An air absorption heat pump

Abstract

The application discloses an air absorption heat pump, comprising a vacuum phase change boiler, wherein an air inlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler is communicated with a fan, and an air outlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler is communicated with a flue gas cooling tank; a flue gas outlet is communicated with the flue gas cooling tank, a water outlet end of the flue gas cooling tank is communicated with an evaporation pump, a water outlet end of the evaporation pump is communicated with an air preheating tank, and the evaporation pump draws high-temperature water in the flue gas cooling tank into the air preheating tank. The application has the advantages of preventing condensation corrosion, solves the problem that the air absorption heat pump cannot be used due to the fact that the condensation corrosion of the boiler is serious caused by the fact that the humidity of combustion-supporting air is greatly increased and the dew point temperature is increased in the heat and mass transfer process of the air absorption heat pump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat pump technology, specifically to an air absorption heat pump. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global energy shortage and environmental pollution, improving the energy efficiency and low-carbon operation of industrial boiler systems has become a key breakthrough for energy conservation and emission reduction. The flue gas temperature of traditional boilers is usually much higher than the return water temperature for heating, and a large amount of medium and low temperature flue gas waste heat is directly discharged into the atmosphere, which not only wastes energy but also exacerbates thermal pollution and water consumption.

[0003] Air absorption heat pumps use waste heat from boiler flue gas as the driving heat source, employing air as the absorbent and water as the refrigerant to construct a gas-liquid heat exchange heat transfer cycle system. This achieves efficient and coordinated recovery of sensible and latent heat from the flue gas, reducing the exhaust gas temperature to below that of the heating return water temperature. At the same time, the high-temperature air produced by the system can be directly used for boiler combustion, improving combustion efficiency and reducing fuel consumption.

