A young forest tending and soil loosening and weeding combined operation machine with adjustable row spacing

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined weeding and soil loosening machine for young forest tending with adjustable row spacing, belonging to the field of forestry combined operation machinery technology. It includes a tracked walking system, a transmission system, a hydraulic system, a soil loosening mechanism, and a protective shell. A cutter shaft body is movably embedded inside the protective shell. In use, a dual-axis synchronous motor, in conjunction with a lead screw, drives a retaining ring to move in opposite directions, causing two adjusting blocks to move in opposite directions. Simultaneously, the weed scraper moves, forcibly cutting and scraping away weeds at the end of the cutter shaft body. Through the reverse drive of the dual-axis synchronous motor, the two adjusting blocks move in opposite directions, expanding the space between the second weeding blade and the protective shell, facilitating manual removal of stubborn, tangled weeds and vines. The row spacing of the end weeding blades can be adjusted through the adjustment components. Expanding the spacing enables automatic weed scraping and removal; narrowing the row spacing expands the cleaning space, facilitating manual removal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forestry combined operation machinery technology, specifically to a combined operation machine for young forest tending, loosening soil, and weeding with adjustable row spacing. Background Technology

[0002] Forestry combined operation machinery refers to specialized forestry machinery that can simultaneously complete two or more forestry production processes with a single piece of equipment. It eliminates the need for multiple field visits and operations, enabling combined tasks such as loosening soil, weeding, fertilizing, pruning, ditching, and land preparation to be completed in one go. During the young forest tending stage, combined operation machinery is needed to complete both loosening soil and weeding simultaneously. This process improves the growing environment for young trees, promotes root development, and increases seedling survival rate and growth rate.

[0003] The combined soil loosening and weeding machine for young forest tending is a special machine for young forest tending. It is generally suitable for inter-row operations in forest land, avoiding the main trunk of seedlings and not damaging young trees. Most of them are tracked or wheeled small machines that can travel in mountainous areas, slopes and narrow-row areas in forests.

[0004] In existing technology, the weeding mechanism of the combined soil loosening and weeding machine has multiple weeding blades installed on the cutter shaft. The weeding blades at both ends of the cutter shaft are close to the two side walls of the outer protective cover, and the space between the end weeding blades and the cover wall is small. During the weeding process, weeds are prone to getting tangled at both ends of the cutter shaft (the part between the end weeding blades and the cover wall). However, because the space between the end weeding blades and the cover wall is small, the space for subsequent manual cleaning is limited. This not only makes cleaning troublesome, time-consuming and laborious, but also makes it easy to not clean thoroughly. Weeds remain and continue to entangle, leading to increased wear on subsequent parts and a shortened service life.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a combined machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests with adjustable row spacing to address the problems mentioned in the background section. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined soil loosening and weeding machine for young forest tending with adjustable row spacing, in order to solve the problem that the combined soil loosening and weeding machine mentioned in the background art is prone to weed entanglement during weeding operations. However, due to the small space between the end weeding blade and the cover wall, the space is limited when manually cleaning this part later, which is not only troublesome, time-consuming and laborious, but also easy to not clean thoroughly, with weed residues continuing to entangle, leading to increased wear and tear on subsequent parts and shortened service life.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An adjustable-row spacing combined machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests includes a tracked walking system, a transmission system, a hydraulic system, a soil loosening mechanism, and a protective shell. A cutter shaft body is movably embedded inside the protective shell. The machine also includes: An adjustment component, located on the outer surface of the cutter shaft body, is used to drive the weeding blade at the end of the cutter shaft body to move and clear weeds from the end of the cutter shaft body. A connecting component, used to adjust the connection and unlocking of the component with the cutter shaft body; Protective components are used to protect both ends of the cutter shaft body and to assist in clearing weeds from the ends; The adjustment assembly includes a dual-axis synchronous motor and two adjustment blocks. A grass scraper is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of each adjustment block. An annular groove is formed on the outer surface of the adjustment block. A lead screw is fixedly installed on both output ends of the dual-axis synchronous motor, and the two lead screws are symmetrically arranged. A moving block is threaded onto the outer surface of each lead screw. A moving rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of each moving block. A retaining ring is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the moving rod, and the retaining ring is movably embedded inside the annular groove.

