A device for detecting vibration failure of a conical box component

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of vibration detection, and particularly relates to a kind of conical box component vibration fault detection device, comprising: operation platform;Self-adapting buffer detection mechanism, it is installed inside the operation platform, for with conical box inside gear self-adapting buffer type contact, prevent and gear contact not comprehensive appear detection result inaccuracy phenomenon;Through self-adapting buffer detection mechanism adopts symmetrical arrangement, rack and pinion meshing realizes the reverse synchronous motion of detection head: one side contact tooth top lifts when, the other side automatically probes tooth groove, ensure that detection point all around evenly contact tooth surface.Each detection head independently equipped with spring and damper, form buffer filter system, both can adapt to the microfluctuation of tooth surface, avoid rigid impact, can also filter out high-frequency noise, extract pure vibration signal to identify pitting, broken teeth and other faults.This design fundamentally solves the signal distortion problem caused by poor contact, significantly improves the accuracy, reliability and efficiency of vibration diagnosis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration detection, specifically a vibration fault detection device for cone box components. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of the transmission system, the operating state of the gears (such as bevel gears) inside the cone gearbox directly affects the stability, reliability, and lifespan of the entire equipment. Vibration signals are important characteristic parameters reflecting the gear meshing state and diagnosing early faults (such as pitting, cracks, and uneven wear). Therefore, accurate and efficient vibration fault detection of the gears inside the cone gearbox is of great significance for achieving predictive maintenance and avoiding sudden downtime accidents.

[0003] Most existing contact testing devices use probe-type testing heads with rigid or simple elastic supports. During the testing process, due to the periodic height difference between the tooth tip and tooth groove on the bevel gear tooth surface, rigid contact can easily cause drastic fluctuations in the pressure of the testing head, or even momentary disengagement, generating impact noise and missing key vibration signals. While simple elastic supports provide some buffering, they cannot continuously and adaptively compensate for these fluctuations during gear rotation. It is difficult to ensure that the testing head array maintains a uniform and comprehensive tight fit with the entire tested tooth surface area. This directly results in incomplete and inconsistent vibration signal acquisition, low signal-to-noise ratio, and seriously affects the accuracy of subsequent judgment of gear meshing status and extraction of early fault features (such as pitting and uneven wear). Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that existing vibration fault detection devices for cone box components cannot ensure a uniform and comprehensive close fit between the detection head array and the entire tested tooth surface area during detection, this invention proposes a vibration fault detection device for cone box components.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a vibration fault detection device for cone box components, comprising: Control panel; The adaptive buffer detection mechanism is installed inside the operating table and is used to make adaptive buffer contact with the gears inside the cone box to prevent inaccurate detection results due to incomplete contact with the gears. The first protective mechanism is installed below the adaptive buffer detection mechanism. It is used to cool down and protect the internal gears of the cone box when the adaptive buffer detection mechanism detects vibration, so as to prevent damage caused by excessive temperature during the detection. The second protective mechanism is installed outside the adaptive buffer detection mechanism to provide dust protection when the adaptive buffer detection mechanism detects the vibration of the gears inside the cone box, and to prevent damage caused by contact with debris inside the cone box during the detection process. The adaptive buffer detection mechanism includes two outer shells. Movable slots are provided on both sides of the inner walls of the two outer shells. Movable blocks are slidably connected to the inner cavities of the movable slots. An inner shell is fixedly connected to one side of every two movable blocks. Several dampers are provided at the top of the inner cavities of the four inner shells. A spring is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of each damper, and a detection head is fixedly sleeved on the inner ring of each spring.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of each inner shell is provided with several round holes that are adapted to the detection head, the two inner shells inside the outer shell are not set on the same horizontal line, and the outer walls of the two outer shells are provided with cross-shaped slots.

[0007] Preferably, a rack is fixedly connected to each of the two inner shells on opposite sides, and a round rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the inner cavity of each outer shell via a bearing. Gears are fitted on the outer rings of the two round rods, and the two gears are meshed with the corresponding two racks.

[0008] Preferably, the first protective mechanism includes a number of rotating rods that rotate at the bottom of several detection heads via bearings. Each of the rotating rods has a column fixedly connected to its bottom. Each column has a rubber contact head fixedly connected to its bottom. The outer ring of each column has identical square blocks. Each square block has a fan blade rotatably connected to its bottom via bearings. Each column has a heat dissipation ring fitted around its outer ring. Each heat dissipation ring has several heat dissipation fins fixedly connected to its top and bottom. Each heat dissipation fin has a hollow groove on one side.

[0009] Preferably, the outer ring of the heat dissipation ring is provided with a number of flow holes, and the position of every six flow holes corresponds to the two heat dissipation fins located at the upper and lower ends of the heat dissipation ring.

[0010] Preferably, the outer ring of the column is provided with a first helical blade and a second helical blade, the helical angle of the first helical blade is greater than the helical angle of the second helical blade, the inner cavity of the column is provided with a phase change material, and the outer ring of the column is coated with a copper material layer.

[0011] Preferably, the second protective mechanism includes eight L-shaped frames and eight cross-shaped locking blocks. Each cross-shaped locking block has a U-shaped seat fixedly connected to one side. The inner cavities of the L-shaped frames and U-shaped seats are respectively rotatably connected to two first rods and one second rod through bearings. Each pair of first rods is rotatably connected to a corresponding second rod through bearings. Each pair of first rods is also rotatably connected to an identical third rod through bearings. Each side of the third rod is fixedly connected to a baffle plate.

