the channel environment conditions; higher SNR indicates higher transmission quality. By using the first threshold as a criterion for determining whether the channel environment conditions are suitable for node communication, and the second threshold as a criterion for the proportion of frequency points suitable for node communication, the conditions for selecting available frequency bands for nodes can be configured. This ensures that nodes achieve the highest possible communication quality within the selected available frequency bands, thereby improving network communication efficiency.

[0026] Another possible implementation, using the available frequency band indicated by the available frequency band information to communicate with the first node, specifically includes: receiving a second data frame from the first node. The second data frame sequentially includes a second preamble symbol, a second FC symbol, a second TF symbol, and a second payload symbol. The second TF symbol and the second payload symbol use the available frequency band, while the bandwidth of the frequency band used by the second preamble symbol and the second FC symbol is smaller than the available frequency band. The second payload symbol is used to carry data transmitted to the first node. Channel estimation is performed using the second preamble symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the second FC symbol. Channel estimation is also performed using the second TF symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the second payload symbol. In this way, the small-bandwidth preamble symbol ensures that a sufficient number of nodes in the network can detect the transmitted signal, supporting the mechanism of frequency band competition among nodes in the communication network, avoiding interference caused by communication conflicts between nodes, and ensuring the communication quality of the communication network.

[0027] Another possible implementation involves using the second TF symbol for channel estimation and then using the channel estimation result to demodulate the second payload symbol. This includes: when the data frame type field of the second FC symbol indicates that the symbol frequency bands in the second data frame are different, using the second TF symbol for channel estimation and then using the channel estimation result to demodulate the second payload symbol. Multiple data frame formats can coexist through the data frame type indication in the FC symbol. When the data frame type indicates that the data frame carries a TF symbol, the channel estimation result of the TF symbol can be used to demodulate the payload symbol.

[0028] Another possible implementation involves using the available frequency band indicated by the available frequency band information to communicate with the first node. Specifically, this includes sending a third data frame to the first node. The third data frame sequentially includes a third preamble symbol, a third FC symbol, a third TF symbol, and a third payload symbol. The third TF symbol and the third payload symbol use the negotiated available frequency band, while the bandwidth of the frequency band used by the third preamble symbol and the third FC symbol is smaller than the available frequency band. The third payload symbol carries the data to be sent to the third node. In this way, the small-bandwidth preamble symbol ensures that a sufficient number of nodes in the network can detect the transmitted signal, supporting the mechanism of frequency band competition among nodes in the communication network, avoiding interference caused by communication conflicts between nodes, and ensuring the communication quality of the communication network.

[0029] Another possible implementation involves using the available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information to communicate with the first node. Specifically, this includes transmitting data frames with the first node, where each symbol in the data frame uses the aforementioned available frequency band. The channel estimation results of the preamble symbol can be used to demodulate subsequent symbols.

[0030] Another possible implementation is that the available frequency band information includes: a first subcarrier number and a second subcarrier number, and the available frequency band indicated by the available frequency band information is from the frequency point indicated by the first subcarrier number to the frequency point indicated by the second subcarrier number.

[0031] Another possible implementation is that the communication network described above can be a PLC network.

[0032] Another possible implementation is that the entire frequency band could be from 0.781 MHz to 11.96 MHz.

[0033] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, which can be applied to a first node in a communication network. The first node can be any node in the communication network, and the first node communicates with a second node. The communication device may include: a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, and a processing unit. Wherein:

[0034] The transmitting unit is used to transmit a first data frame including a first TF symbol to the second node. The frequency domain of the first TF symbol covers the entire frequency band of the communication network.

[0035] The receiving unit is used to receive available frequency band information from the second node, which is used to instruct the second node to obtain available frequency bands that meet the conditions by performing channel estimation in the full frequency band of the communication network based on the first TF symbol.

[0036] The processing unit is used to communicate with the second node using the available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information.

[0037] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically used to: send a second data frame to the second node through the sending unit. The second data frame includes a second preamble symbol, a second FC symbol, a second TF symbol, and a second payload symbol in sequence. The second TF symbol and the second payload symbol use a negotiated available frequency band. The frequency band bandwidth used by the second preamble symbol and the second FC symbol is smaller than the available frequency band. The second payload symbol is used to carry the data sent to the second node.

[0038] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically used to: receive a third data frame from the second node via the receiving unit. The third data frame includes a third preamble symbol, a third FC symbol, a third TF symbol, and a third payload symbol in sequence. The third TF symbol and the third payload symbol use available frequency bands, and the frequency band bandwidth used by the third preamble symbol and the third FC symbol is smaller than that of the available frequency bands. The third payload symbol is used to carry data sent from the second node to the first node. Channel estimation is performed using the third preamble symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the third FC symbol. Channel estimation is performed using the third TF symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the third payload symbol.

[0039] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically used to: perform channel estimation using the third TF symbol when the third FC symbol indicates that the third data frame carries the TF symbol, and demodulate the third payload symbol using the channel estimation result.

[0040] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically used to: transmit data frames with the second node, where each symbol in the data frame uses the aforementioned available frequency band. The channel estimation results of the preamble symbol can be used to demodulate subsequent symbols.

