A national land geology and mineral resources survey sampling device

Abstract

The present application relates to mineral resources exploration technical field, especially to a kind of geological mineral resources exploration sampling equipment of state land.Its technical scheme includes: vehicle frame, and drilling module is installed on vehicle frame by lower tube module.The drilling module is made of coaxially nested outer cylinder, central axle and at least three groups of circumferentially distributed planetary gear sets.The top of outer cylinder is provided with connecting seat, the bottom is equipped with drill bit, the inner wall is opened second thread, and the side wall is provided with water pipe connector;The central axle is movably mounted in the outer cylinder, the top is provided with connecting pipe, the bottom is fixed coring pipe, the outer wall is opened first thread, and both ends are provided with first gear section.The planetary gear set includes planetary roller and retainer, the outer wall of roller is opened third thread, and both ends are provided with second gear section.A ring-shaped orifice is formed between central axle and drill bit, and the outer cylinder is rotated to realize the synchronous feeding of coring pipe and drill bit cutting footage.The present application realizes synchronous feeding, self-adaptive overload protection and intelligent flow regulation and slag discharge by differential gear train and planetary roller screw pair composite transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral resource exploration technology, specifically to a land geological mineral resource exploration and sampling device. Background Technology

[0002] Geological and mineral resource exploration is a core and fundamental aspect of mineral resource reserve assessment, geological environment investigation, land spatial planning, and geological disaster prevention. Core drilling and sampling is the most direct and reliable technical means to obtain information on the true physical properties, chemical composition, and geological structure of underground strata. The performance of drilling and sampling equipment directly determines the integrity of the obtained core samples and the accuracy of the exploration data. It also directly affects the efficiency, safety, and adaptability to complex environments of field exploration operations, making it one of the core pieces of equipment in geological and mineral exploration.

[0003] As my country's land exploration work extends to deeper strata and complex terrain areas, the demands on drilling and sampling equipment have increased. The equipment not only needs high-precision drilling feed control to ensure complete core sampling, but also requires strong impact resistance and high overload protection to adapt to complex geological conditions such as hard rock interlayers and fractured strata. Simultaneously, it must consider mobility, integration, and ease of operation in the field. Currently, existing conventional geological and mineral exploration drilling and sampling equipment still has many technical shortcomings in practical engineering applications, making it difficult to meet the comprehensive needs of current deep and complex strata exploration operations.

[0004] Existing conventional drilling and sampling equipment often employs a split-type dual-drive structure or a single-screw drive structure for drill bit cutting and core tube sampling. The split-type dual-drive structure, with its two independent drive mechanisms controlling the feed of the drill bit and core tube respectively, is highly susceptible to asynchronous feeding issues due to formation resistance fluctuations and electrical control system response delays. This can lead to the core tube prematurely compressing the rock core or lagging behind, causing core breakage, wear, and disturbance from mud erosion. This severely reduces core recovery rate and sample integrity, and may even render the sample unusable, failing to provide reliable basic data for geological exploration.

[0005] The overload protection mechanisms of existing drilling and sampling equipment have significant shortcomings. Conventional equipment mostly uses a single shear pin-type mechanical protection or electronic overload protection. Shear pin-type protection requires the shear pin to break and cut off the power transmission when overloaded. After triggering, the machine must be stopped and the shear pin replaced before operations can resume. It cannot achieve automatic reset. However, field exploration operations are mostly located in remote areas with limited equipment maintenance conditions. Frequent shutdowns to replace parts significantly extend the operation cycle and reduce the continuity of drilling operations. Electronic overload protection relies on torque and pressure sensors and electrical control systems to achieve shutdown protection. In the harsh operating environment of the field, with humidity, dust, and strong vibration, sensors are prone to failure and data drift, making it difficult to guarantee the reliability of the protection action. Moreover, most of these protections can only trigger the entire machine to stop, and cannot achieve adaptive processing of working conditions without stopping the machine, making it difficult to cope with complex working conditions with sudden changes in formation resistance. Meanwhile, most existing protection schemes only provide protection against overload of rotational torque, without setting up an independent graded protection mechanism for overload of axial feed force. When the bottom of the hole encounters a high-strength hard rock interlayer, causing a sudden increase in axial feed resistance, it is very easy to cause problems such as core tube extrusion deformation, internal rock core breakage and scrapping, and even rigid damage to the transmission mechanism, which greatly increases the equipment failure rate and maintenance costs, making it difficult to adapt to the continuous drilling operation requirements of complex strata. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling device, which solves the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0007] The solution of the present invention to the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0008] This invention provides a land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling device, including a chassis, on which a drilling module is mounted via a lower pipe module.

[0009] The drilling module includes an outer cylinder and a central wheel shaft, which are coaxially nested, and at least three sets of planetary gear sets evenly distributed circumferentially between them. The top of the outer cylinder is provided with a connecting seat that is threaded to the drilling head, and the bottom is equipped with a drill bit. The inner wall has a second thread, and the side wall has a water pipe connector that communicates with a water pump. The central wheel shaft is coaxially and movably installed in the outer cylinder. The top is provided with a connecting pipe, and the bottom is fixed with a core tube. The outer wall has a first thread, and the first thread has a first gear segment at both ends axially. The planetary gear set includes planetary rollers and a cage. The outer wall of the planetary rollers has a third thread that meshes with the first thread and the second thread. The third thread has a second gear segment at both ends axially. The second gear segment meshes to form a differential gear train, and the third thread meshes to form a planetary roller screw pair. An annular throttling orifice is formed between the central wheel shaft and the drill bit to adjust the flow. When the outer cylinder rotates, the core tube and the drill bit cutting footage are fed synchronously.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting frame is fixedly installed at one end of the frame, and a lower pipe module with a drilling head is installed at the end of the frame away from the connecting frame. A limiting frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lower pipe module. A water tank, a water pump and a control console are also fixedly installed on the frame. The water pump inlet is connected to the water tank and the water outlet is connected to the drilling module. The drilling module is radially limited by the limiting frame and the drilling head provides rotation and axial feed power.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0013] By integrating the downpipe module, water tank, water pump, and control console into a single chassis, along with the connecting frame at the end of the chassis, an integrated modular layout of the equipment is achieved. This allows for quick docking and fixation with the work platform, significantly shortening equipment deployment time for field surveys and reducing on-site setup difficulty. The radial limiting constraint of the drilling module by the limiting frame effectively suppresses radial sway and deviation during the rotation and feeding of the drilling module, ensuring the coaxiality and straightness accuracy of the drilling operation and improving the quality of the borehole. At the same time, the integration of power supply, flushing fluid circulation, and electrical control forms a complete closed-loop operating system, reducing the need for external accessories in field operations and improving the equipment's mobility and adaptability to complex field environments.

