Port protection module, apparatus and system

Abstract

The application relates to a port protection module, device and system. The port protection module comprises a voltage control circuit and a switch control circuit, the voltage control circuit is connected with the switch control circuit, the voltage control circuit is used for connecting a charging component to provide a control voltage for the switch control circuit, and the switch control circuit is used for connecting a load to be charged. The port protection module achieves the comprehensive protection purpose due to simple modular processing and reasonable layout.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit protection technology, and in particular to a port protection module, device, and system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy and its derivative fields, power supply is an essential component in the development and use of electronic devices or products, and frequent power on / off cycles are unavoidable. During these frequent connections and disconnections, charging safety or other issues inevitably arise. For example, mistakenly reversing the positive and negative terminals of a battery or continuing to charge after it is fully charged can lead to resource waste. If the circuit lacks sufficient protection, it can burn out downstream circuits or the power supply itself, or even both the power supply and downstream circuits may burn out simultaneously, resulting in wasted components and time, increased development and usage costs, and sometimes even safety hazards.

[0003] Port protection involves adding a module between the output of the charging component and the load to be charged, so that it can provide charging protection when the load is charging. However, existing port protection modules have the problem of incomplete protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a comprehensive port protection module.

[0005] Specifically, a port protection module is provided, including: a voltage control circuit and a switch control circuit, wherein the voltage control circuit is connected to the switch control circuit, the voltage control circuit is used to connect to a charging component and provide a control voltage to the switch control circuit; the switch control circuit is used to connect to the load to be charged.

[0006] In some embodiments, the switch control circuit includes: a first diode, a first capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a transistor, and an electronic control device. The anode of the first diode is connected to a voltage output terminal, the cathode of the first diode is connected to a first terminal of the first resistor and a first terminal of the first capacitor, the second terminal of the first resistor and the second terminal of the first capacitor are both connected to the collector of the transistor, the emitter of the transistor is connected to a first terminal of the second resistor and a first terminal of the electronic control device, the second terminal of the second resistor and the second terminal of the electronic control device are both connected to ground, and the cathode of the first diode, the first terminal of the first resistor, and the base of the transistor are all connected to the voltage control circuit.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first diode is a rectifier diode IN4007.

[0008] In some embodiments, the transistor is an NPN transistor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the voltage control circuit includes: a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thyristor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first voltage regulator, a second voltage regulator, a third voltage regulator, and a second diode. The first terminal of the third resistor is connected to the switch control circuit. The second terminal of the third resistor is connected to both the switch control circuit and the anode of the thyristor. The control electrode of the thyristor is connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor, the cathode of the second diode, and the first terminal of the second capacitor. The anode of the second diode is connected to the first terminal of the eleventh resistor, the cathode of the second voltage regulator, and the cathode of the third voltage regulator. The cathode of the third voltage regulator is connected to the first terminal of the eleventh resistor. The reference electrode of the third voltage regulator is connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor and the first terminal of the twelfth resistor. The second terminal of the fifth resistor... The first terminal of the first resistor is connected to the anode of the second voltage regulator, the first terminal of the sixth resistor, and the first terminal of the seventh resistor. The second terminal of the seventh resistor and the reference terminal of the second voltage regulator are both connected to the first terminal of the tenth resistor. The second terminal of the tenth resistor is connected to the cathode of the first voltage regulator and the first terminal of the eighth resistor. The second terminal of the eighth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the twelfth resistor. The second terminal of the sixth resistor is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor and the anode of the first voltage regulator. The second terminal of the third capacitor is connected to the reference terminal of the first voltage regulator, the cathode of the first voltage regulator, and the first terminal of the ninth resistor. The second terminals of the ninth resistor and the eleventh resistor are both connected to the voltage input terminal. The first terminal of the third capacitor, the anode of the first voltage regulator, the second terminal of the fifth resistor, the anode of the second voltage regulator, the anode of the third voltage regulator, the second terminal of the second capacitor, the second terminal of the fourth resistor, and the cathode of the thyristor are all connected to ground.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first voltage regulator is a TL431 voltage regulator, and the second and third voltage regulators are TL432 voltage regulators.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second diode is a light-emitting diode.

