Monitoring system and method for monitoring a battery

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a monitoring system and method for monitoring a battery. The invention relates to a monitoring system (500) for monitoring a battery comprising a battery cell (108). The monitoring system comprises a multi-sensing vision device (100) attachable to a housing (104) of the battery cell. The multi-sensing vision device is configured to measure a plurality of properties related to the battery cell and to optically indicate the plurality of measured properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a monitoring system for monitoring individual battery cells, a battery storage device for battery devices, a method for monitoring battery devices, and the use of self-supporting films, self-supporting adhesives, and / or coatings as multi-sensor vision devices in a monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to lithium-ion battery-based systems, UPS systems based on lead-acid and Ni-Zn batteries typically use less sophisticated battery management systems and often lack monitoring of battery cells and individual units. Investigating the root cause of accidents and failures is both time-consuming and costly. Abnormal batteries can cause the entire battery rack to fail, and potential hazards remain even after the failure. The lack of battery status information makes it difficult to understand the correct procedures for handling damaged battery racks in the event of a fire. Summary of the Invention

[0003] It is desirable to provide a monitoring system for batteries, such as water-based batteries like lead-acid and Ni-Zn batteries.

[0004] This problem is addressed by the subject matter of the independent claims. Embodiments are provided in the dependent claims, the following description, and the accompanying drawings.

[0005] The described embodiments similarly relate to monitoring systems for monitoring individual battery cells, battery storage devices for battery devices, methods for monitoring battery devices, and the use of self-supporting films, self-supporting adhesives, and / or coatings as multi-sensor vision devices in monitoring systems. Although not described in detail, different combinations of embodiments can produce synergistic effects.

[0006] Furthermore, it should be noted that all embodiments of the present invention relating to the method can be performed in the described order of steps; however, this is not the only or necessary order of the steps. Unless the opposite is explicitly mentioned below, the method proposed herein can be performed in an alternative order of the disclosed steps without departing from the respective method embodiments.

[0007] Technical terms are used based on common sense. If a specific meaning is conveyed to certain terms, the definition of the term will be given below in the context of their use.

[0008] According to a first aspect, a monitoring system is provided for monitoring a battery device including individual battery cells. The monitoring system includes a multi-sensor vision device attachable to a housing of the individual battery cells; wherein the multi-sensor vision device is configured to measure multiple characteristics associated with the individual battery cells and optically indicate the multiple measured characteristics.

[0009] The monitoring system in this regard does not include individual battery cells, but is essentially composed of multi-sensor vision devices based on this aspect.

[0010] The phrase "characteristics related to a battery cell" is used to describe, more precisely, that characteristic may also include parameters sensed on the surface of the battery cell, including, for example, ambient air near the surface in contact with a multi-sensor vision device.

[0011] The term "multi-sensor" refers to the ability of a multi-sensor device to sense multiple characteristics of a battery.

[0012] According to a second aspect, a monitoring system is provided for monitoring a battery device including a plurality of battery cells in a battery storage device. The monitoring system includes a plurality of multi-sensor vision devices, each of which is associated with one of the plurality of battery cells, and each of the plurality of multi-sensor vision devices is attachable to a housing of the battery storage device.

[0013] Each of the multi-sensor vision devices is configured to measure multiple characteristics associated with one of the multiple battery cells and to optically indicate the multiple measured characteristics.

[0014] The difference between these two aspects is that, according to the second aspect, multiple battery cells are monitored by corresponding multiple multi-sensor visual devices, and the multi-sensor visual devices can be attached to the housing of the battery storage device, rather than being attached to the battery cells.

[0015] Of course, the first aspect also allows for battery storage devices comprising multiple battery cells, wherein multiple multi-sensor vision devices can be attached to corresponding associated battery cells. The term "associated" refers to a one-to-one correspondence between a battery cell and the multi-sensor vision device monitoring that battery cell.

[0016] In this disclosure, the terms "battery cell" and "multiple battery cells" arranged in a battery storage device are also combined to form the term "battery device". Therefore, "battery device" refers to both a single battery cell and the multiple battery cells. A battery cell includes one or more battery units or "batteries" and has a housing.