[0008] Preferably, the outer surface of the cutter shaft body is bolted with a plurality of first weeding blades, the outer surface of the adjusting block is bolted with a plurality of second weeding blades, the top of the protective housing has two movable slots, the outer surface of the movable rod is movably embedded in the movable slots, and the outer surface of the movable block is fixedly mounted with a protective plate, which is in contact with the outer surface of the protective housing.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting block is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the cutter shaft body, and two sealing blocks are fixedly connected to the edge of the inner wall of the adjusting block. The inner walls of the two sealing blocks are in contact with the outer surface of the cutter shaft body. The bottom of the dual-axis synchronous motor is installed at the center of the outer surface of the protective shell through an auxiliary frame. One end of each of the two lead screws is movably sleeved with a support block, and the two support blocks are respectively fixedly installed at the edge of the outer surface of the protective shell.

[0010] Preferably, the grass scraper includes a first scraper, a conical flared blade is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the first scraper, a spiral blade groove is formed on the outer surface of the first scraper, the blade edge of the first scraper is in contact with the outer surface of the blade shaft body, the bottom surface of the inner wall of the conical flared blade is provided with a micro-serrated blade edge, and the top surface of the inner wall is provided with an inclined stepped blade edge.

[0011] Preferably, there are two connecting components, each including an annular air tube. Multiple connecting air tubes are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the annular air tube. An air cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of each connecting air tube. A piston rod is movably embedded inside the air cylinder. A fixing block is fixedly installed at one end of the piston rod. An insert rod is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of the fixing block. A return spring is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the air cylinder. An outer connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular air tube.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surfaces of both ends of the cutter shaft body are provided with multiple slots, the inside of the adjusting block is provided with a connecting cavity, the outer surface of the annular air tube is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the connecting cavity, the air cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting cavity, the outer surface of the insert rod is movably embedded in the slot, a fixing plate is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the air cylinder near the connecting air tube, the two ends of the return spring are respectively installed on the opposite side of the fixing block and the fixing plate, one end of the outer tube is fixedly extended through the outer surface of the adjusting block, and a sealing cap is threaded to one end of the outer tube.

[0013] Preferably, the protective assembly includes a compressed air pump, two first protective covers, and two second protective covers. The inner walls of the first and second protective covers are provided with air chambers. One side of the inner wall of each air chamber is provided with multiple first air holes, and the edge of the other side of the inner wall of each air chamber is provided with multiple second air holes. Rubber pads are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the first and second protective covers. Two connecting channels are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first protective cover, and both connecting channels penetrate the rubber pads and extend into the air chamber of the second protective cover.

[0014] Preferably, an air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first protective cover. The air inlet pipe is connected to the air chamber. A connecting hose is fixedly connected to the output end of the compressed air pump. A flow equalization pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting hose. The two ends of the flow equalization pipe are respectively connected to the air inlet pipe through threaded connectors.

[0015] Preferably, the inner walls of the first and second protective covers are provided with sealing grooves, and a sealing ring is movably embedded in the sealing groove. The inner wall of the sealing ring is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the cutter shaft body, and the outer surface of the flow equalization tube is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the protective shell. Both ends of the flow equalization tube are fixedly inserted into the interior of the protective shell.

[0016] Preferably, the first protective cover and the second protective cover are bolted to the inner wall of the protective shell, and the first protective cover and the second protective cover are connected by screws. The bottom of the compressed air pump is fixedly installed at the edge of the top of the track walking system. The hydraulic system is provided in two parts, which are respectively movably connected to the soil loosening mechanism and the protective shell.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In use, the dual-axis synchronous motor, in conjunction with the lead screw, drives the retaining ring to move in opposite directions, causing the two adjusting blocks to move in opposite directions, which in turn moves the weed scraper blades simultaneously, forcibly cutting and scraping away the weeds on the end surface of the blade shaft body. The reverse drive of the dual-axis synchronous motor causes the two adjusting blocks to move in opposite directions, expanding the space between the second weeding blade and the protective shell, facilitating manual removal of stubborn, tangled weeds and vines. The adjustment assembly allows for adjustment of the row spacing of the end weeding blades. Increasing the row spacing enables automatic weed scraping; decreasing the row spacing expands the space at the end of the blade shaft, facilitating manual cleaning and improving the cleaning effect.

[0018] 2. When this invention is used, the first scraper is used to forcibly scrape off the weeds on the surface of the end of the blade shaft. The spiral blade groove guides the airflow and grass clippings to flow outward. At the same time, the edge of the groove has a tearing effect on the weeds. Then, the conical flared blade continues to push the grass clippings outward and away from the sealed gap. Meanwhile, the micro-serrated blade edge and the inclined stepped blade edge cut and shred the weeds step by step. In coordination with the spiral blade groove, multi-layer shearing is achieved, forming a triple mechanical anti-entanglement mechanism, which makes it easier to discharge the debris outward and improve the sealing of the gap.

