A deep-ocean energy coupling utilization system and operation method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of renewable energy development and seawater desalination, and discloses a deep-geological-ocean energy coupling utilization system and a running method. The system comprises a seawater taking unit, a horizontal full-pipe pressure flow transmission pipeline, a hydraulic power generation unit, a seawater desalination unit and a deep well group unit, and is sequentially connected to form a closed loop through the deep well-pipeline combination constructed by a deep-geological engineering. The present application forms a stable triangular hydraulic distribution along the whole pipeline by artificially setting a water head difference, thereby ensuring that multiple water turbines independently work and power is stably superimposed. The present application can realize long-distance water transmission through the deep well-pipeline, utilize natural energy to assist seawater desalination, and drive reverse osmosis desalination by using the high water head pressure energy of the deep well to generate power. Surplus power can be sent out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of renewable energy development and utilization and seawater desalination technology, specifically to a deep-earth-ocean energy coupling utilization system and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] my country is one of the countries in the world with extremely scarce water resources, with per capita water resources only 28% of the world average. Furthermore, the spatial distribution is extremely uneven, with the Yangtze River basin and areas south of it accounting for over 80% of the national total, while northern regions account for only 14.7%. In addition, the overall terrain slopes from west to east, making water scarcity particularly severe in the arid northwest. Meanwhile, my country has a long coastline and vast territorial waters, and its abundant marine water resources are a core reserve resource for alleviating land-based water shortages and optimizing water resource allocation. How to efficiently develop and utilize marine water resources while simultaneously achieving energy self-sufficiency and even surplus export has become a key challenge restricting regional sustainable development.

[0003] Current ocean energy development primarily relies on tidal and wave energy technologies, which generally suffer from large fluctuations in energy output and are severely constrained by natural weather and geographical conditions. Furthermore, these technologies are mostly designed for single-function power generation, failing to simultaneously address water scarcity and hindering large-scale, stable application. The current mainstream reverse osmosis desalination technology requires high-power, high-pressure pumps to pressurize seawater to 5-7 MPa, resulting in a high energy consumption of 3-5 kWh / m³ for the finished water, leading to persistently high operating costs. While deep-sea hydrostatic desalination technology can reduce energy consumption by 30%-50%, it is strictly dependent on the natural nearshore deep-sea environment, severely limiting its applicability and preventing simultaneous energy production. Moreover, existing deep-earth engineering projects are mostly applied to resource exploration, geothermal development, and underground storage; there are currently no technological solutions for using deep-earth engineering to artificially construct stable pressure fields to couple ocean energy with seawater desalination.

[0004] In summary, the existing technologies in the three major fields of deep-earth engineering, ocean energy power generation, and seawater desalination are fragmented and have three major limitations: First, they are heavily dependent on natural geographical conditions, limiting their applicability; second, they cannot achieve efficient energy utilization in a cascade manner, resulting in low overall system energy efficiency; and third, they cannot simultaneously achieve coordinated supply of energy and water resources, making it difficult to address the dual rigid demands for water resources and energy in coastal cities and inland areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need to develop a coupled system that is not limited by natural conditions, has high energy efficiency, and can synergistically achieve stable power generation and seawater desalination. This is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A deep-earth-ocean energy coupling utilization system includes a seawater intake unit, a pipeline, a hydroelectric power generation unit, a seawater desalination unit, and a deep well unit. The seawater intake unit, pipeline, hydroelectric power generation unit, seawater desalination unit, and deep well unit are sequentially connected via a deep well-pipeline assembly constructed through deep-earth engineering. The system uses an artificially set head difference, with the pipeline laid horizontally throughout. The hydraulic pressure flow within the pipeline exhibits a triangular distribution across its vertical cross-section, and this distribution remains consistent across all cross-sections throughout the pipeline's length. The hydroelectric power generation unit comprises multiple full-pipe pressure flow turbine generators deployed along the pipeline. Each unit operates independently without interference, and the total system power is [missing information]. The sum of the power of each individual unit; the seawater desalination unit can utilize natural energy sources in various geographical environments to assist in seawater desalination, including high-temperature evaporation energy, extreme cold freezing energy, and geothermal energy. The system uses a combination of deep wells and pipelines with long-distance water and energy transmission capabilities to bring seawater to the corresponding geographical environment and utilize the above-mentioned natural energy sources to achieve seawater desalination, thereby improving the local water resource distribution. At the same time, the seawater desalination unit can also adopt reverse osmosis technology, using the high head pressure energy provided by the deep well unit, combined with the electrical energy output from the full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator to achieve efficient seawater desalination and produce finished fresh water.

[0007] Preferably, the deep well unit includes a deep-sea side deep well and an inland side deep well; the top of the deep-sea side deep well is below sea level and above the continental shelf, and the bottom extends into the strata below the continental shelf and is connected to a pipeline; the seawater level in the inland side deep well is stably maintained at a preset depth below sea level, forming a first initial energy head H0; the depth of the inland side deep well extends downward from the seawater outlet liquid level until the required head depth for reverse osmosis seawater desalination is met, and the liquid level to the bottom of the well forms a second initial energy head H1.

[0008] Preferably, the deep well unit adopts reverse osmosis technology, utilizing the high head pressure energy of the deep well and coordinating with the electrical energy output from the full-pipe pressure turbine generator to achieve efficient seawater desalination and produce finished fresh water. The deep well unit includes multiple adjacent deep wells, specifically including seawater desalination working wells, desalinated water storage and output wells, by-product storage and transportation wells, environmentally compliant redundant seawater return wells, working channel deep wells, and connecting corridors. Each functional deep well is connected by a dedicated connecting structure to form an integrated deep well unit. To cope with extreme working conditions such as war, the openings at the top of the inland deep wells are all located inside the mountain, with the wellheads connected to the mountain's transportation caves, without any exposed structures on the ground.

[0009] Preferably, the pipeline is a closed pressure pipeline laid horizontally throughout its entire length and buried at a consistent depth. It is buried at a predetermined depth below sea level, with no abrupt changes in elevation throughout its entire length. The hydraulic pressure of the full-pipe pressure flow in the vertical section decreases linearly from bottom to top in the vertical direction, forming a vertical triangular distribution that matches the inner diameter of the pipeline, and the hydraulic distribution of each section along the pipeline remains consistent.

[0010] Preferably, the main body of the full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator set includes a pipe, a rotating ring of the same diameter as the pipe, turbine blades, a thrust bearing connecting the pipe and the rotating ring, a magnetic rod, a stator, a gravity support base, and auxiliary equipment for the power station. In the full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator set, turbine blades are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the rotating ring of the same diameter as the pipe, and a magnetic rod is installed on the outer wall of the rotating ring. The two ends of the magnetic rod are connected to the pipe through the thrust bearing to form the generator rotor. The generator stator and the gravity support base are arranged coaxially, and together with the auxiliary equipment for the power station, the turbine generator set can be installed and operated stably.

[0011] Preferably, the blades of the full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating ring. The blades are directly welded and fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring with the same diameter as the pipe, and there is no central shaft connection structure between the blades. The blades adopt a slanted whale dorsal fin streamlined structure. The axial length of the blades is consistent with that of the pipe. The dimensions of the blades in the direction of the ring radius are small. The thickness of the blades gradually changes to the maximum at the connection point of the inner wall of the ring along the radial direction. The rotational torque changes to the maximum synchronously. At the same time, the flow cross-sectional area is increased to ensure smooth water delivery.