[0017] In embodiments, the multi-sensor vision device either does not include electronic components or includes only a few electronic devices for measurement, which cannot be measured purely mechanically, physically, or chemically without electronic devices, or can only be measured purely mechanically, physically, or chemically at high intensity. That is, the characteristics of the battery device can preferably be measured chemically, mechanically, and / or physically without the use of a power source or any electronic circuitry, and can be indicated without the use of electronic devices such as displays. Preferably, the support material of the multi-sensor vision device is based on paper and / or plastic or another suitable material. For example, the support material is a flat nylon mesh forming strips of paper that is prepared to be chemically sensitive.

[0018] As defined above, a battery device can be a single battery cell or a cluster of battery cells. Therefore, the housing of a battery device can be a housing of a single battery cell or a housing of a cluster, which can be, for example, a cabinet or rack, wherein the individual cells are held or mounted to the structure of the cabinet or rack, or simply a housing containing the battery cells.

[0019] The term "visual" refers to the fact that measurement results can be read optically, for example, through encoding such as color, turbidity, pattern, scale, brightness, numbers, text, movable bars, etc.

[0020] "Attachable" means that the multi-sensor vision device can preferably be glued or pasted to the housing, but other suitable fixing methods can also be used. For example, if the multi-sensor vision device includes a bracket or slide-in bracket, and the housing of the battery unit is a cabinet, the bracket can also be screwed to the cabinet. Optionally, the housing may include a structure that houses the multi-sensor vision device or a bracket for the multi-sensor vision device. In the second aspect, the multi-sensor vision device can be attached to a location inside the battery storage device, such as on the inside of a cabinet door.

[0021] The term "monitoring" refers to continuous and / or repeated measurement and optical indication of results. These results can be directly optically indicated to a user or operator, or the optical indication can be sensed by an optical sensor, such as a camera, allowing the user to indirectly obtain information about individual results or the results of evaluation or processing, such as a summary of a single result. Examples using optical sensors are further described below.

[0022] In this way, a low-cost monitoring system is provided for monitoring and recording the operating history of UPS batteries, particularly lead-acid and Ni-Zn batteries, and for interpreting the actual battery status.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the characteristics of one or more battery cells are represented by diagnostic parameters used to diagnose the condition of one or more battery cells.

[0024] In other words, the purpose of monitoring is to monitor the condition of the battery. For this purpose, appropriate measurable parameters for diagnostic purposes are used.

[0025] According to one embodiment, the multi-sensor vision device is a self-standing film, a self-standing adhesive, and / or a coating.

[0026] Therefore, the logistics of providing such multi-sensor vision devices are low, multi-sensor vision devices are not expensive, can be readily available on the market, and are easy to attach, but still have a significant impact on the safe operation and storage of batteries.

[0027] According to one embodiment, a multi-sensor vision device includes a plurality of monitoring blocks corresponding to measurement parameters for indicating characteristics of one or more measurements.

[0028] The monitoring block can also be viewed as an independent area of ​​a multi-sensor vision device, with each monitoring block being suitable for measuring specific characteristics of the associated battery cell.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the multiple measured properties are any combination of two or more of the following chemical and physical properties:

[0030] Zn concentration,

[0031] Oxygen evolution from side reactions: whether the presence of H2 and / or the O2 content is higher than the typical content in air.

[0032] humidity,

[0033] pH value,

[0034] Lead concentration,

[0035] Nickel concentration,

[0036] Different crystals exist, typically white, and these crystals are produced by side reactions or dried in the electrolyte, such as lead sulfate in lead-acid batteries, or potassium carbonate, zinc-based crystals, and nickel-based crystals in Ni-Zn batteries. Examples include: white powdery carbonate (K₂CO₃), which reacts with CO₂ in the air as KOH; white or yellow zinc oxide (ZnO), which is produced by the degradation of zinc electrodes; and white zinc hydroxide (Zn(OH)₂), which is produced by the reaction with OH⁻. - Local reactions of ions produce: crystalline potassium zincate (K2Zn(OH)4), which is produced by the combination of zinc and basic ions; nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2), in which nickel compounds typically have different colors, such as Ni(OH)2 being green and NiO(OH) being brown or black.

