Optical device remote calibration method and system based on channel characteristics

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of optical performance testing technology, and proposes a remote calibration method and system for optical equipment based on channel characteristics. The method includes: a remote optical equipment receiving a probe light signal transmitted by a central server through an optical fiber channel, and reading the backscattered light signal formed after the optical fiber channel affects the probe light signal; integrating the distribution of the path-wise attenuation coefficient and the polarization state change matrix characterizing the optical fiber channel in the backscattered light signal into channel characteristic parameters; calculating a calibration compensation coefficient to compensate for the influence of the optical fiber channel on the output characteristics of the remote optical equipment based on the channel characteristic parameters and the reference channel standard parameters pre-stored in the central server; the remote optical equipment receiving the calibration compensation coefficient transmitted by the central server, adjusting and updating the current output power and current center wavelength of the initial operating state parameters in the remote optical equipment to complete the remote calibration; this invention can improve the efficiency of remote calibration of optical equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical performance testing technology, and in particular to a method and system for remote calibration of optical devices based on channel characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] The calibration of existing remote optical equipment mostly relies on on-site manual debugging and local parameter correction. It cannot rely on the transmission characteristics of fiber optic channels to achieve automated, non-contact remote calibration. During the transmission of optical signals, fiber optic channels will generate continuous attenuation and polarization state shift. This type of channel interference will change the transmission state of the optical signal throughout the process. Existing technology cannot receive and analyze the backscattered light signal corresponding to the probe light signal sent by the central server in real time. It is difficult to accurately obtain the attenuation change law and polarization state evolution characteristics of the fiber optic channel along the path, and cannot provide a real and complete channel state basis for calibration work.

[0003] Traditional calibration methods lack a mechanism for extracting and integrating channel features. They cannot integrate the distribution of attenuation coefficients and polarization state change matrices along the path of backscattered light signals into standardized channel feature parameters. They also lack a comparison process for pre-stored reference channel standard parameters. They cannot generate calibration compensation coefficients adapted to channel interference by matching channel features with standard parameters. Furthermore, they cannot accurately adjust and update the output power and center wavelength of remote optical equipment. This results in low accuracy and insufficient stability of remote calibration, making it difficult to continuously ensure that the output characteristics of remote optical equipment meet actual working requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method and system for remote calibration of optical devices based on channel characteristics, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics, comprising: Step 1: The remote optical equipment receives the probe light signal sent by the central server through the fiber optic channel and reads the backscattered light signal formed after the fiber optic channel affects the probe light signal. Step 2: Integrate the path attenuation coefficient distribution and polarization state change matrix characterizing the optical fiber channel in the backscattered light signal into channel characteristic parameters; Step 3: Calculate the calibration compensation coefficients used to compensate for the impact of the fiber optic channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment based on the channel characteristic parameters and the reference channel standard parameters pre-stored in the central server. Step 4: The remote optical device receives the calibration compensation coefficient sent through the central server and adjusts and updates the current output power and current center wavelength of the initial working state parameters in the remote optical device to complete the remote calibration.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the remote optical device receives the probe light signal transmitted by the central server through the fiber optic channel, and reads the backscattered light signal formed after the fiber optic channel affects the probe light signal, including: The remote optical equipment opens its optical receiving window, waits to receive the probe optical signals sent by the central server at preset time intervals, and continuously monitors the returned optical signals along the transmission direction of the optical fiber channel. The backscattered light signal is selected from the returned light signal as the light signal that is transmitted in the reverse direction due to the inhomogeneity of the medium when the probe light signal propagates in the optical fiber channel. The backscattered light signal is compared with the original characteristics of the probe light signal to filter out stray light components that do not belong to the probe light signal, thus obtaining a pure backscattered light signal, which is then cached in the local memory of the remote optical device.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the friction loss coefficient distribution includes: Based on the relationship between the return time of the backscattered light signal and the speed of light, the optical fiber transmission distance corresponding to the backscattered light signal is calculated. Based on the intensity variation of the backscattered light signal over different optical fiber transmission distances, the backscattered light signal is divided into multiple continuous signal segments in chronological order along the length of the optical fiber channel. Based on the channel position corresponding to each signal segment, the ratio of the average amplitude value within the signal segment to the original amplitude value of the probe optical signal is used as the attenuation coefficient of the channel position. Arrange the attenuation coefficients of all channel locations in chronological order to form a distribution of attenuation coefficients along the path.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, integrating the path-wise attenuation coefficient distribution and polarization state change matrix characterizing the optical fiber channel in the backscattered optical signal into channel characteristic parameters includes: The polarization state vector at each sampling moment is extracted from the backscattered light signal. The polarization state vector contains at least the amplitude ratio and phase difference between two mutually orthogonal polarization components. The amplitude ratio and phase difference at the same sampling time are combined into a two-dimensional row vector; Stack the two-dimensional row vectors of all sampling times in chronological order, and use the resulting two-dimensional matrix as the polarization state change matrix; The values ​​of the corresponding transmission intervals in the optical fiber channel are associated and paired in the distribution of the attenuation coefficient along the path and the polarization state change matrix. The paired associated values ​​are then combined into a feature data sequence according to the order of the transmission intervals, and the feature data sequence is determined as the channel feature parameter.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the formula for calculating the optical fiber transmission distance is as follows: ; In the formula, For fiber optic transmission distance, The speed of light in a vacuum. This refers to the time difference between the transmission of the probe light signal from the central server and the receipt of the corresponding backscattered light signal by the remote optical device. This is the reference effective refractive index of the optical fiber at the wavelength of the probe light signal. The preset polarization state influence factor, Let be the deviation norm of the polarization state change matrix.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the step of calculating the calibration compensation coefficient for compensating for the impact of the fiber optic channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment based on channel characteristic parameters and reference channel standard parameters pre-stored in the central server includes: The distribution of the path-by-path attenuation coefficient in the channel characteristic parameters is compared position by position with the standard path-by-path attenuation coefficient distribution in the reference channel standard parameters to obtain the attenuation difference value of the optical fiber channel. The polarization state change matrix in the channel characteristic parameters is subtracted from the standard polarization state change matrix in the reference channel standard parameters to obtain the polarization difference value of the optical fiber channel. The calibration compensation coefficients of the central server are obtained by comprehensively arranging the attenuation difference values ​​and polarization difference values ​​at all locations.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the calibration compensation coefficient includes: ; In the formula, To calibrate the compensation coefficients, the total number of transmission intervals into which the optical fiber channel is divided is equal to the total number of transmission intervals into which the optical fiber channel is divided. The preset attenuation weight factor, For the first Attenuation difference value across each transmission interval The preset polarization weighting factor, For the first Polarization difference values ​​over each transmission interval.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the calibration compensation coefficient for compensating for the influence of the fiber optic channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment includes: Obtain the historical calibration records of the remote optical equipment, which include the compensation coefficients used in at least one previous calibration and the corresponding post-calibration effect evaluation values. The calibration compensation coefficient is smoothed by comparing it with the compensation coefficient in the historical calibration record, and different smoothing weights are assigned according to the time distance to generate the final calibration compensation coefficient. The final calibration compensation coefficient is used as the calibration compensation coefficient calculated in step 3, and is subsequently sent to the remote optical equipment.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the remote optical device receives calibration compensation coefficients sent through a central server, and adjusts and updates the current output power and current center wavelength of the initial operating parameters in the remote optical device to complete remote calibration, including: The power adjustment command and wavelength adjustment command are parsed from the received calibration compensation coefficient. The power adjustment command carries the direction and step value of the increase or decrease of the output power, and the wavelength adjustment command carries the direction and step value of the increase or decrease of the center wavelength. According to the increase / decrease direction and step size value in the power adjustment command, the current output power of the remote optical device is adjusted step by step until the target power value corresponding to the power adjustment command is reached. According to the direction of increase or decrease and the step size value in the wavelength adjustment command, the current center wavelength of the remote optical device is adjusted step by step until the target wavelength value corresponding to the wavelength adjustment command is reached. After the current output power and current center wavelength have been adjusted, a calibration completion confirmation message is generated and returned to the central server via the fiber optic channel.

