A hierarchical purification process for non-ferrous smelting flue gas based on atmospheric treatment

Abstract

The application discloses a grading purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air treatment applied to the field of gas purification, and waste heat recovery and temperature reduction are carried out before the procedure of bag dust removal, high-temperature damage to the filter core is avoided, then the adjusting assembly in the spray tower is used, when the upper plate in the spray tower is lowered, the plug-in rods on the surface of the upper plate and the circular holes are filled with the air pipes and the through holes of the lower plate, so that the upper plate and the lower plate form a closed isolation space, at this time, the spray liquid accumulated on the surface of the upper plate can enter the closed isolation space along the branch pipes, forced gas-liquid mixing is realized, and the neutralization effect is strengthened, in addition, the blocking block is lowered to the inside of the air pipe, so that the inside of the air pipe is blocked, the gas in the air pipe is slowed down, and the purification efficiency is improved, then when the upper plate is raised, the passage is restored and the liquid on the surface of the lower plate can be discharged through the through holes, so that the efficiency of the spray neutralization and purification is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas purification, and in particular to a graded purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on atmospheric governance. Background Technology

[0002] Non-ferrous metal smelting waste gas has a complex composition, containing high concentrations of sulfur dioxide, heavy metal particles, and dioxins, among other pollutants. Implementing tiered purification, based on the physicochemical characteristics of different pollutants, sequentially employs processes such as pretreatment, high-efficiency dust removal, and spray purification to achieve a tiered reduction of pollutants. This avoids the limitations of single-process methods, significantly improves overall purification efficiency, and ensures stable emissions that meet standards. It is a key technological approach for reducing heavy metal emissions, controlling complex air pollution, and improving regional environmental quality.

[0003] Application number CN202411546638.5 discloses a spray purification device for manufacturing non-ferrous metal alloys. The device drives a turning component to operate through a drive component. The packing material can be turned over by the swing of a structure such as an L-shaped rod, so that the packing material is sprayed with spray liquid more evenly. At the same time, it can turn off the sticky substances on the packing material, which helps to prevent the formation of clumps on the surface of the packing material and solves the problem that substances in the exhaust gas can easily adhere to the surface of the packing material and form clumps.

[0004] Application number CN202510448443.5 discloses a spray scrubbing device for purifying chemical waste gas. The device is filled with packing material in a packing chamber. Each packing chamber is equipped with a turning mechanism. Multiple turning mechanisms are connected to each other. The turning mechanism is used to turn the packing material in the packing chamber, which can prevent the packing material from clogging and clumping, thereby ensuring that the waste gas is fully treated during spraying.

[0005] In the above-mentioned spray purification operation, the design of turning over the packing is used to avoid packing clumping and blockage. However, in actual operation, the packing is an integrated design. The turning over design will cause the originally static and regular packing layer to shift, deform, rub, or even break. Moreover, the turning over structure itself cannot effectively solve the fundamental problems of single gas-liquid contact path and insufficient contact time. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The core of this invention lies in using an adjustment component in a fillerless spray tower to forcibly isolate and decelerate the gas to be sprayed within the tower, thereby comprehensively improving purification efficiency and solving the spray efficiency problem in existing technologies. Simultaneously, the cooperation of the filter screen, follower rod, and piston plate effectively flushes and cleans clogged filter screens, reducing wear on the adjustment component and ensuring its service life.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0008] A staged purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air pollution control includes a spray tower, a bag filter, and a waste heat recovery frame arranged in sequence. The specific steps are as follows:

[0009] S1. The exhaust gas is introduced into the waste heat recovery frame. After waste heat recovery treatment, the exhaust gas enters the bag filter.

[0010] S2. The gas after being treated by the bag filter dust collector is introduced into the spray tower. The gas is then forcibly purified by the regulating components installed in the spray tower and discharged through the outlet pipe.

[0011] S3. Use the gas sensor installed in the outlet pipe to detect whether the discharged gas meets the standard. If it does not meet the standard, it needs to be returned to the spray tower for spray purification. If it meets the standard, it can be discharged directly.