[0004] During the heat and mass transfer process of air absorption heat pumps, the humidity of the combustion air increases significantly, leading to a rise in dew point temperature. This results in severe boiler condensation corrosion, rendering the boiler unusable. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an air absorption heat pump with the advantage of preventing condensation corrosion, which solves the problem that the increased humidity of the combustion air during the heat and mass transfer process of the air absorption heat pump leads to a rise in dew point temperature and serious boiler condensation corrosion, rendering the pump unusable.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an air absorption heat pump, comprising a vacuum phase change boiler, wherein a fan is connected to the air inlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler, and a flue gas cooling tank is connected to the air outlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler. The flue gas cooling tank has a flue gas outlet at the gas outlet end and an evaporation pump at the water outlet end. The evaporation pump has an air preheating tank at the water outlet end. The evaporation pump draws high-temperature water from inside the flue gas cooling tank into the air preheating tank. The air preheating tank is connected to a generating pump at its outlet. The outlet of the generating pump is connected to the inlet of the flue gas cooling tank. The generating pump draws low-temperature water from inside the air preheating tank into the flue gas cooling tank to absorb heat from the flue gas. Cold air enters the air preheating tank at the air inlet end, and the air outlet end of the air preheating tank is connected to the air inlet end of the fan. The cold air absorbs heat from the high-temperature water inside the air preheating tank, and the heat-absorbing air enters the vacuum phase change boiler through the fan to assist combustion.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the air absorption heat pump of the present invention, the air inlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler is connected to a gas mixer, and a gas valve group is connected to the gas mixer.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the air absorption heat pump of the present invention, the gas enters the gas mixer through the gas valve group, and the hot air enters the gas mixer through the fan. The hot air and the gas are mixed inside the gas mixer and then enter the vacuum phase change boiler.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the air absorption heat pump of the present invention, a boiler condenser is installed at the outlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler, and a boiler heat exchanger is installed on the top of the vacuum phase change boiler.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the air absorption heat pump of the present invention, the boiler condenser inlet is connected to a return water pipe, the boiler condenser outlet is connected to the boiler heat exchanger inlet, and the boiler heat exchanger outlet is connected to a supply water pipe.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the air absorption heat pump of the present invention, the inlet water temperature of the return water pipe is 35-55℃, and the outlet water temperature of the supply water pipe is 55-95℃.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the air absorption heat pump of the present invention, the flue gas cooling tank is provided with a condenser and a generator. The condenser is connected to the flue gas outlet and flue gas outlet of the vacuum phase change boiler, and the generator is connected to the liquid outlet of the generator pump and the liquid inlet of the evaporator pump.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the air absorption heat pump of the present invention, the air preheating tank is provided with an evaporator and an absorber. The evaporator is connected to the liquid outlet of the evaporation pump and the liquid inlet of the generator pump. Cold air enters one end of the absorber, and the other end of the absorber is connected to the air inlet of the fan.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the air absorption heat pump of the present invention, a gas control component is installed at the flue gas outlet of the boiler condenser and the cold air inlet of the air preheating tank, and the gas control component adjusts the flue gas discharge rate and the cold air inlet rate.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the air absorption heat pump of the present invention, the gas control component includes a main control valve, an outlet pipe connected to the outlet end of the main control valve, a gas detection module installed on the outlet pipe, the gas detection module detecting the temperature and flow rate of the gas inside the outlet pipe, a delivery pipe connected to the inlet end of the main control valve, a one-way valve connected to the inlet end of the delivery pipe, an inlet pipe connected to the inlet end of the one-way valve, and flue gas or cold air entering the inlet pipe. A bypass pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the one-way valve. A connecting pipe is connected to the bypass pipe and the delivery pipe. A bypass control valve is connected to the top of the bypass pipe. The bypass control valve is connected to the chimney. A cooling jacket is installed on the surface of the chimney to cool the flue gas. A first electric actuator is fixedly installed on the main control valve, and a second electric actuator is fixedly installed on the bypass control valve. The second electric actuator opens and closes according to the opening and closing angle of the first electric actuator. When the opening and closing angle of the first electric actuator increases, the opening and closing angle of the second electric actuator decreases, and when the opening and closing angle of the first electric actuator decreases, the opening and closing angle of the second electric actuator increases, so as to regulate the flow rate of flue gas and cold air.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention significantly improves energy utilization efficiency by constructing an integrated waste heat deep recovery and air preheating synergistic system. The high-temperature flue gas discharged from the vacuum phase change boiler passes sequentially through the boiler heat exchanger, boiler condenser, and condenser in the flue gas cooling tank, achieving multi-stage gradient recovery of sensible and latent heat. At the same time, the recovered heat is transported to the air preheating tank through a closed water circulation loop to heat the cold air used for combustion. The preheated air and fuel gas are fully mixed in the gas mixer before entering the boiler for combustion. This not only improves the combustion temperature and stability but also reduces incomplete combustion losses, thereby greatly improving the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler and effectively reducing fuel consumption.

[0017] 2. This invention breaks the traditional limitation that the flue gas temperature of a boiler must be higher than the return water temperature, and achieves a flue gas temperature lower than the heating return water temperature. Through total heat recovery (sensible heat plus latent heat), the flue gas temperature is significantly reduced, achieving the technical indicators that the heating return water temperature and flue gas temperature are both >10℃, greatly improving the boiler thermal efficiency, and at the same time achieving water conservation and synergistic emission reduction of pollutants. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas control component according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas control component according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Vacuum phase change boiler; 2. Fan; 3. Gas mixer; 4. Gas valve assembly; 5. Boiler heat exchanger; 6. Water supply pipe; 7. Water return pipe; 8. Flue gas outlet; 9. Condenser; 10. Generator; 11. Evaporator; 12. Absorber; 13. Generator pump; 14. Air preheating tank; 15. Evaporator pump; 16. Flue gas cooling tank; 17. Boiler condenser; 18. Gas control components; 1801. Main control valve; 1802. Gas outlet pipe; 1803. Gas detection module; 1804. First electric actuator; 1805. Connecting pipe; 1806. Second electric actuator; 1807. Bypass control valve; 1808. Bypass pipe; 1809. Inlet pipe; 1810. Check valve; 1811. Delivery pipe; 1812. Cooling jacket; 1813. Chimney. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 An air absorption heat pump includes a vacuum phase change boiler 1, with a fan 2 connected to the air inlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler 1 and a flue gas cooling tank 16 connected to the air outlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler 1.