[0037] Maximum battery temperature, and

[0038] Deformation of the casing of the battery cell.

[0039] In other words, the number of monitoring blocks is at least two. Therefore, the monitoring blocks are configured to record at least two different battery information regarding the states the battery is experiencing. The list given in this embodiment includes possible characteristics that can be detected by the monitoring blocks included in the vision device. Therefore, the vision device includes at least two monitoring blocks, each measuring and indicating one of the characteristics listed above, and each monitoring block is distinct from the others.

[0040] For example, chemical parameters can be measured by analyzing the liquids or gases escaping from the battery cells. Physical parameters, such as the degree of battery swelling, humidity, or temperature, can be measured, for example, preferably mechanically or by using simple electronic circuitry, or, where appropriate, by using a chemical detector. The highest temperature can be the highest temperature reached since the corresponding monitoring module began measuring. Other solutions are also possible.

[0041] According to one embodiment, the monitoring system further includes an optical system with a transmitter and a processing device. The optical system is configured to capture images from multiple sensing vision devices and uses the transmitter to transmit the captured images of the monitoring block to the processing device, and the processing device is configured to receive the images and evaluate the images relative to multiple characteristics of the battery cell.

[0042] An electro-optical system can generally be, for example, a camera or an electro-optical sensor. The evaluation is based on multiple characteristics of the individual battery cells visible in the image. That is, the processing device uses all characteristics, rather than a single characteristic, to determine the condition of the battery cell. The transmitter can be a wired or wireless transmitter, which preferably transmits image data according to a standard protocol.

[0043] According to one embodiment, the monitoring system further includes a controller. The processing device is configured to generate a command or signal based on the evaluation and send the command or signal to the controller for inducing an output action or control action on at least one battery cell.

[0044] In other words, the controller is configured to be triggered by commands or signals received from the processing device to perform output or control actions on at least one battery cell.

[0045] Depending on the type of controller, such as digital or analog, the processing device sends commands or signals to the controller. For example, the controller could be a driver that generates signals for output devices, such as generating optical or acoustic alarms or sending messages to the operator—also referred to herein as "output actions"—or it could be switching off one or more battery cells, or taking any other action if an assessment has revealed, for example, that a threshold has been exceeded or a certain state level has been reached. The monitoring system may also include storage for recording any data, such as raw data, assessment results, etc. The stored historical data can be used for, for example, documentation purposes, or as input to estimate or predict the state of battery cells. The processing device can also use the assessment results to instruct maintenance actions.

[0046] This assessment can be performed using software running on a processor, capable of associating values ​​with parameters such as color, size, pattern, or any other optical properties. These values ​​can be quantitative indicators of the measured characteristics, such as pH, temperature, substance concentration, etc., or they can be binary values ​​or values ​​with discrete levels indicating "normal," "warning," "abnormal," "dangerous," etc. Furthermore, the assessment may include steps of applying algorithms and / or artificial intelligence to determine the battery's state based on a function that depends on variables representing the measured characteristics being assessed. That is, the state of a single battery cell is determined based on a combination of measured characteristics represented by assessment parameters, and predictions of the state or behavior of a single battery cell can also be performed using combinations of these parameters.

[0047] According to one embodiment, one or more battery cells include an aqueous battery, preferably a Ni-Zn or lead-acid battery (108), for use in uninterruptible power systems (UPS), energy storage systems (ESS), or battery energy storage systems (BESS) applications.

[0048] According to another aspect, a battery storage device for a battery device is provided, the battery device including a monitoring system as disclosed herein.

[0049] The battery unit can be a battery unit for UPS cabinets, ESS cabinets or BESS cabinets.

