A vibration measurement system and method in a process of logging while drilling

Abstract

A vibration measurement system and method for logging while drilling, belonging to the field of oil and gas drilling engineering technology and equipment, includes: a microcontroller for acquiring acceleration signals detected by an accelerometer, processing the data, and storing it in a Flash memory module, and communicating with a host computer via a communication interface; a power supply module for powering the entire system; an accelerometer for measuring the vibration experienced by the drilling equipment during logging while drilling and transmitting the detected acceleration signals to the microcontroller; a Flash memory module for storing the measured acceleration data and other important information; and a communication interface for enabling data communication between the microcontroller and the host computer. This invention allows for use in high-temperature drilling environments, expanding the system's application range; it possesses sufficient stability and anti-interference capabilities, effectively coping with complex downhole environments; and it enables efficient and stable data storage and transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas drilling engineering technology and equipment, specifically relating to a vibration measurement system and method during logging while drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas drilling, drilling operations often face a variety of challenges, such as formation inhomogeneity, drilling tool wear, and wellbore instability. These problems not only affect drilling efficiency but can also lead to equipment damage and safety accidents.

[0003] Vibration is a common phenomenon during drilling, and its nature and intensity are crucial to the success of the operation. Excessive vibration can cause drill string fatigue, breakage, and even affect the integrity of the wellbore. Therefore, real-time vibration monitoring is key to improving drilling safety and efficiency. To address these challenges, vibration measurement while drilling (MWD) technology has emerged. This technology can monitor and analyze vibration in real time during drilling, helping operators make timely adjustments and optimize drilling operations.

[0004] With the continuous development of sensor technology, data acquisition technology, and signal processing algorithms, vibration measurement while drilling (MWD) technology has become increasingly mature. Today, this technology has become an indispensable part of modern drilling operations and is widely used in oil and gas field drilling.

[0005] Although advancements in sensor technology have improved vibration measurement accuracy, the performance of existing vibration sensors may degrade under extreme environmental conditions, such as deep wells, high-temperature or high-pressure formations, thus affecting the accuracy of measurement results. During drilling operations, vibration signals are often accompanied by various noise sources, such as mechanical noise, fluid noise, and electromagnetic interference. These noises often superimpose on the vibration signals, leading to signal confusion and increasing the difficulty of accurately interpreting vibration information. Furthermore, in deep wells or high-temperature environments, the batteries or energy systems required for drilling tools are susceptible to environmental factors, resulting in shortened battery life or insufficient power, which in turn affects the continuous operation of the measurement system. Although battery technology has improved in recent years, it still cannot fully meet the long-term stable power supply requirements under complex environments such as high temperature and high pressure. These factors all pose challenges to the reliability and stability of vibration measurement while drilling (MWD) technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a vibration measurement system and method for logging while drilling (LWD). The vibration measurement system and method provided by this invention primarily utilize a dedicated high-sensitivity accelerometer to measure the number of vibrations exceeding a certain acceleration value experienced by the drill collar of the LWD instrument, and periodically transmits the cumulative vibration count to the surface. Drilling engineers can use this measurement data to prevent mechanical damage to the drill string; under very poor drilling conditions, drilling and LWD engineers also use this data to prevent premature damage to the LWD instrument and to develop instrument maintenance plans.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0008] This invention provides a vibration measurement system for logging while drilling, which mainly includes:

[0009] The microcontroller is used to acquire the acceleration signals detected by the accelerometer, process the data, store the data in the Flash memory module, and realize data communication with the host computer through the communication interface.

[0010] The power module, connected to the microcontroller, is used to power the entire system.

[0011] An accelerometer connected to a microcontroller is used to measure the vibration experienced by drilling equipment during logging-while-drilling and to transmit the detected acceleration signal to the microcontroller.

[0012] A Flash memory module connected to a microcontroller; used to store measured acceleration data and other important information;

[0013] The communication interface, which connects to the microcontroller, is used to enable data communication between the microcontroller and the host computer.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the power module mainly consists of a DC-DC power supply, a low-dropout linear regulator, and a filter circuit.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the accelerometer is an ADXL357 accelerometer.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the microcontroller is an STM32 microcontroller.

[0017] In one preferred embodiment, the communication interface includes a 485 interface and a CAN interface.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the 485 interface is suitable for long-distance communication.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the CAN interface is suitable for multi-node communication in industrial environments.

[0020] The present invention provides a vibration measurement method for logging-while-drilling (LWD) using a vibration measurement system described above, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] Step S1: System initialization;

[0022] After the system is powered on, system initialization is performed first;

[0023] Step S2: Determine if connected to the PC;

[0024] Then, the system determines whether to establish a connection with the PC and starts a timer. If a host computer instruction is received before the timer is interrupted, the system is in communication with the PC, waiting to receive host computer instructions and send data. The instruction flag is checked to perform necessary operations. Otherwise, the system will enter the downhole working state, i.e., the data fast sampling and storage mode.