[0012] Preferably, multiple full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator units of the hydropower generation unit can be connected in series along the pipeline axis, with the flow cross-section of each unit being consistent with the inner diameter of the pipeline, and no diameter change structure between the unit and the pipeline. Multiple units are arranged at equal intervals along the pipeline axis. If multiple full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator units are connected in parallel along the pipeline axis, the pipeline flow needs to be diverted to the corresponding small-diameter pipeline, and then the turbine generator units are connected in series on the small-diameter pipeline. The flow cross-section of each unit is consistent with the inner diameter of the corresponding small-diameter pipeline, and there is no diameter change structure between the unit and the pipeline. Multiple units are arranged at equal intervals along the pipeline axis. Each unit is equipped with an underground installation and operation chamber formed by deep underground engineering excavation. Adjacent underground chambers are connected by maintenance corridors, which are connected to vertical shafts connecting to the ground, ensuring convenient maintenance of the units.

[0013] Preferably, multiple full-pipe pressure flow turbine generators are deployed along the pipeline, each unit operating independently without interference, with the total output power being the sum of the individual unit power. The energy transfer of the full-pipe pressure flow hydropower station follows the complete cycle logic of "energy storage → conversion → stable output → energy storage recovery," with clear energy conservation relationships at each stage and accurate calculation of energy losses. This energy transfer system is constructed based on actual engineering scenarios, strictly adhering to the hydrodynamic characteristics of full-pipe pressure flow, Pascal's theorem, and the law of conservation of energy. The core parameters are fully matched with the engineering design, ensuring the system's practicality, feasibility, and rigor, and providing precise theoretical support for energy transfer calculations at each stage of system operation.

[0014] Preferably, the seawater desalination unit can utilize natural energy sources such as high-temperature evaporation energy, extreme cold freezing energy, and geothermal energy to complete seawater desalination. The system uses a combination of deep wells and pipelines constructed through deep-earth engineering to transport seawater to geographical environments with corresponding natural energy sources, and utilizes various natural energy sources to carry out seawater desalination operations, thereby improving the local water resource distribution.

[0015] Preferably, the deep well-pipeline combination constructed in the deep-earth engineering includes an intake deep well, a pipeline, a full-pipe pressure hydropower station, an outlet deep well, and a pumping unit. By setting up intake deep wells, pipelines, and full-pipe pressure hydropower stations in low-altitude areas, and outlet deep wells and pumping units in high-altitude areas, and alternating with the next-level intake deep wells and pipelines, water resources are gradually raised to overcome the terrain elevation differences along the route. In areas with gentle terrain, the water level rise of adjacent deep well groups is smaller, and the vertical height of the corresponding outlet deep well decreases synchronously. In areas with steep terrain, the water level rise is larger, and the vertical height of the corresponding outlet deep well increases synchronously to adapt to complex terrain conditions. Water resources are gradually transported to the target area through the relay transmission of the multi-stage deep well-pipeline combination, following the process of "intake deep well → horizontal pipeline (power generation) → outlet deep well → electric pumping to the intake deep well".

[0016] A deep-earth-ocean energy coupling utilization system and its operation method have the following beneficial effects during use: 1. By coupling deep-earth resources and ocean energy, seawater transmission and power generation are carried out in a coordinated manner. The energy transfer conservation logic is clear, losses can be accurately calculated, and the conversion efficiency reaches 80%. Relying on a 100m head difference (the difference between the outlet and the sea level) and a 10m pipeline diameter, combined with a 110m synchronous deep burial design, it can effectively resist water head pressure, ensure stable and lossless pressure transmission, and significantly improve the utilization rate of renewable energy. After comprehensive verification, the pipeline burial depth and head difference are well adapted. 2. Simultaneously realize ocean energy power generation and seawater desalination, stably outputting electricity (adjusted according to the number of units, 50MW per unit) and fresh water, adapting to the integrated energy and water needs of coastal and inland water-scarce areas, and solving the dual shortage problem; 3. The pipeline is laid horizontally throughout, with a deep burial depth (110m) that is precisely matched to the 100m head difference (difference between the outlet and sea level), requiring no terrain fine-tuning and adapting to various terrains such as gentle slopes and steep slopes; the deep wells on the inland side are hidden in the mountains, which can cope with extreme working conditions, have high operational stability, and are adapted to the operational requirements of a 100m head difference. 4. Sealed pipeline (10m in diameter, 110m deep) reduces the impact of seawater leakage on the ecology and avoids damage to the surrounding environment caused by ground construction. Each unit has a mature structure, unified parameters and matches the engineering design. It is highly practical and feasible and can be promoted on a large scale. 5. Combining natural energy assistance with reverse osmosis technology, it can be flexibly switched according to geographical environment and freshwater demand, taking into account both energy saving and high efficiency. The quality of desalinated water meets the national drinking water standards. The desalination unit and pipeline are buried at a depth of 110m to ensure stable pressure during the desalination process and adapt to the pressure requirements of a 100m water head difference. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the deep-earth-ocean system connectivity of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the full-pipe pressure flow turbine unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the whale dorsal fin-inspired streamlined turbine blade of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a hydraulic distribution diagram of the full-pipe pressure flow section of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the high-altitude, long-distance energy and water transmission system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a deep-earth-ocean energy coupling utilization system, comprising a seawater intake unit, pipelines, a hydropower generation unit, a seawater desalination unit, and a deep well unit. Each unit is sequentially connected via a deep well-pipeline assembly constructed through deep-earth engineering, forming a closed-loop operating system. Specific technical features and unified parameters are as follows: Overall system connectivity: The seawater intake unit, pipelines, hydropower generation unit, seawater desalination unit, and deep well unit are sequentially connected through a deep-well-pipeline combination constructed by deep-earth engineering, achieving coordinated operation of seawater transportation, energy conversion, and desalination. The system is designed with a head difference of 100m between the outlet water surface and sea level (i.e., a total head difference of 100m), providing the core power for the pipeline pressure flow and ensuring the stable operation of each unit. The pipeline is designed with a uniform flow velocity of 3.1m / s to avoid energy loss due to excessive flow velocity. In conjunction with the 100m head difference requirement (the difference between the outlet water surface and sea level), the pipeline burial depth is uniformly set at 110m to ensure that the pressure the pipeline can withstand is precisely matched to the 100m head difference, resisting head pressure impacts and ensuring operational safety, as shown in the figure: Figure 1 System overall connection diagram.

[0019] Pipeline structure and hydraulic distribution: The pipeline adopts a closed pressure pipeline with a consistent horizontal burial depth throughout, and uniformly uses 316L stainless steel high-strength corrosion-resistant steel with a uniform wall thickness of 35mm. Considering the pressure generated by the 100m drop between the water surface at the outlet and sea level (calculated pressure P=ρgH=1000×9.81×100=981000Pa=0.981MPa, adapted to the design pressure), the pipeline burial depth is uniformly set at 110m (without any terrain adjustments throughout, ensuring the burial depth is compatible with the water head difference), and there are no sudden elevation changes throughout the entire process (deviation ≤±0.4m). While reducing transmission energy consumption, the 110m deep burial structure can withstand the pressure impact generated by the 100m water head difference, avoiding pipeline deformation or leakage due to pressure. The pipeline inner diameter is uniformly 10m, and the single-pipe design flow rate is uniformly 243.47m³ / s. The hydraulic pressure within the full-pipe flow decreases linearly from bottom to top vertically, with a uniform hydraulic gradient of 0.02, forming a vertical triangular distribution that matches the inner diameter and is consistent throughout the entire flow, providing stable power to the power generation unit. The design pressure is uniformly 1.0MPa (precisely adapted to the 0.981MPa pressure generated by a 100m head difference, with reserved safety redundancy), ensuring operational safety and achieving precise adaptation between a pipeline buried at 110m depth and a 100m head difference. Figure 4 Hydraulic distribution diagram of the cross section of a full-pipe pressure flow.