[0014] Furthermore, the planetary gear set is provided in three sets, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer cylinder; the cage includes a front planetary carrier and a rear planetary carrier arranged coaxially, which are respectively sleeved on the axial ends of the planetary rollers, and the ends of the planetary rollers are rotatably connected to the front planetary carrier and the rear planetary carrier respectively.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0016] The three-set planetary gear set structure with uniform circumferential distribution can evenly distribute the transmission load to the three sets of meshing transmission surfaces, significantly reducing the contact stress of a single set of meshing surfaces, improving the load-bearing capacity and impact resistance of the transmission system, while ensuring uniform force on the central gear shaft, avoiding transmission jamming and component wear caused by uneven load. The front and rear split planetary carrier structures can form stable rotational support and circumferential positioning at both ends of the planetary rollers, effectively restraining the axial movement and radial runout of the planetary rollers, ensuring precise alignment of gear meshing and thread meshing, eliminating transmission phase difference, improving the operational stability and transmission accuracy of the transmission system, and the split cage structure facilitates the assembly, maintenance and component replacement of the planetary gear set, reducing the difficulty of equipment operation and maintenance.

[0017] Furthermore, the planetary roller is a solid coaxial rotating body structure, and the second gear segment and the third thread are coaxial non-jointed structures integrally machined on the same planetary roller. Support journals are also integrally provided at both ends of the planetary roller, and the support journals are respectively clearance-fitted with the corresponding support holes of the front planetary carrier and the rear planetary carrier.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0019] The planetary rollers, employing a solid coaxial rotating body structure, possess higher structural strength and resistance to torsion and bending compared to hollow structures. They can withstand greater rotational torque and axial loads, making them suitable for high-load conditions such as hard rock drilling. By using the same planetary roller to integrally machine the second gear section and the third thread into a coaxial, seamless structure, the coaxiality deviation and transmission phase difference caused by spliced ​​structures are fundamentally eliminated. This ensures strict synchronization between gear meshing and threaded screw transmission, avoiding feed deviations caused by asynchronous transmission and guaranteeing the synchronization accuracy of core feeding and drill cutting. The integrated support journals at both ends, with clearance fit to the planetary carrier support holes, ensure smooth rotation of the planetary rollers, reduce transmission friction loss, and provide precise radial positioning of the planetary rollers, further enhancing the operational stability and service life of the transmission system.

[0020] Furthermore, the second gear segment of the planetary roller meshes internally with the first gear segment of the central wheel shaft, and the module and pressure angle of the second gear segment and the first gear segment are the same.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0022] By setting the second gear segment of the planetary roller and the first gear segment of the central wheel shaft as an internal meshing structure with completely identical module and pressure angle, precise gear meshing can be ensured, eliminating transmission backlash caused by meshing backlash and improving the transmission accuracy and response speed of the differential gear train. The consistent module and pressure angle design allows for uniform distribution of contact stress on the gear meshing surface, avoiding problems such as local stress concentration, pitting, and wear on the tooth surface caused by mismatched meshing parameters, and significantly improving the load-bearing capacity and service life of the gear transmission mechanism. At the same time, compared with external meshing, the internal meshing transmission structure has a greater overlap, smoother transmission, and less impact and vibration, which can effectively reduce rotational vibration during drilling operations and further improve the stability and hole formation accuracy of drilling operations.

[0023] Furthermore, the first thread, the second thread, and the third thread are all double circular arc thread raceway structures, and their lead, tooth profile, and number of threads are all the same; the thread lead of the planetary roller screw pair is matched with the transmission ratio of the differential gear train, so that the axial feed of the central wheel shaft is equal to the single-rotation cutting feed of the drill bit for each revolution of the outer cylinder.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0025] The threaded meshing pair employing a double-circular-arc thread raceway structure has a larger meshing contact area and a more uniform load distribution compared to traditional trapezoidal and triangular threads. This significantly improves the load-bearing capacity, impact resistance, and wear resistance of the threaded transmission pair, reduces the wear rate of the thread raceway, and extends the service life of the transmission mechanism. By setting the lead, tooth profile, and number of starts of the first, second, and third threads to be completely identical, the meshing transmission of the planetary roller screw pair is guaranteed to be smooth and jam-free throughout the entire process, eliminating transmission jamming and crawling phenomena caused by mismatched thread parameters, and improving the stability of the transmission. At the same time, by precisely matching the thread lead of the planetary roller screw pair with the transmission ratio of the differential gear train, the axial feed of the central wheel shaft and the cutting feed of the drill bit are completely equal in a single revolution of the outer cylinder. From the transmission principle, this ensures synchronous and error-free feeding of the coring tube and the drill bit, completely avoiding the squeezing and scraping damage of the core to the rock core by the coring tube, greatly improving the core recovery rate and sample integrity, and ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of geological exploration data.

[0026] Furthermore, the outer cylinder is a hollow rotating body structure, and the outer cylinder is connected to the water pipe joint through a connecting pipe. The opening of the annular throttling orifice increases or decreases with the axial feed and retraction of the central wheel shaft.

[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0028] The outer cylinder, employing a hollow rotating structure, provides a sealed installation space for the differential gear train and planetary roller screw pair, preventing dust and mud from entering the transmission mechanism and causing wear and jamming during field operations. Simultaneously, the internal cavity can directly serve as a channel for conveying flushing fluid, eliminating the need for separate pipelines, simplifying the equipment structure and improving space utilization. A connecting pipe connects the water pipe joint to the inner cavity of the outer cylinder, ensuring a stable and continuous delivery of flushing fluid to the working surface at the bottom of the borehole, forming a complete flushing fluid circulation loop. By linking the opening of the annular throttle orifice with the axial displacement of the central wheel shaft, the flow area of ​​the flushing fluid can be automatically adjusted through the feed and retraction of the central wheel shaft, thereby achieving adaptive dynamic adjustment of the flushing fluid flow rate and injection pressure. This eliminates the need for an additional electrically controlled regulating valve, simplifying the control system and improving the response speed and reliability of flow regulation. It can adapt in real-time to the cooling and slag removal needs of different working conditions at the bottom of the borehole.

