HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electric power communication, in particular to an HPLC communication unit with a high-speed carrier performance monitoring function, which comprises a processor and a memory, and the processor executes the computer program of the memory to realize the following steps: in the process of collecting temperature data of a target device through the HPLC communication unit, a basic command response timeout at the current moment is obtained according to the historical command response time when a temperature collection transaction succeeds before the current moment; the basic command response timeout is adjusted to obtain an adaptive command response timeout according to the carrier performance of a communication link where the HPLC communication unit is located and the temperature abnormality risk of the target device; and the temperature collection transaction at the current moment is completed according to the adaptive command response timeout, so that the accuracy of device temperature early warning by using the HPLC communication unit is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power communication technology, and in particular to an HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the deepening development of the energy internet and the ubiquitous power internet of things, HPLC (High-Speed ​​Power Line Communication) technology, with its high-speed carrier performance monitoring function, serves as a core communication technology for the smart grid's sensing layer. Over 390 million units have been deployed, carrying out critical tasks such as minute-level high-frequency data acquisition, power quality monitoring, and equipment temperature early warning. In the equipment temperature early warning service, the HPLC communication unit sends temperature reading commands to the target energy meter or local communication module according to the acquisition tasks issued by the master station (e.g., every 15 minutes), and analyzes and issues early warnings based on the read temperatures.

[0003] Traditional HPLC communication units typically employ a fixed command response timeout strategy for temperature acquisition. After the master station issues a temperature read command, the HPLC communication unit starts a preset timer (e.g., 5 seconds) to wait for a response. If no response is received within the timeout period, the unit retryes a fixed number of times. After all attempts fail, a failure flag is reported. This algorithm is simple to implement, logically clear, and requires no additional computational overhead, making it suitable for early deployment scenarios with relatively stable channel environments. However, large-scale deployments expose communication links to severe challenges such as time-varying channel noise, multipath fading, and impulse interference. Fixed timeouts cannot detect dynamic changes in channel quality and service urgency. Under strong signals, a 5-second wait far exceeds the actual 1-second response time, resulting in wasted communication resources. Under weak signals, 5 seconds is insufficient to cover the retransmission time, causing potentially successful acquisitions to be prematurely judged as failures. Consequently, abnormal temperature data is missed, thermal fault early warning windows are missed, and acquisition efficiency and proactive power grid maintenance capabilities are severely restricted. Furthermore, when the equipment temperature rises sharply and data acquisition is urgently needed, the algorithm still mechanically waits 5 seconds, delaying the early warning opportunity. When the temperature is stable and the link is poor, no more lenient waiting time is provided to strive for success on the first attempt.

[0004] Therefore, how to utilize the high-speed carrier performance of the HPLC communication unit to adaptively set the command response timeout when acquiring temperature data, in order to improve the accuracy of equipment temperature early warning using the HPLC communication unit, has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function to solve the problem of how to use the high-speed carrier performance of the HPLC communication unit to adaptively set the command response timeout when acquiring temperature data, so as to improve the accuracy of equipment temperature early warning using the HPLC communication unit.

[0006] This invention provides an HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. The processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0007] During the process of acquiring temperature data of the target device through the HPLC communication unit, the historical command response time of the HPLC communication unit when the first preset number of temperature acquisition transactions were successful before the current time is obtained. Based on the distribution characteristics of the historical command response time, the basic command response timeout at the current time is obtained.

[0008] Based on the monitoring data of various preset carrier performance monitoring indicators of the communication link where the HPLC communication unit is located at the completion time of the second preset number of temperature acquisition transactions before the current time, the quality of each temperature acquisition transaction in the first preset time period up to the current time, and the working mode of the HPLC communication unit at the current time, obtain the link quality adjustment factor that adjusts the basic command response timeout based on the real-time communication quality at the current time.

[0009] Based on the equipment type of the target device and the temperature warning status of the target device in the second preset time period up to the current moment, obtain the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor to adjust the basic command response timeout based on the temperature anomaly risk at the current moment;

[0010] The basic command response timeout is adjusted based on the link quality adjustment factor and the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor to obtain the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment. Based on the adaptive command response timeout, the temperature acquisition task at the current moment is completed.

[0011] Preferably, obtaining the basic command response timeout at the current moment based on the distribution characteristics of historical command response times includes:

[0012] Sort all historical command response times in ascending order to obtain a response time sequence, and then obtain the median, ninth quantile, and maximum value of the response time sequence.

[0013] Based on the preset weights corresponding to the median, ninth quantile, and maximum value, the median, ninth quantile, and maximum value are weighted and summed to obtain the basic command response timeout at the current moment.