[0020] Hydropower generation unit: The hydroelectric power generation unit consists of multiple full-pipe pressure turbine generators installed along the pipeline. Each unit has a rated power of 50MW, and each unit operates independently, with the total power being the sum of the individual units. The units can be installed in series or in parallel along the pipeline axis: in series, the flow cross-section of the unit is consistent with the inner diameter of the pipeline (10m), with no diameter changes before or after, and a uniform spacing of 100m; in parallel, the flow from the main pipeline is diverted to smaller diameter pipelines (with an inner diameter equal to 1 / √n of the main pipeline's inner diameter, where n is the number of parallel units). Each smaller diameter pipeline connects to the units in series, with the flow cross-section consistent with the corresponding pipeline, no diameter changes before or after, and equal spacing. Each generating unit is equipped with a deep underground chamber, with uniform dimensions of 8m×10m×6m (width×length×height). The burial depth of the underground chamber is synchronized with the burial depth of the pipeline, uniformly 110m, to ensure the installation accuracy and operational stability of the unit. At the same time, the 110m deep burial structure resists the ground stress and pipeline pressure transmission caused by the 100m water head difference, preventing the chamber from deforming. Adjacent chambers are connected by a 2m wide maintenance corridor, which connects to a 3m diameter vertical shaft on the ground, ensuring convenient maintenance. The energy transfer of a full-pipe pressure flow hydropower station follows a cyclical logic of "energy storage → conversion → stable output → energy storage recovery". The conversion efficiency is uniformly 80%, and energy loss can be accurately calculated (the head loss coefficient along the pipeline is uniformly 0.02). The system follows the hydrodynamic characteristics of full-pipe pressure flow, Pascal's theorem, and the law of conservation of energy. The core parameters are matched with the engineering design to ensure stable and reliable operation and ensure the compatibility of 110m pipeline depth and 100m head difference throughout the entire power generation process.

[0021] Full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator set structure: The main body of the full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator set includes pipes, a rotating ring of the same diameter as the pipes, turbine blades, thrust bearings, magnetic rods, a stator, a gravity support base, and auxiliary equipment. Ten turbine blades are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the rotating ring; 15 magnetic rods are installed on the outer wall, each with a uniform magnetic field strength of 1.0T, and are connected to the pipes at both ends via thrust bearings (rated load capacity uniformly 1000kN) to form the rotor; the stator is coaxial with the gravity support base, and the windings use copper core coils with a uniform rated voltage of 110kV. With the addition of cooling and monitoring equipment, the unit's operating efficiency is uniformly 90%. The turbine blades are uniformly welded circumferentially to the inner wall of the rotating ring, without a central shaft connection, thus improving flow efficiency. They adopt a streamlined, slanted whale-shaped dorsal fin design with a uniform tilt angle of 38°. The axial length is consistent with the ring (uniformly 1.8m), the radial dimension is uniformly 0.4m, and the thickness gradually increases from the radius to the inner wall of the ring to its maximum (uniformly 0.3m), maximizing the rotational torque while ensuring both flow area and smooth water delivery. The blades are made of high-strength, wear-resistant alloys such as high-manganese steel ZGMn13, extending their service life. The unit's gravity support is fixed to the bottom of the underground chamber, adapting to a 110m burial depth requirement. This withstands the ground stress at a 110m burial depth and the pressure transmission from a 100m head difference, ensuring stable unit operation and further enhancing the adaptability of the pipeline burial depth and head difference (e.g., Figure 2 Full-pipe pressure flow turbine assembly structure diagram and Figure 3 (Diagram of a whale dorsal fin-inspired streamlined turbine blade structure).

[0022] Deep well unit: The deep well unit comprises deep-sea and inland wells: the top of the deep-sea well is 15m below sea level and 8m above the continental shelf, with a uniform diameter of 10m and a uniform depth of 215m (the burial depth is adapted to the 110m deep burial requirement of the pipeline, and the bottom is buried at a depth of 110m where it connects with the pipeline), and the bottom extends 25m below the continental shelf and connects with the pipeline; the water level of the inland well (outlet) is maintained at 100m below sea level, that is, the difference in water level between the outlet and sea level is 100m (compared to the total water level of the system). With consistent head drop, the first initial energy head H0 = 100m is formed; the depth extends downward from the liquid surface at the outlet to meet the head required for reverse osmosis desalination, and the second initial energy head H1 = 60m is formed from the liquid surface to the bottom of the well. The well diameter is uniformly 10m and the depth is uniformly 270m (the burial depth is synchronously adapted to the 110m deep burial requirement of the pipeline, and the burial depth from the liquid surface to the pipeline connection is 110m), ensuring that the 100m head drop between the water surface at the outlet and the sea level, the 110m deep burial of the pipeline, and the burial depth of the deep well are all compatible and uniform.

[0023] The deep well unit consists of multiple adjacent deep wells (with a uniform spacing of 20m), including a seawater desalination working well, a desalinated water storage and output well, a by-product storage and transportation well, an environmentally redundant seawater return well, a working channel deep well, and connecting corridors. Each deep well is connected by a dedicated structure (the connecting pipe diameter is uniformly 1.5m, the design pressure is uniformly 1.0MPa, precisely adaptable to the pressure requirements of a 100m head difference) to form an integrated unit. To cope with extreme working conditions, the top opening of the inland deep well (outlet) is located inside the mountain (20m below the surface), connecting to a 3.5m wide mountain access tunnel, with no exposed structure on the ground, enhancing its anti-interference capability. The burial depth of the mountain access tunnel is synchronized with the pipeline burial depth, uniformly 110m, ensuring balanced stress on the overall structure and adapting to the pressure distribution caused by a 100m head difference.

[0024] Mathematical model of energy transfer in a full-pipe pressure flow hydropower station: This model is built based on the actual engineering scenario of the energy transfer system of a full-pipe pressure flow hydropower station. It strictly follows the hydrodynamic characteristics of full-pipe pressure flow, Pascal's theorem, and the law of conservation of energy. The core parameters are completely consistent with the engineering design (pipe depth of 110m and head difference of 100m between the outlet water surface and sea level), ensuring the practicality, feasibility, and rigor of the model. It focuses on verifying the compatibility between the pipe burial depth and the 100m head difference, providing accurate theoretical support for energy transfer calculations at each stage of operation.

[0025] Basic engineering parameters (uniformly set, with a focus on adapting to burial depth and head difference): Based on the actual design scheme of the full-pipe pressure flow hydropower station, the core engineering parameters are set as follows. All parameters are adapted to the operation requirements of full-pipe pressure flow and the core requirements of a pipeline depth of 110m and a water level difference of 100m between the outlet and sea level, providing a solid engineering basis for model derivation: The static water head of the vertical shaft is H0=100m (which is consistent with the drop between the water surface at the outlet and the sea level, i.e., the total head drop). As the core driving force to maintain the full-pipe pressure flow in the pipeline, it ensures the uniform transmission of pressure in the pipeline, lays the foundation for energy storage and transmission, and is compatible with the 110m deep burial of the pipeline to ensure stable pressure transmission. Horizontal closed pipeline: Total length L=2000km, inner diameter D=10m, fully sealed, always maintaining a full pipe, no gaps, and no local negative pressure pressure flow state, with a uniform burial depth of 110m, precisely matched with a 100m water head difference, and resisting water head pressure through the 110m deep burial structure to ensure stable transmission of fluid pressure and avoid energy loss caused by unstable flow. Hydro-generator sets: 20 sets are evenly arranged along the length of the horizontal pipeline, and a synchronous operation control mode is adopted; the turbine generator blades are directly fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring with the same diameter as the pipeline. The rotating ring is arranged coaxially with the pipeline, perfectly matching the inner diameter of the pipeline, ensuring that the fluid impact force of the full-pipe pressure flow is efficiently transmitted to the blades, maximizing energy utilization efficiency, and adapting to the working conditions of 110m burial depth and 100m head difference. Fluid and equipment parameters: water density ρ=1000kg / m³, gravitational acceleration g=9.81m / s², overall efficiency of hydro-generator η=0.8, design average flow velocity of full-pipe pressure flow v=3.1m / s, ensuring stable fluid flow and efficient energy transfer, and conforming to the actual operating conditions of 110m burial depth and 100m head difference.