[0029] Furthermore, the gear meshing surfaces of the differential gear train are preset with a rated contact stress threshold. When the rotational torque of the outer cylinder exceeds the rated value, the gear meshing surfaces automatically slip to cut off torque transmission. Simultaneously with the gear meshing surfaces slipping due to overload, the central gear shaft automatically retracts axially, widening the opening of the annular throttle orifice formed between it and the drill bit, increasing the flushing fluid flow rate to clean rock powder at the bottom of the hole. After the drilling resistance at the bottom of the hole decreases, the gear meshing surfaces automatically resume normal meshing and feed. Additionally, the thread raceway meshing surfaces of the planetary roller screw pair where the planetary rollers are located are preset with a rated axial contact... The stress threshold is set so that when the axial feed force of the center wheel shaft exceeds the rated value, the thread raceway meshing surface automatically slips to stop the axial feed of the center wheel shaft. At this time, the outer cylinder maintains normal rotation driven by the drilling head, synchronously driving the drill bit to continue rotating to break through the hard rock obstacle at the bottom of the hole and grind the rock cuttings. At the same time, the outer cylinder continuously delivers flushing fluid through the water pipe joint on the side wall to complete the drill bit cooling and the slag removal operation in the hole. When the axial feed resistance drops back to within the rated value, the thread raceway meshing surface automatically resumes normal meshing, and the center wheel shaft resumes axial feed synchronous with the rotation of the outer cylinder.

[0030] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0031] Through a dual-stage preset threshold slippage protection design between the differential gear meshing surface and the planetary roller screw thread raceway meshing surface, a dual-stage protection system for rotary torque overload and axial feed force overload is formed, which is independent yet coordinated. This system can comprehensively cope with extreme working conditions such as stuck drill, hard rock impact, and sudden changes in formation resistance, preventing rigid damage to the transmission mechanism due to overload. At the same time, it prevents the coring tube and rock core from being crushed and scrapped due to axial overload, thus ensuring the safety of the equipment body and the sample. Through the linkage design of differential gear overload slippage, central wheel shaft retraction, and annular throttle opening expansion, adaptive linkage between torque overload and flushing fluid slag discharge capacity is achieved. The system can instantly increase the flow rate and flushing force of the flushing fluid when drilling resistance increases due to rock powder accumulation at the bottom of the hole, thus automatically cleaning the rock powder and preventing stuck drill and clogging accidents from the source, without the need for manual intervention or machine shutdown. At the same time, both-stage overload protection adopt an automatic slippage and automatic reset design after the working condition is restored. During the overload handling process, the outer cylinder can maintain normal rotation operation, continuously completing hard rock breaking, cuttings grinding, drill bit cooling, and slag removal in the hole. It can complete the adaptive handling of extreme working conditions without stopping the machine, greatly reducing downtime maintenance time and significantly improving the continuity of drilling operations, work efficiency, and adaptability to complex formations.

[0032] Furthermore, the lower pipe module includes a vertically fixed feed slide, the drilling head is slidably installed on the feed slide, the limiting frame is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the feed slide, the limiting frame is provided with a limiting through hole adapted to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder passes through the limiting through hole.

[0033] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0034] Using a vertically fixed feed slide as the feed guide structure for the drilling rig head ensures the straightness accuracy of the axial feed and lifting process of the drilling module driven by the drilling rig head, avoiding deviation and swaying during the feed process, ensuring precise control of drilling feed, and improving the accuracy of drilling depth and hole formation. The limit frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the feed slide, ensuring that the limit through-hole is strictly coaxial with the rotation center of the feed slide and the drilling rig head. This provides full-range radial constraint on the outer cylinder, effectively suppressing radial runout and sway during the rotation of the outer cylinder, further ensuring the rotational coaxiality of the drilling operation and preventing borehole deviation. Simultaneously, the limit through-hole is adapted to the outer cylinder's outer diameter, ensuring smooth rotation and axial feed of the outer cylinder, and providing guidance and support for the outer cylinder during drill lifting and lowering, reducing the operational difficulty of pipe lowering and improving operational safety.

[0035] Furthermore, the outlet of the water pump is connected to the water pipe connector on the outer cylinder through a high-pressure hose, and the control console is electrically connected to the drilling head and the water pump respectively, for controlling the rotation speed, direction, axial feed speed of the drilling head, and the output flow rate of the water pump.

[0036] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are:

[0037] High-pressure hoses are used to connect the water pump to the water pipe joints of the outer cylinder, which can adapt to the displacement changes during the axial feed and lifting of the drilling module, ensuring the sealing reliability of the flushing fluid throughout the entire process, avoiding high-pressure flushing fluid leakage, and ensuring stable flushing fluid delivery pressure and flow rate. The centralized electrical connection design between the control console, drilling rig, and water pump enables integrated centralized control of equipment operating parameters. Operators can precisely adjust the drilling rig's rotation speed, direction, axial feed speed, and water pump output flow rate through the control console. Operating parameters can be quickly adapted and adjusted according to the rock and soil characteristics of different strata and different stages of drilling operations, significantly improving the equipment's adaptability to different geological conditions and lowering the operational threshold for field personnel. Simultaneously, the centralized control system enables coordinated control of drilling actions and flushing fluid supply, improving the automation level and response speed of equipment operation, further ensuring the safety and efficiency of drilling operations.

[0038] Therefore, the sampling equipment for land geological and mineral resource exploration provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] By employing a coaxial nested composite coupling transmission design of differential gear train and planetary roller screw pair, the strict synchronization of drill bit cutting feed and core tube sampling feed is fundamentally achieved, significantly improving the integrity of geological sampling and the authenticity of exploration data. In existing conventional drilling and sampling equipment, drill bit cutting feed and core tube feed often adopt a separate drive or single screw transmission structure. This is prone to asynchronous feed due to transmission phase differences and formation resistance fluctuations, leading to compression and scraping of the core by the core tube, causing core fracture, wear, or structural disturbance, severely affecting the accuracy and reliability of geological and mineral exploration and testing data. This solution completely eliminates the phase difference between gear meshing and screw drive by using an integrated coaxial design for the gear drive section and threaded drive section of the planetary roller screw. Simultaneously, by precisely matching the thread lead of the planetary roller screw pair with the transmission ratio of the differential gear train, the axial feed of the core tube driven by the central wheel shaft is exactly equal to the cutting depth of the drill bit per revolution of the outer cylinder. This achieves synchronous, error-free feeding of the core tube and the drill bit. The core tube can simultaneously follow the drill bit to seal and protect the core as it cuts through the rock and soil to form a core, completely avoiding mechanical disturbance to the core during drilling. This significantly improves the core recovery rate and integrity, providing a real and complete basic sample for the assessment and characteristic analysis of geological and mineral resources.