[0041] It should be noted that the communication device provided in the third aspect of this application is used to implement the communication method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. Its specific implementation can refer to the specific implementation of the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0042] Fourthly, another communication device is provided, which can be applied to a second node in a communication network. The second node is any node in the communication network that communicates with the first node. This communication device may include: a receiving unit, a processing unit, and a transmitting unit. Wherein:

[0043] The receiving unit is used to receive a first data frame from the first node, which includes a first TF symbol, and the frequency domain of the first TF symbol covers the entire frequency band of the communication network.

[0044] The processing unit is used to perform channel estimation across the entire frequency band using the first TF symbol to obtain the channel estimation result.

[0045] The transmitting unit is used to send available frequency band information to the first node, indicating that the available frequency bands meet the conditions for channel estimation results.

[0046] The processing unit is also used to communicate with the first node using the available frequency band.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically configured to: receive a second data frame from a first node via a receiving unit. The second data frame sequentially includes a second preamble symbol, a second FC symbol, a second TF symbol, and a second payload symbol. The second TF symbol and the second payload symbol use an available frequency band, and the frequency band bandwidth used by the second preamble symbol and the second FC symbol is smaller than the available frequency band. The second payload symbol is used to carry data to be transmitted to the first node. Channel estimation is performed using the second preamble symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the second FC symbol. Channel estimation is performed using the second TF symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the second payload symbol.

[0048] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically used to: perform channel estimation using the second TF symbol when the second FC symbol indicates that the second data frame carries the TF symbol, and demodulate the second payload symbol using the channel estimation result.

[0049] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically used to: send a third data frame to the first node through the sending unit. The third data frame includes a third preamble symbol, a third FC symbol, a third TF symbol, and a third payload symbol in sequence. The third TF symbol and the third payload symbol use the negotiated available frequency band. The frequency band bandwidth used by the third preamble symbol and the third FC symbol is smaller than the available frequency band. The third payload symbol is used to carry the data sent to the third node.

[0050] In another possible implementation, the processing unit is specifically used to: transmit data frames with the first node, where each symbol in the data frame uses the aforementioned available frequency band. The channel estimation results of the preamble symbol can be used to demodulate subsequent symbols.

[0051] It should be noted that the communication device provided in the fourth aspect of this application is used to implement the communication method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect. Its specific implementation can refer to the specific implementation of the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] Fifthly, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the communication device to perform the communication method described in any of the preceding aspects or any possible implementations.

[0053] In a sixth aspect, a chip system is provided, the chip system including a processor and an input / output port, the processor being used to implement the processing functions involved in the communication method described in any of the above aspects or any possible implementations, and the input / output port being used to implement the transmit / receive functions involved in the communication method described in any of the above aspects or any possible implementations.

[0054] In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing program instructions and data for implementing the functions involved in the communication method described in any of the above aspects or any possible implementations.

[0055] This chip system can consist of chips or include chips and other discrete components.

[0056] In a seventh aspect, a communication system is provided, the system comprising a first communication device and a second communication device, the first communication device performing the function of a first node in the above method, and the second communication device performing the function of a second node in the above communication method.

[0057] Eighthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the communication method as described in any of the preceding aspects or any possible implementations.

[0058] Ninthly, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method as described in any of the preceding aspects or any possible implementations.

[0059] Understandably, the beneficial effects that the communication apparatus, chip system, communication system, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product provided in the third to ninth aspects above can be achieved by referring to the beneficial effects in the first or second aspects provided above, or any possible implementation of the first or second aspects, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a PPDU frame format;

[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the channel estimation results between two nodes measured in a PLC field.

[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a PLC network architecture;

[0063] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the air interface resource usage of a CCO and STA transmitting data frames.

[0064] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication network provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a power line communication network provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a data frame structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another data frame structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another data frame structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another data frame structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 12 A comparison diagram of effects provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0075] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between the related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0076] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0077] Furthermore, to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0079] It is understood that the term "embodiment" used throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, various embodiments throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in multiple embodiments. It is understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0080] It is understood that some optional features in the embodiments of this application can be implemented independently in certain scenarios without relying on other features, such as the current solution on which they are based, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects. Alternatively, they can be combined with other features as needed in certain scenarios. Correspondingly, the apparatus given in the embodiments of this application can also implement these features or functions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0081] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referenced. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships. The following descriptions of the embodiments of this application do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0082] Power line communication (PLC) systems, also known as power line carrier communication systems or power line networks, utilize existing power lines to transmit analog or digital signals via carrier waves. PLC technology uses existing low-frequency (50 / 60 Hz) power lines to send broadband data. Compared to other wired communication technologies, such as digital subscriber line (DSL) which uses telephone lines and cable modems (CM) which use coaxial cable lines for cable television, PLC technology can utilize existing power networks without additional wiring, allowing for rapid deployment. Furthermore, the geographical coverage of power lines is far greater than that of other communication carriers.

[0083] Currently, power grid enterprise standards employ power line carrier communication technology, using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, primarily for automatic meter reading (AMR) services. For example, the Control Center (CCO) in a PLC network uses power lines to obtain meter reading data from devices such as electricity meters. PLC networks can employ centralized network management, with the CCO managing media access allocation for devices requiring communication within the PLC network. The distance between the CCO and nodes depends on the scale of the PLC network.