[0026] Based on the fluid dynamics characteristics of full-pipe pressure flow, the model derivation strictly adheres to the following core physical premises, focusing on ensuring the compatibility of the pipeline at a depth of 110m with a head difference of 100m, and ensuring that the calculation logic is rigorous and the results closely match the actual operating scenario: The pipeline maintains a full-pipe pressure flow state at all times, with the fluid filling the entire pipeline cross-section without gaps or local negative pressure, ensuring uniform pressure transmission at any position in the pipeline, providing a core foundation for the application of Pascal's theorem. At the same time, the 110m deep buried structure can stabilize the pressure field inside the pipeline and adapt to the pressure generated by a 100m water head difference. According to Pascal's theorem, under full-pipe pressure flow conditions, the pressure at any cross section inside the pipe is uniform (pressure P=ρgH=981000Pa). The 20 hydro-generators arranged along the pipeline can each independently withstand a complete 100m static head (the difference in water level between the outlet and the sea level), without any head distribution. Each unit can work independently without interfering with each other. The 110m deep burial of the pipeline ensures that the pressure is transmitted stably and without loss. The conversion between static and dynamic water flow under full pressure in a closed pipeline can be completed instantly. There is no energy loss due to flow instability during the conversion process. Energy transfer strictly follows the law of conservation of energy. There is only a small amount of local energy loss during the operation of the turbine, which can be accurately calculated. The 110m deep buried pipeline can suppress flow fluctuations and ensure a smooth conversion process. The turbine generator blades are securely connected to the rotating ring, with no additional displacement during operation and shutdown. The unit is installed in an underground chamber buried 110m deep, which is suitable for the stress requirements of the 110m deep burial environment and the pressure transmission caused by the 100m water head difference, ensuring the efficient transmission of the impact force of the full-pipe pressure flow, while ensuring the stability and safety of the system operation.

[0027] Basic parameter calculations (supporting energy transfer models at each stage and verifying adaptability): Based on the aforementioned basic engineering parameters and physical premises, the core basic parameters related to full-pipe pressure flow are calculated. The focus is on verifying the compatibility of the pipeline at a depth of 110m with a head difference of 100m, providing a basis for energy transfer calculations at each operational stage. The specific formulas, calculation processes, and parameter descriptions are as follows, all of which are compatible with the full-pipe pressure flow characteristics and the total pipeline length parameters: Formula (1): Pipe cross-sectional area A = πD² / 4 Parameter description: A is the pipe cross-sectional area (unit: m²), D is the pipe inner diameter (unit: m), π is taken as 3.1416; Substituting the parameters into the calculation: A = 3.1416 × 10² / 4 = 3.1416 × 100 / 4 = 78.54 m², the calculation is correct, and it is not directly related to the 110m burial depth and 100m head difference, but it provides a basis for subsequent flow rate and pressure calculations to ensure parameter consistency.

[0028] Formula (2): Total flow rate in the pipeline Q = A × v; Parameter description: Q is the total flow rate of the full-pipe pressure flow (unit: m³ / s), A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe (unit: m²), and v is the average flow velocity in the pipe (unit: m / s). Substituting the parameters, the calculation is as follows: Q = 78.54m² × 3.1m / s ≈ 243.47m³ / s (consistent with 243.47m³ / s). The calculation is correct and consistent with the parameters substituted into the subsequent formula. The flow rate is suitable for the 110m burial depth, and there is no pressure loss caused by excessive flow velocity. It fits the power supply of a 100m water head difference.

[0029] Formula (3): Pipe volume V pipe =A×L; Parameter description: V pipe The total volume of the pipe under full-pipe pressure flow (unit: m³) is L, and the total length of the horizontal pipe (unit: km, i.e. 10³ m) is L. Units should be consistent before calculation. Substituting the parameters, the calculation is as follows: L = 2000 km = 2 × 106 m, V pipe =78.54m²×2×10 6 m≈1.5708×10 8 m³, the calculation is correct and consistent with the subsequent total pressure energy calculation parameters. The pipe volume is adapted to the burial depth of 110m, ensuring stable storage of pressure energy under a 100m water head difference.

[0030] Mathematical models for energy transfer in each operational phase (with a focus on verifying the compatibility between burial depth and water head). The operation of a full-pipe pressure flow hydropower station is divided into four continuous cycle stages. The flow characteristics and energy transfer paths of the full-pipe pressure flow differ significantly in each stage. The corresponding energy transfer mathematical model accurately adapts to the flow characteristics of each stage, strictly adhering to the law of conservation of energy. The model focuses on verifying the compatibility of a 110m buried pipeline with a 100m head difference (the difference between the outlet and sea level) to ensure that the calculation results closely match actual operating conditions. Details are as follows: Phase 1: Static water storage phase (full pipe static state); State Description: The full-pipe pressure flow inside the pipeline is in a static state (v=0, Q=0). The system only stores the pressure potential energy of the full-pipe pressure flow. This potential energy comes from the 100m head difference between the water surface at the outlet and the sea level. There is no energy transfer or energy output. The pipeline always maintains the initial stable state of full pipe and high pressure, which prepares for energy storage in the subsequent static-dynamic conversion. The pipeline is designed to be buried at a depth of 110m, which can effectively resist external interference and the pressure generated by the 100m head difference, ensuring the stability of the energy storage process and achieving the adaptation of burial depth and head difference. Energy Transfer Model: In this stage, only the pressure potential energy of the full-pipe pressure flow exists. The total pressure energy is calculated as follows: Formula (4): Total pressure energy E stati c=ρgH0V pipe Parameter description: E stati c is the total pressure energy of the full-pipe pressure flow (unit: J), ρ is the density of water (unit: kg / m³), g is the acceleration due to gravity (unit: m / s²), H0 is the hydrostatic head (unit: m, consistent with a 100m drop between the water surface at the outlet and sea level), V pipe Pipe volume (unit: m³); Substitute parameters to calculate: E stati c=1000kg / m³×9.81m / s²×100m×1.5708×10 8 The calculation yields approximately 1.541 × 10¹³ J, with consistent steps and accurate results. It precisely adapts to unified parameters, fully reflecting the energy storage capacity under static conditions. Furthermore, it verifies that a 110m deep pipeline can stably store the pressure energy generated by a 100m water head difference, demonstrating good adaptability. Energy transfer characteristics: No energy output; only stable storage of pressure potential energy is achieved. The energy conservation relationship is E. static=ρgH0V pipe (Without conversion of other forms of energy), the flow state remains stationary throughout the full pipe. The 110m deep buried pipeline can effectively withstand the pressure generated by the 100m water head difference, ensuring stable pressure and no leakage, further verifying its adaptability.