[0040] The planetary roller screw pair adopts a double-circular-arc thread raceway structure, which, compared with the traditional ball screw, has a larger meshing contact area and a more uniform load distribution. It can achieve several times the rated dynamic and static loads, possessing extremely strong impact load resistance, and is perfectly suited for drilling operations in complex geological conditions such as hard rock interlayers and fractured strata. Simultaneously, the circumferentially distributed multi-set planetary gear design ensures that the transmission load is evenly distributed across multiple meshing surfaces, significantly reducing the contact stress on a single meshing surface, effectively reducing wear on transmission components, and significantly extending the continuous operating life of the equipment. Furthermore, the coaxial nesting layout of the outer cylinder, central shaft, and planetary gear set, combined with the radial limiting design of the bottom limit frame of the lower pipe module, ensures the rotational coaxiality and feed straightness accuracy throughout the drilling operation, effectively suppressing radial vibration during rotation, preventing borehole deviation from the source, and significantly improving the quality and accuracy of drilling.

[0041] The annular throttling orifice formed between the central wheel shaft and the drill bit serves as the core control structure for flushing fluid flow. This system links the orifice opening with the torque overload slippage of the differential gear train. When rock dust accumulation at the bottom of the borehole causes the drilling torque to rise to the rated threshold, the differential gear meshing surface automatically slips, cutting off torque transmission. This causes the central wheel shaft to automatically retract axially, expanding the orifice opening and instantly increasing the flushing fluid flow area, output flow rate, and bottom-hole scouring force, effectively removing the accumulated rock dust. Once the rock dust removal is complete and the drilling resistance returns to normal, the differential gear train automatically resumes normal meshing, the central wheel shaft synchronously resets, and the orifice returns to its initial opening, returning to normal flushing circulation. The entire flow adjustment and slag removal process requires no manual intervention or downtime, enabling real-time adaptive response to bottom-hole conditions. This avoids drill jamming and clogging accidents caused by rock dust accumulation from the source, significantly improving the safety and continuous operation efficiency of drilling operations in complex formations.

[0042] The system addresses two extreme conditions: rotational torque overload and axial feed force overload. It automatically handles and resets overload conditions without requiring system shutdown, comprehensively ensuring the safety of both the equipment and the sampled material, and significantly improving the equipment's adaptability to complex geological formations. The first level is rotational torque overload protection. By pre-setting a rated contact stress threshold on the gear meshing surface of the differential gear train, when the rotational torque of the outer cylinder exceeds the limit, the gear meshing surface automatically slips and cuts off torque transmission, preventing rigid damage to the transmission mechanism due to overload. Simultaneously, it activates the adaptive flow adjustment and slag removal function to repair the bottom hole condition. The second level is axial feed force overload protection. By pre-setting a rated axial contact stress threshold on the threaded raceway meshing surface of the planetary roller screw pair, when the axial feed resistance of the central wheel shaft exceeds the limit, the threaded raceway meshing surface automatically... If slippage occurs, the axial feed of the central wheel shaft immediately stops to prevent damage to the core tube and the internally stored rock core due to axial overload. Simultaneously, the outer cylinder maintains normal rotation of the drill head drive, synchronously driving the drill bit to continue rotating. This continuously breaks up hard rock obstacles at the bottom of the hole and grinds and refines rock cuttings. Combined with continuously supplied flushing fluid, this cools the drill bit and removes slag from the hole. Once the hard rock is broken up and the axial feed resistance returns to the rated range, the threaded raceway meshing surface automatically resumes normal engagement, and the central wheel shaft resumes synchronous axial feed. This dual-level protection mechanism operates independently yet collaboratively, enabling uninterrupted adaptive handling under extreme conditions. It avoids overload damage to core components, ensures the integrity of the sampled rock core, significantly reduces downtime, and substantially improves the continuous operation capability and adaptability to complex formations in drilling operations. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0044] In the attached diagram:

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main appearance of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the drilling module of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling module of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary gear set and the central gear shaft in the present invention.

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the central wheel axle of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the planetary rollers of the present invention.

[0052] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0053] 1. Chassis; 101. Water Tank; 102. Connecting Frame; 103. Water Pump; 104. Control Console; 2. Lower Pipe Module; 201. Drilling Head; 202. Limiting Frame; 3. Drilling Module; 301. Connecting Seat; 302. Connecting Pipe; 303. First Gear Section; 304. Outer Cylinder; 305. First Thread; 306. Planetary Gear Set; 307. Central Axle; 308. Core Sampling Tube; 309. Second Thread; 310. Drill Bit; 311. Water Pipe Connector; 312. Planetary Roller; 313. Second Gear Section; 314. Third Thread; 315. Cage. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Please see Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the embodiments provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0056] Example 1

[0057] A land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling device includes a chassis 1, on which a drilling module 3 is mounted via a lower pipe module 2.

[0058] Drilling module 3 includes an outer cylinder 304 and a central wheel axle 307, which are coaxially nested, and at least three sets of planetary gear sets 306 evenly distributed circumferentially between them. The outer cylinder 304 has a connecting seat 301 at its top end that is threadedly connected to the drilling head 201, a drill bit 310 at its bottom end, a second thread 309 on its inner wall, and a water pipe connector 311 on its side wall that communicates with the water pump 103. The central wheel axle 307 is coaxially and movably installed inside the outer cylinder 304, with a connecting pipe 302 at its top end and a core sampling pipe 308 fixed at its bottom end. A first thread 305 is formed on its outer wall. The first gear section 303 is provided at both ends of the axial direction; the planetary gear set 306 includes planetary rollers 312 and cages 315. The outer wall of the planetary rollers 312 is provided with a third thread 314 that meshes with the first thread 305 and the second thread 309. The second gear section 313 is provided at both ends of the axial direction of the third thread 314; the second gear section 313 meshes to form a differential gear train, and the third thread 314 meshes to form a planetary roller screw pair. An annular throttling orifice for flow adjustment is formed between the central gear shaft 307 and the drill bit 310. When the outer cylinder 304 rotates, the core tube 308 and the drill bit 310 are fed synchronously for cutting.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] To achieve integrated equipment and efficient, stable drilling operations, for example, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention also includes:

[0061] A connecting frame 102 is fixedly installed at one end of the frame 1. A lower pipe module 2 with a drilling head 201 is installed at the end of the frame 1 opposite to the connecting frame 102. A limiting frame 202 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lower pipe module 2. A water tank 101, a water pump 103, and a control console 104 are also fixedly installed on the frame 1. The water inlet of the water pump 103 is connected to the water tank 101, and the water outlet is connected to the drilling module 3. The drilling module 3 is radially limited by the limiting frame 202 and is provided with rotational and axial feed power by the drilling head 201. By integrating the lower pipe module 2, water tank 101, water pump 103, and control console 104 into the same frame 1, and cooperating with the end of the frame 1, the lower pipe module 2, water tank 101, water pump 103, and control console 104 are fully integrated into the same frame 1. The connecting frame 102 realizes the integrated modular layout of the equipment, which can be quickly docked and fixed with the working carrier, greatly shortening the equipment deployment time for field exploration operations and reducing the difficulty of on-site setup. Through the radial limiting constraint of the drilling module 3 by the limiting frame 202, the radial sway and deviation of the drilling module 3 during rotation and feeding can be effectively suppressed, ensuring the coaxiality and feed straightness accuracy of drilling operations and improving the hole quality. At the same time, the power supply, flushing fluid circulation and electrical control are integrated into one, forming a complete closed-loop operating system, reducing the external supporting requirements for field operations and improving the mobility of the equipment and its adaptability to complex field environments.