[0014] Preferably, the preset carrier performance monitoring indicators include signal-to-noise ratio and received signal strength. Therefore, the acquisition of the link quality adjustment factor for adjusting the basic command response timeout based on the real-time communication quality at the current moment includes:

[0015] The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and received signal strength of the communication link at the completion times of the second preset number of temperature acquisition transactions closest to the current time are obtained. The mean values ​​of all SNR and all received signal strength are calculated to obtain the average SNR and average received signal strength. The ideal SNR and ideal received signal strength of the communication link are obtained. The proportion of the difference between the ideal SNR and the average SNR in the ideal SNR is normalized to obtain the first signal degradation degree. The proportion of the difference between the ideal received signal strength and the average received signal strength in the ideal received signal strength is normalized to obtain the second signal degradation degree. The maximum value between the first signal degradation degree and the second signal degradation degree is selected to obtain the first communication quality factor.

[0016] The second communication quality factor is obtained based on the quality of each temperature acquisition transaction within the preset time period up to the current moment;

[0017] Obtain the working mode factor corresponding to the working mode of the HPLC communication unit at the current moment, and normalize the sum of the first communication quality factor, the second communication quality factor and the working mode factor to obtain the link quality adjustment factor.

[0018] Preferably, obtaining the second communication quality factor based on the quality of each temperature acquisition transaction within a preset time period up to the current moment includes:

[0019] In the third preset number of temperature acquisition transactions closest to the current time, the number of temperature acquisition transactions that successfully acquired temperature data without relying on retransmission is obtained and denoted as the first number. The negative of the first number is used as the independent variable of the natural exponential function to obtain the retransmission dependency.

[0020] In all temperature acquisition transactions within the preset time period, the number of transactions with the maximum consecutive temperature acquisition transaction failure is obtained, and the percentage of the number of transactions with the maximum consecutive temperature acquisition transaction failure in the total number of temperature acquisition transactions within the preset time period is calculated to obtain the run risk level.

[0021] The second communication quality factor is obtained by calculating the product between the retransmission dependency and the run-length risk.

[0022] Preferably, the acquisition of the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor, which adjusts the basic command response timeout based on the current temperature anomaly risk, includes:

[0023] Obtain the temperature warning threshold of the target device, and based on the difference between the temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction and the temperature warning threshold, as well as the device type of the target device, obtain the first risk urgency level;

[0024] The second risk urgency level is determined based on the rate of temperature change from the temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction.

[0025] Based on the temperature warning status of the target device during the second preset time period, the third risk urgency level is obtained;

[0026] The sum of the first risk urgency level, the second risk urgency level, and the third risk urgency level is normalized to obtain the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor.

[0027] Preferably, the step of obtaining the first risk urgency level based on the difference between the temperature data from the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction and the temperature warning threshold, and the device type of the target device, includes:

[0028] The temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction is obtained. The proportion of the temperature data in the temperature warning threshold is calculated to obtain the temperature load value at the current time. A preset temperature load risk range and a preset temperature load safety threshold are obtained. The width of the preset temperature load risk range is used as the denominator, and the difference between the temperature load value and the preset temperature load safety threshold is used as the numerator to obtain the temperature risk index. The temperature risk index is used as the independent variable of the hyperbolic tangent function to obtain the function value. The maximum value between the constant 0 and the function value is selected as the degree of temperature anomaly risk at the current time.

[0029] Based on the equipment type of the target equipment, the preset importance level of the target equipment is obtained, and the product between the temperature anomaly risk level and the preset importance level is calculated to obtain the first risk urgency level.

[0030] Preferably, the step of obtaining the second risk urgency level based on the temperature change rate of the temperature data from the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction includes:

[0031] Obtain the temperature data from the time when the most recent temperature acquisition transaction was successfully completed, denoted as historical temperature data. Subtract the historical temperature data from the temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction as the numerator, and use the time interval between the time corresponding to the temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction and the time corresponding to the historical temperature data as the denominator to obtain the temperature change rate. Select the maximum value between the constant 0 and the temperature change rate, and normalize the maximum value to obtain the second risk urgency level.

[0032] Preferably, the step of obtaining the third risk urgency level based on the temperature warning status of the target device during the second preset time period includes:

[0033] In the target device's operation log, the number of temperature data points of the target device that are greater than or equal to the temperature warning threshold within the second preset time period is obtained and recorded as the second quantity. The proportion of the second quantity in the total number of temperature acquisition transactions within the preset time period is calculated to obtain the third risk urgency level.

[0034] Preferably, the step of adjusting the basic command response timeout based on the link quality adjustment factor and the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor to obtain the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment includes:

[0035] The sum of constant 1 and link quality adjustment factor is calculated to obtain the first adjustment coefficient. The temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor is subtracted from constant 1 to obtain the second adjustment coefficient. The product of the basic command response timeout, the first adjustment coefficient, and the second adjustment coefficient is calculated to obtain the initial adjustment response timeout.