[0014] To address the above problems, the present invention also provides a remote calibration system for optical devices based on channel characteristics, the system comprising: The remote optical calibration module is used to receive the probe light signal sent by the central server through the fiber optic channel from the remote optical equipment, and to read the backscattered light signal formed after the fiber optic channel affects the probe light signal. The channel calibration module is used to integrate the distribution of the path attenuation coefficient and the polarization state change matrix that characterize the optical fiber channel in the backscattered optical signal into channel characteristic parameters; The optical path remote adjustment module is used to calculate the calibration compensation coefficient to compensate for the impact of the optical fiber channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment, based on the channel characteristic parameters and the reference channel standard parameters pre-stored in the central server. The parameter calibration module is used to receive calibration compensation coefficients sent by the central server to remote optical equipment, and to adjust and update the current output power and current center wavelength of the initial working state parameters in the remote optical equipment to complete remote calibration.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention receives probe light signals transmitted via fiber optic channels from a central server using remote optical equipment. It fully reads and purifies the backscattered light signals formed after the fiber optic channel interacts with the probe light signals, accurately extracts the distribution of attenuation coefficients and polarization state change matrix along the entire fiber optic channel, and integrates these two types of core channel information into unified and standardized channel characteristic parameters. This comprehensively and realistically reflects the real-time transmission characteristics and state changes of the fiber optic channel, providing complete, accurate, and quantifiable state data for the calibration of remote optical equipment, ensuring that the calibration basis has sufficient authenticity and completeness.