[0062] The outlet of water pump 103 is connected to water pipe connector 311 on outer cylinder 304 via a high-pressure hose. Control console 104 is electrically connected to drilling head 201 and water pump 103, respectively, to control the rotational speed, direction, and axial feed speed of drilling head 201, as well as the output flow rate of water pump 103. The high-pressure hose connects water pump 103 to water pipe connector 311 on outer cylinder 304, adapting to displacement changes during the axial feed and lifting process of drilling module 3, ensuring the sealing reliability of flushing fluid throughout the delivery process, preventing high-pressure flushing fluid leakage, and ensuring stable flushing fluid delivery pressure and flow rate. The control console 104 connects to drilling head 201 and water pump 103. The centralized electrical connection design of the 3-pin system enables integrated centralized control of equipment operating parameters. Operators can precisely adjust the rotation speed, direction, axial feed speed of the drilling head 201, and the output flow rate of the water pump 103 through the control console 104. The operating parameters can be quickly adapted and adjusted according to the rock and soil characteristics of different strata and different stages of drilling operations, which greatly improves the equipment's adaptability to different geological conditions and lowers the operating threshold for field personnel. At the same time, the centralized control system can realize the coordinated control of drilling actions and flushing fluid supply, improve the automation level and response speed of equipment operation, and further ensure the safety and efficiency of drilling operations.

[0063] The lower pipe module 2 includes a vertically fixed feed slide. The drilling head 201 is slidably mounted on the feed slide, and the limiting frame 202 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the feed slide. The limiting frame 202 has a limiting through hole that matches the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 304. The outer cylinder 304 passes through the limiting through hole. The use of a vertically fixed feed slide as the feed guide structure for the drilling head 201 can ensure the straightness accuracy of the axial feed and lifting process of the drilling head 201 driving the drilling module 3, avoid deviation and shaking during the feed process, ensure precise control of drilling feed, and improve the accuracy of control over drilling depth and hole formation accuracy. The limiting frame 202 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the feed slide, so that the limiting through hole is strictly coaxial with the rotation center of the feed slide and the drilling head 201. This can form a full-process radial limiting constraint on the outer cylinder 304, effectively suppressing the radial runout and sway of the outer cylinder 304 during rotation, further ensuring the rotational coaxiality of the drilling operation and avoiding borehole deviation. At the same time, the limiting through hole is adapted to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 304, which not only ensures the smoothness of the rotation and axial feed of the outer cylinder 304, but also provides guidance and support for the outer cylinder 304 during the lifting and lowering of the drill, reducing the operational difficulty of the lowering operation and improving the operational safety.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] To optimize the internal transmission and fluid transport structure of drilling equipment, simplify the overall layout, improve the stability of the transmission mechanism and the adaptive adjustment capability of flushing fluid supply, and adapt to complex formation drilling conditions, for example, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention also includes:

[0066] The outer cylinder 304 is a hollow rotating body structure. It is connected to the water pipe connector 311 via a connecting pipe 302. The opening of the annular throttling orifice increases or decreases with the axial feed and retraction of the central wheel shaft 307. The hollow rotating body structure of the outer cylinder 304 provides a sealed installation space for the differential gear train and the planetary roller screw pair 312, preventing dust and mud from entering the transmission mechanism and causing wear and jamming during field operations. Simultaneously, the internal cavity can directly serve as a channel for conveying flushing fluid, eliminating the need for additional independent pipelines, simplifying the equipment structure, and improving space utilization. The water pipe connector 311 is connected to the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 304 through the connecting pipe 302, ensuring that the flushing fluid can be stably and continuously delivered to the working surface at the bottom of the hole, forming a complete flushing fluid circulation loop. The opening of the annular throttle orifice is linked to the axial displacement of the central wheel shaft 307. The flow area of ​​the flushing fluid can be automatically adjusted by the feed and retraction of the central wheel shaft 307, thereby realizing the adaptive dynamic adjustment of the flushing fluid flow rate and injection pressure. There is no need to set up an additional electronic control regulating valve, which simplifies the control system, improves the response speed and reliability of flow regulation, and can adapt to the cooling and slag discharge requirements of different working conditions at the bottom of the hole in real time.

[0067] The planetary gear set 306 comprises three sets, evenly distributed circumferentially along the outer cylinder 304. The cage 315 includes a coaxially arranged front planetary carrier and a rear planetary carrier, which are respectively fitted onto the axial ends of the planetary rollers 312. The ends of the planetary rollers 312 are rotatably connected to the front and rear planetary carriers, respectively. This structure, employing three circumferentially evenly distributed planetary gear sets 306, can evenly distribute the transmission load to three sets of meshing transmission surfaces, significantly reducing the contact stress on a single meshing surface and improving the load-bearing capacity and impact resistance of the transmission system. To ensure uniform force distribution on the central axle 307 and avoid transmission jamming and component wear caused by uneven loading; the front and rear split planetary carrier structures provide stable rotational support and circumferential positioning for both ends of the planetary rollers 312, effectively constraining the axial movement and radial runout of the planetary rollers 312, ensuring precise alignment of gear meshing and thread meshing, eliminating transmission phase difference, and improving the operational stability and transmission accuracy of the transmission system. At the same time, the split cage 315 structure facilitates the assembly, maintenance, and component replacement of the planetary gear set 306, reducing the difficulty of equipment operation and maintenance.