[0021] Furthermore, the flue gas cooling tank 16 is connected to a flue gas outlet 8 at its outlet end, and an evaporation pump 15 is connected to the water outlet end of the flue gas cooling tank 16. The water outlet end of the evaporation pump 15 is connected to an air preheating tank 14. The evaporation pump 15 draws high-temperature water from inside the flue gas cooling tank 16 into the air preheating tank 14.

[0022] Furthermore, the outlet of the air preheating tank 14 is connected to a generating pump 13, and the outlet of the generating pump 13 is connected to the inlet of the flue gas cooling tank 16. The generating pump 13 draws low-temperature water from inside the air preheating tank 14 into the flue gas cooling tank 16 to absorb heat from the flue gas.

[0023] Furthermore, cold air enters the air preheating tank 14 at the air inlet end, and the air outlet end of the air preheating tank 14 is connected to the air inlet end of the fan 2. The cold air absorbs heat from the high-temperature water inside the air preheating tank 14, and the heat-absorbing air enters the vacuum phase change boiler 1 through the fan 2 to assist combustion.

[0024] Furthermore, the flue gas cooling tank 16 is connected to a condensate outlet, and the condensate generated by the flue gas cooling inside the flue gas cooling tank 16 is discharged through the condensate outlet.

[0025] Furthermore, the vacuum phase change boiler 1 is connected to a gas mixer 3 at its air inlet end, and a gas valve group 4 is connected to the gas mixer 3.

[0026] Furthermore, the gas enters the gas mixer 3 through the gas valve group 4, and the hot air enters the gas mixer 3 through the fan 2. The hot air and gas are mixed inside the gas mixer 3 and then enter the vacuum phase change boiler 1.

[0027] Furthermore, a boiler condenser 17 is installed at the outlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler 1, and a boiler heat exchanger 5 is installed on the top of the vacuum phase change boiler 1.

[0028] Furthermore, the inlet of the boiler condenser 17 is connected to a return water pipe 7, the outlet of the boiler condenser 17 is connected to the inlet of the boiler heat exchanger 5, and the outlet of the boiler heat exchanger 5 is connected to a water supply pipe 6.

[0029] Furthermore, the inlet temperature of the return water pipe 7 is 35-55℃, and the outlet temperature of the supply water pipe 6 is 55-95℃.

[0030] Furthermore, the flue gas cooling tank 16 is equipped with a condenser 9 and a generator 10. The condenser 9 is connected to the flue gas outlet and the flue gas outlet 8 of the vacuum phase change boiler 1, and the generator 10 is connected to the liquid outlet of the generator pump 13 and the liquid inlet of the evaporator pump 15.

[0031] Furthermore, the air preheating tank 14 is equipped with an evaporator 11 and an absorber 12. The evaporator 11 is connected to the liquid outlet of the evaporation pump 15 and the liquid inlet of the generator pump 13. One end of the absorber 12 is connected to cold air, and the other end of the absorber 12 is connected to the air inlet of the fan 2.