[0016] 2. This invention performs precise matching calculations based on standardized channel characteristic parameters and reference channel standard parameters pre-stored on a central server, generating calibration compensation coefficients adapted to the transmission characteristics of the optical fiber channel. These compensation coefficients are then stably transmitted to remote optical equipment via the optical fiber channel, directly adjusting and updating the equipment's current output power and center wavelength. This achieves fully automated remote calibration without human intervention, accurately correcting deviations in the equipment's output characteristics, maintaining the standard operating state of the optical equipment, significantly improving the operational efficiency and control accuracy of remote calibration, and ensuring that the remote optical equipment maintains stable and reliable operating performance over the long term. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A functional block diagram of a remote calibration system for optical devices based on channel characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A comparison curve of compensation coefficients for a remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A comparison curve of attenuation coefficients of a remote calibration system for optical devices based on channel characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A comparison curve of attenuation difference and polarization norm difference in a remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention; The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0018] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] This application provides a method for remote calibration of optical devices based on channel characteristics. The executing entity of this method includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following electronic devices that can be configured to execute the method provided in this application: a server, a terminal, etc. In other words, the method for remote calibration of optical devices based on channel characteristics can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device. The server includes, but is not limited to, a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server, or a cluster of cloud servers. The server can be an independent server or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDN), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic flowchart of a remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics includes: Step 1: The remote optical equipment receives the probe light signal sent by the central server through the fiber optic channel and reads the backscattered light signal formed after the fiber optic channel affects the probe light signal. In this embodiment of the invention, the remote optical device receives the probe light signal sent by the central server through the optical fiber channel, and reads the backscattered light signal formed after the optical fiber channel affects the probe light signal, including: The remote optical equipment opens its optical receiving window, waits to receive the probe optical signals sent by the central server at preset time intervals, and continuously monitors the returned optical signals along the transmission direction of the optical fiber channel. The backscattered light signal is selected from the returned light signal as the light signal that is transmitted in the reverse direction due to the inhomogeneity of the medium when the probe light signal propagates in the optical fiber channel. The backscattered light signal is compared with the original characteristics of the probe light signal to filter out stray light components that do not belong to the probe light signal, thus obtaining a pure backscattered light signal, which is then cached in the local memory of the remote optical device.

[0021] The remote optical device activates its built-in optical receiving component, switches the optical signal receiving port to the conduction mode and maintains this stable state continuously, waiting for the probe optical signal emitted by the central server at a pre-set fixed time interval. At the same time, it collects all the reverse-transmitted optical signals in the optical fiber channel in real time along the predetermined transmission path of the probe optical signal inside the optical fiber channel and completes temporary storage.

[0022] For each of the temporarily stored return optical signals, the transmission direction identification and determination operation is performed. The optical signals whose transmission direction is completely opposite to the forward transmission direction of the probe optical signal emitted by the central server are separated and collected separately. The separated and collected optical signals are determined to be the backscattered optical signals generated by the probe optical signal during its propagation in the optical fiber channel due to the non-uniform distribution of the optical fiber medium.

[0023] The amplitude and wavelength characteristics of the separated backscattered light signal are extracted. These amplitude and wavelength characteristics are then precisely matched with the original amplitude and wavelength characteristics of the probe light signal emitted by the central server. The light signal components whose amplitude and wavelength characteristics are completely consistent with the original probe light signal are retained, while stray light signal components whose amplitude or wavelength characteristics do not match the original probe light signal are removed. A pure backscattered light signal without stray interference is obtained. The pure backscattered light signal is then completely written into the local storage unit of the remote optical device for fixed storage.

[0024] Step 2: Integrate the path attenuation coefficient distribution and polarization state change matrix characterizing the optical fiber channel in the backscattered light signal into channel characteristic parameters; In this embodiment of the invention, the friction loss coefficient distribution includes: Based on the relationship between the return time of the backscattered light signal and the speed of light, the optical fiber transmission distance corresponding to the backscattered light signal is calculated. Based on the intensity variation of the backscattered light signal over different optical fiber transmission distances, the backscattered light signal is divided into multiple continuous signal segments in chronological order along the length of the optical fiber channel. Based on the channel position corresponding to each signal segment, the ratio of the average amplitude value within the signal segment to the original amplitude value of the probe optical signal is used as the attenuation coefficient of the channel position. Arrange the attenuation coefficients of all channel locations in chronological order to form a distribution of attenuation coefficients along the path.

[0025] The process of integrating the path-wise attenuation coefficient distribution and polarization state change matrix characterizing the optical fiber channel in the backscattered light signal into channel characteristic parameters includes: The polarization state vector at each sampling moment is extracted from the backscattered light signal. The polarization state vector contains at least the amplitude ratio and phase difference between two mutually orthogonal polarization components. The amplitude ratio and phase difference at the same sampling time are combined into a two-dimensional row vector; Stack the two-dimensional row vectors of all sampling times in chronological order, and use the resulting two-dimensional matrix as the polarization state change matrix; The values ​​of the corresponding transmission intervals in the optical fiber channel are associated and paired in the distribution of the attenuation coefficient along the path and the polarization state change matrix. The paired associated values ​​are then combined into a feature data sequence according to the order of the transmission intervals, and the feature data sequence is determined as the channel feature parameter.

[0026] The formula for calculating the optical fiber transmission distance is as follows: ; In the formula, For fiber optic transmission distance, The speed of light in a vacuum. This refers to the time difference between the transmission of the probe light signal from the central server and the receipt of the corresponding backscattered light signal by the remote optical device. This is the reference effective refractive index of the optical fiber at the wavelength of the probe light signal. The preset polarization state influence factor, Let be the deviation norm of the polarization state change matrix.

[0027] The high-precision timing unit inside the central server records the precise start time of the detection optical signal emission in real time. The timing unit inside the remote optical equipment, which is triggered synchronously, accurately records the precise end time when the corresponding backscattered optical signal is successfully received. The time difference obtained by subtracting the start time from the end time is directly determined as the complete return time of the backscattered optical signal in the optical fiber channel. Using the fixed speed at which light stably propagates in the conventional transmission medium of standard single-mode optical fiber as the calculation benchmark, the total length of the round-trip transmission of the optical signal is obtained by multiplying the return time by the fixed propagation speed. The total length is then divided by two to obtain the precise optical fiber transmission distance corresponding to the backscattered optical signal.