[0036] Obtain the preset command response timeout upper limit and the preset command response timeout lower limit, select the minimum value between the initial adjusted response timeout and the preset command response timeout upper limit, and select the maximum value between the minimum value and the preset command response timeout lower limit to obtain the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0038] This invention first obtains the basic command response timeout for the current moment based on the historical command response times of successful temperature acquisition transactions prior to the current moment. Then, based on the carrier performance of the communication link in which the HPLC communication unit is located, and the risk of temperature anomalies in the target device, it obtains a link quality adjustment factor and a temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor to adjust the basic command response timeout. The basic command response timeout is then dynamically adjusted based on these factors to obtain an adaptive command response timeout, enabling the timeout to simultaneously perceive environmental changes and assess service value. Finally, the temperature acquisition transaction for the current moment is completed based on the adaptive command response timeout. This achieves the intelligent scheduling goal of reasonably extending the waiting time under weak signals to improve the acquisition success rate, shortening the waiting time under strong signals to improve channel utilization, accelerating the response to shorten the warning delay during temperature anomalies, and appropriately relaxing the waiting time when the temperature is stable to strive for a successful acquisition in one attempt. This ensures that the waiting time for each temperature acquisition perfectly matches the current optimal communication strategy, fundamentally improving the link reliability and service timeliness of the HPLC communication unit in temperature acquisition scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an implementation method for an HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below, with examples of these embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting it.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this disclosure described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure.

[0043] To illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below.

[0044] See Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an implementation method for an HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method may include:

[0045] Step S101: During the process of acquiring temperature data of the target device through the HPLC communication unit, the historical command response time of the HPLC communication unit when the first preset number of temperature acquisition transactions were successful before the current time is obtained, and the basic command response timeout at the current time is obtained based on the distribution characteristics of the historical command response time.

[0046] In the process of acquiring temperature data of target equipment through an HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function, traditional HPLC communication units typically employ a fixed command response timeout strategy. After sending a temperature read command to the target energy meter or local communication module according to the acquisition task issued by the master station (e.g., every 15 minutes), the HPLC communication unit starts a preset timer (e.g., 5 seconds) to wait for a response. If no response is received within the timeout period, the unit retryes a fixed number of times. After all attempts fail, a acquisition failure flag is reported. However, because this strategy cannot adapt to dynamic changes in communication link quality and real-time differences in service urgency, it may lead to frequent failures under weak signals and wasted communication resources under strong signals, severely restricting the thermal fault early warning capability of power grid equipment. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the high-speed carrier performance monitoring function of the HPLC communication unit is utilized, combined with the task urgency of the target equipment, to adaptively adjust the command response timeout. This ensures that the waiting time for each temperature acquisition precisely matches the current optimal communication strategy: extending the timeout when the link quality is poor to avoid missed temperature data due to an excessively short fixed timeout; and shortening the timeout when the link quality is good to release communication resources and improve communication resource utilization.

[0047] First, based on the command response time of successful historical temperature acquisition transactions (a temperature acquisition transaction represents the entire process from issuing the acquisition task command to requesting completion; regardless of whether the data acquisition is ultimately deemed successful or timed out, it is considered a request completion; the command response time refers to the time elapsed from issuing the task command to requesting completion, i.e., the time elapsed for one temperature acquisition transaction), the basic command response timeout is obtained to provide a stable anchor point for adaptive adjustment. Specifically:

[0048] During the process of acquiring temperature data of the target device through the HPLC communication unit, the system maintains a sliding window of length L, denoted as the historical successful response time window, which stores the command response time of the most recent L successful temperature acquisition transactions. In this embodiment of the invention, it is assumed that temperature data is acquired every 15 minutes. To ensure statistical significance, L=20 is set, that is, the analysis is performed based on the successful temperature acquisition transactions within the last 5 hours before the current time. There is no limitation here, and the implementer can set it according to the specific temperature data acquisition frequency.

[0049] The command response time of the HPLC communication unit when the temperature acquisition transactions were successful 20 times (i.e., the first preset number) before the current time is obtained and recorded as the historical command response time. All historical command response times are sorted in ascending order to obtain the response time series. The median, ninth quantile and maximum value of the response time series are obtained respectively to reflect the typical waiting requirements under normal conditions, while covering the tolerance boundary under poor conditions and reserving a safety margin for extreme cases.

[0050] Based on the preset weights corresponding to the median, ninth quantile, and maximum value, the median, ninth quantile, and maximum value are weighted and summed to obtain the basic command response timeout at the current moment.