[0019] 3. When using this invention, the compressed air pump delivers high-pressure gas to the annular air chamber. The second air hole blows out a parallel annular air curtain and blows it outward along the gap to prevent grass clippings from entering. The first air hole blows out a vertical annular air curtain onto the surface of the cutter shaft and then blows it out laterally along the gap to form a double air curtain barrier. The continuous spraying of the double air curtain during operation helps to prevent grass clippings from entering the bearing area.

[0020] 4. When using this invention, during the automatic weed removal process at the end, the adjustment component mechanically scrapes and cuts to destroy the weed entanglement structure in advance, and high-pressure airflow quickly removes the debris. The two work together to improve the weed removal effect. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a first-angle schematic diagram of a combined soil loosening and weeding machine for young forest tending with adjustable row spacing according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second-angle schematic diagram of a combined soil loosening and weeding machine for young forest tending with adjustable row spacing according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a third-angle schematic diagram of a combined soil loosening and weeding machine for young forest tending with adjustable row spacing according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective components in a combined soil loosening and weeding machine for adjusting row spacing in young forest tending according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective shell in a combined operation machine for young forest tending, loosening soil, and weeding with adjustable row spacing according to the present invention. Figure 6This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the protective shell structure in a combined operation machine for adjusting row spacing of young forest tending, loosening soil, and weeding according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the protective components in a combined soil loosening and weeding machine for adjusting row spacing in young forest tending according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the unfolded structure of the second protective cover in a combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests with adjustable row spacing according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the air chamber structure in a combined young forest tending, loosening, and weeding machine with adjustable row spacing according to the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of the first protective cover in the adjustable row spacing combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil and weeding young forests according to the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting block in a combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests with adjustable row spacing according to the present invention; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the grass scraper in a combined soil loosening and weeding machine for adjusting row spacing in young forest tending according to the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the connecting components in a combined young forest tending, loosening soil, and weeding machine with adjustable row spacing according to the present invention. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the first scraper in a combined soil loosening and weeding machine for adjusting row spacing in young forest tending according to the present invention. Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the conical flared blade in a combined soil loosening and weeding machine for adjusting row spacing in young forest tending according to the present invention.

[0022] In the picture: 1. Tracked walking system; 2. Transmission system; 3. Hydraulic system; 4. Soil loosening mechanism; 5. Protective shell; 6. Cutter shaft body; 7. Adjustment assembly; 701. Dual-axis synchronous motor; 702. Lead screw; 703. Moving block; 704. Moving rod; 705. Adjustment block; 706. Snap ring; 707. Annular groove; 708. Scraper; 7081. First scraper; 7082. Conical flared blade; 7083. Spiral cutting groove; 709. Sealing block; 710. Connecting cavity; 711. Support block; 712. Protective plate; 8. Connecting assembly; 801. Annular air pipe; 802. Connecting air pipe; 803. Air cylinder 804. Piston rod; 805. Return spring; 806. Insert rod; 807. Outer connecting pipe; 808. Sealing cap; 809. Fixing block; 810. Fixing plate; 9. Protective assembly; 901. Compressed air pump; 902. Connecting hose; 903. Flow equalization pipe; 904. First protective cover; 905. Second protective cover; 906. Air inlet pipe; 907. Sealing groove; 908. Sealing ring; 909. Rubber pad; 910. Connecting channel; 911. Air chamber; 912. First air hole; 913. Second air hole; 10. First weeding blade; 11. Second weeding blade; 12. Moving groove; 13. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-15 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: An adjustable-row spacing combined machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests includes a tracked walking system 1, a transmission system 2, a hydraulic system 3, a soil loosening mechanism 4, and a protective shell 5. A cutter shaft body 6 is movably embedded inside the protective shell 5. The machine also includes: Adjustment component 7, located on the outer surface of the cutter shaft body 6, is used to drive the weeding blade at the end of the cutter shaft body 6 to move and clear weeds from the end of the cutter shaft body 6. Connecting component 8, which is used to adjust the connection and unlocking of component 7 and cutter shaft body 6; Protective component 9 is used to protect both ends of the cutter shaft body 6 and to assist in clearing weeds from the ends; The adjustment assembly 7 includes a dual-axis synchronous motor 701 and two adjustment blocks 705. A grass scraper 708 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of each adjustment block 705. An annular groove 707 is formed on the outer surface of the adjustment block 705. A lead screw 702 is fixedly installed on both output ends of the dual-axis synchronous motor 701, and the two lead screws 702 are symmetrically arranged. A moving block 703 is threaded on the outer surface of each lead screw 702. A moving rod 704 is fixedly installed at the bottom of each moving block 703. A retaining ring 706 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the moving rod 704, and the retaining ring 706 is movably embedded in the annular groove 707.