[0050] For at least some of the characteristics described above, multi-sensor vision devices do not necessarily have to be directly attached to the battery. For example, this applies to factors such as temperature or humidity near the battery cell, or the concentration of gaseous particles.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the battery storage device has a door and / or wall including one or more windows to provide visibility for multi-sensor vision devices.

[0052] A single window can be large enough to provide visibility to all multi-sensor vision devices, or there can be several windows, each providing visibility to one or more multi-sensor vision devices. Alternatively or additionally, the sides can be open, making the multi-sensor vision devices visible. Open areas are also defined herein as “windows.” Alternatively or additionally, the multi-sensor vision devices are attached to the housing of the battery cell and are visible when the door is opened. Other solutions are also possible, such as movable sidewalls or portions of sidewalls.

[0053] According to another aspect, a method for monitoring a battery device is provided. The method includes the following steps:

[0054] A monitoring system is provided having a multi-sensor vision device as described herein, wherein the multi-sensor vision device is attached to the housing of a battery device, the multi-sensor vision device measures multiple characteristics of the battery device, and the multi-sensor vision device optically indicates the measured characteristics.

[0055] A battery device can consist of one or more battery cells.

[0056] According to one embodiment, the method further includes the steps of: capturing images of a multi-sensor vision device by an optical device and transmitting the captured images of the monitoring block to a processing device; receiving the captured images of the monitoring block by the processing device, evaluating the characteristics of the battery cell relative to the image, generating a command or signal based on the evaluation, sending the command or signal to a controller, and causing an output action or control action on at least one battery cell.

[0057] This assessment is based on the characteristics of combining at least two monitoring blocks.

[0058] The assessment may also include the following steps: interpreting or estimating the actual battery state. Interpreting the actual battery state may include classifying the state into state levels, such as normal, warning, abnormal, dangerous, etc.

[0059] The assessment may also include the following steps: predicting the state of the battery.

[0060] The interpretation and prediction of states can be performed using algorithms, which may include machine learning models and algorithms that use neural networks.

[0061] According to one embodiment, the method further includes the step of recording the battery operation history of a single battery cell.

[0062] Battery operating history can include raw data or the results of measured evaluations.

[0063] In other words, the workflow for rapid diagnostics and battery classification can be defined and executed by combining all parameters from different monitoring blocks to assess battery status and condition. Recording battery operation history allows for the interpretation of these values ​​using older parameter values, comparison of parameter values ​​between different battery cells, where deviations can indicate poor condition of battery cells and be used for predictive maintenance. Furthermore, recording battery operation history and indicating battery status allows for predictive maintenance before incidents and troubleshooting after incidents. Therefore, the safety and reliability of battery storage devices, such as those in UPS cabinets, are improved.

[0064] According to another aspect, self-standing films, self-standing adhesives, and / or coatings are provided for use in multi-sensor vision devices, such as for monitoring battery devices in monitoring systems as described herein.

[0065] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the invention will become better understood with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the chemical background of the Ni-Zn battery is shown.

[0067] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a monitoring system with multiple vision sensors is shown.

[0068] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a battery cell with multiple vision sensors is shown.

[0069] Figure 4a A first schematic diagram of a cabinet with multi-sensor vision devices is shown.

[0070] Figure 4b A second schematic diagram of a cabinet with multi-sensor vision devices is shown.

[0071] Figure 4c A third schematic diagram of a cabinet with multi-sensor vision devices is shown.

[0072] Figure 5 Another schematic diagram of the monitoring system is shown.

[0073] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring a battery device is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0074] In all the accompanying drawings, corresponding parts have the same reference numerals.

[0075] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the chemical background of a Ni-Zn battery is shown. During battery discharge, Zn + 2OH-- The reaction is ZnO + H₂O + 2e⁻ - ;and NiOOH + H2O + e - The reaction produces Ni(OH)₂ + OH⁻ - This allows the entire chemical reaction to be written as Zn + NiOOH + H2O ⇌ ZnO + 2Ni(OH)2. The components involved allow for parasitic reactions, where water reacts with Zn to produce Zn(OH)2 and H2. Furthermore, there is a potential of approximately 2.0 V between the two negative and positive electrodes, which is higher than the 1.23 V water decomposition voltage. Water decomposition produces H2 and O2, namely oxygen atoms with two additional electrons. The H2 molecule can react with the O2 atom in an exothermic reaction.