[0068] The planetary roller 312 is a solid coaxial rotating body structure. The second gear segment 313 and the third thread 314 are integrally machined on the same planetary roller 312, forming a coaxial, seamless structure. Support journals are also integrally provided at both axial ends of the planetary roller 312. These support journals are clearance-fitted with corresponding support holes on the front and rear planetary carriers, respectively. Compared to hollow structures, the solid coaxial rotating body structure of the planetary roller 312 provides higher structural strength and resistance to torsion and bending, allowing it to withstand greater rotational torque and axial loads, making it suitable for high-load conditions such as hard rock drilling. By connecting the second gear segment 313 and the third thread 314... 14. The coaxial, seamless structure, formed by integral machining of the same planetary roller 312, fundamentally eliminates the coaxiality deviation and transmission phase difference caused by spliced ​​structures, ensuring strict synchronization between gear meshing and screw transmission, avoiding feed deviation caused by asynchronous transmission, and ensuring the synchronization accuracy of core feeding and drill bit 310 cutting; the integrated support journals at both ends are clearance-fitted with the planetary carrier support holes, which not only ensures the smooth rotation of the planetary roller 312 and reduces transmission friction loss, but also forms a precise radial limit for the planetary roller 312, further improving the operational stability and service life of the transmission system.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] To improve the coaxiality and synchronization accuracy of the drilling transmission system, eliminate transmission errors, ensure the integrity of core sampling, and enhance the load-bearing and wear-resistant performance of the transmission mechanism, for example, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention also includes:

[0071] The second gear segment 313 of the planetary roller 312 meshes internally with the first gear segment 303 of the central gear shaft 307. The module and pressure angle of the second gear segment 313 and the first gear segment 303 are the same. By setting the second gear segment 313 of the planetary roller 312 and the first gear segment 303 of the central gear shaft 307 as an internal meshing structure with completely consistent module and pressure angle, the precise meshing of the gears can be guaranteed, eliminating the transmission backlash caused by meshing backlash and improving the transmission accuracy and response speed of the differential gear train. The consistent module and pressure angle design can make the contact stress of the gear meshing surface evenly distributed, avoiding problems such as local stress concentration, pitting, and wear on the tooth surface caused by mismatched meshing parameters, and significantly improving the load-bearing capacity and service life of the gear transmission mechanism. At the same time, compared with external meshing, the internal meshing transmission structure has a greater overlap, smoother transmission, and less impact and vibration, which can effectively reduce rotational vibration during drilling operations and further improve the stability and hole accuracy of drilling operations.

[0072] The first thread 305, the second thread 309, and the third thread 314 all have a double-circular-arc thread raceway structure, and their lead, tooth profile, and number of starts are all the same. The thread lead of the planetary roller 312 screw pair is matched with the transmission ratio of the differential gear train, so that the axial feed of the central wheel shaft 307 is equal to the cutting feed of the drill bit 310 per revolution of the outer cylinder 304. The thread meshing pair with the double-circular-arc thread raceway structure has a larger meshing contact area and a more uniform load distribution compared to traditional trapezoidal threads and triangular threads. This can significantly improve the load-bearing capacity, impact resistance, and wear resistance of the thread transmission pair, reduce the wear rate of the thread raceway, and extend the service life of the transmission mechanism. By combining the first thread 305, the second thread 309, and the third thread 314, The lead, tooth profile, and number of starts of the third thread 314 are set to be completely consistent, which can ensure that the meshing transmission of the planetary roller 312 screw pair is smooth and without jamming throughout the entire process, eliminating transmission jamming and crawling phenomena caused by mismatched thread parameters, and improving the stability of transmission. At the same time, by precisely matching the thread lead of the planetary roller 312 screw pair with the transmission ratio of the differential gear train, the axial feed of the central wheel shaft 307 and the cutting feed of the drill bit 310 are completely equal in a single rotation cycle of the outer cylinder 304. From the transmission principle, this ensures that the core tube 308 and the drill bit 310 feed synchronously without difference, completely avoiding the squeezing and scraping damage of the core tube 308 to the rock core, greatly improving the core recovery rate and sample integrity, and ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of geological exploration data.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] To cope with extreme conditions such as stuck drill bits and overload impacts during field drilling, and to achieve dual-level overload adaptive protection for equipment, thus preventing equipment damage and core waste and improving the continuity and safety of drilling operations, for example, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention also includes:

[0075] The gear meshing surfaces of the differential gear train are preset with a rated contact stress threshold. When the rotational torque of the outer cylinder 304 exceeds the rated value, the gear meshing surfaces automatically slip to cut off torque transmission. Simultaneously with the gear meshing surfaces slipping due to overload, the central gear shaft 307 automatically retracts axially, widening the opening of the annular throttle orifice formed between it and the drill bit 310, increasing the flushing fluid flow rate to clean rock powder at the bottom of the hole. After the drilling resistance at the bottom of the hole decreases, the gear meshing surfaces automatically resume normal meshing and feed. Furthermore, the thread raceway meshing surfaces of the planetary roller screw pair where the planetary rollers 312 are located are preset with a rated axial contact stress threshold. When the axial feed force of the central gear shaft 307 exceeds... At the rated value, the thread raceway meshing surface automatically slips to stop the axial feed of the center wheel shaft 307. At this time, the outer cylinder 304 maintains normal rotation driven by the drilling head 201, synchronously driving the drill bit 310 to continuously rotate to break through the hard rock obstacle at the bottom of the hole and grind the rock cuttings. At the same time, the outer cylinder 304 continuously delivers flushing fluid through the water pipe joint 311 on the side wall to complete the cooling of the drill bit 310 and the removal of cuttings in the hole. When the axial feed resistance drops back to within the rated value, the thread raceway meshing surface automatically resumes normal meshing, and the center wheel shaft 307 resumes axial feed synchronized with the rotation of the outer cylinder 304. Through the differential gear meshing surface and the planetary rollers 3 The dual-stage preset threshold slippage protection design of the 12-screw pair thread raceway meshing surface forms an independent yet coordinated dual-stage protection system for rotary torque overload and axial feed force overload. This system can comprehensively cope with extreme working conditions such as stuck drill, hard rock impact, and sudden changes in formation resistance, preventing rigid damage to the transmission mechanism due to overload. It also prevents the coring tube 308 and the rock core from being crushed and scrapped due to axial overload, ensuring the safety of both the equipment body and the sampled material. Through the linkage design of differential wheel system overload slippage and the retraction of the central wheel shaft 307 and the expansion of the annular throttle opening, adaptive linkage adjustment of torque overload and flushing fluid slag discharge capacity is achieved, allowing for bottom hole... When rock powder accumulation causes drilling resistance to increase, the flushing fluid flow rate and flushing force are instantly increased to automatically clean the rock powder at the bottom of the hole, avoiding stuck drill and clogging accidents from the source, without the need for manual intervention or machine shutdown. At the same time, both-stage overload protection adopts an automatic slippage and automatic reset design after the working condition is restored. During the overload condition handling process, the outer cylinder 304 can maintain normal rotation operation, continuously completing hard rock breaking, rock cuttings grinding, drill bit 310 cooling and in-hole slag removal. It can complete the adaptive handling of extreme working conditions without stopping the machine, greatly reducing downtime maintenance time and significantly improving the continuity of drilling operations, work efficiency and adaptability to complex formations.