[0051] In one implementation, the formula for calculating the basic command response timeout at the current moment is:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, This indicates that the basic command response has timed out at the current moment. This represents the median (i.e., the fifth quantile) of the response time series. This indicates the preset weight corresponding to the median. This represents the ninth quantile of the response time series. This represents the preset weight corresponding to the ninth quantile. This represents the maximum value of the response time series. This indicates the preset weight corresponding to the maximum value.

[0054] It should be noted that, It represents the time required for half of the data to be successfully collected, reflecting the "general waiting time" under normal link conditions. It is not sensitive to sudden delays and has good stability. It can capture additional delays caused by channel noise, retransmissions, or low-rate patterns; To provide a protection boundary for worst-case scenarios, since temperature acquisition needs to balance conventional efficiency with tolerance under weak signal conditions, in this embodiment of the invention, for and Assign a higher and equal weight of 0.4 to Assigning a lower weight of 0.2 avoids excessive response time inflation due to isolated extreme values, while still retaining a buffering effect; that is, setting... , There are no restrictions here; implementers can set them according to the specific scenario.

[0055] At this point, the basic command response timeout for the current moment is obtained. It is worth noting that if there are fewer than 20 records in the historical successful response time window, that is, if the number of successful temperature acquisition transactions before the current moment is less than 20 (such as during a cold start after power-on), a fixed command response timeout will be used until 20 successful temperature acquisition transactions are completed.

[0056] Step S102: Based on the monitoring data of various preset carrier performance monitoring indicators at the completion time of the second preset number of temperature acquisition transactions before the current time, the quality of each temperature acquisition transaction in the first preset time period up to the current time, and the working mode of the HPLC communication unit at the current time, obtain the link quality adjustment factor for adjusting the basic command response timeout based on the real-time communication quality at the current time.

[0057] The basic command response timeout reflects the past link status, but the channel may deteriorate due to sudden interference at the current moment. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the basic command response timeout based on the carrier performance of the HPLC communication unit to obtain the link quality adjustment factor. This factor is used to comprehensively evaluate whether the current link status can support a successful acquisition in one attempt, and provides a physical layer basis for whether the basic command response timeout can wait. When the carrier performance deteriorates, the timeout needs to be appropriately extended to improve the success rate of temperature data acquisition and prevent the underreporting of abnormal temperature data.

[0058] The specific method for obtaining the link quality adjustment factor is as follows:

[0059] Considering that signal-to-noise ratio and received signal strength are the most direct performance indicators reflecting link quality, signal-to-noise ratio and received signal strength are used as preset carrier performance monitoring indicators.

[0060] Because link quality changes rapidly and exhibits strong randomness and time-varying characteristics, historical quality data too far removed from the current moment is not valuable for analysis. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and received signal strength of the communication link where the HPLC communication unit is located are obtained at the five most recent temperature acquisition transaction completion times (regardless of success or failure) for short-term quality assessment. Specifically, a second preset quantity is set to five, which is not limited here; the implementer can set it according to the rate of change of channel quality. If the rate of change of channel quality is rapid, the second preset quantity can be appropriately reduced. The average SNR and the mean of all received signal strengths are calculated to obtain the average SNR and mean. The average received signal strength is calculated by obtaining the ideal signal-to-noise ratio (typically 20dB) and the ideal received signal strength (typically -70dBm) of the communication link. The proportion of the difference between the ideal signal-to-noise ratio and the average received signal-to-noise ratio in the ideal signal-to-noise ratio is normalized to obtain a first signal degradation degree. The proportion of the difference between the ideal received signal strength and the average received signal strength in the ideal received signal strength is normalized to obtain a second signal degradation degree. The maximum value between the first signal degradation degree and the second signal degradation degree is selected to obtain a first communication quality factor, which reflects the carrier performance of the HPLC communication unit at the current moment.

[0061] In the 10 temperature acquisition transactions most recent to the current time (the 10 temperature acquisition transactions do not distinguish between success and failure. Since data that is too far from the current time is not of reference value, this setting can be adjusted according to the specific temperature data acquisition frequency. When the temperature data acquisition frequency is high, it can be appropriately increased), the number of temperature acquisition transactions that successfully acquired temperature data without relying on retransmission is obtained and denoted as the first number. The negative of the first number is used as the independent variable of the natural exponential function to obtain the retransmission dependency.

[0062] Within one hour up to the current time (i.e., the first preset time period is set to one hour, which is not limited here; implementers can set it according to the specific temperature data collection frequency. When the temperature data collection frequency is high, the duration can be appropriately reduced), obtain the number of transactions with the maximum consecutive temperature collection transaction failure, calculate the proportion of the number of transactions with the maximum consecutive temperature collection transaction failure in the total number of temperature collection transactions within one hour, and obtain the run risk level.

[0063] The product of the retransmission dependency and the run-length risk is calculated to obtain a second communication quality factor, which is used to reflect the quality of temperature acquisition transactions.