[0012] In some embodiments, the device further includes a switching component, wherein a first end of the switching component is connected to the voltage control circuit, and a second end of the switching component is connected to the switch control circuit.

[0013] In some embodiments, a port protection device is provided, including the port protection module described above.

[0014] In some embodiments, a port protection system is provided, including the port protection module described above.

[0015] The aforementioned port protection module, with its simple modular design and reasonable layout, achieves comprehensive protection. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a module in one embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The specific circuit structure diagram of the module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0021] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first resistor may be referred to as a second resistor, and similarly, a second resistor may be referred to as a first resistor. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor.

[0022] It is understood that the term "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have electrical signal or data transmission with each other.

[0023] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated feature, whole, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0024] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 The port protection module shown includes a voltage control circuit 100 and a switch control circuit 200. The voltage control circuit 100 is connected to the switch control circuit 200. The voltage control circuit 100 is used to connect to the charging component and provide control voltage to the switch control circuit 200. The switch control circuit 200 is used to connect to the load to be charged.

[0025] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the switch control circuit 200 includes a first diode D1, a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a transistor Q1, and an electronic control device J. The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the voltage output terminal, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1 and the first terminal of the first capacitor C1. The second terminals of the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1 are both connected to the collector of the transistor Q1. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor R2 and the first terminal of the electronic control device J. The second terminals of the second resistor R2 and the second terminal of the electronic control device J are both connected to ground. The cathode of the first diode D1, the first terminal of the first resistor R1, and the base of the transistor Q1 are all connected to the voltage control circuit 100. It can be understood that the aforementioned electronic control device J can be a relay or other equivalent devices.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first diode D1 is a rectifier diode IN4007.

[0027] In some embodiments, the transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor.

[0028] In some embodiments, the voltage control circuit 100 includes: a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thyristor Q2, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a first voltage regulator U1, a second voltage regulator U2, a third voltage regulator U3, and a second diode E1. The first terminal of the third resistor R3 is connected to the switch control circuit 200. The second terminal of resistor R3 is connected to the switch control circuit 200 and the anode of thyristor Q2. The control electrode of thyristor Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4, the cathode of the second diode E1, and the first terminal of the second capacitor C2. The anode of the second diode E1 is connected to the first terminal of the eleventh resistor R11, the cathode of the second voltage regulator U2, and the cathode of the third voltage regulator U3. The cathode of the third voltage regulator U3 is connected to the first terminal of the eleventh resistor R11. The reference terminal of the third voltage regulator U3 is connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5 and the twelfth resistor R4. The first terminal of resistor R12 is connected to the first terminal of the second voltage regulator U2, the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the anode of the second voltage regulator U2, the first terminal of the sixth resistor R6, and the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7. The second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 and the reference terminal of the second voltage regulator U2 are both connected to the first terminal of the tenth resistor R10. The second terminal of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the cathode of the first voltage regulator U1 and the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8. The second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the second terminal of the twelfth resistor R12. The second terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 and the first... The anode of the voltage regulator U1 is connected. The second terminal of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the reference terminal of the first voltage regulator U1, the cathode of the first voltage regulator U1, and the first terminal of the ninth resistor R9. The second terminals of the ninth resistor R9 and the eleventh resistor R11 are both connected to the voltage input terminal. The first terminal of the third capacitor C3, the anode of the first voltage regulator U1, the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5, the anode of the second voltage regulator U2, the anode of the third voltage regulator U3, the second terminal of the second capacitor C2, the second terminal of the fourth resistor R4, and the cathode of the thyristor Q2 are all connected to ground.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, in the aforementioned switch control circuit 200, when the load to be charged is correctly connected, the first diode D1 conducts, the transistor Q1 is energized, and power is supplied through the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1. At this moment, at the instant of power-on, the thyristor Q2 is not conducting, the first capacitor C1 is effectively short-circuited, and the coil of the electronic control device J receives a large current and conducts. When C1 is fully charged, the first capacitor C1 is effectively open-circuited. The current-limiting effect of the first resistor R1 allows the voltage to be maintained at 1 / 3 of the rated voltage when the electronic control device J is closed, thereby achieving energy saving and avoiding the problem of excessive heat generation of the electronic control device J. It can be understood that the aforementioned load to be charged can be a battery to be charged or other loads, and correct connection means correct positive and negative terminal connection. Understandably, to keep the voltage of the electronic control device J at 1 / 3 of its rated voltage, it depends on the selection of the first resistor R1 and the voltage division of the electronic control device J. Taking the charging component input voltage Vi+ as 60V and the rated voltage of the electronic control device J as 12V as an example, the input voltage Vi+ of the charging component minus the voltage drop across the first diode D1 and the transistor Q1 is approximately equal to 58V. According to the principle of resistor voltage division, the voltage drop across the electronic control device J of this 58V is approximately 4V, which is equivalent to 1 / 3 of the rated voltage of the electronic control device J of 12V.