[0032] This embodiment provides an air absorption heat pump system based on deep waste heat recovery. During operation, the system utilizes the thermodynamic characteristics of "air heating leading to a decrease in water vapor partial pressure and enhanced moisture absorption capacity" to construct four core processes: 1) Generation process (heat source side): High-temperature flue gas and low-temperature condensate droplets directly contact each other for heat exchange in condenser 9. Condenser 9 is made of corrosion-resistant material. The heat released by the flue gas causes the low-temperature water to rise and become high-temperature water. The flue gas temperature decreases and partially condenses, realizing phase change heat exchange. The heated high-temperature water, as a heat carrier, enters the air preheating tank 14 through evaporation pump 15. It conducts contact heat exchange with the external cold air in the air preheating tank 14. The cold air temperature rises and becomes hot air with enhanced moisture absorption capacity, causing the high-temperature water to evaporate into low-temperature water. The hot air absorbs the water vapor generated by the evaporation of low-temperature water. Here, it absorbs the heat released by the high-temperature hot water generated from the heat of the flue gas. The low-temperature water, as a heat carrier, enters the flue gas cooling tank 16 through generator pump 13, forming a closed water circulation loop. 2) Condensation process: During the condensation process (cold source side), the low-temperature condensate after evaporation and cooling is pumped to the generator 10, and comes into direct contact with the high-temperature flue gas again. The low-temperature water droplets absorb the residual heat (including latent heat) of the flue gas and become high-temperature water, which deeply cools the flue gas to below the dew point and becomes low-temperature flue gas that is discharged into the flue gas treatment equipment. The phase change heat generation produces a large amount of condensate that collects at the bottom of the flue gas cooling tank 16. The excess is discharged, while the water droplets themselves are reheated to become high-temperature water. The heated high-temperature water is used as a heat carrier and enters the air preheating tank 14 through the evaporation pump 15, forming a closed water circulation loop. 4) The heated and humidified hot air is transported to the inlet of the fan 2 through the pipeline. At the same time, the gas enters the gas mixer 3 through the gas valve group 4. After being fully mixed with the hot air in the gas mixer 3, the gas is sent to the vacuum phase change boiler 1 for enthalpy-increasing combustion. This allows the heat recovered from the flue gas to be converted into high-temperature energy through combustion. The vacuum phase change boiler heat exchanger 5 and the tail boiler condenser 17 heat the heating circulating water, converting the recovered heat energy and humidity into the effective heat load of the boiler. The low-temperature return water from the return water pipe 7, which is below the dew point temperature, is heated and sent to the boiler heat exchanger 5. Finally, hot water at 55-95℃ is output from the water supply pipe 6 for heating or process purposes. This invention, through innovative collaboration with a vacuum hot water boiler, solves the problem of severe boiler condensation corrosion caused by the significantly increased humidity of the combustion air during the heat and mass transfer process of an air absorption heat pump, leading to a rise in dew point temperature and rendering the boiler unusable. By leveraging the advantage of indirect heat exchange between the vacuum phase change boiler 1 and the heating water, the wall temperature of the boiler's heating surface is controlled to be no lower than the dew point temperature, ensuring that condensation corrosion does not occur on the boiler's heating surface. This breaks the traditional limitation that the boiler's exhaust gas temperature must be higher than the return water temperature, achieving an exhaust gas temperature lower than the heating return water temperature. Through total heat recovery (sensible heat plus latent heat), the exhaust gas temperature is significantly reduced, achieving the technical target of heating return water temperature and exhaust gas temperature >10℃, greatly improving boiler thermal efficiency, and simultaneously achieving water conservation and synergistic reduction of pollutants.

[0033] Because cold air absorbs the latent heat of flue gas, increasing humidity and dew point temperature, and there is a possibility that droplets may be introduced into the combustion system, the vacuum phase change boiler 1, since the water used for heating does not come into contact with the boiler heat transfer surface, but transfers heat through the heat medium, can achieve a boiler heat transfer surface wall temperature higher than the dew point temperature by controlling the temperature of the heat medium. The key to preventing condensation corrosion of the boiler heating surface is to control the heat transfer coefficient by controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum phase change boiler 1.

[0034] The working fluids used in absorption heat pumps are currently lithium bromide with water and ammonia with water.