[0025] Step S3: Rapid data sampling and storage;

[0026] After the system connects to the PC, it uses an accelerometer to detect acceleration signals and transmits them to the microcontroller. The microcontroller then uses the collected real-time data to determine the current system operating status and the data storage frequency. At the same time, the microcontroller reads the RTCC, encapsulates the current time and data, and finally stores it in a large-capacity Flash memory module via the SPI protocol. The data stored downhole is read after the drilling is pulled out.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the system initialization includes: system clock configuration, CAN bus initialization, IO resource allocation, and timer initialization.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the necessary operations include: reading data, modifying the system clock, and initializing the storage address, and then ending; after reading the data, the data can be transmitted through the CAN interface in the communication interface. If the transmission is completed, the process ends directly; if the transmission is not completed, the process returns to read the data again and transmits the data again through the CAN interface in the communication interface until the process ends.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0030] The present invention provides a vibration measurement system and method for logging while drilling, which uses a dedicated accelerometer to measure the number of vibrations that the drill collar of the logging while drilling instrument experiences when the acceleration exceeds a certain value, and transmits the cumulative number of vibrations to the ground at regular intervals.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention provides a vibration measurement system and method for logging while drilling, which can be used in high temperature (150 degrees) drilling environment, thus expanding the scope of application of the system.

[0033] 2. The vibration measurement system and method provided by this invention during logging while drilling have sufficient stability and anti-interference ability, which can effectively cope with the complex environment downhole, avoid interference from factors such as formation inhomogeneity, drilling tool wear, and wellbore instability, ensure drilling efficiency, protect equipment from damage, and improve equipment safety.

[0034] 3. The vibration measurement system and method provided by the present invention during logging while drilling can achieve efficient and stable data storage and transmission, and improve the safety and efficiency of drilling operations by real-time monitoring of logging while drilling vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This invention provides a structural block diagram of a vibration measurement system during logging while drilling.

[0036] Figure 2 This invention provides a flowchart of a vibration measurement method during logging while drilling.

[0037] Figure 3 The circuit diagram of the power module for a vibration measurement method during logging while drilling provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vibration measurement system for logging while drilling.

[0040] See Figure 1 As described above, the vibration measurement system provided by this invention during logging-while-drilling mainly includes the following modules:

[0041] The system includes a power supply module, an accelerometer, a microcontroller, a Flash memory module, and a communication interface. The power supply module, accelerometer, Flash memory module, and communication interface are all connected to the microcontroller.

[0042] In this invention, the power supply section is implemented by a power module. The power module is mainly used to supply power to the entire system, providing a stable power supply for the entire system.

[0043] Specifically, the power supply module in this invention mainly consists of a DC-DC power supply, a low dropout regulator (LDO), and a filter circuit to ensure stable voltage and current, avoiding the impact of power fluctuations on system measurement results. In this power supply module, the microcontroller controls the gate of the MOSFET via GPIO. When the MOSFET is turned on, the entire power supply module is started, and current flows from the 30V power supply to the high-temperature resistant DC-DC converter. The DC-DC converter chip converts the externally input 30V high-voltage power supply into +12V and ±5V voltages, with the +5V supplying the LDO linear regulator as input. The LDO regulator further converts the +5V voltage into the low-ripple 3.3V output voltage required by the system to support the stable operation of subsequent circuits.

[0044] The power module in this invention can adapt to various working environments, effectively ensuring that the system can work normally under extreme conditions such as high temperature and high pressure.

[0045] In this invention, the accelerometer is mainly used to measure the vibration of drilling equipment during logging while drilling, and transmits the detected acceleration signal to the microcontroller for further processing.

[0046] Specifically, the ADXL357 accelerometer can be selected. The ADXL357 accelerometer is a triaxial accelerometer that provides high-precision acceleration data and has advantages such as low noise, high dynamic range and low power consumption. It is suitable for real-time vibration monitoring and can capture rapidly changing acceleration signals.

[0047] In this invention, the microcontroller serves as the main control chip, primarily used to receive acceleration signals from the accelerometer and process the received acceleration signals, while also performing data acquisition, processing, storage, and communication control functions.

[0048] Specifically, the microcontroller can be an STM32 microcontroller, which has strong computing power and rich peripheral interfaces, can effectively manage various parts of the system, and can communicate with other devices through the communication interface.

[0049] In this invention, the Flash storage module is a Flash storage unit of the microcontroller peripheral, mainly used to store the measured acceleration data and other important information for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0050] The Flash storage module in this invention is non-volatile, ensuring that data can be retained even when power is off. The Flash storage module also features large capacity and fast read / write speeds, enabling real-time storage of large amounts of measurement data during logging-while-drilling.

[0051] In this invention, the communication interfaces mainly include a 485 interface and a CAN interface. The 485 interface and the CAN interface are mainly used to realize data communication between the microcontroller and the host computer.

[0052] The 485 interface in this invention is suitable for long-distance communication, while the CAN interface is suitable for multi-node communication in industrial environments.