[0012] The bottom wall of the spray tower is equipped with two support rods. Inside the spray tower, there are two sets of adjustment components. The adjustment components include a lower plate and an upper plate that are sleeved on the surface of the support rods. Multiple air pipes are arranged through the interior of the lower plate. Multiple plug rods are fixed at the bottom of the upper plate. Multiple through holes are opened inside the lower plate. Multiple round holes are opened inside the upper plate. Branch pipes are connected through the inner walls of the round holes. A bracket that penetrates the interior of the round holes is installed on the top surface of the upper plate. A blocking block is connected to the bottom of the bracket.

[0013] Furthermore, the number and diameter of the through holes and the plug rods are the same, the number and diameter of the round holes and the vent pipes are the same, and the diameter of the blocking block is smaller than the diameter of the vent pipe, the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the round hole, and a one-way valve is installed inside the branch pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the support rod, while the upper plate is slidably connected to the surface of the support rod. A follower rod is installed inside the spray tower, penetrating both the upper and lower plates. The follower rod slides through the interior of the lower plate and is fixedly connected to the upper plate. A heat insulation cylinder is installed on the inner wall of the spray tower near the top via a support frame. An electric actuator is installed inside the heat insulation cylinder. The power end of the electric actuator is connected to a linkage rod, and the bottom end of the linkage rod is connected to a crossbar. The bottom of the crossbar is fixedly connected to the top of the follower rod. The length of the linkage rod inside the heat insulation cylinder is greater than the displacement of the electric actuator.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of the spray tower is provided with an air outlet pipe, and a demister is installed at the top of the air outlet pipe. An inspection port is installed on the surface of the spray tower. A gas sensor is installed at the air inlet of the spray tower to detect the concentration of gas in the air, which serves as the basis for starting the regulating components. An air inlet is provided on the inner wall of the spray tower.

[0016] Furthermore, a liquid storage frame is installed on the surface of the spray tower, and a suction pump is installed inside the liquid storage frame. Two spray pipes are installed inside the spray tower, and the two spray pipes are located above the two regulating components respectively. The spray pipes and the liquid storage frame are connected through the suction pump and the conduit connected to the surface of the suction pump.

[0017] Furthermore, a rectangular groove is provided inside the waste heat recovery frame, and a water storage frame with its top flush with the top of the rectangular groove is installed inside the rectangular groove via a support.

[0018] Preferably, a container is mounted on the bottom of the lowest plate via a fixing bracket. The bottom of one of the follower rods is connected to a piston plate located below the lowest plate. The piston plate has multiple liquid inlets inside, and each liquid inlet is equipped with a check valve. The bottom of the container is connected to an L-shaped discharge pipe, and a filter screen located below the discharge pipe is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the support rod.

[0019] Furthermore, there is a vertical distance between the filter screen and the bottom of the follower rod, and this vertical distance is greater than the maximum displacement value of the follower rod. The depth of the container is equal to the maximum displacement value of the follower rod.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0021] (1) Before the bag filter dust removal process, this solution performs waste heat recovery and cooling to avoid high temperature damage to the filter element. Then, through the adjustment components in the spray tower, when the upper plate descends in the spray tower, the plug rods and round holes on the surface of the upper plate and the ventilation pipe and opening of the lower plate fill each other, so that the upper plate and the lower plate form a closed isolation space. At this time, the spray liquid accumulated on the surface of the upper plate can enter the closed isolation space along the branch pipe, forcibly achieving gas-liquid mixing and enhancing the neutralization effect. In addition, the blocking block descends to the inside of the ventilation pipe, so that the inside of the ventilation pipe is blocked, causing the gas in the ventilation pipe to slow down and improve the purification efficiency. Afterwards, when the upper plate rises, the passage is restored and the liquid on the surface of the lower plate can be discharged through the opening, so that the efficiency of spray neutralization purification is improved.

[0022] (2) This solution intercepts residual dust entering the spray tower through the filter screen to prevent it from wearing the channels or clogging the one-way valve. The piston plate is driven by the lifting and lowering of the follower rod to periodically squeeze the spray liquid in the container, so that it has an initial flushing speed to flush the surface of the filter screen. Combined with the spray liquid falling from above, the filter screen is continuously cleaned and unblocked, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the regulating component. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the waste heat recovery frame and spray tower of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point A in the diagram;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat insulation cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper plate of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the movement of the spray liquid when the upper and lower plates of the present invention come into close proximity;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gas movement state when the upper and lower plates of the present invention are close to each other;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the upward movement of gas and the downward movement of spray liquid after the upper plate and lower plate of the present invention are separated;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter screen, the container, the piston plate, and the discharge pipe of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the follower rod of the present invention drives the spray liquid in the container to effectively rinse the surface of the filter screen when it descends.