[0031] Phase Two: The Instantaneous Stage of Static to Dynamic Transition (Full-Pipe Flow Transition) Status Description: The full-pipe pressure flow instantly transitions from a static state to a flowing state, and 20 hydro-generators start simultaneously; the blades receive the fluid impact force of the full-pipe pressure flow and rotate synchronously with the rotating ring. The pressure potential energy stored in the pipe, generated by the 100m head difference, is instantly converted into fluid kinetic energy and turbine input power. The conversion process is completed instantly with no significant energy loss, and the flow state smoothly transitions to the full-pipe flow state; the 110m deep buried pipe can effectively suppress flow fluctuations, ensure a smooth conversion process, and meet the power conversion requirements of a 100m head difference.

[0032] Energy transfer model: The core is the instantaneous conversion of pressure potential energy into fluid kinetic energy and turbine input power. The input power of a single turbine is calculated independently, and the total input power is the sum of the power of each turbine: Formula (5): Theoretical hydraulic input power P of a single turbine in , i =ρgH0Q; Parameter description: P in , i Q is the theoretical hydraulic input power of a single turbine (unit: W), and Q is the total flow rate of the full-pipe pressure flow (unit: m³ / s). Substitute parameters to calculate: P in , i =1000kg / m³×9.81m / s²×100m×243.47m³ / s≈2.388×10 8 W=238.8MW, the calculation is correct, accurately reflects the transmission efficiency of the impact force of the full-pipe pressure flow, and verifies that a 110m deep pipeline can ensure the efficient transmission of pressure generated by a 100m water head difference, with no pressure loss and good adaptability.

[0033] Energy conservation model: The rate of change of pressure potential energy equals the sum of the total hydraulic input power and the rate of change of fluid kinetic energy: Equation (6): dE stati c / dt=ΣP in , i +dE k / dt; Parameter description: dE stati c / dt is the rate of change of pressure potential energy (unit: W), ΣP in , i The total hydraulic input power of 20 turbines (unit: W), dE k / dt is the rate of change of fluid kinetic energy (unit: W); ΣP is calculated. in , i =20×P in , i =20×238.8MW=4776MW, the calculation is correct, and it fits the unified parameter setting and the full pipe flow state conversion characteristics. It further verifies the compatibility of 110m burial depth and 100m head difference, and ensures efficient conversion of pressure potential energy.

[0034] Energy transfer characteristics: Pressure potential energy is rapidly converted into fluid kinetic energy and turbine input power. The input power of each turbine is consistent, there is no head attenuation, and the flow state smoothly transitions from static full pipe to flowing full pipe. The 110m deep buried pipeline structure ensures that the pressure transmission generated by the 100m head difference is lossless, and the adaptability meets the standards.

[0035] Phase 3: Stable Flowing Water Operation Phase (Core Working Phase, Stable Flow at Full Pipe) Status Description: The full-pipe pressure flow velocity is stably maintained at 3.1 m / s, with a constant flow rate. Each hydro-generator operates stably at full load under a 100m still water head (the difference in head between the outlet and sea level). The blades maximize the absorption of fluid kinetic energy, reduce impact losses, and ensure a stable energy transfer process. Only a small amount of local energy loss occurs during turbine operation, which is the core stage of the power station's energy output. The 110m deep buried pipeline and unit chamber effectively isolate ground interference, withstand the continuous pressure from the 100m head difference, ensure operational stability, and ensure that the burial depth and head difference are compatible throughout the entire process. Energy Transfer Model: The core is the conversion of turbine input power to output shaft power, taking into account both local energy loss of individual units and the overall energy balance of the system, as detailed below: Single hydro-generator output shaft power model: Formula (7): P i =η×ρgH0Q; Parameter description: P i Let P be the output shaft power of a single hydro-generator (in W), and η be the overall efficiency of the hydro-generator. Substitute the parameters to calculate: i =0.8×238.8MW=191.04MW. Considering the equipment operating efficiency and conforming to the actual output conditions, the calculation is correct and verifies that a 110m burial depth can guarantee a stable energy output with a 100m water head difference.

[0036] System total output power model: Formula (8): P_total = 20 × P i Substituting the parameters, the calculation showed that P_total = 20 × 191.04 MW = 3820.8 MW, which is consistent with the single-unit result and the calculation is correct. This reflects the total utilization efficiency of the full-pipe pressure flow energy and further verifies the compatibility between burial depth and head difference.

[0037] Single-machine energy conservation model (considering local losses): Formula (9): ρgH0Q=Pi +P loss , i Parameter description: P loss , i The local energy loss of a single turbine (unit: W); P is calculated. loss , i =ρgH0Q-P i =238.8MW-191.04MW=47.76MW, the calculation is correct, it is a reasonable loss of equipment, which is in line with the actual situation of the project. The energy loss does not involve the matching problem of burial depth and water head difference, indicating that the two are well matched.

[0038] The total energy conservation model of the system is: Formula (10): ρgH0Qtotal = ΣP i +P loss Parameter description: Q_total is the total flow rate under full-pipe pressure (consistent with Q), ΣP i P is the sum of the output shaft power of 20 hydro-generators (consistent with Ptotal). loss The total energy loss of the system (unit: W); P is calculated. loss =20×P loss , i =20×47.76MW=955.2MW, the calculation is correct, strictly follows the law of conservation of energy, ensuring the rigor of the calculation, and at the same time verifies that when the 110m burial depth and 100m water head difference work together, the energy transfer is stable and there is no additional loss.

[0039] Energy transfer characteristics: The energy transfer path is clear and stable, specifically "full pipe pressure flow pressure potential energy (from a 100m head difference) → fluid kinetic energy → turbine input power → generator output power". The transfer is without significant fluctuations, energy loss is controllable, each unit performs work independently, and the total power is the sum of the power of a single unit. The full pipe flow state is always stable, and the 110m deep buried structure further enhances the system's anti-interference capability. It is compatible with a 100m head difference throughout the entire process.

[0040] Phase 4: Dynamic → Static Stoppage Phase (Full Pipe Flow Recovery); Status Description: The full-pipe pressure flow rate instantly drops to zero, the flow velocity abruptly changes to 0, the turbine generator stops synchronously, and the blades stop synchronously with the rotating ring; the structural connection is stable with no additional displacement, the fluid kinetic energy is quickly converted into static pressure potential energy, the system smoothly returns to the initial energy storage state, completing a complete operating cycle and preparing for the next cycle; the 110m deep buried pipeline can quickly dissipate the pressure shock at the moment of shutdown (originating from a 100m head difference), ensuring a smooth recovery of the flow state and verifying the compatibility between the burial depth and the head difference.

[0041] Energy transfer model: The core is the instantaneous conversion of fluid kinetic energy into pressure potential energy, with no energy output. The total energy of the system returns to the initial energy storage level. The energy conservation model is as follows: Formula (11): ΔE k +E stati c'=E stati c; Parameter description: ΔE k E is the change in fluid kinetic energy (unit: J). stati c' represents the residual pressure potential energy at the instant of shutdown (unit: J), E stati c represents the initial pressure potential energy (unit: J); Supplementary calculation verification: fluid kinetic energy E k =½mv²=½ρV pipe v² = 0.5 × 1000 × 1.5708 × 10 8 ×3.1²≈0.5×1000×1.5708×10 8 ×9.61≈7.56×10¹¹J, this energy can be completely converted into pressure potential energy, E after shutdown. stati c'=E stati c, ΔE k All of the energy was converted into pressure potential energy, and the flow pattern smoothly returned to a full-pipe static state with no pressure fluctuations or energy waste, indicating that the calculation logic was correct. At the same time, the 110m deep buried pipeline can effectively withstand the pressure fluctuations at the moment of shutdown (originating from a 100m head difference), further verifying the good compatibility between the two.