[0064] Because the HPLC communication unit has different operating modes, such as HPLC single-mode, HRF single-mode (high-speed wireless communication, a low-power wireless communication method based on OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology, using radio waves to transmit data), and dual-transmit / dual-receive, the expected response time varies significantly among these modes: the HPLC single-mode channel is relatively stable, but is affected by power line noise, signal attenuation, and routing relay hops, resulting in a lower expected response time; the HRF single-mode has a moderate expected response time; and the dual-transmit / dual-receive mode, due to the potential introduction of contention or switching overhead caused by dual-mode collaboration, has a higher expected response time. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, HRF single-mode is used as the preferred mode. The baseline is set to 1.0 for the HRF single-mode operating mode factor, and 0.2 for the HPLC single-mode operating mode factor (0.8). The baseline is also set to 1.2 for the dual-transmitter / dual-receiver operating mode factor (0.2). No restrictions are imposed here; implementers can set these parameters according to specific scenarios. The operating mode factor corresponding to the current operating mode of the HPLC communication unit is obtained. The sum of the first communication quality factor, the second communication quality factor, and the operating mode factor is normalized to obtain the link quality adjustment factor.

[0065] In one embodiment, the formula for calculating the link quality adjustment factor is:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, B represents the link quality adjustment factor. This represents the ideal signal-to-noise ratio. This represents the average signal-to-noise ratio at the completion times of the five most recent temperature acquisition transactions. Indicates the ideal received signal strength. This represents the average received signal strength at the time the five most recent temperature acquisition transactions were completed. This represents the number of temperature acquisition transactions that successfully acquired temperature data without retransmission in the 10 most recent temperature acquisition transactions. This indicates the number of transactions that failed to acquire the maximum continuous temperature data. This represents the number of temperature acquisition transactions within one hour (in this embodiment of the invention, a temperature acquisition transaction occurs every 15 minutes, so...). M represents the operating mode factor corresponding to the current operating mode of the HPLC communication unit. Represents the normalization function. This represents the natural exponential function. This represents the maximum value function.

[0068] It should be noted that, The larger B is, the weaker the signal-to-noise ratio and the stronger the received signal are compared to normal levels. The carrier is severely contaminated by noise, and the signal attenuation is significant. The worse the carrier performance, the more likely the HPLC communication unit has switched to a low-rate modulation mode. The response time needs to be increased. Therefore, the larger B is, the more the basic command response timeout needs to be increased. Indicates the reliability of interactions in the current link. The smaller the value of B, the lower the success rate of the first attempt in the last 10 temperature acquisition transactions. At this time, the link may be in a state of high collision or high error, and a more lenient timeout is required to improve the success rate of temperature data acquisition. Therefore, the larger B is, the more the basic command response timeout needs to be increased. The larger B is, the more consecutive temperature acquisition transactions fail. At this point, the link may have entered a stage of continuous degradation (such as a surge in the load of the transformer area or the failure of the relay node), rather than an occasional interference. In this case, the timeout should be significantly extended to avoid repeated and rapid abandonment. Therefore, the larger B is, the more appropriate it is to increase the basic command response timeout. M represents the expected response time of the current working mode. The larger M is, the more lenient the timeout is needed to improve the success rate of temperature data acquisition. Therefore, the larger B is.

[0069] Thus, the link quality adjustment factor was obtained.

[0070] Step S103: Based on the device type of the target device and the temperature warning status of the target device in the second preset time period up to the current moment, obtain the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor to adjust the basic command response timeout based on the temperature anomaly risk at the current moment.

[0071] The link quality adjustment factor obtained above is based solely on the carrier performance of the communication link and does not consider the service value of temperature data. In actual acquisition scenarios, link quality and service urgency always coexist and are mutually restrictive. If the service value and security risks of temperature data are not considered, and command response timeouts are only adaptively set based on carrier performance, it is very likely that early warning opportunities will be delayed, affecting the safety of power grid equipment. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, by analyzing the service value and security risks of temperature data, a temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor is obtained to adjust the basic command response timeout. This provides a service-level basis for determining whether the basic timeout should be waited for so long. Thus, the basic command response timeout is bidirectionally adjusted based on the link quality adjustment factor and the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor, fundamentally improving the link reliability and service timeliness of the HPLC communication unit in temperature acquisition scenarios.

[0072] The specific method for obtaining the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor is as follows:

[0073] The temperature warning threshold of the target device needs to be obtained. The value needs to be set according to the type of target device. For example, the temperature warning threshold of the MCU of the electricity meter is generally 70°C, the terminal motherboard is 85°C, and the local communication module is 85°C.