[0035] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0036] 1. Spray tower; 101. Air outlet pipe; 102. Inspection port; 2. Bag filter; 3. Waste heat recovery frame; 301. Water storage frame; 4. Liquid storage frame; 5. Insulation cylinder; 51. Linkage rod; 52. Electric actuator; 6. Adjustment component; 61. Lower plate; 62. Upper plate; 63. Vent pipe; 64. Connecting rod; 65. Round hole; 651. Branch pipe; 66. Through hole; 67. Blocking block; 68. Support; 7. Spray pipe; 8. Support rod; 9. Follower rod; 10. Filter screen; 11. Discharge pipe; 12. Piston plate; 13. Container cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] Please see Figure 1 A staged purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air pollution control includes a spray tower 1, a bag filter 2, and a waste heat recovery frame 3 arranged in sequence. The specific steps are as follows:

[0040] S1. The exhaust gas is introduced into the waste heat recovery frame 3. After the waste heat recovery treatment, the exhaust gas enters the bag filter 2.

[0041] S2. The gas after being treated by the bag filter 2 is introduced into the spray tower 1. The gas is then forcibly purified by the regulating component 6 installed in the spray tower 1 and discharged through the outlet pipe 101.

[0042] S3. Use gas sensor 2 (not shown in the figure, it is existing technology and will not be described here) installed in the gas outlet pipe 101 to detect whether the discharged gas meets the standard. If it does not meet the standard, it needs to be returned to the spray tower 1 for spray purification. If it meets the standard, it is discharged directly.

[0043] The interior of the waste heat recovery frame 3 is provided with a rectangular groove, and a water storage frame 301 with its top flush with the top of the rectangular groove is installed inside the rectangular groove by a support.

[0044] Specifically, in this application, the linkage rod 51, support frame, adjusting component 6, support rod 8, and follower rod 9 are all made of corrosion-resistant materials, such as ceramic materials or other materials. The spray pipe 7 and the one-way valve are also treated with corrosion resistance to ensure service life. In addition, the number of adjusting components 6 in this application is not limited to 2 sets, and can be increased or decreased according to actual needs. The diameters of the upper plate 62 and the lower plate 61 are the same as the inner diameter of the spray tower 1.

[0045] When using this process to purify flue gas from non-ferrous metal smelting, the gas is first passed through the waste heat recovery frame 3. When the gas passes through the cavity formed by the rectangular trough and the water storage frame 301, heat exchange can be achieved to recover waste heat from the flue gas. Then, the gas enters the interior of the bag filter 2.

[0046] After being cooled, the flue gas enters the bag filter 2, which avoids the high-temperature gas from damaging the filter element of the bag filter 2. After the dust removal operation is completed, the harmful gases and acidic or alkaline gases in the gas enter the spray tower 1 and are subjected to corresponding spray neutralization treatment.

[0047] After the spray neutralization treatment is completed, the gas sensor 2 at the outlet pipe 101 detects whether the purified gas meets the standard. If it does not meet the standard, it needs to be returned to the spray tower 1 for secondary treatment (a return pipe is installed on the surface of the outlet pipe 101, and control valves are installed on the surfaces of both the return pipe and the outlet pipe 101. A demister is installed at the tail end of the outlet pipe 101. During normal exhaust, the control valve on the surface of the return pipe is closed and the control valve on the surface of the outlet pipe 101 is opened. When return is required, the control valve on the surface of the outlet pipe 101 is closed and the control valve on the surface of the return pipe is opened. The return pipe and control valve are not shown in the figure, as they are existing technology and will not be described in detail).

[0048] Please see Figures 2-7 The bottom wall of the spray tower 1 is equipped with two support rods 8. The spray tower 1 is equipped with two sets of adjustment components 6. The adjustment components 6 include a lower plate 61 and an upper plate 62 that are sleeved on the surface of the support rods 8. Multiple air pipes 63 are arranged through the interior of the lower plate 61. Multiple plug rods 64 are fixed at the bottom of the upper plate 62. Multiple through holes 66 are opened inside the lower plate 61. Multiple round holes 65 are opened inside the upper plate 62. A branch pipe 651 is connected through the inner wall of the round hole 65. A bracket 68 that penetrates the interior of the round hole 65 is installed on the top surface of the upper plate 62. A blocking block 67 is connected to the bottom of the bracket 68.