[0028] Based on the order of arrival time of backscattered light signals at remote optical devices, and using a pre-set uniform fixed time length as the basis for segmentation, the complete and continuous backscattered light signal is divided into multiple independent signal segments that are connected end to end, without gaps or overlaps, along the overall extension direction of the optical fiber channel from the central server to the remote optical device. Each independent signal segment corresponds to a unique and precisely locatable optical fiber transmission distance.

[0029] Extract the amplitude values ​​collected at all sampling times within a single independent signal segment, sum all amplitude values ​​within the segment, and then divide the sum by the total number of amplitude values ​​collected within the segment to obtain the average amplitude value corresponding to the signal segment. This average amplitude value is then proportionally converted to the original amplitude value of the probe optical signal emitted by the central server, and the converted value is directly used as the attenuation coefficient for the corresponding fiber optic channel location of the signal segment.

[0030] Following the order of the fiber optic channel starting from the central server and extending to the remote optical equipment, the attenuation coefficients corresponding to all fiber optic channel locations are sequentially arranged and continuously combined to form a complete and continuous distribution of attenuation coefficients along the entire fiber optic channel.

[0031] For the stored clean backscattered light signal, the real-time status of the signal is continuously collected according to the fixed sampling time interval preset by the system. At each independent sampling moment, the light signal is decomposed into two mutually perpendicular orthogonal polarization components by the polarization separation component. The amplitude and phase values ​​of the two polarization components are measured respectively, and the amplitude ratio and phase difference between the two polarization components are calculated. The amplitude ratio and phase difference are integrated into the polarization state vector specific to the current sampling moment.

[0032] The amplitude ratio and phase difference of the polarization components corresponding to the same sampling time are combined in a fixed order, with the amplitude ratio first and the phase difference second, to form a standard two-dimensional row vector containing only two data items.

[0033] According to the time flow order of sampling time from first to last, the standard two-dimensional row vectors corresponding to all sampling times are superimposed row by row to form a complete two-dimensional data array with the same number of rows as the total number of samplings and a fixed number of columns of two. This two-dimensional data array is directly defined as the polarization state change matrix corresponding to the backscattered light signal.

[0034] The attenuation coefficient corresponding to each fiber transmission interval in the attenuation coefficient distribution along the path is bound one-to-one with the two-dimensional data corresponding to the same fiber transmission interval in the polarization state change matrix to form a pair of associated values ​​for a single fiber transmission interval. Then, according to the order of the fiber transmission intervals from the central server to the remote optical equipment, all the pairs of associated values ​​for the fiber transmission intervals are sequentially connected and combined into a continuous and complete data sequence. This data sequence is directly determined as the channel characteristic parameter characterizing the overall state of the fiber channel.

[0035] The speed of light in a vacuum is defined by a standard and fixed value for the speed of light propagation, which is the stable speed of light propagation in a vacuum environment without any medium.

[0036] The time difference is calculated by performing a numerical difference between the start time of the probe light signal transmission recorded by the timing unit of the central server and the end time of the backscattered light signal reception recorded by the timing unit of the remote optical device. This time difference is the actual time consumed for the round-trip transmission of the light signal.

[0037] The reference effective refractive index of the optical fiber at the probe light signal wavelength is taken from the standard effective refractive index value specified by the optical fiber manufacturer. This value is the inherent transmission parameter of the optical fiber at the corresponding probe light wavelength.

[0038] The preset polarization state influence factor is a fixed value set in advance during the system deployment phase. This value is used to quantify the correction magnitude of polarization state changes on the optical fiber transmission distance calculation results.

[0039] The deviation norm of the polarization state change matrix is ​​obtained by normalizing and regularizing all data within the polarization state change matrix. This value is used to characterize the degree of deviation between the polarization state and the standard state.

[0040] This calculation method integrates vacuum light speed, signal round-trip time difference, effective refractive index of fiber reference, polarization state influence factor, and polarization state change matrix deviation norm to accurately calculate the fiber transmission distance corresponding to the backscattered light signal. This provides accurate and reliable location data support for subsequent segmentation of backscattered light signal, location of specific fiber channel positions, and calculation of attenuation coefficients at each position.

[0041] Step 3: Calculate the calibration compensation coefficients used to compensate for the impact of the fiber optic channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment based on the channel characteristic parameters and the reference channel standard parameters pre-stored in the central server. In this embodiment of the invention, the step of calculating the calibration compensation coefficient for compensating the influence of the optical fiber channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment based on channel characteristic parameters and reference channel standard parameters pre-stored in the central server includes: The distribution of the path-by-path attenuation coefficient in the channel characteristic parameters is compared position by position with the standard path-by-path attenuation coefficient distribution in the reference channel standard parameters to obtain the attenuation difference value of the optical fiber channel. The polarization state change matrix in the channel characteristic parameters is subtracted from the standard polarization state change matrix in the reference channel standard parameters to obtain the polarization difference value of the optical fiber channel. The calibration compensation coefficients of the central server are obtained by comprehensively arranging the attenuation difference values ​​and polarization difference values ​​at all locations.

[0042] The calibration compensation coefficient includes: ; In the formula, To calibrate the compensation coefficients, the total number of transmission intervals into which the optical fiber channel is divided is equal to the total number of transmission intervals into which the optical fiber channel is divided. The preset attenuation weight factor, For the first Attenuation difference value across each transmission interval The preset polarization weighting factor, For the first Polarization difference values ​​over each transmission interval.