[0084] Figure 1 This illustrates the frame format of the Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) as defined in the Power Line High-Speed ​​Carrier Communication Technical Specification (Power Grid Enterprise Standard). For example... Figure 1 As shown, a PPDU consists of a preamble symbol, an FC symbol, and a payload (PL) symbol. The preamble, FC, and PL symbols use the same frequency band. The preamble is used for gain control, frame synchronization, and channel estimation; the FC symbol defines frame type, device address, and modulation information; and the payload symbol is used to modulate the transmitted payload data.

[0085] The number of various symbols included in the PPDU frame format, according to the definitions in the aforementioned technical specifications, Figure 1 This is for illustrative purposes only and does not constitute a specific limitation.

[0086] The process of channel estimation using a preamble can include: a specific sequence (such as a training sequence or pilot sequence) transmitted in the preamble is designed to have known characteristics, enabling the receiver to estimate the transmission characteristics of the channel. These transmission characteristics can include channel gain, phase shift, noise level, etc. Based on the channel estimation results from the preamble, the receiver can obtain preliminary channel state information. Using this processed channel state information, subsequent symbols can be demodulated to obtain the data within the symbols.

[0087] Because power line communication systems have a wide frequency band, for example, the full frequency band of a power line communication system is from 0.781MHz to 11.96MHz, the communication frequency band is usually selected by the CCO, and the nodes connected to this PLC distribution network can only work on this frequency band.

[0088] For example, the available communication frequency bands defined in the power line high-speed carrier communication technical specification are shown in Table 1 below, including the frequency band and carrier number.

[0089] Table 1

[0090] frequency band Frequency band range (MHz) Carrier start number Carrier cutoff number 0 1.953～11.96 80 490 1 2.441～5.615 100 230 2 0.781～2.930 32 120 3 1.758～2.930 72 120 4 reserve -- --

[0091] As shown in Table 1, this technical specification defines four sets of available communication frequency bands. The CCO can only select one set of communication frequency bands for the distribution network communication based on the PLC channel and interference conditions. The principle for the CCO in selecting frequency bands is to ensure that as many nodes as possible can access the distribution network communication. In practical applications, frequency band 1 (2.441MHz~5.615MHz) and frequency band 2 (0.781MHz~2.930MHz) are frequently used.

[0092] Because power lines are not dedicated lines designed for communication, the communication line environment is harsh, with various impulse noises and interference. Furthermore, the uncertainty of the connected electrical appliances leads to impedance mismatch and multipath effects, severely impacting signal transmission. The available frequency band for each STA node in a PLC network is related to the load or interference. Due to the wide coverage of PLC networks, the distance between nodes and CCOs within a distribution area can be very small or very large. The available frequency bands (bands with good transmission quality) for nodes at different locations within the same network can vary significantly. While fixing all nodes to the same frequency band ensures communication for most nodes, the used frequency band may not match the channel and interference conditions of each node, potentially underutilizing channel resources between some nodes and reducing the overall network communication efficiency.

[0093] The following example illustrates how the current scheme, which fixes all network nodes to the same frequency band, may not fully utilize the channel resources between some nodes, thus reducing the overall network communication efficiency.

[0094] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the channel estimation results between two nodes measured in the field using a PLC. Figure 2 The horizontal axis represents frequency (in gigahertz, GHz), and the vertical axis represents signal-to-noise ratio (in decibels, dB). For example... Figure 2 As shown, in the channel estimation results, the frequency bands with higher signal-to-noise ratios correspond to 0.7–2MHz and 3–4.5MHz, respectively. However, the CCO can only select the 0.781MHz–2.930MHz or 2.441MHz–5.615MHz frequency bands from the standard defined frequency bands, failing to fully utilize these two frequency bands with higher signal-to-noise ratios, wasting available channel spectrum resources, resulting in longer data transmission times for nodes and lower communication efficiency.

[0095] Figure 3 This illustrates an architecture for a PLC network. Combined with... Figure 3 Describe the impact of frequency band selection on communication performance in a PLC network. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the CCO has established communication connections with stations (STA1) and STA2 respectively. The channel estimation results for the channel between CCO and STA1 show a wider available frequency band with a relatively high signal-to-noise ratio (0.7MHz–5.7MHz), while the channel estimation results for the channel between CCO and STA2 show a narrower available frequency band (0.7MHz–3MHz). If the CCO specifies the entire network's available frequency band as 0.781MHz–2.930MHz, then the data frames transmitted between CCO->STA1 and CCO->STA2 can only use the 0.781MHz–2.930MHz frequency band. Figure 4 This illustrates the air interface resource usage of the CCO and STA when sending data frames. For example... Figure 4 As shown in (a), CCO->STA1 and CCO->STA2 send data frames of the same length, occupying the same channel air interface time, t1. Half of the available frequency band resources in the channel estimation results between CCO->STA1 are unused, resulting in wasted resources and a long air interface time for CCO->STA1 to send data frames, leading to low communication efficiency.

[0096] Based on this, this application provides a communication method that sends TF symbols covering the entire frequency band to the counterpart node. This enables the counterpart node to perform channel estimation across the entire frequency band and then select an available frequency band that meets certain conditions for inter-node communication based on the channel estimation results. In this way, as long as the configuration meets the conditions for node communication, the selected frequency band used for inter-node communication is adapted to the channel conditions. Different nodes within the network can select available frequency bands according to their own channel conditions, maximizing the utilization of available frequency bands, avoiding spectrum resource waste, and consequently improving network communication efficiency.