[0049] The number and diameter of through holes 66 and plug rod 64 are the same, the number and diameter of round holes 65 and vent pipe 63 are the same, and the diameter of blocking block 67 is smaller than the diameter of vent pipe 63, the diameter of through hole 66 is smaller than the diameter of round hole 65, and a one-way valve is installed inside branch pipe 651.

[0050] The lower plate 61 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support rod 8, and the upper plate 62 is slidably connected to the surface of the support rod 8. The spray tower 1 is equipped with a follower rod 9 that passes through the upper plate 62 and the lower plate 61, and the follower rod 9 slides through the interior of the lower plate 61. The follower rod 9 is fixedly connected to the upper plate 62.

[0051] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 6 A heat insulation cylinder 5 is installed on the inner wall of the spray tower 1 near the top via a support frame. An electric actuator 52 is installed inside the heat insulation cylinder 5. The power end of the electric actuator 52 is connected to a linkage rod 51, and the bottom end of the linkage rod 51 is connected to a crossbar. The bottom of the crossbar is fixedly connected to the top of the follower rod 9. The length of the linkage rod 51 inside the heat insulation cylinder 5 is greater than the displacement of the electric actuator 52.

[0052] Please see Figure 2The top of the spray tower 1 is provided with an air outlet pipe 101, and a demister is installed on the top of the air outlet pipe 101. The surface of the spray tower 1 is provided with an inspection port 102. A gas sensor (not shown in the figure, which is existing technology and will not be described here) is installed at the air inlet of the spray tower 1 to detect the concentration of gas in the air and to serve as the basis for starting the regulating component 6. An air inlet is provided on the inner wall of the spray tower 1.

[0053] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 A liquid storage frame 4 is installed on the surface of the spray tower 1. The liquid storage frame 4 contains liquid for spray neutralization. A suction pump is installed inside the liquid storage frame 4. Two spray pipes 7 are installed inside the spray tower 1, and the two spray pipes 7 are located above the two regulating components 6 respectively. The spray pipes 7 and the liquid storage frame 4 are connected through the suction pump and the conduit connected to the surface of the suction pump.

[0054] Specifically, after the gas enters the spray tower 1, it moves from bottom to top. The spray pipe 7 (composed of multiple concentrically arranged circular pipes to increase the spray range) is located at the top, and the spray liquid moves from top to bottom to achieve spray neutralization treatment. During this process, the gas first passes through the regulating component 6 below. Since the two regulating components 6 move synchronously, for ease of description, only the gas movement state and spray treatment state in one of the regulating components 6 will be described.

[0055] In the initial state, the upper plate 62 and the bottom plug rod 64 are both located above the lower plate 61. When the gas moves from bottom to top, it first moves upward through the vent pipe 63 and the through hole 66, and then is discharged upward through the round hole 65. It then comes into contact with the spray liquid sprayed from the spray pipe 7 located above the upper plate 62, realizing the initial spraying operation. At the same time, the spray liquid above the upper plate 62 falls on the surface of the upper plate 62 and is discharged downward through the round hole 65 and the branch pipe 651. The round hole 65 and the vent pipe 63 are arranged coaxially, so some of the spray liquid will fall below the lower plate 61 through the vent pipe 63, and some of the spray liquid will fall below the lower plate 61 through the through hole 66.

[0056] Please see Figures 8-10When a high concentration of harmful gas is detected at the air inlet of spray tower 1 (judged based on whether it exceeds a threshold value, which is set according to actual conditions and is not fixed), the electric actuator 52 is activated, causing the linkage rod 51 and support rod 8 to descend. Since the support rod 8 is fixedly connected to the upper plate 62, the upper plate 62 descends synchronously until the insertion rod 64 at the bottom of the upper plate 62 is inserted into the through hole 66 and the vent pipe 63 is inserted into the round hole 65, thus filling and blocking the through hole 66 and the round hole 65. At this time, as the upper plate 62 descends, it drives the blocking block 67, which was originally located at the top of the vent pipe 63 (and the vent pipe 63 is connected to the upper plate 64), to descend. The center of the circle 3 is located on the same axis. It moves down to the position near the top of the vent pipe 63, so that the gas below the lower plate 61 is blocked and slowed down when passing through the vent pipe 63. Then it is transferred to the top of the upper plate 62 to flush against the spray liquid, so that the air intake purification operation is not interrupted. The deceleration process can enhance the purification effect. After a period of time (the closing time of the upper plate 62 can be adjusted appropriately according to the volume of the space formed by the upper plate 62 and the lower plate 61 to avoid the liquid accumulation causing pressure increase and failure of the upper plate 62 to press down), the upper plate 62 is raised and the purified gas is discharged to the top of the upper plate 62 through the round hole 65.