[0043] The calibration compensation coefficient used to compensate for the influence of the fiber optic channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment includes: Obtain the historical calibration records of the remote optical equipment, which include the compensation coefficients used in at least one previous calibration and the corresponding post-calibration effect evaluation values. The calibration compensation coefficient is smoothed by comparing it with the compensation coefficient in the historical calibration record, and different smoothing weights are assigned according to the time distance to generate the final calibration compensation coefficient. The final calibration compensation coefficient is used as the calibration compensation coefficient calculated in step 3, and is subsequently sent to the remote optical equipment.

[0044] Based on the correspondence of the same physical transmission location from the central server to the remote optical equipment on the optical fiber channel, the distribution of the path attenuation coefficient included in the channel characteristic parameters is matched point by point with the standard path attenuation coefficient distribution in the reference channel standard parameters pre-stored locally on the central server. The attenuation coefficient measured at each physical transmission location is subtracted from the preset standard attenuation coefficient at that location to obtain the optical fiber channel attenuation difference value corresponding to that physical transmission location. After completing the matching and difference calculation of all physical transmission locations of the optical fiber channel, a complete attenuation difference value result covering the entire path is obtained.

[0045] Based on the correspondence between elements with the same row and column numbers within the polarization state change matrix, the polarization state change matrix contained in the channel characteristic parameters is matched element-by-element with the standard polarization state change matrix in the reference channel standard parameters. The actual measured polarization data at each matrix element position is subtracted from the preset standard polarization data at that position to obtain the fiber channel polarization difference value corresponding to that matrix element position. After completing the matching and difference calculation of all elements in the polarization state change matrix, the complete polarization difference value result is obtained.

[0046] Following the order of the physical locations of the signals transmitted from the central server to the remote optical equipment within the fiber optic channel, the attenuation difference values ​​corresponding to all transmission locations and the polarization difference values ​​corresponding to the same transmission location are sequentially combined and arranged in an orderly manner to form continuous and complete compensation data results. These compensation data results are the calibration compensation coefficients generated by the central server to compensate for the impact of the fiber optic channel on the output characteristics of the remote optical equipment.

[0047] The total number of transmission intervals formed by dividing the optical fiber channel is directly determined by the total number of continuous signal segments obtained by splitting the backscattered light signal along the length of the optical fiber channel at a fixed time interval preset by the system. The total number of transmission intervals is completely consistent with the total number of signal segments.

[0048] The preset attenuation weight factor is a fixed value that is pre-set and permanently stored in the central server during the system deployment and debugging phase. This value is specifically used to define the proportion and adjustment weight of the attenuation difference in the overall calibration and compensation process.

[0049] The attenuation difference value on a single transmission interval is obtained by comparing the distribution of the along-path attenuation coefficient in the channel characteristic parameters with the standard along-path attenuation coefficient distribution in the reference channel standard parameters point by point at the same physical transmission location and then calculating the difference.

[0050] The preset polarization weight factor is a fixed value that is pre-set during the system deployment and debugging phase and permanently stored in the central server. This value is specifically used to define the proportion and adjustment weight of polarization difference in the overall calibration and compensation process.

[0051] The polarization difference value in a single transmission interval is obtained by subtracting the polarization state change matrix in the channel characteristic parameters from the standard polarization state change matrix in the reference channel standard parameters at corresponding positions with the same row and column numbers.

[0052] The calibration compensation coefficient is obtained by multiplying the attenuation difference value of all transmission intervals by the corresponding attenuation weight factor, multiplying the polarization difference value by the corresponding polarization weight factor, and then summing all the product results in sequence.

[0053] This calculation method comprehensively considers the actual impact of attenuation and polarization deviations in each transmission section of the optical fiber channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment. It integrates the difference data of the entire transmission section through weighted accumulation to form a unified and accurate calibration compensation value, providing a direct and reliable basis for the precise adjustment of the output power and center wavelength of remote optical equipment.

[0054] The central server retrieves all historical calibration records of the remote optical equipment from a designated fixed storage area. The historical calibration records contain the compensation coefficients used in at least one previous calibration process, as well as the post-calibration effect evaluation value corresponding to each set of compensation coefficients.

[0055] The calibration compensation coefficients calculated in this calibration process are weighted and fused with all compensation coefficients in the historical calibration records. The weight allocation is based on the time interval between each calibration occurrence and the current time. Historical compensation coefficients with shorter time intervals are assigned higher weight values, and historical compensation coefficients with longer time intervals are assigned lower weight values. Each type of compensation coefficient is multiplied by its corresponding weight value and then summed to complete the smoothing process and obtain a stable numerical result.

[0056] The numerical result obtained after smoothing is formally defined as the final calibration compensation coefficient. This final calibration compensation coefficient is directly used as the calibration compensation coefficient calculated in step 3, and is used for subsequent stable transmission to remote optical equipment through the fiber optic channel.