[0074] The temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction (assuming time i) is obtained. The proportion of the temperature data in the temperature warning threshold is calculated to obtain the temperature load value at the current time. The preset temperature load risk range and the preset temperature load safety threshold are obtained. The width of the preset temperature load risk range is used as the denominator, and the difference between the temperature load value and the preset temperature load safety threshold is used as the numerator to obtain the temperature risk index. The temperature risk index is used as the independent variable of the hyperbolic tangent function to obtain the function value. The maximum value between the constant 0 and the function value is selected as the degree of temperature anomaly risk at the current time.

[0075] The preset importance level of the target device is obtained based on the device type of the target device. For example, if the terminal motherboard has an abnormal temperature, it may affect the entire data acquisition node and should be given a higher weight. The MCU of the energy meter is next, and the local communication module has the lowest temperature. Therefore, the preset importance level of the terminal motherboard is set to 1.0, the preset importance level of the energy meter MCU is 0.7, and the preset importance level of the local communication module is 0.4. There is no restriction here. The implementer can set it according to the specific scenario. The product between the temperature abnormality risk level and the preset importance level is calculated to obtain the first risk urgency level.

[0076] Obtain the temperature data from the time when the most recent temperature acquisition transaction was successful (assuming it is the temperature data at time i-1), and record it as historical temperature data. Take the difference between the temperature data at the time when the most recent temperature acquisition transaction was successful and the historical temperature data as the numerator, and take the time interval between time i and time i-1 as the denominator to obtain the temperature change rate. Select the maximum value between the constant 0 and the temperature change rate, and normalize the maximum value to obtain the second risk urgency level.

[0077] In the target device's operation log, obtain the number of temperature data of the target device that are greater than or equal to the temperature warning threshold within 24 hours up to the current time (no limit is imposed here, the implementer can set it according to the specific temperature data collection frequency. If the temperature data collection frequency is high, the analysis time should be appropriately reduced). Record this as the second number. Calculate the proportion of the second number in the total number of temperature collection transactions within 24 hours to obtain the third risk urgency level.

[0078] The sum of the first risk urgency level, the second risk urgency level, and the third risk urgency level is normalized to obtain the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor.

[0079] In one embodiment, the formula for calculating the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor is:

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, C represents the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor. This represents the temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction (let's say time i), where T represents the temperature warning threshold of the target device. This indicates the preset temperature load safety threshold. This indicates the width of the preset temperature load risk range. Indicates the preset importance of the target equipment. This represents the temperature data at the time when the most recent temperature acquisition transaction was successful (i.e., the temperature data at time i-1). This represents the time interval between time i and time i-1, and N represents the number of temperature data points of the target device that are greater than or equal to the temperature warning threshold within the 24 hours up to the current time. This represents the number of all temperature data collection transactions in the 24 hours up to the current moment. Represents the hyperbolic tangent function. Represents the maximum value function. This represents the normalization function.

[0082] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, the preset temperature load risk range is set as follows: ,Right now , No restrictions are set here; implementers can configure it according to the specific scenario. At that time, it was considered that there was no temperature risk. , ,when At that time, it was believed that there was a temperature risk. ,when At that time, it was considered that there was an emergency temperature risk. ,at this time The value approaches 1 exponentially, simulating the nonlinear demand of "ignoring it when the temperature is normal, but being on high alert when it approaches the threshold." The larger, and The larger the value of C, the higher the risk of temperature anomalies, the greater the importance of the target device, and the higher the urgency of the temperature data. Therefore, the larger C is, the more appropriate the basic command response timeout should be to ensure the timeliness of business operations. The larger C is, the more likely the target device is in a rapid heating process. The target device may have abnormal conditions such as overload or poor contact. Therefore, the larger C is, the shorter the timeout should be to achieve high-frequency retry and ensure the timeliness of the service. The larger C is, the more times the target device experiences abnormally high temperatures within 24 hours. The urgency of the temperature data should be appropriately increased. Consequently, the larger C is, the more the basic command response timeout should be reduced to ensure business timeliness.

[0083] Thus, the urgency adjustment factor for temperature acquisition was obtained.

[0084] Step S104: Adjust the basic command response timeout according to the link quality adjustment factor and the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor to obtain the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment. Based on the adaptive command response timeout, complete the temperature acquisition task at the current moment.

[0085] The link quality adjustment factor and temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor obtained in the above steps are applied together to the basic command response timeout to obtain the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment. This achieves the intelligent scheduling goal of reasonably extending the waiting time when the carrier performance is poor to improve the acquisition success rate, shortening the waiting time when the carrier performance is strong to improve the channel utilization, accelerating the response to shorten the warning delay when the temperature is abnormal, and appropriately relaxing the timeout when the temperature is stable to strive for a successful timeout. This improves the link reliability and service timeliness of the HPLC communication unit in the temperature acquisition scenario.