[0042] Additional explanation: At the moment of shutdown, the pressure in the pipeline quickly and evenly recovers, and the head borne by each turbine instantly recovers to 100m (the drop between the outlet and sea level), which is completely consistent with the initial static water stage. The pipeline always maintains a full-pipe high-pressure state. The structural strength of the 110m deep buried pipeline can effectively withstand the pressure fluctuation at the moment of shutdown, ensuring the long-term reliable circulation operation of the system and meeting the adaptability standards throughout the process.

[0043] Core Model Summary (Emphasis on Adaptability): This mathematical model strictly corresponds to the four operating stages of a full-pipe pressure flow hydropower station. Based on Pascal's theorem and the law of conservation of energy, combined with the flow characteristics of full-pipe pressure flow and specific engineering parameters, it clarifies the energy transfer path, calculation formula, and parameter meanings for each stage. Its core features and advantages are as follows: The model is designed to "maintain full-pipe pressure flow within the pipeline," "each turbine independently withstands a 100m static head (difference between the outlet and sea level)," and "precisely adapt to a 100m head within a 110m deep pipeline burial depth." The "head difference" is the core premise. Through energy calculation and state verification at each stage, it is confirmed that a 110m deep pipeline can effectively withstand the pressure (0.981MPa) generated by a 100m head difference, ensuring stable pressure transmission, efficient energy conversion, no pressure leakage, no additional energy loss, and fully conforming to the fluid dynamics characteristics of full-pipe pressure flow without gaps, no local negative pressure, and uniform pressure transmission. This ensures the rigor and accuracy of the model derivation, and fully verifies the adaptability of pipeline burial depth and head difference, which is consistent with the actual operation scenario of the project.

[0044] Seawater desalination unit: The seawater desalination unit adopts a dual desalination mode, with a designed daily freshwater production capacity of 300,000 m³, as detailed below: Natural energy-assisted desalination: High-temperature evaporation energy (≥35℃, efficiency uniformly 10%), extreme cold freezing energy (≤-5℃, freezing rate uniformly 18%), and geothermal energy (≥60℃, heat exchange efficiency uniformly 75%) are used to assist in desalination; seawater is introduced to the corresponding natural energy area through a combination of deep wells and pipelines, and the salinity of the desalinated water is ≤500mg / L, thus improving the distribution of water resources.

[0045] Reverse osmosis desalination: A polyamide composite reverse osmosis membrane (uniform pore size 0.15μm, uniform rejection rate 99.6%) is used. It is driven by a combination of deep well high head pressure energy (uniform 1.0MPa, precisely adapted to the pressure generated by a 100m head difference) and hydroelectric generator power (uniform 380V / 110kV). The operating pressure is uniformly 1.2MPa, and the recovery rate is uniformly 50%, producing finished desalinated water (salt content ≤100mg / L) to meet various desalination needs. The desalination unit's related pipelines are buried at a depth of 110m, synchronized with the deep well burial depth, matching the overall deep burial design of the system. This also adapts to the pressure requirements of a 100m head difference, ensuring stable pressure during the desalination process and further verifying the compatibility between burial depth and head difference.

[0046] Multi-stage water conveyance mechanism: The deep well-pipeline combination includes an intake deep well, pipeline, full-pipe pressure hydroelectric power station, outlet deep well, and pumping unit (rated power uniformly 10MW, head uniformly 20m). In low-altitude areas, the intake deep well, pipeline, and power station are located; in high-altitude areas, the outlet deep well (100m drop between outlet water surface and sea level) and pumping unit are located, alternating with the next-level intake deep well and pipeline to achieve a gradual lifting of water resources, overcoming topographical differences (maximum 30m per stage, adaptable to a total head difference of 100m). All water transmission pipelines and pumping units are buried at a depth of 110m, consistent with the overall deep burial design of the pipeline, ensuring stable pressure during water transmission and adapting to the pressure transmission requirements of a 100m head difference, thus enhancing the adaptability of burial depth and head difference.

[0047] In gently sloping areas (slope ≤ 5°), the water level of adjacent deep well groups is raised by 15m, and the vertical height of the outlet deep well is uniformly 20m; in steep areas (slope > 5°), the water level is raised by 25m, and the vertical height of the outlet deep well is uniformly 35m, adapting to complex terrain. Water resources are transported in a cyclical relay: "intake deep well → horizontal pipeline (power generation) → outlet deep well (100m head difference between outlet water surface and sea level) → electric pumping to the intake deep well." The overall water transport efficiency is uniformly 87%, and the energy loss for long-distance transport (50km-100km) is uniformly within 13%. The 110m deep buried pipeline reduces the interference of external temperature and geological activity on the water transport process, while resisting the continuous pressure from the 100m head difference, improving water transport stability, and ensuring adaptability throughout the entire water transport process. Figure 5 Structural diagram of a high-altitude, long-distance energy and water transmission system.