[0076] Several physical or chemical parameters indicate the risk or progress of such reactions, or the damage already caused. These parameters can be measured and indicated. For example, the following parameters can be measured: maximum battery temperature, battery expansion, Zn concentration indicating Zn dissolution and H2 precipitation, H2 detection, humidity and / or pH, and in the case of Ni-Zn batteries, lead concentration indicating lead dissolution and water electrolysis, as well as nickel concentration. This list is not limited to these parameters.

[0077] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a monitoring system 500 for a battery device according to one embodiment is shown. The monitoring system 500 includes a multi-sensor vision device 100, such as a self-supporting membrane, adhesive, or coating comprising one or more monitoring modules 102. Thus, the multi-sensor vision device 100 may include different monitoring blocks 102 that record different battery information, such as the highest temperature experienced by a single battery cell, the degree of battery swelling, or any other parameters listed above. Chemical parameters such as Zn concentration indicating Zn dissolution and H2 precipitation, and lead concentration indicating lead dissolution and water electrolysis are also shown.

[0078] Zn concentration, lead concentration, nickel concentration, pH value, and other parameters can be determined using conventional test strips or patches that change color depending on the corresponding concentration. Similarly, hydrogen (H2) can be detected using an adhesive tape, which can be based on silicone applied to a polyimide film. Humidity can be detected mechanically, physically by measuring the temperature difference using a mercury thermometer (one with a wet bulb and the other with a dry bulb), or digitally using a battery-powered circuit.

[0079] Figure 2The monitoring blocks 102 are shown arranged in a matrix and are of the same size. However, the actual arrangement and size of the monitoring blocks 102 depend on the type of measurement and the implementation method. For example, if a battery-powered sensor is used, more space is required in three-dimensional space than for a chemical detection strip used, for example, to detect pH values. Multi-sensor vision devices can also consist of several independent parts that are not connected to each other.

[0080] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a battery cell 108 is shown. A multi-sensor vision device 100, representing a monitoring system 500, is attached to the battery cell housing 104 of the battery cell 108. In this basic example, the battery assembly 108 comprises only one battery cell 108. The shape of the multi-sensor vision device 100 depends on the type of measurement to be performed and the type of detector. Preferably, the multi-sensor vision device 100 has a simple, inexpensive, and easy-to-install structure and design. For example, it is a self-adhesive film.

[0081] Figure 4a A battery storage device 406 in the form of a UPS cabinet 406 is shown. The cabinet has a housing 404, an internal support structure 410 for accommodating or holding battery cells 108 and stabilizing the housing 104, and a plurality of battery cells 108 held by the internal support structure 410. The internal support structure 410 may include, for example, a plurality of trays, each tray for accommodating a plurality of battery cells 108.

[0082] The multi-sensor vision device 100 forming the monitoring system 500 is visibly attached to the battery cell 108. The door 408 of the cabinet 406 may have a window so that the multi-sensor vision device can be monitored even when the door is closed. The multi-sensor vision device 100 may be permanently or removably attached to the battery cell housing 404 or the UPS cabinet housing 404.

[0083] like Figure 4b As shown, the multi-sensor vision device 100 forming the monitoring system 500 can also be attached to the housing 404 of the UPS cabinet 406, preferably inside the UPS cabinet. Figure 4b In the example, the multi-sensor vision device 100 is attached to a door 408 inside the cabinet 406. The multi-sensor vision device 100 is arranged such that when the door 408 is closed, they are close to or even in contact with the battery cell 108.