[0076] Working principle:

[0077] After the equipment is started and normal drilling and sampling operations are initiated, the control console 104 controls the drilling head 201 on the lower pipe module 2 to output rotational power and axial feed power, which drives the outer cylinder 304 of the drilling module 3 to perform synchronous rotational and axial feed movements. The drill bit 310 at the bottom of the outer cylinder 304 rotates synchronously with the outer cylinder 304 to complete the cutting and breaking of the rock and soil at the bottom of the hole, and simultaneously achieve axial drilling. During the rotation of the outer cylinder 304, multiple sets of planetary gear sets 306, coaxially nested between the outer cylinder 304 and the central gear shaft 307 and evenly distributed along the circumference, synchronously start the compound transmission: the planetary rollers 312 of the planetary gear sets 306 complete circumferential positioning and stable support through the cages 315 at both ends, and the gear segments at both ends of the planetary rollers 312 mesh with the gear segments at both ends of the central gear shaft 307 in the axial direction to form a closed differential gear train; at the same time, the threads on the outer wall of the planetary rollers 312 mesh synchronously with the threads on the outer wall of the central gear shaft 307 and the threads on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 304 to form a planetary roller 312 lead screw pair. Among them, the threaded section on the outer wall of the planetary roller 312 and the gear sections at both ends are integrally machined and formed on the same axis without splicing, which can ensure strict synchronization between gear meshing transmission and threaded screw transmission and eliminate transmission phase difference; the threads on the outer wall of the planetary roller 312, the threads on the outer wall of the central wheel shaft 307, and the threads on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 304 all adopt a double circular arc thread raceway structure, and the lead, tooth profile, and number of threads of the three are completely consistent, ensuring the smoothness and load-bearing capacity of meshing transmission. By pre-matching and setting the thread lead of the planetary roller 312 lead screw pair with the transmission ratio of the differential gear train, the axial feed obtained by the central wheel shaft 307 through the composite transmission of the differential gear train and the planetary roller 312 lead screw pair for each revolution of the outer cylinder 304 is completely equal to the cutting feed of the drill bit 310 in a single revolution. This allows the core tube 308, fixed at the bottom of the central wheel shaft 307, to achieve axial feed that is completely synchronized with the cutting feed of the drill bit 310. While the drill bit 310 is cutting the rock and soil to form a core, the core tube 308 simultaneously follows to collect and protect the core, fundamentally avoiding disturbance, breakage, or wear of the core during drilling, and ensuring the integrity of geological sampling and the accuracy of test data.

[0078] Throughout the drilling operation, the control console 104 controls the water pump 103 to operate continuously and stably, continuously delivering the flushing fluid in the water tank 101 to the flushing fluid interface on the side wall of the outer cylinder 304 through a high-pressure hose. After the flushing fluid enters the internal flow channel of the outer cylinder 304, it is sprayed onto the working face at the bottom of the hole through the annular throttling orifice formed between the central wheel shaft 307 and the drill bit 310, continuously completing the cooling and temperature reduction of the cutting part of the drill bit 310 and the flushing and cleaning of rock cuttings at the bottom of the hole. Under normal drilling conditions, the annular throttle orifice maintains its initial set opening, ensuring the rated flushing fluid output flow rate and injection pressure to meet the cooling and slag removal requirements of routine operations. When a large amount of rock powder accumulates at the bottom of the hole, causing an increase in drilling resistance and a continuous increase in the rotational torque of the outer cylinder 304, the gear meshing surface of the differential gear train reaches the preset rated contact stress threshold. The gear meshing surface automatically slips, cutting off the torque transmission from the outer cylinder 304 to the central shaft 307. At this time, the central shaft 307 loses the axial feed drive force and automatically retracts axially with the reaction force of the drilling resistance at the bottom of the hole, thereby widening the gap between the central shaft 307 and the drill. The opening of the annular throttle orifice between the head 310 increases the flow area of ​​the flushing fluid instantaneously, and the output flow rate and the bottom flushing force are significantly increased in sync, which powerfully flushes and cleans the rock powder accumulated at the bottom of the hole. After the rock powder at the bottom of the hole is cleaned and the drilling resistance is reduced to the rated range, the gear meshing surface of the differential gear train automatically returns to the normal meshing state, the central wheel shaft 307 resumes axial feed synchronized with the outer cylinder 304, the annular throttle orifice synchronously returns to the initial opening, and the flushing fluid circulation state returns to normal operation. The adaptive dynamic adjustment of the slag discharge capacity can be achieved without manual intervention, effectively avoiding the risk of stuck drill caused by the accumulation of rock powder at the bottom of the hole.

[0079] This equipment is equipped with a dual-stage adaptive overload protection mechanism to handle two abnormal operating conditions: rotational torque overload and axial feed force overload. It automatically handles overload conditions without requiring machine shutdown, ensuring the safety and continuity of drilling operations. The first stage is rotational torque overload protection. When extreme conditions such as stuck drill bit or hard rock impact occur in the hole, causing the rotational torque of the outer cylinder 304 to exceed the rated threshold, the gear meshing surface of the differential gear train reaches the preset rated contact stress threshold, automatically slipping and instantly cutting off the torque transmission from the outer cylinder 304 to the central shaft 307. This prevents rigid damage to the transmission mechanism due to overload. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the aforementioned adaptive flow adjustment and slag removal function, it completes bottom hole cleaning and releases drilling resistance. Once the operating conditions return to normal, it automatically resets to the normal transmission state. The second level is axial feed force overload protection. When the bottom of the hole encounters a high-strength hard rock interlayer, causing the axial feed resistance of the central wheel shaft 307 to exceed the rated value, the thread raceway meshing surface of the planetary roller 312 screw pair reaches the preset rated axial contact stress threshold, automatically slipping and immediately stopping the axial feed of the central wheel shaft 307 to prevent the core tube 308 and the internally stored rock core from being squeezed and damaged due to axial overload. At this time, the outer cylinder 304 still maintains the normal rotation state driven by the drilling head 201, synchronously driving the drill bit 310 to continue rotating, and protecting the bottom of the hole. The drill bit 310 continuously breaks up hard rock obstacles and grinds and refines rock cuttings. At the same time, the outer cylinder 304 continuously delivers flushing fluid through the flushing fluid interface on the side wall, and continuously completes the cooling of the drill bit 310 and the slag removal in the hole. When the hard rock interlayer is broken up and the axial feed resistance drops back to within the rated value, the thread raceway meshing surface of the planetary roller 312 screw pair automatically resumes normal meshing, and the central wheel shaft 307 resumes axial feed synchronized with the rotation of the outer cylinder 304, returning to the normal drilling and sampling operation state, which greatly improves the continuity and efficiency of drilling operations in complex formations.