[0097] The communication method provided in this application can be applied to a communication network that includes multiple nodes, and the communication network supports nodes in selecting their operating frequency band.

[0098] For example, the solution provided in this application can be applied to Figure 5 In the illustrated communication network. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the communication network includes a first node device 501 and a second node device 502.

[0099] The first node device 501 and the second node device 502 are communicatively connected. Of course, the first node device 501 and the second node device 502 can be directly communicatively connected, or they can be indirectly communicatively connected through forwarding from other node devices. This embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0100] It should be understood that the first node device 501 and the second node device 502 are Figure 5 The illustrated communication network shows any two node devices with a communication connection, not necessarily all of them. Figure 5 The illustrated communication network includes a limited number of nodes.

[0101] For example, the first node device 501 and the second node device 502, by executing the communication method provided in the following embodiments of this application, determine the available frequency band for communication between them based on the channel estimation results, and then use the available frequency band to transmit data frames.

[0102] In one possible implementation, Figure 5 The illustrated communication network can be a power line communication network. Of course, Figure 5 The illustrated communication network may also be of other types, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0103] For example, Figure 6 This illustrates the architecture of a power line communication network. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the power line communication network includes a Control Center (CCO) and a primary agent CCO (CCO). Figure 6 The diagram shows PCCO1, PCCO2, and secondary agent CCO (PCCO1, PCCO2, and PCCO2). Figure 6The diagram illustrates PCCO3, PCCO4, and leaf nodes. The CCO is the central manager in this power line communication network. Leaf nodes represent the individual end devices. Agent CCOs at each level connect the leaf nodes to the CCO. However, in practice, agent CCOs are optional.

[0104] For example, Figure 5 The first node device 501 shown in the diagram can be Figure 6 The first node in the process can be any node in any level, and the second node device 502 can be... Figure 6 A node that communicates with the first node.

[0105] certainly, Figure 6 The number of levels in the illustrated power line communication network, the number of nodes in each level, and the hierarchical relationship between the nodes at each level can all be configured according to actual needs, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0106] The communication method provided in this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0107] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in this application. This method can be applied to the communication process between a first node and a second node in a communication network. The first node can be... Figure 5 The first node device shown in the diagram is 501, and the second node can be... Figure 5 The second node device 502 is illustrated in the diagram. It should be understood that any two communicating nodes in the communication network can execute the solution provided in this application. The following detailed explanation of the solution provided in this application uses the communication process between the first node and the second node as an example. Here, the first node is any node in the communication network, and the second node is a node in the communication network that communicates with the first node.

[0108] like Figure 7 As shown, the communication method provided in this application embodiment may include the following steps:

[0109] S701, the first node sends a first data frame to the second node. The first data frame includes a first TF symbol, and the frequency domain of the first TF symbol covers the entire frequency band of the communication network.

[0110] The TF symbol carries a training field, which is a sequence known to all communication participants. Therefore, channel estimation can be performed based on the TF symbol to obtain channel state information.

[0111] Specifically, the first data frame is used to instruct the second node to perform channel estimation across the entire frequency band based on the first TF symbol in order to determine the available frequency bands for communication between the two.

[0112] The full frequency band of a communication network is an inherent attribute of the communication network. The starting frequency of the full frequency band of different communication networks is different, which will not be elaborated in the embodiments of this application.

[0113] For example, the communication network described above can be a PLC network. The full frequency band can be from 0.781MHz to 11.96MHz.

[0114] Optionally, the specific structure of the first data frame can be configured according to actual needs. This application provides the following frame structure examples, but they do not constitute specific limitations.

[0115] Frame Structure 1: The first data frame can be a probe frame that does not transmit payload.

[0116] The first data frame using frame structure 1 is a dedicated probe frame. This dedicated probe frame carries a full-band training field symbol after the frame control (FC) symbol, but has no payload symbol.

[0117] For example, Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the frame structure of a first data frame. This first data frame includes a first TF symbol, a first preamble symbol, and a first FC symbol. In the first data frame, the first TF symbol covers the entire frequency band and is transmitted on the forward link (FL). The remaining symbols use the same frequency band (with a bandwidth less than the full frequency band). The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol. The functions of the first preamble symbol and the first FC symbol are as described above. Figure 1 The content is the same. The result of channel estimation using the first preamble symbol is used to demodulate the first FC symbol and the first TF symbol.

[0118] Frame Structure 2: The first data frame is a data frame for transmitting payload. The first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first FC symbol, and a first payload symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and before the first payload symbol.

[0119] The first data frame using frame structure 2 is used not only for full-band channel estimation to select available frequency bands, but also for transmitting payload data. The full-band training field symbol is carried after the FC symbol and before the Payload symbol in the data frame.

[0120] For example, Figure 9 The diagram illustrates the frame structure of a first data frame. This first data frame includes a first TF symbol, a first preamble symbol, a first FC symbol, and a first payload symbol. In the first data frame, the first TF symbol covers the entire frequency band, while the remaining symbols use the same frequency band (with a bandwidth less than the full frequency band). The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and before the first payload symbol. The first payload symbol and the first TF symbol are transmitted in FL (Frequency Field). The functions of the first preamble symbol and the first FC symbol are as described above. Figure 1The content is the same. The result of channel estimation of the first preamble symbol is used to demodulate the first FC symbol, the first TF symbol, and the first payload symbol.