[0035] Example 2 Please see Figures 2-4 An air absorption heat pump includes a vacuum phase change boiler 1, with a fan 2 connected to the air inlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler 1 and a flue gas cooling tank 16 connected to the air outlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler 1.

[0036] Furthermore, the flue gas cooling tank 16 is connected to a flue gas outlet 8 at its outlet end, and an evaporation pump 15 is connected to the water outlet end of the flue gas cooling tank 16. The water outlet end of the evaporation pump 15 is connected to an air preheating tank 14. The evaporation pump 15 draws high-temperature water from inside the flue gas cooling tank 16 into the air preheating tank 14.

[0037] Furthermore, the outlet of the air preheating tank 14 is connected to a generating pump 13, and the outlet of the generating pump 13 is connected to the inlet of the flue gas cooling tank 16. The generating pump 13 draws low-temperature water from inside the air preheating tank 14 into the flue gas cooling tank 16 to absorb heat from the flue gas.

[0038] Furthermore, cold air enters the air preheating tank 14 at the air inlet end, and the air outlet end of the air preheating tank 14 is connected to the air inlet end of the fan 2. The cold air absorbs heat from the high-temperature water inside the air preheating tank 14, and the heat-absorbing air enters the vacuum phase change boiler 1 through the fan 2 to assist combustion.

[0039] Furthermore, the flue gas cooling tank 16 is connected to a condensate outlet, and the condensate generated by the flue gas cooling inside the flue gas cooling tank 16 is discharged through the condensate outlet.

[0040] Furthermore, the vacuum phase change boiler 1 is connected to a gas mixer 3 at its air inlet end, and a gas valve group 4 is connected to the gas mixer 3.

[0041] Furthermore, the gas enters the gas mixer 3 through the gas valve group 4, and the hot air enters the gas mixer 3 through the fan 2. The hot air and gas are mixed inside the gas mixer 3 and then enter the vacuum phase change boiler 1.

[0042] Furthermore, a boiler condenser 17 is installed at the outlet end of the vacuum phase change boiler 1, and a boiler heat exchanger 5 is installed on the top of the vacuum phase change boiler 1.

[0043] Furthermore, the inlet of the boiler condenser 17 is connected to a return water pipe 7, the outlet of the boiler condenser 17 is connected to the inlet of the boiler heat exchanger 5, and the outlet of the boiler heat exchanger 5 is connected to a water supply pipe 6.

[0044] Furthermore, the inlet temperature of the return water pipe 7 is 35-55℃, and the outlet temperature of the supply water pipe 6 is 55-95℃.

[0045] Furthermore, the flue gas cooling tank 16 is equipped with a condenser 9 and a generator 10. The condenser 9 is connected to the flue gas outlet and the flue gas outlet 8 of the vacuum phase change boiler 1, and the generator 10 is connected to the liquid outlet of the generator pump 13 and the liquid inlet of the evaporator pump 15.

[0046] Furthermore, the air preheating tank 14 is equipped with an evaporator 11 and an absorber 12. The evaporator 11 is connected to the liquid outlet of the evaporation pump 15 and the liquid inlet of the generator pump 13. One end of the absorber 12 is connected to cold air, and the other end of the absorber 12 is connected to the air inlet of the fan 2.

[0047] Furthermore, a gas control component 18 is installed at the flue gas outlet of the boiler condenser 17 and the cold air inlet of the air preheating tank 14. The gas control component 18 adjusts the flue gas discharge and cold air inlet.

[0048] Furthermore, the gas control component 18 includes a main control valve 1801, the outlet end of the main control valve 1801 is connected to an outlet pipe 1802, a gas detection module 1803 is installed on the outlet pipe 1802, the gas detection module 1803 detects the temperature and flow rate of the gas inside the outlet pipe 1802, the inlet end of the main control valve 1801 is connected to a delivery pipe 1811, the inlet end of the delivery pipe 1811 is connected to a one-way valve 1810, the inlet end of the one-way valve 1810 is connected to an inlet pipe 1809, and the inlet pipe 1809 allows flue gas or cold air to enter.