[0053] This invention provides a reliable data transmission method through the 485 interface and CAN interface, enabling real-time data transmission and remote monitoring, and ensuring the efficiency and stability of the system.

[0054] The present invention provides a vibration measurement system for logging while drilling, in which a microcontroller acquires acceleration signals detected by a high-sensitivity accelerometer, processes the data internally and stores it in a Flash memory module, and finally communicates with a host computer through a 485 interface and / or a CAN interface to realize data communication between the microcontroller and the host computer; in addition, the microcontroller controls the power supply module by controlling the MOSFET through its built-in GPIO pins.

[0055] Secondly, the present invention provides a vibration measurement method during logging while drilling, which is mainly implemented by a vibration measurement system during logging while drilling provided in the first aspect.

[0056] See Figure 2 The present invention provides a vibration measurement method during logging while drilling, the specific implementation process of which is as follows:

[0057] Step S1: System initialization;

[0058] After the system is powered on, system initialization is required first. System initialization includes system clock configuration, CAN bus initialization, IO resource allocation, timer initialization, etc.

[0059] Step S2: Determine if connected to the PC;

[0060] The system will then determine whether to establish a connection with the PC and start a timer. If a host computer instruction is received before the timer is interrupted, the system will be in communication with the PC, waiting to receive host computer instructions and send data. The system will also check the instruction flag and perform necessary operations. Otherwise, it will enter the downhole working state, i.e., the data fast sampling and storage mode.

[0061] The necessary operations include: reading data, modifying the system clock, and initializing the storage address, then ending. After reading the data, it can be transmitted via the CAN interface in the communication interface. If the transmission is complete, the process ends directly; if the transmission is incomplete, it returns to read the data again and re-transmits the data via the CAN interface in the communication interface until the process ends.

[0062] Step S3: Rapid data sampling and storage;

[0063] After the system connects to the PC, it uses an accelerometer to detect acceleration signals and transmits them to the microcontroller. The microcontroller then uses the collected real-time data to determine the current system operating status and the data storage frequency. At the same time, the microcontroller reads the RTCC (Real-Time Clock), encapsulates the current time and data, and finally stores it in a large-capacity Flash memory module via the SPI protocol. The data stored downhole is then read after the drilling is completed.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration measurement system for logging while drilling, characterized in that, include: The microcontroller is used to acquire the acceleration signals detected by the accelerometer, process the data, store the data in the Flash memory module, and realize data communication with the host computer through the communication interface. The power module, connected to the microcontroller, is used to power the entire system. An accelerometer connected to a microcontroller is used to measure the vibration experienced by drilling equipment during logging-while-drilling and to transmit the detected acceleration signal to the microcontroller. A Flash memory module connected to a microcontroller; used to store measured acceleration data and other important information; The communication interface, which connects to the microcontroller, is used to enable data communication between the microcontroller and the host computer.

2. The vibration measurement system during logging while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module mainly consists of a DC-DC power supply, a low-dropout linear regulator, and a filter circuit.

3. The vibration measurement system during logging while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The accelerometer used is the ADXL357 accelerometer.

4. The vibration measurement system during logging while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller used is an STM32 microcontroller.

5. The vibration measurement system during logging while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication interfaces include a 485 interface and a CAN interface.

6. The vibration measurement system during logging while drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that, The 485 interface is suitable for long-distance communication.

7. The vibration measurement system during logging while drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that, The CAN interface is suitable for multi-node communication in industrial environments.

8. A vibration measurement method during logging-while-drilling implemented using a vibration measurement system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: System initialization; After the system is powered on, system initialization is performed first; Step S2: Determine if connected to the PC; Then, the system determines whether to establish a connection with the PC and starts a timer. If a host computer instruction is received before the timer is interrupted, the system is in communication with the PC, waiting to receive host computer instructions and send data. The instruction flag is checked to perform necessary operations. Otherwise, the system will enter the downhole working state, i.e., the data fast sampling and storage mode. Step S3: Rapid data sampling and storage; After the system connects to the PC, it uses an accelerometer to detect acceleration signals and transmits them to the microcontroller. The microcontroller then uses the collected real-time data to determine the current system operating status and the data storage frequency. At the same time, the microcontroller reads the RTCC, encapsulates the current time and data, and finally stores it in a large-capacity Flash memory module via the SPI protocol. The data stored downhole is read after the drilling is pulled out.

9. A vibration measurement method during logging while drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that, The system initialization includes: system clock configuration, CAN bus initialization, IO resource allocation, and timer initialization.

10. A vibration measurement method during logging while drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that, The necessary operations include: reading data, modifying the system clock, and initializing the storage address, and then ending. After reading the data, the data can be transmitted through the CAN interface in the communication interface. If the transmission is completed, the process ends directly. If the transmission is not completed, the process returns to read the data again and transmits the data again through the CAN interface in the communication interface until the process ends.

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