[0025] In practical applications, the cutter shaft body 6 and the protective shell 5 are connected by bearings, facilitating the stable rotation of the cutter shaft body 6 by the subsequent transmission system 2. Adjusting blocks 705 are installed at both ends of the cutter shaft body 6, and the second weeding blade 11 at each end is bolted to the outer surface of the adjusting block 705. During weeding operations, the adjusting block 705 is locked to the cutter shaft body 6 via the connecting assembly 8; during cleaning operations, the connecting assembly 8 is unlocked, and the adjusting block 705 slides. The dual-axis synchronous motor 701 is preferably a PGM620 series synchronous motor, with two lead screws 702 symmetrically distributed and rotating in opposite directions. The dual-axis synchronous motor 701 is started, driving the two lead screws 702 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the two moving blocks 703 to move in opposite directions. The moving rod 704 drives the two retaining rings 706 to move in opposite directions. The retaining rings 706 are embedded in the annular groove 707, thereby driving the two adjusting blocks 705 to move in opposite directions (i.e., towards the protective component 9), widening the gap between the second weeding blades 11 at the end. Simultaneously, the scraper blade 708 moves at the end of the blade shaft body 6, forcibly cutting and scraping away the weeds on the surface of the blade shaft body 6, clearing tangled weeds. At the same time, the airflow in the protective component 9 blows the chopped weeds away from the surface of the blade shaft body 6. The dual-axis synchronous motor 701 drives the lead screws 702 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the moving blocks 703, moving rod 704, and retaining rings 706 to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn drives the two adjusting blocks 705 to move in the opposite direction, narrowing the gap between the second weeding blades 11 at the end, thus widening the space between the second weeding blades 11 and the protective shell 5, facilitating manual removal of stubborn tangled weeds and vines. By adjusting component 7, the row spacing of the end weeding blades can be adjusted. When the row spacing is increased, weeds can be automatically scraped and cleaned. When the row spacing is decreased, the space at the end of the blade shaft is increased, which facilitates manual cleaning and improves the cleaning effect. This solves the problem that weeds are easily entangled when the combined soil loosening and weeding machine is used for weeding. However, because the space between the end weeding blades and the cover wall is small, the space is limited when cleaning this part manually. This not only makes cleaning troublesome, time-consuming and laborious, but also makes it easy to not clean thoroughly. Weeds remain and continue to entangle, which leads to increased wear on subsequent parts and shortens their service life.

[0026] It should also be noted that multiple first weeding blades 10 are bolted to the outer surface of the blade shaft body 6, and multiple second weeding blades 11 are bolted to the outer surface of the adjusting block 705. Two moving slots 12 are opened on the top of the protective shell 5. The outer surface of the moving rod 704 is movably embedded in the moving slot 12. A protective plate 712 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the moving block 703, and the protective plate 712 is in contact with the outer surface of the protective shell 5.

[0027] See Figure 1 , Figures 5 to 6 and Figure 11 As shown, the soil loosening mechanism 4 and the weeding mechanism are located at the front and rear positions of the tracked walking system 1, respectively. The tracked walking system 1 bears the weight of the entire machine and provides walking power. The transmission system 2 transmits the engine power to the working mechanism (i.e., the soil loosening mechanism 4 and the weeding mechanism) and controls the speed and torque. The hydraulic system 3 provides power for the lifting and lowering of the soil loosening mechanism 4 and the protective shell 5, realizing the adjustment of the working depth. The soil loosening mechanism 4 consists of a blade roller and a rotary tiller, which work in conjunction with the weeding mechanism to complete the soil loosening and tilling. When the transmission system 2 drives the blade shaft body 6 to rotate, it drives the first weeding blade 10 and the second weeding blade 11 to rotate together to weed, realizing the weeding operation. The moving groove 12 limits the movement of the moving rod 704 while facilitating the movement of the moving rod 704. The protective plate 712 moves with the moving rod 704 without interfering with the movement of the moving rod 704. During the weeding operation, the protective plate 712 always covers the moving groove 12 to prevent weeds from splashing onto the lead screw 702 through the moving groove 12 and affecting the normal movement of the subsequent moving block 703.