[0057] Step 4: The remote optical device receives the calibration compensation coefficient sent through the central server and adjusts and updates the current output power and current center wavelength of the initial working state parameters in the remote optical device to complete the remote calibration.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, the remote optical device receives calibration compensation coefficients sent through a central server, and adjusts and updates the current output power and current center wavelength of the initial operating state parameters in the remote optical device to complete remote calibration, including: The power adjustment command and wavelength adjustment command are parsed from the received calibration compensation coefficient. The power adjustment command carries the direction and step value of the increase or decrease of the output power, and the wavelength adjustment command carries the direction and step value of the increase or decrease of the center wavelength. According to the increase / decrease direction and step size value in the power adjustment command, the current output power of the remote optical device is adjusted step by step until the target power value corresponding to the power adjustment command is reached. According to the direction of increase or decrease and the step size value in the wavelength adjustment command, the current center wavelength of the remote optical device is adjusted step by step until the target wavelength value corresponding to the wavelength adjustment command is reached. After the current output power and current center wavelength have been adjusted, a calibration completion confirmation message is generated and returned to the central server via the fiber optic channel.

[0059] The remote optical equipment uses its built-in data parsing unit to perform complete bit-by-bit parsing and precise field extraction of the calibration compensation coefficients sent by the central server via the fiber optic channel. According to the preset data format rules, it separates independent power adjustment commands and wavelength adjustment commands from the overall data of the calibration compensation coefficients. The power adjustment command clearly includes the fixed adjustment direction of the output power and the fixed step size value for step-by-step adjustment. The wavelength adjustment command clearly includes the fixed adjustment direction of the center wavelength and the fixed step size value for step-by-step adjustment.

[0060] The remote optical device uses the current output power value collected in real time as the initial adjustment benchmark. It strictly follows the fixed adjustment direction and fixed step size value specified in the power adjustment command to perform the output power adjustment operation one by one. After each single-step adjustment operation is completed, the built-in power detection unit collects and verifies the current output power value in real time. The current output power value is compared with the target power value corresponding to the power adjustment command item by item until the current output power value and the target power value are completely consistent, at which point the output power adjustment stops.

[0061] The remote optical equipment uses the current center wavelength value acquired in real time as the initial adjustment reference. It strictly follows the fixed adjustment direction and fixed step size value specified in the wavelength adjustment command to perform the center wavelength adjustment operation one by one. After each single-step adjustment operation is completed, the built-in wavelength detection unit acquires and verifies the current center wavelength value in real time. The acquired current center wavelength value is compared with the target wavelength value corresponding to the wavelength adjustment command item by item until the current center wavelength value and the target wavelength value are completely consistent, at which point the center wavelength adjustment stops.

[0062] After the remote optical equipment confirms through its built-in status verification unit that the current output power and the current center wavelength have been precisely adjusted to the corresponding target values, it triggers the information generation unit to generate standardized calibration completion confirmation information. This calibration completion confirmation information is then transmitted back to the central server through the original fiber optic channel. Once the central server successfully receives the confirmation information, the fully automated remote calibration operation of the remote optical equipment is officially completed.

[0063] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a functional block diagram of a remote calibration system for optical devices based on channel characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] The channel-characteristic-based remote calibration system 100 for optical equipment described in this invention can be installed in an electronic device. Depending on the functions implemented, the channel-characteristic-based remote calibration system 100 may include a remote optical calibration module 101, a channel calibration module 102, an optical path remote adjustment module 103, and a parameter calibration module 104. The module described in this invention can also be referred to as a unit, which refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by the processor of an electronic device and can perform a fixed function, and which are stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0065] In this embodiment, the functions of each module / unit are as follows: The remote optical calibration module 101 is used to receive the probe light signal sent by the central server through the optical fiber channel and read the backscattered light signal formed after the optical fiber channel affects the probe light signal. The channel calibration module 102 is used to integrate the distribution of the path attenuation coefficient and the polarization state change matrix characterizing the optical fiber channel in the backscattered light signal into channel characteristic parameters. The optical path remote adjustment module 103 is used to calculate the calibration compensation coefficient for compensating the influence of the optical fiber channel on the output characteristics of the remote optical equipment based on the channel characteristic parameters and the reference channel standard parameters pre-stored in the central server. The parameter calibration module 104 is used for receiving calibration compensation coefficients sent by the central server to the remote optical device, and to adjust and update the current output power and current center wavelength of the initial working state parameters in the remote optical device to complete the remote calibration.

[0066] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and systems can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and other division methods may be used in actual implementation.

[0067] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0068] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0069] Figure 3 The graph shows a comparison of compensation coefficients for three different remote calibration methods for optical devices across different fiber optic channel segments. The horizontal axis represents the segment number of the fiber optic channel, indicating different segments along the fiber optic transmission path, while the vertical axis represents the compensation coefficients used for calibration. This visually presents the distribution and differences of compensation coefficients under different calibration strategies, validating the accuracy and effectiveness of the new method. Traditional calibration only considers attenuation, corresponding to the green dashed line in the graph. Its compensation coefficients are generally low, mostly near or below zero, with small fluctuations, resulting in a significant deviation from the actual required compensation amount.

[0070] Figure 3 The solid blue line in the middle represents a compensation coefficient curve that closely matches the historical fusion smoothing curve. The fluctuation amplitude and numerical range are consistent with the baseline curve, indicating that it integrates both attenuation and polarization channel characteristics simultaneously. The solid red line in the figure represents the compensation coefficient distribution obtained after smoothing multiple sets of historical calibration data. It can be considered a benchmark for compensation amounts that closely approximate the actual channel requirements. The high degree of overlap between this curve and the curve of the new method further verifies the accuracy and reliability of the new method in calculating the compensation coefficient, demonstrating that a calibration strategy that simultaneously considers attenuation and polarization characteristics can effectively improve the accuracy of remote calibration of optical equipment.