[0080] Once the drilling operation reaches the preset exploration and sampling depth, the control console 104 controls the drilling head 201 to stop rotating power output and axial feed action, and the water pump 103 simultaneously stops flushing fluid delivery. Then, the drilling head 201 drives the drilling module 3 to be axially lifted as a whole to complete the drilling operation. The core tube 308 containing the complete rock core is then pulled out of the borehole along with the drilling module 3, completing this geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling operation.

[0081] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0082] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling device, comprising a frame (1), wherein a drilling module (3) is mounted on the frame (1) via a lower pipe module (2), characterized in that: The drilling module (3) includes an outer cylinder (304) and a central wheel axle (307) coaxially nested together, and at least three sets of planetary gear sets (306) evenly distributed circumferentially between them; the top of the outer cylinder (304) is provided with a connecting seat (301) threadedly connected to the drilling head (201), the bottom is equipped with a drill bit (310), the inner wall is provided with a second thread (309), and the side wall is provided with a water pipe connector (311) connected to the water pump (103); the central wheel axle (307) is coaxially and movably installed inside the outer cylinder (304), the top is provided with a connecting pipe (302), the bottom is fixed with a core tube (308), the outer wall is provided with a first thread (305), the first thread (305) The first gear section (303) is provided at both ends of the axial direction; the planetary gear set (306) includes planetary rollers (312) and a cage (315). The outer wall of the planetary rollers (312) is provided with a third thread (314) that meshes with the first thread (305) and the second thread (309). The second gear section (313) is provided at both ends of the axial direction of the third thread (314); the second gear section (313) meshes to form a differential gear train, and the third thread (314) meshes to form a planetary roller screw pair. An annular throttling orifice for flow adjustment is formed between the central wheel shaft (307) and the drill bit (310). When the outer cylinder (304) rotates, the core tube (308) and the drill bit (310) are fed synchronously for cutting.

2. The land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the frame (1) is fixedly provided with a connecting frame (102). The end of the frame (1) away from the connecting frame (102) is equipped with a lower pipe module (2) with a drilling head (201). The bottom end of the lower pipe module (2) is fixedly provided with a limiting frame (202). The frame (1) is also fixedly provided with a water tank (101), a water pump (103) and a control console (104). The water inlet of the water pump (103) is connected to the water tank (101) and the water outlet is connected to the drilling module (3). The drilling module (3) is radially limited by the limiting frame (202) and is provided with rotation and axial feed power by the drilling head (201).

3. The land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planetary gear set (306) is provided in three sets, and the three sets of planetary gear sets (306) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer cylinder (304); the cage (315) includes a front planetary carrier and a rear planetary carrier arranged coaxially, and the front planetary carrier and the rear planetary carrier are respectively sleeved on the axial ends of the planetary roller (312), and the two ends of the planetary roller (312) are rotatably connected to the front planetary carrier and the rear planetary carrier respectively.

4. The land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The planetary roller (312) is a solid coaxial rotating body structure. The second gear segment (313) and the third thread (314) are coaxial non-jointed structures integrally machined on the same planetary roller (312). Support journals are also integrally provided at both ends of the planetary roller (312). The support journals are respectively clearance-fitted with the corresponding support holes of the front planetary carrier and the rear planetary carrier.

5. The land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second gear segment (313) of the planetary roller (312) meshes internally with the first gear segment (303) of the central wheel shaft (307), and the module and pressure angle of the second gear segment (313) and the first gear segment (303) are the same.

6. The land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first thread (305), the second thread (309), and the third thread (314) are all double circular arc thread raceway structures, and their lead, tooth profile, and number of threads are all the same. The thread lead of the planetary roller (312) screw pair is matched with the transmission ratio of the differential gear train, so that the axial feed of the central wheel shaft (307) is equal to the single-rotation cutting feed of the drill bit (310) for each revolution of the outer cylinder (304).

7. The land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder (304) is a hollow rotating body structure. The outer cylinder (304) is connected to the water pipe joint (311) through the connecting pipe (302). The opening of the annular throttling port increases or decreases with the axial feed and retraction of the central wheel shaft (307).

8. A land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear meshing surfaces of the differential gear train are preset with a rated contact stress threshold. When the rotational torque of the outer cylinder (304) exceeds the rated value, the gear meshing surfaces automatically slip to cut off the torque transmission. At the same time as the gear meshing surfaces slip due to overload, the central gear shaft (307) automatically retracts axially, expanding the opening of the annular throttle orifice formed between it and the drill bit (310), increasing the flushing fluid flow rate to clean the rock powder at the bottom of the hole. After the drilling resistance at the bottom of the hole decreases, the gear meshing surfaces automatically resume normal meshing and feeding. In addition, the thread raceway meshing surfaces of the planetary roller screw pair where the planetary roller (312) is located are preset with a rated axial contact stress threshold. When the rotational torque of the central gear shaft (307) exceeds the rated value, the gear meshing surfaces automatically slip to cut off the torque transmission. When the feed force exceeds the rated value, the thread raceway meshing surface automatically slips to stop the axial feed of the center wheel shaft (307). At this time, the outer cylinder (304) maintains normal rotation driven by the drilling head (201), synchronously driving the drill bit (310) to continuously rotate to break the hard rock obstacle at the bottom of the hole and grind the rock cuttings. At the same time, the outer cylinder (304) continuously delivers flushing fluid through the water pipe joint (311) on the side wall to complete the cooling of the drill bit (310) and the slag removal operation in the hole. When the axial feed resistance drops back to within the rated value, the thread raceway meshing surface automatically resumes normal meshing, and the center wheel shaft (307) resumes axial feed synchronous with the rotation of the outer cylinder (304).

9. A land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower pipe module (2) includes a vertically fixed feed slide, the drilling head (201) is slidably installed on the feed slide, the limiting frame (202) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the feed slide, the limiting frame (202) is provided with a limiting through hole adapted to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder (304), and the outer cylinder (304) passes through the limiting through hole.

10. A land geological and mineral resource exploration and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the water pump (103) is connected to the water pipe joint (311) on the outer cylinder (304) through a high-pressure hose. The control console (104) is electrically connected to the drilling head (201) and the water pump (103) respectively, and is used to control the rotation speed, direction, axial feed speed of the drilling head (201) and the output flow rate of the water pump (103).

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