[0057] It should be noted that when the vent pipe 63 is inserted into the inner wall of the circular hole 65, the top of the vent pipe 63 must expose the top of the branch pipe 651. Therefore, after the upper plate 62 is lowered, the liquid sprayed from above will accumulate on the surface of the upper plate 62 and be transferred unidirectionally along the branch pipe 651 to the isolation space formed by the upper plate 62 and the lower plate 61. Since the gas in the isolation space is constant, with the continuous replenishment of the spray liquid, it can achieve the effect of forced gas-liquid mixing, and the spray neutralization effect is enhanced. As the upper plate 62 is raised, the spray liquid in the isolation space can be discharged through the unfilled through hole 66.

[0058] When the concentration of harmful gases in the gas exceeds the standard, the regulating component 6 is activated, which can force partial isolation of the gas and thus force gas-liquid mixing and contact. The other part of the gas is slowed down and treated by double-layer spraying and regulation, which comprehensively enhances the spraying neutralization and purification effect of the gas without being affected by the packing material, thereby improving the treatment efficiency.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] Please see Figure 11 The bottom of the lowest plate 61 is fitted with a container 13 by a fixing bracket. The bottom of one of the follower rods 9 is connected to a piston plate 12 located below the lowest plate 61. The piston plate 12 has multiple liquid inlets, and each liquid inlet is equipped with a check valve. The bottom of the container 13 is connected to a discharge pipe 11 with an L-shaped cross section. A filter screen 10 located below the discharge pipe 11 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the support rod 8.

[0061] There is a vertical gap between the filter screen 10 and the bottom of the follower rod 9, and the vertical gap is greater than the maximum displacement value of the follower rod 9. The depth value of the container 13 is equal to the maximum displacement value of the follower rod 9.

[0062] Specifically, in embodiment 1, to avoid incomplete dust removal in the bag filter 2 leading to a small amount of dust or grime in the gas entering the spray tower 1, during spraying, a substance similar to a scrub will form along with the spray liquid and adhere to the inner wall surface of the round hole 65 and the through hole 66. During the repeated insertion and connection of the upper plate 62 and the lower plate 61, the wear of the round hole 65 and the through hole 66 will be aggravated, and it will also block the one-way valve installed in the branch pipe 651, making it impossible for the subsequent one-way transfer of the spray liquid to be realized.

[0063] To improve the above issues, please refer to Figure 12 The filter screen 10 has a design with wider holes at the top and narrower holes at the bottom, and is located above the air inlet. It is used to intercept and filter the incoming gas. The spray liquid that falls onto the surface of the filter screen 10 after passing through two sets of adjustment components 6 can play a corresponding cleaning and unblocking role. However, there may be a problem that the spray liquid falls too slowly and the cleaning and unblocking force on the filter screen 10 is insufficient. Therefore, by using the lifting and lowering operation of the follower rod 9 (in this embodiment, the reciprocating lifting and lowering of the adjustment component 6, i.e., the follower rod 9, is not affected by the concentration of harmful gas and is started periodically), part of the spray liquid falls into the interior of the container 13 through the liquid inlet. Since the inner diameter of the container 13 is less than one-third of the inner diameter of the spray tower 1, the other part of the spray liquid falls can play a basic cleaning and unblocking role on the surface of the filter screen 10. Then, when the follower rod 9 descends, it drives the piston plate 12 to descend and squeeze the spray liquid in the container 13, so that it can wash the surface of the filter screen 10 at a certain initial speed, achieving a better washing effect.