[0030] In some embodiments, the electrical control device J described above may be a relay.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first voltage regulator U1 is a TL431 voltage regulator, and the second voltage regulator U2 and the third voltage regulator U3 are TL432 voltage regulators.

[0032] In some embodiments, the port protection module further includes a switch component K1, the first end of which is connected to the voltage control circuit 100, and the second end of which is connected to the switch control circuit 200.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, when the power supply is on but there is no current, or when the charging component is not energized, the second voltage regulator U2 is turned on, with a conduction voltage of approximately 1.25V. A 2.5V reference voltage source, composed of the ninth resistor R9 and the second voltage regulator U2, provides reference comparison voltages to both the second and third voltage regulator U3. Since there is no voltage in the control circuit of the thyristor Q2, Q2 is not turned on. The voltage divider branch, composed of the eighth resistor R8, the twelfth resistor R12, the fifth resistor R5, and the sixth resistor R6, causes the second voltage regulator U2 to conduct. The third voltage regulator U3 is turned on, with a turn-on voltage of 1.25V. After the charging component is powered on, charging begins. When the trickle charge reaches the stage, the control electrode voltage of the third voltage regulator U3 is less than or equal to 1.25V, which is lower than the turn-on voltage of the third voltage regulator U3. At this time, the third voltage regulator U3 is in an open circuit state. Since there is still trickle charge, the second voltage regulator U2 is not turned on. The control electrode of the thyristor Q2 is energized through the eleventh resistor R11 and the second diode E1. The thyristor Q2 turns on and latches, the charging power supply is disconnected, the second diode E1 turns on and lights up, and charging is complete. Under the above conditions, if a load with opposite polarity is connected to be charged, the charging component will not work because the switch component K1 is already open, thus achieving the purpose of preventing reverse connection of the load to be charged. When the power supply is disconnected, the port protection device returns to its initial working state.

[0034] In summary, as described in the embodiments, the port protection module can prevent reverse connection of the load to be charged in two situations: when charging of the load to be charged begins and when a new load to be charged is reconnected after the load to be charged is fully charged. This achieves the purpose of double or multiple reverse connection protection. When the load to be charged is being charged, the port protection module provides comprehensive protection.

[0035] Understandably, the twelfth resistor R12 is an adjustable resistor. The voltage of the voltage divider branch composed of the eighth resistor R8, the twelfth resistor R12, the fifth resistor R5, and the sixth resistor R6 can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario to adapt to different trickle current values ​​and complete the charging.

[0036] Understandably, taking the charging component as the charger and the load to be charged as the battery as an example, such as... Figure 2 As shown, Vi+ is the output voltage of the charger, and Vo+ is the battery input voltage. When the switch K1 is closed, the voltage at Vi+ is equal to the voltage at Vo+. When no charger power is connected and only the battery to be charged is connected, the voltage at Vo+ is equal to the voltage at Vi+. During the battery charging process, this voltage increases as the battery charging time increases.