[0049] Furthermore, a bypass pipe 1808 is fixedly installed on the top of the one-way valve 1810. A connecting pipe 1805 is connected to the bypass pipe 1808 and the delivery pipe 1811. A bypass control valve 1807 is connected to the top of the bypass pipe 1808. The bypass control valve 1807 is connected to the chimney 1813. A cooling jacket 1812 is installed on the surface of the chimney 1813. The cooling jacket 1812 cools the flue gas.

[0050] Furthermore, a first electric actuator 1804 is fixedly installed on the main control valve 1801, and a second electric actuator 1806 is fixedly installed on the bypass control valve 1807. The second electric actuator 1806 opens and closes according to the opening and closing angle of the first electric actuator 1804. When the opening and closing angle of the first electric actuator 1804 increases, the opening and closing angle of the second electric actuator 1806 decreases, and when the opening and closing angle of the first electric actuator 1804 decreases, the opening and closing angle of the second electric actuator 1806 increases, thereby regulating the flow rate of flue gas and cold air.

[0051] This embodiment provides an air absorption heat pump system based on deep waste heat recovery. During operation, the system utilizes the thermodynamic characteristics of "air heating leading to a decrease in water vapor partial pressure and enhanced moisture absorption capacity" to construct four core processes: 1) Generation process (heat source side): High-temperature flue gas and low-temperature condensate droplets directly contact each other for heat exchange in condenser 9. Condenser 9 is made of corrosion-resistant material. The heat released by the flue gas causes the low-temperature water to rise and become high-temperature water. The flue gas temperature decreases and partially condenses, realizing phase change heat exchange. The heated high-temperature water, as a heat carrier, enters the air preheating tank 14 through evaporation pump 15. It conducts contact heat exchange with the external cold air in the air preheating tank 14. The cold air temperature rises and becomes hot air with enhanced moisture absorption capacity, causing the high-temperature water to evaporate into low-temperature water. The hot air absorbs the water vapor generated by the evaporation of low-temperature water. Here, it absorbs the heat released by the high-temperature hot water generated from the heat of the flue gas. The low-temperature water, as a heat carrier, enters the flue gas cooling tank 16 through generator pump 13, forming a closed water circulation loop. 2) Condensation process: During the condensation process (cold source side), the low-temperature condensate after evaporation and cooling is pumped to the generator 10, and comes into direct contact with the high-temperature flue gas again. The low-temperature water droplets absorb the residual heat (including latent heat) of the flue gas and become high-temperature water, which deeply cools the flue gas to below the dew point and becomes low-temperature flue gas that is discharged into the flue gas treatment equipment. The phase change heat generation produces a large amount of condensate that collects at the bottom of the flue gas cooling tank 16. The excess is discharged, while the water droplets themselves are reheated to become high-temperature water. The heated high-temperature water is used as a heat carrier and enters the air preheating tank 14 through the evaporation pump 15, forming a closed water circulation loop. 4) The heated and humidified hot air is transported to the inlet of the fan 2 through the pipeline. At the same time, the gas enters the gas mixer 3 through the gas valve group 4. After being fully mixed with the hot air in the gas mixer 3, the gas is sent to the vacuum phase change boiler 1 for enthalpy-increasing combustion. This allows the heat recovered from the flue gas to be converted into high-temperature energy through combustion. The vacuum phase change boiler heat exchanger 5 and the tail boiler condenser 17 heat the heating circulating water, converting the recovered heat energy and humidity into the effective heat load of the boiler. The low-temperature return water from the return water pipe 7, which is below the dew point temperature, is heated and sent to the boiler heat exchanger 5. Finally, hot water at 55-95℃ is output from the water supply pipe 6 for heating or process purposes. This invention, through innovative collaboration with a vacuum hot water boiler, solves the problem of severe boiler condensation corrosion caused by the significantly increased humidity of the combustion air during the heat and mass transfer process of an air absorption heat pump, leading to a rise in dew point temperature and rendering the boiler unusable. By leveraging the advantage of indirect heat exchange between the vacuum phase change boiler 1 and the heating water, the wall temperature of the boiler's heating surface is controlled to be no lower than the dew point temperature, ensuring that condensation corrosion does not occur on the boiler's heating surface. This breaks the traditional limitation that the boiler's exhaust gas temperature must be higher than the return water temperature, achieving an exhaust gas temperature lower than the heating return water temperature. Through total heat recovery (sensible heat plus latent heat), the exhaust gas temperature is significantly reduced, achieving the technical target of heating return water temperature and exhaust gas temperature >10℃, greatly improving boiler thermal efficiency, and simultaneously achieving water conservation and synergistic reduction of pollutants.