[0071] Figure 4The curves show the comparison between the standard value, measured value, and calibrated value of the attenuation coefficient in each transmission interval of the optical fiber channel. The horizontal axis represents the interval number on the optical fiber transmission path, which represents different segments of optical signal transmission, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding attenuation coefficient. This visually presents the correction effect of the calibration method of this invention on the measured attenuation error.

[0072] Figure 4 The black dashed line represents the standard attenuation coefficient, which is the theoretical attenuation coefficient distribution of the optical fiber channel under ideal conditions. Overall, it shows a trend of slowly decreasing as the transmission interval number increases, representing the actual attenuation level of the optical fiber channel when there is no interference, and serves as a benchmark reference for measuring the calibration effect.

[0073] Figure 4 The solid red line in the middle represents the measured attenuation coefficient without calibration by this invention. It is the attenuation coefficient calculated directly from the backscattered light signal collected from the optical fiber channel. The curve fluctuates significantly and deviates markedly from the standard attenuation coefficient curve. Especially at the positions with larger transmission interval numbers, the deviation from the standard value increases significantly. This reflects that the actual measurement is affected by interference factors such as polarization state changes and equipment noise, resulting in a large error in the attenuation coefficient measurement results, which cannot accurately reflect the true attenuation characteristics of the optical fiber channel.

[0074] Figure 4 The solid blue line represents the attenuation coefficient calibrated by this invention. The trend of this curve is highly consistent with the standard attenuation coefficient curve, and the fluctuation amplitude is significantly smaller than that of the measured curve. The deviation from the standard curve is greatly compressed.

[0075] Figure 5 The curves show the difference in attenuation and polarization norm along different distances of the optical fiber channel. The horizontal axis represents the optical fiber transmission distance in kilometers, representing different positions along the optical fiber link. The left vertical axis represents the attenuation difference value, and the right vertical axis represents the polarization norm difference value. This visually presents the real-time changes and correlation between the attenuation characteristics and polarization characteristics of the optical fiber channel during transmission.

[0076] Figure 5 The blue curve with the circular mark is the attenuation difference curve, which reflects how the difference between the actual attenuation coefficient and the reference attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber channel changes with the transmission distance. The curve as a whole shows the characteristic of fluctuating with the transmission distance, indicating that the attenuation characteristics of the optical fiber channel at different locations are different from the standard state. These differences will have different degrees of impact on the optical signal transmission power and are one of the key bases for calculating the compensation coefficient.

[0077] Figure 5The curve marked with a purple square represents the polarization norm difference curve, reflecting the variation of the norm difference between the actual polarization state change matrix and the reference polarization state matrix of the optical fiber channel with transmission distance. The overall trend of this curve is highly correlated with the attenuation difference curve. Where the attenuation difference peaks, the polarization norm difference also peaks simultaneously. In regions with large fluctuations in attenuation difference, the polarization norm difference also exhibits significant fluctuations, indicating an intrinsic correlation between attenuation changes and polarization state changes in the optical fiber channel. Both constitute channel interference factors affecting the quality of optical signal transmission. Traditional calibration methods only consider attenuation differences while ignoring polarization norm differences, failing to comprehensively reflect the true interference situation of the channel. This curve comparison intuitively demonstrates the distribution and correlation of attenuation and polarization, two key interference factors, during optical fiber channel transmission.

[0078] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0079] This application embodiment can acquire and process relevant data based on artificial intelligence technology. Artificial intelligence is the theory, method, technology, and application system that uses digital computers or machines controlled by digital computers to simulate, extend, and expand human intelligence, perceive the environment, acquire knowledge, and use that knowledge to obtain optimal results.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A remote calibration method for optical equipment based on channel characteristics, characterized in that, The method includes: Step 1: The remote optical equipment receives the probe light signal sent by the central server through the fiber optic channel and reads the backscattered light signal formed after the fiber optic channel affects the probe light signal. Step 2: Integrate the path attenuation coefficient distribution and polarization state change matrix characterizing the optical fiber channel in the backscattered light signal into channel characteristic parameters; Step 3: Calculate the calibration compensation coefficients used to compensate for the impact of the fiber optic channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment based on the channel characteristic parameters and the reference channel standard parameters pre-stored in the central server. Step 4: The remote optical device receives the calibration compensation coefficient sent through the central server and adjusts and updates the current output power and current center wavelength of the initial working state parameters in the remote optical device to complete the remote calibration.

2. The remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The remote optical equipment receives the probe light signal sent by the central server through the fiber optic channel, and reads the backscattered light signal formed after the fiber optic channel affects the probe light signal, including: The remote optical equipment opens its optical receiving window, waits to receive the probe optical signals sent by the central server at preset time intervals, and continuously monitors the returned optical signals along the transmission direction of the optical fiber channel. The backscattered light signal is selected from the returned light signal as the light signal that is transmitted in the reverse direction due to the inhomogeneity of the medium when the probe light signal propagates in the optical fiber channel. The backscattered light signal is compared with the original characteristics of the probe light signal to filter out stray light components that do not belong to the probe light signal, thus obtaining a pure backscattered light signal, which is then cached in the local memory of the remote optical device.