[0028] It should also be noted that the adjusting block 705 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the cutter shaft body 6, and two sealing blocks 709 are fixedly connected to the edge of the inner wall of the adjusting block 705. The inner walls of the two sealing blocks 709 are in contact with the outer surface of the cutter shaft body 6. The bottom of the dual-axis synchronous motor 701 is installed at the center of the outer surface of the protective shell 5 through an auxiliary frame. One end of each of the two lead screws 702 is movably sleeved with a support block 711, and the two support blocks 711 are fixedly installed at the edge of the outer surface of the protective shell 5.

[0029] See Figure 3 , Figures 5 to 6 and Figures 11 to 13 As shown, sealing blocks 709 are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the adjusting block 705 to improve the sealing between the adjusting block 705 and the cutter shaft body 6, preventing small weeds from entering the gap between the adjusting block 705 and the cutter shaft body 6 and affecting the smoothness of the adjusting block 705's movement. This is beneficial for improving the smoothness of the movement of the weeding blade row spacing at the end. The sealing blocks 709 are made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material, which has a certain degree of fit and wear resistance. A support block 711 is provided at the end of the lead screw 702 to support it and improve its rotational stability.

[0030] It should also be noted that the grass scraper 708 includes a first scraper 7081, a conical flared blade 7082 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the first scraper 7081, a spiral blade groove 7083 is opened on the outer surface of the first scraper 7081, the blade edge of the first scraper 7081 is in contact with the outer surface of the blade shaft body 6, the bottom surface of the inner wall of the conical flared blade 7082 is provided with a micro-serrated blade edge, and the top surface of the inner wall is provided with an inclined stepped blade edge.

[0031] See Figures 12 to 15 As shown, the first scraper 7081 is mainly used to forcibly scrape away weeds from the end surface of the blade shaft. The conical flared blade 7082 has a funnel-shaped structure. The high-pressure airflow and weeds are guided by the funnel-shaped inner wall and forced to flow outwards and away from the sealing block 709, reducing the direct impact of the airflow on the gap between the sealing block 709 and the blade shaft, thereby reducing the probability of weeds entering the gap. The outer surface of the first scraper 7081 has a spiral blade groove 7083, which helps to push the airflow and grass clippings away from the sealing block 709, and then continue to push them outwards by the conical flared blade 7082. At the same time, the edge of the groove has a tearing effect on the weeds. The inner wall of the conical flaring blade 7082 is successively distributed with micro-serrated cutting edges and inclined stepped cutting edges. When the airflow and weeds are guided to flow outward, the weeds are chopped and cut again step by step, and long vines and weeds are cut into small pieces. In conjunction with the spiral blade groove 7083, multi-layer shearing is achieved, forming a triple mechanical anti-entanglement mechanism, which makes it easier to discharge the pieces outward and improve the sealing of gaps.

[0032] It should also be noted that there are two connecting components 8. Each connecting component 8 includes an annular air tube 801. Multiple connecting air tubes 802 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the annular air tube 801. An air cylinder 803 is fixedly connected to one end of each connecting air tube 802. A piston rod 804 is movably embedded inside the air cylinder 803. A fixing block 809 is fixedly installed at one end of the piston rod 804. An insert rod 806 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of the fixing block 809. A return spring 805 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the air cylinder 803. An outer connecting pipe 807 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular air tube 801.

[0033] See Figures 12 to 13As shown, gas is injected into the air cylinder 803. Under air pressure, the piston rod 804 pushes the insert rod 806 into the slot 13, locking the adjusting block 705 to the cutter shaft body 6. When the cutter shaft body 6 rotates, it can drive the adjusting block 705 and the second weeding blade 11 to rotate rapidly together, without affecting the weeding efficiency. Unscrewing the sealing cap 808 allows the gas in the air cylinder 803 to be discharged through the connecting air pipe 802, the annular air pipe 801, and the outer connecting pipe 807. As the air pressure decreases, the tension on the return spring 805 decreases. Under the elastic pull of the return spring 805, the fixing block 809 moves, pulling the insert rod 806 out of the slot 13, unlocking the adjusting block 705 from the cutter shaft body 6. Connecting the outer connecting pipe 807 to the air source via the insert tube allows gas to be injected into the air cylinder 803, locking the adjusting block 705 to the cutter shaft body 6.