[0052] Because cold air absorbs the latent heat of flue gas, increasing humidity and dew point temperature, and there is a possibility that droplets may be introduced into the combustion system, the vacuum phase change boiler 1, since the water used for heating does not come into contact with the boiler heat transfer surface, but transfers heat through the heat medium, can achieve a boiler heat transfer surface wall temperature higher than the dew point temperature by controlling the temperature of the heat medium. The key to preventing condensation corrosion of the boiler heating surface is to control the heat transfer coefficient by controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum phase change boiler 1.

[0053] When the gas control component 18 is working, it regulates the amount of flue gas and cooling air entering the system to achieve thermal balance and combustion optimization. During its operation, low-temperature flue gas from the boiler condenser 17 or cold air from the external environment enters the gas control component 18 through the inlet pipe 1809. First, it passes through the check valve 1810 to prevent backflow of the gas flow, and then enters the delivery pipe 1811 and flows to the main control valve 1801. The main control valve 1801 is driven by the first electric actuator 1804, which adjusts the opening degree in real time according to the system load, flue gas temperature or preheating air demand to control the flow rate of the main gas.

[0054] The working fluids used in absorption heat pumps are currently lithium bromide with water and ammonia with water.

[0055] The gas enters the outlet pipe 1802 after passing through the main control valve 1801. During this process, the integrated gas detection module 1803 monitors the gas temperature and flow rate in real time and feeds the data back to the control system for closed-loop regulation.

[0056] Meanwhile, a bypass circuit is formed between the bypass pipe 1808 leading out from the top of the one-way valve 1810 and the delivery pipe 1811 through the connecting pipe 1805. The end of the bypass pipe 1808 is connected to the bypass control valve 1807, which is driven by the second electric actuator 1806 and linked with the first electric actuator 1804. When the opening of the first electric actuator 1804 increases, the second electric actuator 1806 automatically decreases the opening to reduce the bypass flow. Conversely, when the main line demand decreases, the bypass opening increases to guide the excess gas to the chimney 1813. When the exhaust gas flows in the chimney 1813, the cooling jacket 1812 wrapped around its outer wall can assist in cooling the high-temperature exhaust gas, further recovering waste heat or controlling the emission temperature.

[0057] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air absorption heat pump, comprising a vacuum phase change boiler (1), characterized in that: The vacuum phase change boiler (1) has a fan (2) connected to its air inlet end and a flue gas cooling tank (16) connected to its air outlet end. The flue gas cooling tank (16) has a flue gas outlet (8) at the gas outlet end and an evaporation pump (15) at the water outlet end. The evaporation pump (15) has an air preheating tank (14) at the water outlet end. The evaporation pump (15) draws high-temperature water from inside the flue gas cooling tank (16) into the air preheating tank (14). The air preheating tank (14) is connected to a generating pump (13) at its outlet. The outlet of the generating pump (13) is connected to the inlet of the flue gas cooling tank (16). The generating pump (13) draws low-temperature water from the air preheating tank (14) into the flue gas cooling tank (16) to absorb heat from the flue gas. Cold air enters the air preheating tank (14) at the air inlet end, and the air outlet end of the air preheating tank (14) is connected to the air inlet end of the fan (2). The cold air absorbs heat from the high-temperature water inside the air preheating tank (14), and the heated air enters the vacuum phase change boiler (1) through the fan (2) to assist combustion.