[0084] Alternative locations, such as Figure 4cAs illustrated, the multi-sensor vision device 100 can be attached to the side of the battery storage system 406 or the battery cell 108, for example, the left and right sides as viewed from a doorway. Options for monitoring this monitoring block 108 include, for example, having a window in the side wall of the cabinet 406 so that the multi-sensor vision device 100 is visible from the outside, or having an optical system 502, such as an optical sensor, that detects the battery cell 108 and the transmitter 504 to transmit the captured optical information to a processing device 508, such as... Figure 5 As proposed in [the document], if rack 406 does not have open sides or windows, a light source can be used to support optical capture.

[0085] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an extended monitoring system 500 is shown. The extended monitoring system 500 may also include an optical system 502, such as a camera 502 having a transmitter 504 with wired or wireless connectivity to a data network 506 or cloud 506, and a processing device 508, or connected to an analysis system including the camera 502 and the processing device 508. The camera 502 may capture images from one or more multi-sensor vision devices 100 and send the images to the processing device 508, which interprets the images to evaluate different monitoring blocks 102. The monitoring system 500 may also include a controller 512. The processing device 508 and / or the controller 512 may generate messages, activate optical or acoustic alarms using an output device 514 (e.g., a light or speaker), disconnect one or more batteries as indicated by the arrows, or take any other or additional action if the evaluation reveals, for example, that a threshold has been exceeded or a specific state level has been reached. Figure 5 The monitoring system shown also includes storage 510 for recording any data, such as raw data, evaluation results, etc. The stored historical data can be used for purposes such as documentation, or as input for estimating or predicting the condition of the battery cell 108. Processing device 508 can also use the evaluation results to instruct maintenance measures.

[0086] The processing device 508 may include a processor and a memory for storing data and a computer program, which, when executed on the processor, causes the controller to perform the method steps described above. Furthermore, the monitoring system may include a program storage medium storing the program. The controller may consist of analog and / or digital circuitry suitable for performing the actions indicated in this disclosure.

[0087] Figure 6A flowchart of a method 600 for monitoring a battery device 108 is shown. The method includes the following steps: providing 602 a monitoring system 500 as described herein; connecting 604 a multi-sensor vision device 100 to the housing 104 of the battery device; measuring 606 multiple characteristics of the battery device by the multi-sensor vision device; and optically indicating 608 the measured characteristics. Additional steps include assessing the state and / or condition of the battery device 108 or individual battery cells 108 of the battery device 108.

[0088] In addition, the following steps can be performed:

[0089] The optical device captures images from the 610 multi-sensor vision device 100 and transmits the captured images from the monitoring block 102 to the processing device 508.

[0090] Processing device 508: receives images of monitoring block 102 captured by monitoring block 102, characteristic evaluation images relative to battery cell 108, generates commands or signals based on the evaluation, and sends commands or signals to controller.

[0091] The controller executes output or control actions on at least one battery cell 108, such as outputting optical or acoustic alarm signals, cutting off or disconnecting the battery cell or the entire battery assembly.

[0092] Some steps can be performed conditionally. For example, a command or signal may be generated based on an evaluation, and only sent to the controller to take action if, for example, the evaluation result indicates that a warning level has been exceeded. Several warning levels can be defined to cause different actions.

[0093] In addition, method 600 may further include the following step: recording 613 battery operation history. The battery operation history may include raw data or measured evaluation results. The steps of method 600 listed above may be performed in a different order. Some steps may be performed in parallel. This step may also be performed after step 610. The operation history may also be used as input to, for example, an AI model, for estimating and / or predicting the state of individual battery cells. acronym AI (Artificial Intelligence) ESS energy storage system BESS Battery Energy Storage System UPS Uninterruptible Power System Figure Labels More than 100 sensor vision devices 102 Single monitoring block / pad for multi-sensor vision devices 104 Battery cell casing 108 Battery device, battery cell (one or more) 404 battery housing 406 Battery storage devices, such as UPS cabinets The door of rack 408 410 Internal support structure 500 Monitoring System 502 camera, optical system 504 optical system transmitter 506 Cloud, Data Network 508 processing equipment 510 Storage devices, databases 512 controller 514 Output Devices 600 Methods for monitoring battery devices 602-614 Method and Steps

Claims

1. A monitoring system (500) for monitoring a battery including a battery cell (108), comprising a multi-sensor vision device (100) attachable to a housing (104) of the battery cell (108). The multi-sensor vision device (100) is configured to measure multiple characteristics associated with the battery cell (108) and to optically indicate the multiple measured characteristics.