[0034] It should also be noted that multiple slots 13 are provided on the outer surfaces of both ends of the cutter shaft body 6, a connecting cavity 710 is provided inside the adjusting block 705, the outer surface of the annular air pipe 801 is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the connecting cavity 710, the air cylinder 803 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting cavity 710, the outer surface of the insert rod 806 is movably embedded in the slot 13, a fixing plate 810 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the air cylinder 803 near the connecting air pipe 802, the two ends of the return spring 805 are respectively installed on the opposite side of the fixing block 809 and the fixing plate 810, one end of the outer pipe 807 is fixedly extended through the outer surface of the adjusting block 705, and a sealing cap 808 is threadedly connected to one end of the outer pipe 807.

[0035] See Figures 12 to 13 As shown, slot 13 is used for inserting rod 806, connecting cavity 710 is used for installing connecting assembly 8, fixing plate 810 and fixing block 809 are used for connecting return spring 805, and the fixing block 809 and rod 806 are moved elastically by return spring 805, and the sealing cover 808 is used to seal external pipe 807, so that the air cylinder 803 maintains a stable air pressure, thereby achieving a stable connection between adjusting block 705 and cutter shaft body 6.

[0036] It should also be noted that the protective component 9 includes a compressed air pump 901, two first protective covers 904 and two second protective covers 905. The inner walls of the first protective covers 904 and the second protective covers 905 are provided with air chambers 911. Multiple first air holes 912 are provided on one side of the inner wall of the air chamber 911, and multiple second air holes 913 are provided at the edge of the inner wall of the other side of the air chamber 911. Rubber pads 909 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the first protective covers 904 and the second protective covers 905. Two connecting channels 910 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first protective cover 904, and both connecting channels 910 penetrate the rubber pads 909 and extend into the air chambers 911 of the second protective covers 905.

[0037] See Figures 3 to 4 and Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the protective component 9 is installed on the outer surface of the cutter shaft body 6 to prevent weeds from accidentally entering the bearing during weeding. The air chambers 911 of the first protective cover 904 and the second protective cover 905 are positioned opposite each other, and the upper and lower air chambers 911 are connected by the insertion of the connecting channel 910, and the upper and lower air chambers 911 are sealed by a rubber gasket 909. The compressed air pump 901 is preferably an HG-750 rotary vane air pump. When the compressed air pump 901 is started, high-pressure gas is delivered to the annular air chamber 911, and the gas is ejected through the first air hole 912 and the second air hole 913. The first air hole 912 is perpendicular to the cutter shaft, and the second air hole 913 is parallel to the cutter shaft. The second air hole 913 blows out a parallel annular air curtain, which then blows outward along the gap between the cover and the cutter shaft, preventing grass clippings from entering the gap. The first air hole 912 blows out a vertical annular air curtain onto the surface of the cutter shaft, and then flows laterally along the gap, forming a double air curtain barrier. This can blow out some grass clippings that accidentally enter. The continuous spraying of the double air curtain during operation helps to prevent grass clippings from entering the bearing area. At the same time, during subsequent cleaning, high-pressure gas is continuously sprayed, and the mechanical scraping of the adjusting component 7 is used to break the entangled structure of the weeds in advance. Combined with the high-pressure airflow, the debris is quickly carried away. The two work together to improve the weed cleaning effect.

[0038] It should also be noted that an air inlet pipe 906 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first protective cover 904. The air inlet pipe 906 is connected to the air chamber 911. A connecting hose 902 is fixedly connected to the output end of the compressed air pump 901. A flow equalization pipe 903 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting hose 902. The two ends of the flow equalization pipe 903 are connected to the air inlet pipe 906 through threaded connectors.

[0039] See Figures 4 to 5 and Figures 7-10 As shown, the compressed air pump 901 delivers high-pressure gas to the connecting hose 902, and then flows evenly into the two air inlet pipes 906 through the flow equalization pipe 903, and finally into the annular air chamber 911. The connecting hose 902 has a certain length and elasticity, and does not affect the adjustment of the protective shell 5 as it rises and falls.

[0040] It should also be noted that the inner walls of the first protective cover 904 and the second protective cover 905 are both provided with sealing grooves 907. A sealing ring 908 is movably embedded inside the sealing groove 907. The inner wall of the sealing ring 908 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the cutter shaft body 6. The outer surface of the flow equalization pipe 903 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the protective shell 5, and both ends of the flow equalization pipe 903 are fixedly inserted into the interior of the protective shell 5.

[0041] See Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figures 8 to 10As shown, a sealing groove 907 and a sealing ring 908 are provided between the housing and the cutter shaft body 6 to improve the sealing performance of the two. At the same time, the sealing effect of the sealing ring 908 helps to guide the air curtain to be sprayed outward. The sealing ring 908 is preferably made of hydrogenated nitrile rubber, which has good wear resistance, grease resistance, weather resistance and moderate elasticity.