2. The air absorption heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum phase change boiler (1) has a gas mixer (3) connected to its air inlet end, and a gas valve group (4) is connected to the gas mixer (3).

3. An air absorption heat pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: Gas enters the gas mixer (3) through the gas valve group (4), and hot air enters the gas mixer (3) through the fan (2). The hot air and gas are mixed inside the gas mixer (3) and then enter the vacuum phase change boiler (1).

4. An air absorption heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum phase change boiler (1) is equipped with a boiler condenser (17) at the outlet end, and a boiler heat exchanger (5) is installed on the top of the vacuum phase change boiler (1).

5. An air absorption heat pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: The boiler condenser (17) has a return water pipe (7) connected to its inlet end, and the boiler condenser (17) has a water outlet end connected to the boiler heat exchanger (5) inlet end. The boiler heat exchanger (5) has a water supply pipe (6) connected to its outlet end.

6. An air absorption heat pump according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inlet temperature of the return water pipe (7) is 35-55℃, and the outlet temperature of the supply water pipe (6) is 55-95℃.

7. An air absorption heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas cooling tank (16) is equipped with a condenser (9) and a generator (10). The condenser (9) is connected to the flue gas outlet and the flue gas outlet (8) of the vacuum phase change boiler (1). The generator (10) is connected to the liquid outlet of the generator pump (13) and the liquid inlet of the evaporator pump (15).

8. An air absorption heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air preheating tank (14) is equipped with an evaporator (11) and an absorber (12). The evaporator (11) is connected to the liquid outlet of the evaporation pump (15) and the liquid inlet of the generator pump (13). One end of the absorber (12) is connected to cold air, and the other end of the absorber (12) is connected to the air inlet of the fan (2).

9. An air absorption heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: Gas control components (18) are installed at the flue gas outlet of the boiler condenser (17) and the cold air inlet of the air preheater (14). The gas control components (18) regulate the flue gas discharge and cold air inlet.

10. An air absorption heat pump according to claim 9, characterized in that: The gas control component (18) includes a main control valve (1801), the outlet end of the main control valve (1801) is connected to an outlet pipe (1802), a gas detection module (1803) is installed on the outlet pipe (1802), the gas detection module (1803) detects the temperature and flow rate of the gas inside the outlet pipe (1802), the inlet end of the main control valve (1801) is connected to a delivery pipe (1811), the inlet end of the delivery pipe (1811) is connected to a one-way valve (1810), the inlet end of the one-way valve (1810) is connected to an inlet pipe (1809), and the inlet pipe (1809) allows flue gas or cold air to enter. A bypass pipe (1808) is fixedly installed on the top of the one-way valve (1810). A connecting pipe (1805) is connected to the bypass pipe (1808) and the delivery pipe (1811). A bypass control valve (1807) is connected to the top of the bypass pipe (1808). The bypass control valve (1807) is connected to the chimney (1813). A cooling jacket (1812) is installed on the surface of the chimney (1813). The cooling jacket (1812) cools the flue gas. A first electric actuator (1804) is fixedly installed on the main control valve (1801), and a second electric actuator (1806) is fixedly installed on the bypass control valve (1807). The second electric actuator (1806) opens and closes according to the opening and closing angle of the first electric actuator (1804). When the opening and closing angle of the first electric actuator (1804) increases, the opening and closing angle of the second electric actuator (1806) decreases, and when the opening and closing angle of the first electric actuator (1804) decreases, the opening and closing angle of the second electric actuator (1806) increases, so as to regulate the flow rate of flue gas and cold air.

Images