[0121] Frame Structure 3: The first data frame is a data frame for transmitting payload. The first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first FC symbol, and a first payload symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and the first payload symbol.

[0122] The first data frame using frame structure 3 is used not only for full-band channel estimation to select available frequency bands, but also for transmitting payload data. The end of the data frame carries the full-band training field symbol.

[0123] For example, Figure 10 The diagram illustrates the frame structure of a first data frame. This first data frame includes a first TF symbol, a first preamble symbol, a first FC symbol, and a first payload symbol. In the first data frame, the first TF symbol covers the entire frequency band, while the remaining symbols use the same frequency band (with a bandwidth less than the full frequency band). The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and the first payload symbol, i.e., at the end of the data frame. The first payload symbol and the first TF symbol are transmitted in FL (Frequency Linear Transmission). The functions of the first preamble symbol and the first FC symbol are as described above. Figure 1 The content is the same. The result of channel estimation using the first preamble symbol is used to demodulate the first FC symbol, the first payload symbol, and the first TF symbol.

[0124] It should be noted that, Figures 8 to 10 The number of various symbols included in the illustrated frame format, according to the technical specification definition, Figures 8 to 10 This is for illustrative purposes only and does not constitute a specific limitation.

[0125] Furthermore, the first node executes operation S701 at the configured timing for adjusting the communication frequency band. The timing for adjusting the communication frequency band can be configured according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0126] For example, the timing of adjusting the communication frequency band may include the following:

[0127] Timing 1: Periodic time nodes.

[0128] In timing 1, when the current time reaches a periodic time node, the first node executes operation S701. The periodic interval can be configured according to time requirements, but this embodiment does not limit this.

[0129] Timing 2: The data frame packet error rate is greater than or equal to the threshold value.

[0130] In timing 2, the first node monitors the packet error rate during communication with the second node. When the detected data frame packet error rate is greater than or equal to a threshold value, the first node executes operation S701. This threshold value can be configured according to actual needs.

[0131] For example, the timing of adjusting the communication frequency band can be a single timing, or it can be a combination of multiple single timings. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0132] S702, the second node receives the first data frame from the first node.

[0133] The first data frame received by the second node in S702 is the same as the first data frame sent by the first node in S701, which will not be described in detail here.

[0134] S703, the second node uses the first TF symbol to perform channel estimation across the entire frequency band and obtain the channel estimation result.

[0135] Specifically, after receiving the first data frame in S702, the second node parses the first data frame, first parsing the first preamble symbol, and then demodulating the first FC symbol according to the channel estimation result of the first preamble symbol. After the data frame type in the first FC symbol indicates that the first data frame carries a TF symbol, the first TF symbol is obtained and used to perform channel estimation across the entire frequency band to obtain the channel estimation result.

[0136] The data frame type in the first FC symbol also indicates the time-domain location of the first TF symbol. At this time-domain location, the second node parses and obtains the training field carried by the first TF symbol. Since the first TF symbol covers the entire frequency band and the training field is a known sequence, channel estimation for the entire frequency band can be completed, and the channel estimation result can be obtained. The specific process of channel estimation will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0137] For example, the channel estimation result can be the signal-to-noise ratio at various frequency points across the entire frequency band. These frequency points can be the center frequency of the carrier or others.

[0138] S704. The second node sends available frequency band information to the first node. The available frequency band information is used to indicate the available frequency bands that meet the conditions of the channel estimation results.

[0139] Specifically, after the full-band channel estimation is completed in S703 and the full-band channel estimation results are obtained, the second node can determine the available frequency band for communication with the first node based on the channel estimation results. The available frequency band is the frequency band in the full-band whose channel estimation results meet the conditions.

[0140] This condition indicates the criteria for meeting the channel conditions for inter-node communication. The content of this condition can be configured according to actual needs, and this application embodiment does not limit it.

[0141] For example, the channel estimation result is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which can be defined as the percentage of frequency points with an SNR greater than or equal to a first threshold, and greater than or equal to a second threshold. Of course, the values ​​of the first and second thresholds can be configured according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0142] In one possible implementation, the available frequency band information can be a start frequency and a cutoff frequency. The available frequency band is from the start frequency to the cutoff frequency.

[0143] In another possible implementation, the available frequency band information includes: a first subcarrier number and a second subcarrier number, where the first subcarrier is the starting carrier of the determined available frequency band, and the second subcarrier can be the ending carrier of the determined available frequency band. The available frequency band is from the frequency point indicated by the first subcarrier number to the frequency point indicated by the second subcarrier number.

[0144] In one possible implementation, the available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information can be one or more frequency bands.

[0145] S705, The first node receives available frequency band information from the second node.

[0146] The available frequency band information is used to indicate to the second node the available frequency bands that meet the conditions obtained by channel estimation across the entire frequency band based on the first TF symbol. The available frequency band information received by the first node in S705 is the same as the available frequency band information sent by the second node in S704.

[0147] S706. The first node and the second node communicate using the available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information.

[0148] Specifically, S706 includes the first node using the available frequency band indicated by the available frequency band information (hereinafter referred to as the available frequency band, which will not be described in detail) to communicate with the second node, and the second node using the available frequency band to communicate with the first node.