[0042] It should also be noted that the first protective cover 904 and the second protective cover 905 are installed on the inner wall of the protective shell 5 by bolts, and the first protective cover 904 and the second protective cover 905 are connected by screws. The bottom of the compressed air pump 901 is fixedly installed at the top edge of the track walking system 1. There are two hydraulic systems 3, which are movably connected to the soil loosening mechanism 4 and the protective shell 5 respectively.

[0043] See Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the first protective cover 904 and the second protective cover 905 are connected by screws. The first protective cover 904 and the second protective cover 905 are installed on the inner wall of the protective shell 5 by bolts, which facilitates the installation and removal of the first protective cover 904 and the second protective cover 905 at the end of the cutter shaft body 6.

[0044] Please see Figures 1-15As shown, the overall mechanism achieves the following effect and works as follows: the tracked walking system 1 drives the entire equipment to move; the transmission system 2 transmits engine power to the soil loosening mechanism 4 and the weeding mechanism; the hydraulic system 3 provides power for the lifting and lowering of the soil loosening mechanism 4 and the protective shell 5; the transmission system 2 drives the cutter shaft body 6 to rotate, causing the first weeding blade 10 and the second weeding blade 11 to rotate together to weed; the soil loosening mechanism 4 and the weeding mechanism work in tandem to complete the soil loosening and tillage. The compressed air pump 901 delivers high-pressure gas sequentially to the connecting hose 902 and the flow equalization pipe 903, enters the annular air chamber 911 through the air inlet pipe 906, and is ejected through the first air hole 912 and the second air hole 913. Unscrew the sealing cap 808, and the gas in the air cylinder 803 is discharged outward through the connecting air pipe 802, the annular air pipe 801, and the outer connecting pipe 807. The tension on the return spring 805 decreases, and under the elastic pull, it drives the fixed block 809 to move, pulling the insertion rod 806 out of the slot 13, thus unlocking the adjusting block 705 from the cutter shaft body 6. Start the dual-axis synchronous motor 701, which drives the two lead screws 702 to rotate synchronously. Through the two moving blocks 703 and the moving rod 704, the two retaining rings 706 move in opposite directions, thereby driving the two adjusting blocks 705 and the grass scraper 708 to move at the end of the cutter shaft body 6, forcibly cutting and scraping away the weeds at the end. At the same time, with the help of the dual airflow, the chopped weeds are blown away from the surface of the cutter shaft body 6. The dual-axis synchronous motor 701 drives the lead screw 702 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby enabling the two adjusting blocks 705 to move in the opposite direction, expanding the space between the second weeding blade 11 and the protective shell 5, making it easier to manually remove some stubborn weeds and vines.

[0045] Among them, the tracked walking system 1, transmission system 2, hydraulic system 3, soil loosening mechanism 4, dual-shaft synchronous motor 701 and compressed air pump 901 are all existing technologies, and their components and operating principles are all publicly available technologies, so they will not be explained in detail here.

[0046] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined machine for loosening soil and weeding young forests with adjustable row spacing, comprising a tracked walking system (1), a transmission system (2), a hydraulic system (3), a soil loosening mechanism (4), and a protective shell (5), wherein a cutter shaft body (6) is movably embedded inside the protective shell (5), characterized in that: Also includes: Adjustment component (7), located on the outer surface of the cutter shaft body (6), is used to drive the weeding blade at the end of the cutter shaft body (6) to move and clear the weeds at the end of the cutter shaft body (6); Connection component (8), which is used to adjust the connection and unlocking of component (7) and cutter shaft body (6); Protective components (9) are used to protect both ends of the cutter shaft body (6) and to assist in clearing weeds from the ends; The adjustment assembly (7) includes a dual-axis synchronous motor (701) and two adjustment blocks (705). A grass scraper (708) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of each adjustment block (705). An annular groove (707) is opened on the outer surface of the adjustment block (705). A lead screw (702) is fixedly installed on both output ends of the dual-axis synchronous motor (701), and the two lead screws (702) are symmetrically arranged. A moving block (703) is threaded on the outer surface of each lead screw (702). A moving rod (704) is fixedly installed at the bottom of each moving block (703). A retaining ring (706) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the moving rod (704), and the retaining ring (706) is movably embedded in the annular groove (707).

2. The adjustable row spacing combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the blade shaft body (6) is bolted with a plurality of first weeding blades (10), and the outer surface of the adjusting block (705) is bolted with a plurality of second weeding blades (11). The top of the protective housing (5) has two moving slots (12). The outer surface of the moving rod (704) is movably embedded in the moving slot (12). The outer surface of the moving block (703) is fixedly mounted with a protective plate (712), and the protective plate (712) is in contact with the outer surface of the protective housing (5).