[0086] The specific method for obtaining the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment is as follows:

[0087] The sum of constant 1 and link quality adjustment factor is calculated to obtain the first adjustment coefficient. The temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor is subtracted from constant 1 to obtain the second adjustment coefficient. The product of the basic command response timeout, the first adjustment coefficient, and the second adjustment coefficient is calculated to obtain the initial adjustment response timeout.

[0088] To prevent excessively long response times from blocking subsequent task queues, or from causing frequent timeouts due to overly aggressive behavior in a normal link, a preset command response timeout upper limit and a preset command response timeout lower limit are obtained. The minimum value between the initial adjusted response timeout and the preset command response timeout upper limit is selected, and the maximum value between the minimum value and the preset command response timeout lower limit is selected to obtain the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment.

[0089] In one implementation, the formula for calculating the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment is:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, This indicates that the adaptive command response has timed out at the current moment. This indicates the lower limit of the preset command response timeout. This indicates the preset command response timeout limit. This indicates that the basic command response has timed out at the current moment. B represents the link quality adjustment factor, and C represents the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor. Describes the minimum value function. This represents the maximum value function.

[0092] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the following settings are made: , ,Right now There are no restrictions here; implementers can set it according to the actual scenario. A larger B indicates a worse carrier performance of the HPLC communication unit at the current moment. In this case, longer retransmission times and lower communication rates should be tolerated. The larger the value of C, the greater the likelihood of an abnormal temperature at the current moment. In this case, the response timeout should be shortened. The smaller the value, the faster the failure will be, allowing for quick retry or switching to a backup channel, thus avoiding delays in early warnings due to long waiting times.

[0093] After obtaining the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment, the HPLC communication unit uses the adaptive command response timeout as the waiting timer threshold for the temperature acquisition transaction at the current moment. If temperature data is received within this time, or if temperature data is received after a retry, the acquisition is successful, and the temperature data is immediately reported to the master station. At the same time, the historical successful response time window is updated (in step S101) for the rolling calculation of the adaptive command response timeout for the next temperature acquisition transaction. If no temperature data is received within this time, and all retries still fail, an acquisition failure flag is reported. Through this adaptive mechanism, the adaptive timeout is automatically extended when the carrier performance is weak, enabling successful acquisitions that would otherwise fail due to a fixed timeout to be completed, significantly improving the success rate of temperature data reporting. When the carrier performance is strong, the adaptive timeout is automatically shortened, freeing up channel resources and improving acquisition efficiency. When the device temperature rises sharply, the adaptive timeout is compressed to a low value. If the first read is successful, early warning data is quickly obtained; if it fails, it quickly switches to a backup acquisition channel (such as reading through another interface of the local communication module), avoiding missing the thermal fault early warning window due to long waiting times. This fundamentally improves the link reliability and service timeliness of the HPLC communication unit in temperature acquisition scenarios, effectively supporting the "zero burn-out" early warning and proactive maintenance of metering equipment.

[0094] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it performs the following steps: During the process of acquiring temperature data of the target device through the HPLC communication unit, the historical command response time of the HPLC communication unit when the first preset number of temperature acquisition transactions were successful before the current time is obtained. Based on the distribution characteristics of the historical command response time, the basic command response timeout at the current time is obtained. Based on the monitoring data of various preset carrier performance monitoring indicators of the communication link where the HPLC communication unit is located at the completion time of the second preset number of temperature acquisition transactions before the current time, the quality of each temperature acquisition transaction in the first preset time period up to the current time, and the working mode of the HPLC communication unit at the current time, obtain the link quality adjustment factor that adjusts the basic command response timeout based on the real-time communication quality at the current time. Based on the target device's device type and the target device's temperature warning status during the second preset time period up to the current moment, obtain the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor to adjust the basic command response timeout based on the temperature anomaly risk at the current moment; The basic command response timeout is adjusted based on the link quality adjustment factor and the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor to obtain the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment. Based on the adaptive command response timeout, the temperature acquisition task at the current moment is completed.

2. The HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the basic command response timeout at the current moment based on the distribution characteristics of historical command response times includes: Sort all historical command response times in ascending order to obtain a response time sequence, and then obtain the median, ninth quantile, and maximum value of the response time sequence. Based on the preset weights corresponding to the median, ninth quantile, and maximum value, the median, ninth quantile, and maximum value are weighted and summed to obtain the basic command response timeout at the current moment.