[0149] In one possible implementation, the first node and the second node communicate using the available frequency band, and each symbol in the data frame sent during the communication process uses the available frequency band.

[0150] In another possible implementation, the first node and the second node communicate using the available frequency band. The data frames transmitted during communication include preamble symbols, frame control symbols, and payload symbols, as well as TF symbols used for demodulating the payload symbols. The preamble symbols and frame control symbols use a frequency band with a bandwidth smaller than the available frequency band, while the TF symbols and payload symbols use the available frequency band.

[0151] For example, Figure 11 This illustrates the frame structure of the data frames transmitted between the first and second nodes in S706. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the TF and PL symbols following the FC symbol use the frequency band negotiated by the nodes (i.e., the available frequency band), while the preamble and FC symbols use a small bandwidth frequency (this small bandwidth frequency is a part of the aforementioned available frequency bands and can be selected according to actual needs). Figure 11 In the illustrated data frame structure, the channel estimation results of the preamble symbol are only used for demodulation of the FC symbol. Figure 11 The different symbols shown use different frequency band frame structures, which are defined as variable frequency band data frames.

[0152] It should be noted that, Figure 11 The number of various symbols included in the illustrated frame format, according to the technical specification definition, Figure 11 This is for illustrative purposes only and does not constitute a specific limitation.

[0153] Upon receiving a data frame, the node can determine whether the current data frame is a variable-band data frame based on a specific field in the FC symbol. This specific field indicates the data frame type. If the specific field indicates that the current data frame is not a variable-band data frame, i.e., a regular data frame, the channel estimation result of the preamble symbol is directly used to demodulate subsequent symbols in the data frame, including the PL symbol. If the specific field indicates that the current data frame is a variable-band data frame, the channel estimation for the specified frequency band (the frequency band covered by the TF symbol) is performed using the TF symbol in the data frame, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate subsequent PL symbols.

[0154] For example, the process of the first node sending a data frame to the second node in S706 may include the following steps 1 to 4:

[0155] Step 1: The first node sends the second data frame to the second node.

[0156] The second data frame sequentially includes a second preamble symbol, a second FC symbol, a second TF symbol, and a second payload symbol. The second TF symbol and the second payload symbol use a negotiated available frequency band, while the frequency band bandwidth used by the second preamble symbol and the second FC symbol is smaller than that available frequency band. The second payload symbol is used to carry data transmitted to the second node. In other words, the second data frame is a variable frequency band data frame.

[0157] Step 2: The second node receives the second data frame from the first node.

[0158] The second node parses the second data frame. If the data frame type field of the second FC symbol indicates that the symbol frequency bands in the second data frame are different, steps 3 and 4 are executed.

[0159] Step 3: The second node uses the second preamble symbol to perform channel estimation and uses the channel estimation result to demodulate the second FC symbol.

[0160] Step 4: The second node uses the second TF symbol to perform channel estimation and uses the channel estimation result to demodulate the second payload symbol.

[0161] For example, the process of the second node sending a data frame to the first node in S706 may include the following steps a to d:

[0162] Step a: The second node sends the third data frame to the first node.

[0163] The third data frame sequentially includes a third preamble symbol, a third FC symbol, a third TF symbol, and a third payload symbol. The third TF symbol and the third payload symbol use a negotiated available frequency band, while the frequency band bandwidth used by the third preamble symbol and the third FC symbol is smaller than that available frequency band. The third payload symbol is used to carry data transmitted to the first node. In other words, the third data frame is a variable frequency band data frame.

[0164] Step b: The first node receives the third data frame from the second node.

[0165] The first node parses the third data frame. If the data frame type field of the third FC symbol indicates that the symbol frequency band in the third data frame is different, steps c and d are executed.

[0166] Step c: The first node uses the third preamble symbol to perform channel estimation and uses the channel estimation result to demodulate the third FC symbol;

[0167] Step d: The first node uses the third TF symbol to perform channel estimation and uses the channel estimation result to demodulate the third payload symbol.

[0168] Furthermore, the aforementioned content in S706 describes communication between the first node and the second node using the available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information, including two cases: all symbols in the data frame use the available frequency bands, and TF symbols and payload symbols use the available frequency bands. Both of these cases are described in subsequent sections as communication using the available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information.

[0169] In one implementation, if the available frequency band information indicates only one available frequency band, the first node and the second node communicate using that single available frequency band. If the available frequency band information indicates multiple available frequency bands, the first node and the second node communicate using some or all of the multiple available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information.

[0170] In one possible implementation, when the available frequency band information indicates multiple available frequency bands, the first node and the second node communicate using the multiple available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information. That is, all symbols of the transmitted data frame, or the TF symbols and payload symbols in the data frame, are located in the frequency domain within the multiple available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information.

[0171] In one possible implementation, when the available frequency band information indicates multiple available frequency bands, the first node and the second node communicate using one or more target available frequency bands selected by a communication strategy from among the multiple available frequency bands indicated by the available frequency band information. That is, all symbols of the transmitted data frame, or the TF symbols and payload symbols in the data frame, are located in the target available frequency band in the frequency domain.

[0172] For example, the communication strategy described above could be: selecting a target available frequency band based on the load situation between nodes. Alternatively, the communication strategy could also be: selecting a target available frequency band based on frequency band usage. Or other strategies.