3. The adjustable row spacing combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting block (705) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the cutter shaft body (6). Two sealing blocks (709) are fixedly connected to the edge of the inner wall of the adjusting block (705). The inner walls of the two sealing blocks (709) are in contact with the outer surface of the cutter shaft body (6). The bottom of the dual-axis synchronous motor (701) is installed at the center of the outer surface of the protective shell (5) through an auxiliary frame. One end of each of the two lead screws (702) is movably sleeved with a support block (711). The two support blocks (711) are fixedly installed at the edge of the outer surface of the protective shell (5).

4. The adjustable row spacing combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grass scraper (708) includes a first scraper (7081), a conical flaring blade (7082) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the first scraper (7081), a spiral blade groove (7083) is opened on the outer surface of the first scraper (7081), the cutting edge of the first scraper (7081) is in contact with the outer surface of the blade shaft body (6), the bottom surface of the inner wall of the conical flaring blade (7082) is provided with a micro-serrated cutting edge, and the top surface of the inner wall is provided with an inclined stepped cutting edge.

5. The adjustable row spacing combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two connecting components (8) are provided. Each connecting component (8) includes an annular air tube (801). Multiple connecting air tubes (802) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the annular air tube (801). An air cylinder (803) is fixedly connected to one end of each connecting air tube (802). A piston rod (804) is movably embedded inside the air cylinder (803). A fixing block (809) is fixedly installed at one end of the piston rod (804). An insert rod (806) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of the fixing block (809). A return spring (805) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the air cylinder (803). An outer connecting pipe (807) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular air tube (801).

6. The adjustable row spacing combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple slots (13) are provided on the outer surfaces of both ends of the cutter shaft body (6). A connecting cavity (710) is provided inside the adjusting block (705). The outer surface of the annular air pipe (801) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the connecting cavity (710). The air cylinder (803) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting cavity (710). The outer surface of the insert rod (806) is movably embedded in the slot (13). A fixing plate (810) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the air cylinder (803) near the connecting air pipe (802). The two ends of the return spring (805) are respectively installed on the opposite side of the fixing block (809) and the fixing plate (810). One end of the outer pipe (807) is fixedly inserted through the outer surface of the adjusting block (705). A sealing cap (808) is threadedly connected to one end of the outer pipe (807).

7. The adjustable row spacing combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protective assembly (9) includes a compressed air pump (901), two first protective covers (904) and two second protective covers (905). The inner walls of the first protective cover (904) and the second protective cover (905) are provided with air chambers (911). One side of the inner wall of the air chamber (911) is provided with a plurality of first air holes (912). The edge of the other side of the inner wall of the air chamber (911) is provided with a plurality of second air holes (913). The opposite sides of the first protective cover (904) and the second protective cover (905) are fixedly connected with rubber pads (909). The outer surface of the first protective cover (904) is fixedly connected with two connecting channels (910), and the two connecting channels (910) penetrate the rubber pads (909) and extend into the air chamber (911) of the second protective cover (905).

8. The adjustable row spacing combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests according to claim 7, characterized in that: An air inlet pipe (906) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first protective cover (904). The air inlet pipe (906) is connected to the air chamber (911). A connecting hose (902) is fixedly connected to the output end of the compressed air pump (901). A flow equalization pipe (903) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting hose (902). The two ends of the flow equalization pipe (903) are respectively connected to the air inlet pipe (906) through threaded connectors.

9. The adjustable row spacing combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner walls of the first protective cover (904) and the second protective cover (905) are provided with sealing grooves (907). A sealing ring (908) is movably embedded in the sealing groove (907). The inner wall of the sealing ring (908) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the cutter shaft body (6). The outer surface of the flow equalization tube (903) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the protective shell (5), and both ends of the flow equalization tube (903) are fixedly inserted into the interior of the protective shell (5).

10. The adjustable row spacing combined operation machine for tending, loosening soil, and weeding young forests according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first protective cover (904) and the second protective cover (905) are installed on the inner wall of the protective shell (5) by bolts. The first protective cover (904) and the second protective cover (905) are connected by screws. The bottom of the compressed air pump (901) is fixedly installed at the edge of the top of the track walking system (1). There are two hydraulic systems (3), which are movably connected to the soil loosening mechanism (4) and the protective shell (5) respectively.

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