[0037] In the above embodiment, the specific selection is as follows: the first resistor R1 has a resistance of 3kΩ-36kΩ, the second resistor R2 has a resistance of 20kΩ, the third resistor R3 and the eighth resistor R8 have a resistance of 10kΩ, the fourth resistor R4 has a resistance of 2kΩ, the fifth resistor R5, the seventh resistor R7, and the tenth resistor R10 have a resistance of 15kΩ, the sixth resistor R6 has a resistance of 20mΩ, the ninth resistor R9 has a resistance of 27kΩ, the eleventh resistor R11 has a resistance of 39kΩ, the first capacitor C1 has a capacitance of ≥100μF, and the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 have capacitances of 0.1μF. It can be understood that, based on the above embodiment and the selection of each component, energy consumption and costs can be reduced while providing comprehensive protection.

[0038] In some embodiments, a port protection device is also provided, including the port protection module described above.

[0039] In some embodiments, a port protection system is also provided, including the port protection module described above.

[0040] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," and "ideal embodiments" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.

[0041] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0042] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A port protection module, characterized in that, include: The system includes a voltage control circuit and a switch control circuit. The voltage control circuit is connected to the switch control circuit. The voltage control circuit is used to connect to the charging component and provide control voltage to the switch control circuit. The switch control circuit is used to connect to the load to be charged.

2. The port protection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch control circuit includes: The circuit comprises a first diode, a first capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a transistor, and an electronic control device. The anode of the first diode is connected to the voltage output terminal. The cathode of the first diode is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor and the first terminal of the first capacitor. The second terminals of the first resistor and the first capacitor are both connected to the collector of the transistor. The emitter of the transistor is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor and the first terminal of the electronic control device. The second terminals of the second resistor and the second terminal of the electronic control device are both connected to ground. The cathode of the first diode, the first terminal of the first resistor, and the base of the transistor are all connected to the voltage control circuit.

3. The port protection module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first diode is a rectifier diode IN4007.

4. The port protection module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transistor is an NPN type transistor.

5. The port protection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage control circuit includes: A third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thyristor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first voltage regulator, a second voltage regulator, a third voltage regulator, and a second diode. The first terminal of the third resistor is connected to the switch control circuit. The second terminal of the third resistor is connected to both the switch control circuit and the anode of the thyristor. The control electrode of the thyristor is connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor, the cathode of the second diode, and the first terminal of the second capacitor. The anode of the second diode is connected to the first terminal of the eleventh resistor, the cathode of the second voltage regulator, and the cathode of the third voltage regulator. The cathode of the third voltage regulator is connected to the first terminal of the eleventh resistor. The reference electrode of the third voltage regulator is connected to the first terminals of the fifth and twelfth resistors. The second terminal of the fifth resistor is connected to the second voltage regulator. The anode of the first resistor, the first terminal of the sixth resistor, and the first terminal of the seventh resistor are connected. The second terminal of the seventh resistor and the reference electrode of the second voltage regulator are both connected to the first terminal of the tenth resistor. The second terminal of the tenth resistor is connected to the cathode of the first voltage regulator and the first terminal of the eighth resistor. The second terminal of the eighth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the twelfth resistor. The second terminal of the sixth resistor is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor and the anode of the first voltage regulator. The second terminal of the third capacitor is connected to the reference electrode of the first voltage regulator, the cathode of the first voltage regulator, and the first terminal of the ninth resistor. The second terminals of the ninth resistor and the eleventh resistor are both connected to the voltage input terminal. The first terminal of the third capacitor, the anode of the first voltage regulator, the second terminal of the fifth resistor, the anode of the second voltage regulator, the anode of the third voltage regulator, the second terminal of the second capacitor, the second terminal of the fourth resistor, and the cathode of the thyristor are all connected to ground.

6. The port protection module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first voltage regulator is a TL431 voltage regulator, and the second and third voltage regulators are TL432 voltage regulators.

7. The port protection module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second diode is a light-emitting diode.

8. The port protection module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A switching component, wherein a first end of the switching component is connected to the voltage control circuit, and a second end of the switching component is connected to the switch control circuit.

9. A port protection device, characterized in that, Includes the port protection module according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A port protection system, characterized in that, It includes a central processing unit and a port protection module as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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