[0173] The scheme provided in this application sends TF symbols covering the entire frequency band to the counterpart node, enabling the counterpart node to perform channel estimation across the entire frequency band and select an available frequency band that meets the channel conditions for inter-node communication. In this way, as long as the configuration meets the conditions for node communication, the selected frequency band for inter-node communication is adapted to the channel conditions. Different nodes within the network can select available frequency bands according to their own channel conditions, maximizing the utilization of available frequency bands, avoiding spectrum waste, and consequently improving network communication efficiency.

[0174] Combination Figure 4 As can be seen, the proposed solution has significant advantages. (As mentioned above...) Figure 4 In the example, if STAs select the frequency band for communication based on their respective channel conditions, CCO->STA1 selects a frequency band of 0.7MHz to 5.7MHz, and CCO->STA2 selects a frequency band of 0.7MHz to 3MHz, as shown... Figure 4 As shown in (b), CCO->STA1 and CCO->STA2 send data frames of the same length. However, because the bandwidth used by CCO->STA1 doubles (from 0.781MHz~2.930MHz to 0.7MHz~5.7MHz), compared to… Figure 4In (a), the channel air interface time occupied by CCO->STA1 to send data frames is reduced by half to t2, and the overall communication efficiency can be improved by 25%.

[0175] Figure 12 This is a comparison diagram of the effects of the proposed solution. Assuming all nodes in the network operate in the selected frequency band of 0.781MHz to 2.930MHz (corresponding to subcarrier numbers 32 to 120), the first communicating node sends a channel probe frame to the second node. The training field symbols in the channel probe frame have a frequency band of 0.781MHz to 11.96MHz (corresponding to subcarrier numbers 32 to 490). The second node performs channel estimation based on the full-band TF symbols, calculates the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each subcarrier within the full-band bandwidth, and determines the usable frequency band range for communication between the two nodes based on the carrier SNR threshold. Figure 12 From the minimum carrier number fmin to the maximum carrier number fmax. Figure 12 It is clear that the communication frequency bands of these two nodes have been widened, the air interface occupancy time is shortened when sending the same data, and the communication efficiency has been improved.

[0176] The foregoing mainly describes the solution provided in this application. Accordingly, this application also provides a communication device for implementing various functions of the first node or the second node in the above method embodiments.

[0177] In some embodiments, the communication device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function in order to achieve the above-described functions. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0178] This application embodiment can divide the communication device into functional modules according to the above method embodiment. For example, each function can be divided into a separate functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0179] On one hand, embodiments of this application provide a communication device 130, which is used to implement the function of the first node in the above method embodiments. For example... Figure 13As shown, the communication device 130 may include a transmitting unit 1301, a receiving unit 1302, and a processing unit 1303.

[0180] The sending unit 1301 is used to perform... Figure 7 The illustrated method shows the operation of S701. The receiving unit 1302 is used to execute... Figure 7 The illustrated method shows the operation of S705. Processing unit 1303 is used to execute... Figure 7 The operation of S706 is illustrated in the method.

[0181] On the other hand, this application embodiment provides another communication device 140, which is used to implement the function of the second node in the above method embodiment. For example... Figure 14 As shown, the communication device 140 may include a receiving unit 1401, a processing unit 1402, and a transmitting unit 1403.

[0182] The receiving unit 1401 is used to perform... Figure 7 The illustrated method shows the operation of S702. Processing unit 1402 is used to execute... Figure 7 The illustrated method shows the operation of S703 or S706. The transmitting unit 1403 is used to perform... Figure 7 The operation of S704 is illustrated in the method.

[0183] In another aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication system, which includes a communication device 130 and a communication device 140.

[0184] Furthermore, embodiments of this application provide a communication device 150, which can be a chip or other form. This communication device 150 can be used to perform the above-described... Figure 7 Any operation in the illustrated method.

[0185] like Figure 15 As shown, the communication device 150 provided in this application embodiment may include a processor 1501, a bus 1502, a communication interface 1503, and a memory 1504. The processor 1501, the memory 1504, and the communication interface 1503 communicate with each other via the bus 1502. It should be understood that this application does not limit the number of processors and memories in the communication device 150.

[0186] Bus 1502 can be a PCI bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or a UB bus, etc. Buses can be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 15The bus 1502 may be represented by a single line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. The bus 1502 may include a path for transmitting information between various components of the communication device 150 (e.g., memory 1504, processor 1501, communication interface 1503).

[0187] Processor 1501 may include any one or more processors such as CPU, graphics processing unit (GPU), microprocessor (MP), or digital signal processor (DSP).

[0188] Memory 1504 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM). Processor 1501 may also include non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, hard disk drive (HDD), or solid state drive (SSD).

[0189] The communication interface 1503 uses transceiver modules such as, but not limited to, network interface cards and transceivers to enable communication between the communication device 150 and other devices or communication networks.

[0190] The memory 1504 stores executable program code, which the processor 1501 executes to implement the functions of the first node or the second node in the aforementioned method embodiments. That is, the memory 1504 stores instructions for executing the aforementioned communication method.

[0191] As another embodiment of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which instructions are stored, which, when executed, perform the operation steps of the method in the above-described method embodiment.

[0192] As another form of this embodiment, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method operation steps in the above method embodiment.