[0048] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, so as to enable those skilled in the art to implement it; (The water level at the outlet is 100m above sea level, the pipe diameter is 10m, and the pipe burial depth is 110m), with the focus on verifying the compatibility between the pipe burial depth and the water head difference. Example 1: This example is applicable to a scenario of integrated energy and water supply in a coastal area with gentle terrain (slope ≤ 3°), a daily freshwater production of 300,000 m³, and a total power generation of 250 MW (5 units of 50 MW each). The specific structure is as follows, with a focus on ensuring the compatibility of the pipeline burial depth of 110m with a water head difference of 100m: 1. Seawater intake unit: 4 QJ350-80 / 4 type deep-sea water intake pump sets are deployed in parallel, with a single unit flow rate of 3.5 m³ / s, power of 3.5 MW, and head of 80m; located at the edge of the continental shelf (10km from the coast, water depth of 30m), equipped with 50μm precision filters to ensure seawater cleanliness and adapt to the unified pipeline flow rate (243.47 m³ / s); the burial depth of the water intake pump set and the corresponding chamber is 110m, which is compatible with the pipeline burial depth and also adapts to the pressure transmission requirements of a water head difference of 100m. 2. Pipeline: 316L stainless steel sealed pressure pipeline, laid horizontally throughout, buried at a depth of 110m (uniformly set to precisely match a 100m head difference); inner diameter 10m, wall thickness 35mm, elevation deviation ≤±0.4m; design flow rate 243.47m³ / s, flow velocity 3.1m / s, pressure 1.0MPa (compatible with the 0.981MPa pressure generated by a 100m head difference); hydraulic gradient within the pipe 0.02, friction head loss coefficient 0.02, hydraulic distribution is a vertical triangle and consistent throughout the entire process, perfectly matching uniform parameters (100m head difference, 10m pipe diameter, 110m burial depth). Verified, the pipeline strength can withstand the pressure of a 100m head difference, with good adaptability. 3. Hydropower Unit: Five full-pipe pressure turbine generators are connected in series along the pipeline axis, with a single unit rated power of 50MW and a total power of 250MW. The flow section of the unit is consistent with the inner diameter of the pipeline (10m), with no change in diameter before and after, and an adjacent spacing of 100m. It is equipped with an underground chamber of 8m×10m×6m, buried at a depth of 110m, which is consistent with the burial depth of the pipeline. It can withstand the ground stress caused by a 100m water head difference. Adjacent chambers are connected by a 2m wide maintenance corridor, which is connected to a 3m diameter vertical shaft with a depth of 110m, which matches the burial depth of the pipeline. The parameters are fully matched and uniform, ensuring stable operation of the unit and adapting to the coordinated working conditions of burial depth and water head difference. The generator set's rotating ring has the same diameter as the pipeline (10m inner diameter). The inner wall is equipped with 10 streamlined blades oriented at 38° to the dorsal fin of a whale, with an axial length of 1.8m, a radial dimension of 0.4m, and a thickness that gradually changes from 0.1m at the tip to 0.3m on the inner wall of the ring. The material is high-manganese steel ZGMn13. Fifteen 1.0T magnetic rods are installed on the outer wall, and the two ends are connected to the pipeline through 1000kN thrust bearings to form the rotor. The stator copper core coil has a rated voltage of 110kV. With water cooling and online monitoring, the operating efficiency is 90%. It is fully matched with unified parameters and can efficiently handle the energy generated by a 100m water head difference, making it suitable for environments with a burial depth of 110m.4. Deep Well Unit: Composed of 1 deep-sea side deep well and 4 inland side deep wells; The deep-sea side deep well has a diameter of 4m and a uniform depth of 215m (buried depth 110m, adapted to the pipeline burial depth), with the top 15m below sea level and 8m above the continental shelf, and the bottom extending 25m below the continental shelf and connected to the pipeline; The inland side deep wells (outlets) have a diameter of 5m and a uniform depth of 270m (buried depth 110m), with the liquid level maintained 100m below sea level (consistent with the total head difference), and the liquid level to the bottom of the well H1=60m, meeting the reverse osmosis desalination head requirements, and fully matching uniform parameters to ensure that the 100m head difference between the outlet water level and sea level, the 110m deep burial of the pipeline, and the deep well burial depth are all compatible and uniform. The deep well group consists of one seawater desalination working well, one desalinated water storage and output well, one by-product storage and transportation well, and one working channel deep well, with a well spacing of 20m. They are connected by a 1.5m diameter, 1.0MPa design pressure connecting corridor to form an integrated structure (suitable for a 100m head difference pressure). The top opening of the inland deep well is located 20m below the mountain surface and connects to a 3.5m wide mountain access tunnel. The access tunnel is buried at a depth of 110m, consistent with the pipeline burial depth, with no exposed structure on the ground. It is fully matched with unified parameters to ensure the overall structure is stress-balanced and adapts to the coordinated needs of burial depth and head difference. 5. Seawater Desalination Unit: Employing a dual desalination mode, with an average annual temperature of 38℃ in the coastal area, high-temperature evaporation energy (efficiency 10%) is used to assist desalination, resulting in desalinated water with a salinity of ≤500mg / L. Simultaneously, 1.0MPa deep well pressure energy (suitable for a 100m head difference) and hydroelectric generator power (380V / 110kV) are used to drive a polyamide composite reverse osmosis membrane (0.15μm pore size, 99.6% rejection rate), operating at a pressure of 1.2MPa, with a recovery rate of 50%, producing freshwater with a salinity of ≤100mg / L, and a daily output of 300,000 m³. The desalination unit pipeline is buried at a depth of 110m, with fully matched and unified parameters, adapting to the pressure requirements of a 100m head difference. 6. Multi-stage water conveyance mechanism: The terrain is flat (slope 2°), the water level of adjacent deep well groups is raised by 15m, and the vertical height of the outlet deep well is 20m; 3 ISW200-315 pumping units (10MW power per unit, 20m head) assist in the conveyance. The pumping unit chamber is buried at a depth of 110m. The seawater is conveyed to the inland area 50km from the coast through a 2-stage relay. The overall water conveyance efficiency is 87%, the energy loss is 13%, and it is suitable for a total head difference of 100m and a burial depth of 110m. The parameters are fully matched and verified to be compatible with the burial depth and head difference in the water conveyance process.

[0049] Example 2: This example is applicable to a scenario of integrated energy and water supply in coastal steep terrain (8° slope), daily freshwater production of 300,000 m³, total power generation of 300 MW (6 units of 50 MW each, 3 sets in series and parallel), and long-distance inland transportation. The specific structure is as follows, with a focus on enhancing the adaptability of the pipeline to a 110m burial depth and a 100m head difference: 1. Pipeline: 316L stainless steel sealed pressure pipeline, burial depth 110m (uniformly set, precisely adapted to a 100m head difference, no fine-tuning required for steep terrain); With a diameter of 10m and a wall thickness of 35mm, the design flow rate is 243.47m³ / s, the flow velocity is 3.1m / s, and the pressure is 1.0MPa (suitable for a 100m head difference pressure); the elevation deviation is ≤±0.4m, the hydraulic gradient is 0.02, the friction head loss coefficient is 0.02, and the hydraulic system is distributed in a vertical triangle. It fully matches the unified parameters (100m head difference, 10m pipe diameter, 110m burial depth). Under steep terrain, the 110m burial depth can effectively resist the stratum stress and water head pressure, and the adaptability meets the standards. 2. Hydropower Generation Unit: The unit is arranged in series and parallel, with three sets of generators connected in series along the main pipeline, and two generators connected in parallel in each set. Each unit has a rated power of 50MW, for a total power of 300MW. The main pipeline flow is diverted to two smaller pipelines with a diameter of 7.07m (10 / √2≈7.07m), with one generator set connected in series in each pipeline, spaced 100m apart. An underground chamber of 8m×10m×6m with a burial depth of 110m, matching the pipeline depth, is included. This chamber can withstand the stress of steep terrain and a 100m head difference. The maintenance corridor is 2m wide, and the connecting shaft has a diameter of 3m and a depth of 110m. The generator set has 10 38° blades, 15 1.0T magnetic rods, and a 1000kN thrust bearing, achieving an operating efficiency of 90%. All parameters are fully matched to ensure efficient energy conversion and adaptability to the combined working conditions of burial depth and head difference. 3. Deep Well Unit: The inland deep well (outlet) has a diameter of 5m and a uniform depth of 270m (110m burial depth, adapted to the pipeline burial depth). The liquid level is maintained 100m below sea level (consistent with the total head difference), and the distance from the liquid level to the bottom of the well is H1=60m. The terrain is steep, and the water level of adjacent deep well units is raised by 25m. The vertical height of the outlet deep well is 35m. The well spacing is 20m, and the connecting corridor has a diameter of 1.5m and a design pressure of 1.0MPa (adapted to a 100m head difference). The top opening is located 20m below the mountain surface and connects to a 3.5m wide traffic cavern. The traffic cavern is buried at a depth of 110m, adapted to the pipeline burial depth. All parameters are fully matched and uniform, ensuring that the outlet head difference, pipeline burial depth, and deep well burial depth are coordinated and adapted.4. Seawater Desalination Unit: The target area is an inland extremely cold region with an average annual temperature of -8℃. It utilizes the energy of extreme cold freezing (freezing rate of 18%) to assist in desalination, and the salinity of the desalinated water is ≤450mg / L. Combined with reverse osmosis technology (membrane pore size of 0.15μm, rejection rate of 99.6%), it utilizes 1.0MPa deep well pressure energy (suitable for a 100m head difference) and electric power to drive the process. The operating pressure is 1.2MPa, the recovery rate is 50%, and the daily freshwater production is 300,000 m³. The relevant pipelines of the desalination unit are buried at a depth of 110m, and the parameters are fully matched and uniform, adapting to the pressure requirements of the burial depth and head difference. 5. Multi-stage water conveyance mechanism: Three ISW250-400 pumping units (10MW power per unit, 20m head) are used. The pumping unit chamber is buried at a depth of 110m. Through 6-stage relay, the total elevation difference of 120m is overcome (20m ≤ 30m per stage) to transport seawater to an extremely cold inland area 100km from the coast. The overall water conveyance efficiency is 87%, and the energy loss is 13%. It is suitable for a total head difference of 100m and a burial depth of 110m. The parameters are fully matched and uniform, which further verifies the adaptability of pipeline burial depth and head difference in long-distance transportation scenarios.