3. The remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The friction loss coefficient distribution includes: Based on the relationship between the return time of the backscattered light signal and the speed of light, the optical fiber transmission distance corresponding to the backscattered light signal is calculated. Based on the intensity variation of the backscattered light signal over different optical fiber transmission distances, the backscattered light signal is divided into multiple continuous signal segments in chronological order along the length of the optical fiber channel. Based on the channel position corresponding to each signal segment, the ratio of the average amplitude value within the signal segment to the original amplitude value of the probe optical signal is used as the attenuation coefficient of the channel position. Arrange the attenuation coefficients of all channel locations in chronological order to form a distribution of attenuation coefficients along the path.

4. The remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The process of integrating the path-wise attenuation coefficient distribution and polarization state change matrix characterizing the optical fiber channel in the backscattered light signal into channel characteristic parameters includes: The polarization state vector at each sampling moment is extracted from the backscattered light signal. The polarization state vector contains at least the amplitude ratio and phase difference between two mutually orthogonal polarization components. The amplitude ratio and phase difference at the same sampling time are combined into a two-dimensional row vector; Stack the two-dimensional row vectors of all sampling times in chronological order, and use the resulting two-dimensional matrix as the polarization state change matrix; The values ​​of the corresponding transmission intervals in the optical fiber channel are associated and paired in the distribution of the attenuation coefficient along the path and the polarization state change matrix. The paired associated values ​​are then combined into a feature data sequence according to the order of the transmission intervals, and the feature data sequence is determined as the channel feature parameter.

5. The remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the optical fiber transmission distance is as follows: ; In the formula, For fiber optic transmission distance, The speed of light in a vacuum. This refers to the time difference between the transmission of the probe light signal from the central server and the receipt of the corresponding backscattered light signal by the remote optical device. This is the reference effective refractive index of the optical fiber at the wavelength of the probe light signal. The preset polarization state influence factor, Let be the deviation norm of the polarization state change matrix.

6. The remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating calibration compensation coefficients to compensate for the impact of the fiber optic channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment, based on channel characteristic parameters and reference channel standard parameters pre-stored in the central server, includes: The distribution of the path-by-path attenuation coefficient in the channel characteristic parameters is compared position by position with the standard path-by-path attenuation coefficient distribution in the reference channel standard parameters to obtain the attenuation difference value of the optical fiber channel. The polarization state change matrix in the channel characteristic parameters is subtracted from the standard polarization state change matrix in the reference channel standard parameters to obtain the polarization difference value of the optical fiber channel. The calibration compensation coefficients of the central server are obtained by comprehensively arranging the attenuation difference values ​​and polarization difference values ​​at all locations.

7. The remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The calibration compensation coefficient includes: ; In the formula, To calibrate the compensation coefficients, the total number of transmission intervals into which the optical fiber channel is divided is equal to the total number of transmission intervals into which the optical fiber channel is divided. The preset attenuation weight factor, For the first Attenuation difference value across each transmission interval The preset polarization weighting factor, For the first Polarization difference values ​​over each transmission interval.

8. The remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The calibration compensation coefficient used to compensate for the influence of the fiber optic channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment includes: Obtain the historical calibration records of the remote optical equipment, which include the compensation coefficients used in at least one previous calibration and the corresponding post-calibration effect evaluation values. The calibration compensation coefficient is smoothed by comparing it with the compensation coefficient in the historical calibration record, and different smoothing weights are assigned according to the time distance to generate the final calibration compensation coefficient. The final calibration compensation coefficient is used as the calibration compensation coefficient calculated in step 3, and is subsequently sent to the remote optical equipment.

9. The remote calibration method for optical devices based on channel characteristics as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The remote optical device receives calibration compensation coefficients sent through the central server and adjusts and updates the current output power and current center wavelength of the initial operating parameters in the remote optical device to complete remote calibration, including: The power adjustment command and wavelength adjustment command are parsed from the received calibration compensation coefficient. The power adjustment command carries the direction and step value of the increase or decrease of the output power, and the wavelength adjustment command carries the direction and step value of the increase or decrease of the center wavelength. According to the increase / decrease direction and step size value in the power adjustment command, the current output power of the remote optical device is adjusted step by step until the target power value corresponding to the power adjustment command is reached. According to the direction of increase or decrease and the step size value in the wavelength adjustment command, the current center wavelength of the remote optical device is adjusted step by step until the target wavelength value corresponding to the wavelength adjustment command is reached. After the current output power and current center wavelength have been adjusted, a calibration completion confirmation message is generated and returned to the central server via the fiber optic channel.

10. A remote calibration system for optical equipment based on channel characteristics, characterized in that, The system for implementing the channel-feature-based remote calibration method for optical devices as described in claim 1 includes: The remote optical calibration module is used to receive the probe light signal sent by the central server through the fiber optic channel from the remote optical equipment, and to read the backscattered light signal formed after the fiber optic channel affects the probe light signal. The channel calibration module is used to integrate the distribution of the path attenuation coefficient and the polarization state change matrix that characterize the optical fiber channel in the backscattered optical signal into channel characteristic parameters; The optical path remote adjustment module is used to calculate the calibration compensation coefficient to compensate for the impact of the optical fiber channel on the output characteristics of remote optical equipment, based on the channel characteristic parameters and the reference channel standard parameters pre-stored in the central server. The parameter calibration module is used to receive calibration compensation coefficients sent by the central server to remote optical equipment, and to adjust and update the current output power and current center wavelength of the initial working state parameters in the remote optical equipment to complete remote calibration.

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