[0193] The method steps in this embodiment can be implemented in hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Alternatively, the ASIC can reside in a computing device. Of course, the processor and storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the computing device.

[0194] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are performed entirely or partially. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disc (DVD); or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive (SSD). The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method, applied to a first node in a communication network, includes: Send a first data frame to the second node. The first data frame includes a first training field TF symbol, and the frequency domain of the first TF symbol covers the entire frequency band of the communication network. The system receives available frequency band information from the second node, which is used to indicate to the second node the available frequency bands that meet the conditions obtained by channel estimation in the full frequency band based on the first TF symbol. Use the available frequency band to communicate with the second node.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first data frame is a probe frame that does not transmit payload. The first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol and a first control frame (FC) symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol. or, The first data frame is a data frame for transmitting payload. The first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first control frame (FC) symbol, and a first payload symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and before the first payload symbol. or, The first data frame is a data frame for transmitting payload. The first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first control frame (FC) symbol, and a first payload symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and the first payload symbol.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The conditions include: The percentage of frequency points with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than or equal to the first threshold, and greater than or equal to the second threshold.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The use of the available frequency band to communicate with the second node includes: A second data frame is sent to the second node. The second data frame includes a second preamble symbol, a second FC symbol, a second TF symbol, and a second payload symbol in sequence. The second TF symbol and the second payload symbol use the available frequency band. The frequency band bandwidth used by the second preamble symbol and the second FC symbol is smaller than the available frequency band. The second payload symbol is used to carry the data sent to the second node.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The use of the available frequency band to communicate with the second node includes: The third data frame received from the second node includes a third preamble symbol, a third FC symbol, a third TF symbol, and a third payload symbol in sequence. The third TF symbol and the third payload symbol use the available frequency band. The frequency band bandwidth used by the third preamble symbol and the third FC symbol is smaller than that of the available frequency band. The third payload symbol is used to carry data sent by the second node to the first node. Channel estimation is performed using the third preamble symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the third FC symbol. Channel estimation is performed using the third TF symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the third payload symbol.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The step of using the third TF symbol for channel estimation and using the channel estimation result to demodulate the third payload symbol includes: When the data frame type field of the third FC symbol indicates that the symbol frequency bands in the third data frame are different, the third TF symbol is used for channel estimation, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the third payload symbol.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The available frequency band information includes: a first subcarrier number and a second subcarrier number, and the available frequency band is the frequency point indicated by the first subcarrier number to the frequency point indicated by the second subcarrier number.

8. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method, applied to a second node in a communication network, includes: Receive a first data frame from a first node, the first data frame including a first training field TF symbol, the first TF symbol frequency domain covering the entire frequency band of the communication network; Using the first TF symbol, channel estimation is performed across the entire frequency band to obtain the channel estimation result; Send available frequency band information to the first node, wherein the available frequency band information is used to indicate available frequency bands that meet the conditions of the channel estimation results; Use the available frequency band to communicate with the first node.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first data frame is a probe frame that does not transmit payload. The first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol and a first control frame (FC) symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol. or, The first data frame is a data frame for transmitting payload. The first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first control frame (FC) symbol, and a first payload symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and before the first payload symbol. or, The first data frame is a data frame for transmitting payload. The first data frame also includes a first preamble symbol, a first control frame (FC) symbol, and a first payload symbol. The first TF symbol is located after the first FC symbol and the first payload symbol.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The conditions include: The percentage of frequency points with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than or equal to the first threshold, and greater than or equal to the second threshold.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that, The use of the available frequency band to communicate with the first node includes: The second data frame is received from the first node. The second data frame includes a second preamble symbol, a second FC symbol, a second TF symbol, and a second payload symbol in sequence. The second TF symbol and the second payload symbol use the available frequency band. The frequency band bandwidth used by the second preamble symbol and the second FC symbol is smaller than the available frequency band. The second payload symbol is used to carry data sent from the first node to the second node. Channel estimation is performed using the second preamble symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the second FC symbol. Channel estimation is performed using the second TF symbol, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the second payload symbol.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The step of using the second TF symbol for channel estimation and using the channel estimation result to demodulate the second payload symbol includes: When the data frame type field of the second FC symbol indicates that the symbol frequency bands in the second data frame are different, the second TF symbol is used for channel estimation, and the channel estimation result is used to demodulate the second payload symbol.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8-12, characterized in that, The use of the available frequency band to communicate with the first node includes: A third data frame is sent to the first node. The third data frame includes a third preamble symbol, a third FC symbol, a third TF symbol, and a third payload symbol in sequence. The third TF symbol and the third payload symbol use the available frequency band. The frequency band bandwidth used by the third preamble symbol and the third FC symbol is smaller than that of the available frequency band. The third payload symbol is used to carry data sent to the first node.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8-13, characterized in that, The available frequency band information includes: a first subcarrier number and a second subcarrier number, and the available frequency band is the frequency point indicated by the first subcarrier number to the frequency point indicated by the second subcarrier number.

15. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the communication device to perform the operation of the method according to any one of claims 1-14.

16. A communication system, characterized by It includes a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device performs the operation of the method according to any one of claims 1-7, and the second communication device performs the operation of the method according to any one of claims 8-14.

17. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions; when the instructions are executed on the communication device, the communication device performs the operation steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-14.

18. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product includes a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the operational steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-14.

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