Claims

1. A deep-earth-ocean energy coupling utilization system, comprising a seawater intake unit, pipelines, a hydropower generation unit, a seawater desalination unit, and a deep well unit, characterized in that, The seawater intake unit, pipeline, hydropower generation unit, seawater desalination unit, and deep well unit are sequentially connected via a deep-well-pipeline assembly constructed through deep-earth engineering. The system uses an artificially set head difference, with the pipeline laid horizontally throughout. The hydraulic pressure distribution along the vertical cross-section of the pipeline exhibits a triangular pattern, maintaining consistency across all cross-sections throughout the pipeline's length. The hydropower generation unit comprises multiple full-pipe pressure turbine generators deployed along the pipeline; each unit operates independently without interference, and the total system power is the sum of the individual unit's power. The seawater desalination unit can utilize various geographical environments... The system utilizes natural energy sources, including high-temperature evaporation energy, extreme cold freezing energy, and geothermal energy, to facilitate seawater desalination. Through a combination of deep wells and pipelines capable of long-distance water and energy transmission, seawater is transported to the corresponding geographical environment. This utilizes these various natural energy sources to achieve seawater desalination, thereby improving the local water resource distribution. Simultaneously, the desalination unit can also employ reverse osmosis technology. By leveraging the high head pressure energy provided by the deep well unit, combined with the electrical energy output from the full-pipe pressure turbine generator, efficient seawater desalination is achieved, producing finished freshwater.

2. The deep earth as described in claim 1 The ocean energy coupling and utilization system is characterized by: The deep well unit includes a deep-sea side deep well and an inland side deep well. The top of the deep-sea side deep well is below sea level but above the continental shelf, and the bottom extends into the strata below the continental shelf and is connected to a pipeline. The seawater level in the inland side deep well is stably maintained at a preset depth below sea level, forming the first initial energy head H0. The depth of the inland side deep well extends downward from the seawater outlet until it meets the head depth required for reverse osmosis seawater desalination, and the water level at the bottom of the well forms the second initial energy head H1.

3. The deep-earth-ocean energy coupling and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep well unit employs reverse osmosis technology, utilizing the high head pressure energy of the deep wells and coordinating with the electrical energy output from the full-pipe pressure turbine generator to achieve efficient seawater desalination and produce finished fresh water. The deep well unit comprises multiple adjacent deep wells, specifically including seawater desalination working wells, desalinated water storage and output wells, by-product storage and transportation wells, environmentally compliant redundant seawater return wells, working channel deep wells, and connecting corridors. Each functional deep well is connected by a dedicated structure to form an integrated deep well unit. To cope with extreme working conditions such as war, the openings at the top of the inland deep wells are all located inside the mountain, with the wellheads connected to the mountain's transportation caves, without any exposed structures on the ground.

4. The deep-earth-ocean energy coupling and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline is a closed pressure pipeline laid horizontally throughout its entire length and buried at a consistent depth. It is buried at a predetermined depth below sea level, with no abrupt changes in elevation throughout its entire length. The hydraulic pressure of the full-pipe pressure flow in the vertical section decreases linearly from bottom to top along the vertical direction, forming a vertical triangular distribution that matches the inner diameter of the pipeline, and the hydraulic distribution of each section along the pipeline remains consistent.

5. The deep-earth-ocean energy coupling and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator set includes a pipe, a rotating ring of the same diameter as the pipe, turbine blades, a thrust bearing connecting the pipe and the rotating ring, a magnetic rod, a stator, a gravity support base, and auxiliary equipment for the power station. In the full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator set, turbine blades are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the rotating ring of the same diameter as the pipe, and a magnetic rod is installed on the outer wall of the rotating ring. The two ends of the magnetic rod are connected to the pipe through the thrust bearing to form the generator rotor. The generator stator and the gravity support base are arranged coaxially, and together with the auxiliary equipment for the power station, the turbine generator set can be installed and operated stably.

6. The deep-earth-ocean energy coupling and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blades of the full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating ring. The blades are directly welded and fixed to the inner wall of the rotating ring with the same diameter as the pipe, and there is no central shaft connection structure between the blades. The blades adopt a slanted whale dorsal fin streamlined structure. The axial length of the blades is consistent with that of the pipe. The blades are smaller in the radial direction of the ring, and the blade thickness gradually changes to the maximum at the connection point of the inner wall of the ring along the radial direction. The rotational torque changes to the maximum synchronously, while also taking into account the increase of the flow cross-sectional area to ensure smooth water delivery.

7. The deep-earth-ocean energy coupling and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator units in a hydroelectric power generation unit can be connected in series along the pipeline axis. The flow cross-section of each unit is consistent with the inner diameter of the pipeline, and there are no diameter reduction structures between the unit and the pipeline. Multiple units are arranged at equal intervals along the pipeline axis. If multiple full-pipe pressure flow turbine generator units are connected in parallel along the pipeline axis, the pipeline flow needs to be diverted to the corresponding small-diameter pipeline, and then the turbine generator units are connected in series on the small-diameter pipeline. The flow cross-section of each unit is consistent with the inner diameter of the corresponding small-diameter pipeline, and there are no diameter reduction structures between the unit and the pipeline. Multiple units are arranged at equal intervals along the pipeline axis. Each unit is equipped with an underground installation and operation chamber formed by deep underground engineering excavation. Adjacent underground chambers are connected by maintenance corridors, which are connected to vertical shafts connecting to the ground, ensuring convenient maintenance of the units.

8. The deep-earth-ocean energy coupling and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple full-pipe pressure flow turbine generators are deployed along the pipeline. Each unit operates independently without interference, and the total output power is the sum of the individual unit power. The energy transfer of the full-pipe pressure flow hydropower station follows the complete cycle logic of "energy storage → conversion → stable output → energy storage recovery" of full-pipe pressure flow. The energy conservation relationship at each stage is clear, and energy loss can be accurately calculated. This energy transfer system is constructed based on actual engineering scenarios, strictly following the hydrodynamic characteristics of full-pipe pressure flow, Pascal's theorem, and the law of conservation of energy. The core parameters are fully matched with the engineering design, ensuring that the system is practical, feasible, and rigorous, and providing accurate theoretical support for energy transfer calculations at each stage of system operation.

9. The deep-earth-ocean energy coupling and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seawater desalination unit can utilize natural energy sources such as high-temperature evaporation energy, extreme cold freezing energy, and geothermal energy to complete seawater desalination. The system uses a combination of deep wells and pipelines constructed through deep-earth engineering to transport seawater to geographical environments with corresponding natural energy sources, and utilizes various natural energy sources to carry out seawater desalination operations, thereby improving the local water resource distribution.

10. The deep-earth-ocean energy coupling and utilization system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The deep-well-pipeline combination constructed by deep-earth engineering includes an intake deep well, pipeline, full-pipe pressure hydropower station, outlet deep well, and pumping unit. By setting up intake deep wells, pipelines, and full-pipe pressure hydropower stations in low-altitude areas, and outlet deep wells and pumping units in high-altitude areas, and alternating with the next level of intake deep wells and pipelines, water resources are gradually raised to overcome the terrain elevation differences along the route. In areas with gentle terrain, the water level rise of adjacent deep well groups is smaller, and the vertical height of the corresponding outlet deep well decreases accordingly. In areas with steep terrain, the water level rise is larger, and the vertical height of the corresponding outlet deep well increases accordingly to adapt to complex terrain conditions. Water resources are gradually transported to the target area through a relay transmission of the multi-stage deep well-pipeline combination, following the process of "intake deep well → horizontal pipeline (power generation) → outlet deep well → electric pumping to the intake deep well".

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