[0064] In this embodiment, the filter screen 10, check valve, container 13, piston plate 12, and discharge pipe 11 are all designed to be corrosion resistant to ensure service life.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; it encompasses all the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A staged purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air pollution control, characterized in that, The system includes a spray tower (1), a bag filter (2), and a waste heat recovery frame (3) arranged in sequence. The specific steps are as follows: S1. The exhaust gas is introduced into the waste heat recovery frame (3). After the waste heat recovery treatment, the exhaust gas enters the bag filter (2). S2. After the gas is treated by the bag filter (2) for dust reduction, it is introduced into the spray tower (1). The gas is then subjected to forced purification by the regulating component (6) installed in the spray tower (1) and discharged through the outlet pipe (101). S3. Use the gas sensor installed in the outlet pipe (101) to detect whether the discharged gas meets the standard. If it does not meet the standard, it needs to be returned to the spray tower (1) for spray purification. If it meets the standard, it is discharged directly. The bottom wall of the spray tower (1) is equipped with two support rods (8). The spray tower (1) is equipped with two sets of adjustment components (6). The adjustment components (6) include a lower plate (61) and an upper plate (62) sleeved on the surface of the support rods (8). Multiple air pipes (63) are arranged through the interior of the lower plate (61). Multiple plug rods (64) are fixed at the bottom of the upper plate (62). Multiple through holes (66) are opened inside the lower plate (61). Multiple round holes (65) are opened inside the upper plate (62). A branch pipe (651) is connected through the inner wall of the round hole (65). A bracket (68) is installed on the top surface of the upper plate (62) through the round hole (65). A blocking block (67) is connected to the bottom of the bracket (68).

2. The graded purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air pollution control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number and diameter of the through holes (66) and the plug rod (64) are the same, the number and diameter of the round holes (65) and the vent pipe (63) are the same, and the diameter of the blocking block (67) is smaller than the diameter of the vent pipe (63), the diameter of the through holes (66) is smaller than the diameter of the round holes (65), and a one-way valve is installed inside the branch pipe (651).

3. The graded purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air pollution control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfaces of the lower plate (61) and the support rod (8) are fixedly connected, and the surfaces of the upper plate (62) and the support rod (8) are slidably connected. A follower rod (9) is installed inside the spray tower (1) and passes through the upper plate (62) and the lower plate (61), and the follower rod (9) slides through the interior of the lower plate (61). The follower rod (9) is fixedly connected to the upper plate (62). A heat insulation cylinder (5) is installed on the inner wall of the spray tower (1) near the top through a support frame. An electric push rod (52) is installed inside the heat insulation cylinder (5). The power end of the electric push rod (52) is connected to a linkage rod (51), and the bottom end of the linkage rod (51) is connected to a crossbar. The bottom of the crossbar is fixedly connected to the top of the follower rod (9). The length of the linkage rod (51) inside the heat insulation cylinder (5) is greater than the displacement of the electric push rod (52).

4. The graded purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air pollution control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the spray tower (1) is provided with an air outlet pipe (101), and a demister is installed on the top of the air outlet pipe (101). An inspection port (102) is installed on the surface of the spray tower (1). A gas sensor is installed at the air inlet of the spray tower (1) to detect the concentration of gas in the air inlet, which serves as the basis for starting the regulating component (6). An air inlet is provided on the inner wall of the spray tower (1).

5. The graded purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air pollution control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the spray tower (1) is equipped with a liquid storage frame (4), and a suction pump is installed inside the liquid storage frame (4). Two spray pipes (7) are installed inside the spray tower (1), and the two spray pipes (7) are located above the two regulating components (6). The spray pipes (7) and the liquid storage frame (4) are connected through the suction pump and the conduit connected to the surface of the suction pump.

6. The graded purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air pollution control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery frame (3) has a rectangular groove inside, and a water storage frame (301) with its top flush with the top of the rectangular groove is installed inside the rectangular groove by a support.

7. The graded purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air pollution control according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the lower plate (61) is fitted with a container (13) by a fixing bracket. The bottom of one of the follower rods (9) is connected to a piston plate (12) located below the lower plate (61). The piston plate (12) has multiple liquid inlets, and each liquid inlet is equipped with a check valve. The bottom of the container (13) is connected to a discharge pipe (11) with an L-shaped cross section. The surface of the support rod (8) is fixedly fitted with a filter screen (10) located below the discharge pipe (11).

8. The graded purification process for non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas based on air pollution control according to claim 7, characterized in that, There is a vertical distance between the bottom of the filter screen (10) and the follower rod (9), and the vertical distance is greater than the maximum displacement value of the follower rod (9). The depth value of the container (13) is equal to the maximum displacement value of the follower rod (9).

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