2. A monitoring system (500) for monitoring a battery device including multiple battery cells (108) in a battery storage device (406), comprising: A plurality of multi-sensor vision devices (100), each of the plurality of multi-sensor vision devices being associated with one of the plurality of battery cells (108), and each of the plurality of multi-sensor vision devices being attachable to the housing (404) of the battery storage device (406); wherein each of the multi-sensor vision devices (100) is configured to measure a plurality of characteristics associated with one of the plurality of battery cells (108) and to optically indicate the measured characteristics.

3. The monitoring system (500) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the characteristic of the battery cell (108) according to claim 1 or the plurality of battery cells (108) according to claim 2 is a diagnostic parameter for diagnosing the condition of the battery cell (108) according to claim 1 or the plurality of battery cells (108) according to claim 2.

4. The monitoring system (500) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the multi-sensor vision device is a self-supporting membrane, a self-supporting adhesive, and / or a coating.

5. The monitoring system (500) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the multi-sensor vision device (100) includes a plurality of monitoring blocks (102) corresponding to the plurality of measured characteristics for indicating the measured characteristics.

6. The monitoring system (500) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plurality of measured characteristics are any combination of two or more of the following chemical and physical characteristics: Zn concentration, presence of H2, O2 content above the typical level in air, humidity, pH value, lead concentration, nickel concentration, presence of lead sulfate crystals, potassium carbonate crystals, zinc-based crystals, nickel-based crystals, maximum battery temperature, and deformation of the casing of the battery cell (108).

7. The monitoring system (500) according to any one of the preceding claims further includes: Optical system (502), the optical system having a transmitter (504), and Processing equipment (508) The optical system (502) is configured to capture images of the multi-sensor vision device (100) and transmit the captured images of the monitoring block (102) to the processing device (508) using the transmitter (504), and the processing device (508) is configured to receive the images and evaluate the images relative to the plurality of characteristics of the battery cell (108).

8. The monitoring system (500) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the monitoring system further comprises a controller (512), wherein the processing device (508) is configured to generate a command or signal based on the evaluation, and to send the command or signal to the controller (512) to cause an output action or control action on at least one battery cell (108) by the controller (512).

9. The monitoring system (500) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the battery cell according to claim 1 or the plurality of battery cells according to claim 2 comprises an aqueous battery, preferably a Ni-Zn battery or a lead-acid battery (108), for use in uninterruptible power systems (UPS), energy storage systems (ESS) or battery energy storage systems (BESS).

10. A battery storage device (406) for a battery device (108), comprising a monitoring system (500) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The battery storage device (406) of claim 10, wherein the battery storage device (406) has a door (408) and / or a wall including one or more windows to provide visibility of the multi-sensor vision device (100).

12. A method for monitoring a battery device, comprising the following steps: Provide (602) a monitoring system (500) including the multi-sensor vision device (100) according to claim 1; The multi-sensor vision device (100) is attached (604) to the housing of the battery device; Multiple characteristics of the battery device are measured (606) by the multi-sensor vision device (100); The characteristics measured by the multi-sensor vision device (100) are optically indicated by (608).

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of: The image of the multi-sensor vision device (100) is captured by the optical device (610), and the captured image of the monitoring block (102) is transmitted to the processing device (508). The image of the monitoring block (102) captured by the processing device (508) is received (612), the image is evaluated relative to the characteristics of the battery cell (108), a command or signal is generated based on the evaluation, and the command or signal is sent to the controller. Causes (614) an output action or control action on at least one battery cell (108).

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the method further comprises the following step: Record the battery operation history of the (613) battery cells (108).

15. The use of a self-standing membrane, self-standing adhesive, and / or coating as a multi-sensor vision device for monitoring battery devices.

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