3. The HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset carrier performance monitoring indicators include signal-to-noise ratio and received signal strength. Therefore, the acquisition of the link quality adjustment factor, which adjusts the basic command response timeout based on the real-time communication quality at the current moment, includes: The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and received signal strength of the communication link at the completion times of the second preset number of temperature acquisition transactions closest to the current time are obtained. The mean values ​​of all SNR and all received signal strength are calculated to obtain the average SNR and average received signal strength. The ideal SNR and ideal received signal strength of the communication link are obtained. The proportion of the difference between the ideal SNR and the average SNR in the ideal SNR is normalized to obtain the first signal degradation degree. The proportion of the difference between the ideal received signal strength and the average received signal strength in the ideal received signal strength is normalized to obtain the second signal degradation degree. The maximum value between the first signal degradation degree and the second signal degradation degree is selected to obtain the first communication quality factor. The second communication quality factor is obtained based on the quality of each temperature acquisition transaction within the preset time period up to the current moment; Obtain the working mode factor corresponding to the working mode of the HPLC communication unit at the current moment, and normalize the sum of the first communication quality factor, the second communication quality factor and the working mode factor to obtain the link quality adjustment factor.

4. The HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the second communication quality factor based on the quality of each temperature acquisition transaction within a preset time period up to the current moment includes: In the third preset number of temperature acquisition transactions closest to the current time, the number of temperature acquisition transactions that successfully acquired temperature data without relying on retransmission is obtained and denoted as the first number. The negative of the first number is used as the independent variable of the natural exponential function to obtain the retransmission dependency. In all temperature acquisition transactions within the preset time period, the number of transactions with the maximum consecutive temperature acquisition transaction failure is obtained, and the percentage of the number of transactions with the maximum consecutive temperature acquisition transaction failure in the total number of temperature acquisition transactions within the preset time period is calculated to obtain the run risk level. The second communication quality factor is obtained by calculating the product between the retransmission dependency and the run-length risk.

5. The HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor, which adjusts the basic command response timeout based on the current temperature anomaly risk, includes: Obtain the temperature warning threshold of the target device, and based on the difference between the temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction and the temperature warning threshold, as well as the device type of the target device, obtain the first risk urgency level; The second risk urgency level is determined based on the rate of temperature change from the temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction. Based on the temperature warning status of the target device during the second preset time period, the third risk urgency level is obtained; The sum of the first risk urgency level, the second risk urgency level, and the third risk urgency level is normalized to obtain the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor.

6. The HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of determining the first risk urgency level based on the difference between the temperature data from the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction and the temperature warning threshold, as well as the device type of the target device, includes: The temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction is obtained. The proportion of the temperature data in the temperature warning threshold is calculated to obtain the temperature load value at the current time. A preset temperature load risk range and a preset temperature load safety threshold are obtained. The width of the preset temperature load risk range is used as the denominator, and the difference between the temperature load value and the preset temperature load safety threshold is used as the numerator to obtain the temperature risk index. The temperature risk index is used as the independent variable of the hyperbolic tangent function to obtain the function value. The maximum value between the constant 0 and the function value is selected as the degree of temperature anomaly risk at the current time. Based on the equipment type of the target equipment, the preset importance level of the target equipment is obtained, and the product between the temperature anomaly risk level and the preset importance level is calculated to obtain the first risk urgency level.

7. The HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method of obtaining the second risk urgency level based on the temperature change rate of the temperature data from the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction includes: Obtain the temperature data from the time when the most recent temperature acquisition transaction was successfully completed, denoted as historical temperature data. Subtract the historical temperature data from the temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction as the numerator, and use the time interval between the time corresponding to the temperature data at the time of the most recent successful temperature acquisition transaction and the time corresponding to the historical temperature data as the denominator to obtain the temperature change rate. Select the maximum value between the constant 0 and the temperature change rate, and normalize the maximum value to obtain the second risk urgency level.

8. The HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the third risk urgency level based on the temperature warning status of the target device within the second preset time period includes: In the target device's operation log, obtain the number of temperature data points of the target device that are greater than or equal to the temperature warning threshold within the second preset time period, and record them as the second quantity. Calculate the proportion of the second quantity in the total number of temperature acquisition transactions within the preset time period to obtain the third risk urgency level.

9. The HPLC communication unit with high-speed carrier performance monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of adjusting the basic command response timeout based on the link quality adjustment factor and the temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor to obtain the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment includes: The sum of constant 1 and link quality adjustment factor is calculated to obtain the first adjustment coefficient. The temperature acquisition urgency adjustment factor is subtracted from constant 1 to obtain the second adjustment coefficient. The product of the basic command response timeout, the first adjustment coefficient, and the second adjustment coefficient is calculated to obtain the initial adjustment response timeout. Obtain the preset command response timeout upper limit and the preset command response timeout lower limit, select the minimum value between the initial adjusted response timeout and the preset command response timeout upper limit, and select the maximum value between the minimum value and the preset command response timeout lower limit to obtain the adaptive command response timeout at the current moment.

Images