[0012] Preferably, the L-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the outer shell, and the cross-shaped blocks are slidably connected to the outer shell within the cross-shaped slots. A slot is provided at the bottom of each pair of corresponding baffles.

[0013] Preferably, hydraulic cylinders are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the operating table, and clamps are fixedly connected to one side of the output end of each of the two hydraulic cylinders. A lifting cylinder is provided on the top of the operating table, and a first connecting shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the output end of the lifting cylinder. A first motor is provided on the left side of the first connecting shell, and a first limiting rod is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the first connecting shell. The output end of the first motor is rotatably connected to a bidirectional lead screw through a coupling.

[0014] Preferably, two fixing frames are fitted in the middle of the bidirectional lead screw and the first limiting rod. A second connecting shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of each of the two fixing frames. A second motor is provided on the front of each of the two second connecting shells. The output end of each of the second motors is rotatably connected to a lead screw through a coupling. A second limiting rod is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of each of the two second connecting shells. A U-shaped frame is fitted in the middle of each of the second limiting rod and the lead screw. A circular slot adapted to the bidirectional lead screw, the first limiting rod, the lead screw, and the second limiting rod is opened through the middle of each of the U-shaped frame and the fixing frame. The second connecting shell is fixedly connected to the corresponding outer shell.

[0015] The advantages of this invention are: 1. This invention utilizes an adaptive buffer detection mechanism with symmetrically arranged inner shells that achieve reverse synchronous movement through the meshing of racks and gears. When one detection head rises due to contact with the tooth tip, the other detection head automatically descends to find the tooth groove, ensuring that multiple detection points maintain close and uniform contact with the tooth surface throughout the entire circumference of the gear. Simultaneously, each detection head is independently equipped with a spring and damper, forming a buffer and filtering system. This system can adapt to the micro-undulations of the tooth surface, preventing rigid impact damage to the detection head, and effectively filter out high-frequency interference noise, extracting pure vibration signals that reflect the gear meshing state and fault characteristics such as pitting and broken teeth. This design fundamentally solves the problem of detection signal distortion caused by poor or uneven contact, significantly improving the accuracy, reliability, and detection efficiency of vibration fault diagnosis.

[0016] 2. This invention achieves long-term reliable detection and convenient operation under harsh working conditions through an integrated, self-driven first protective mechanism and a rapidly opening and closing second protective mechanism. The first protective mechanism cleverly utilizes the minute rotational kinetic energy generated during the detection process to drive the fan blades to generate forced airflow. Heat exchange is enhanced through spiral blades, guides, heat dissipation rings, and heat dissipation fins. Combined with the heat storage and release function of the phase change material within the column, this constitutes a highly efficient, externally powered active cooling system, effectively suppressing the temperature rise of the detection head due to prolonged friction and operation, preventing damage to the detection head's performance. The second protective mechanism employs a linkage principle, allowing for rapid expansion or contraction of the baffle plate via a sliding cross-shaped locking block, forming a local dust barrier during detection to block metal debris. A multi-coordinate positioning system composed of a hydraulic cylinder, lifting cylinder, bidirectional lead screw, and lead rod allows for rapid and precise adaptation to bevel gears of different sizes and installation positions. This integrated protection and positioning design greatly enhances the equipment's environmental adaptability, durability, and ease of automated operation, while reducing maintenance costs and operational difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive buffer detection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the inner shell of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first protective mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second protective mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connecting shell of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 100, operating table; 101, hydraulic cylinder; 102, clamping plate; 103, lifting cylinder; 104, first connecting shell; 105, first motor; 106, first limit rod; 107, double-acting lead screw; 108, fixing frame; 109, second connecting shell; 110, second motor; 111, lead screw; 112, second limit rod; 113, U-shaped frame; 200, adaptive buffer detection mechanism; 201, outer shell; 202, movable slot; 203, movable block; 204, inner shell; 205, damper; 206, spring; 207, detection head; 208, round hole; 209. 210. Rack; 211. Round rod; 212. Gear; 213. Cross-shaped slot; 300. First protective mechanism; 301. Rotating rod; 302. Column; 303. Rubber contact head; 304. Square block; 305. Fan blade; 306. Heat dissipation ring; 307. Flow hole; 308. Heat dissipation fin; 309. Hollow groove; 310. First helical blade; 311. Second helical blade; 400. Second protective mechanism; 401. L-shaped frame; 402. Cross-shaped block; 403. U-shaped seat; 404. First rod; 405. Second rod; 406. Third rod; 407. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-4 As shown, a vibration fault detection device for cone box components includes: Control panel 100; The adaptive buffer detection mechanism 200 is installed inside the operating table 100 and is used to make adaptive buffer contact with the gears inside the cone box to prevent inaccurate detection results due to incomplete contact with the gears. The first protective mechanism 300 is installed below the adaptive buffer detection mechanism 200 and is used to cool down and protect the gears inside the cone box when the adaptive buffer detection mechanism 200 detects vibration, so as to prevent damage caused by excessive temperature during detection. The second protective mechanism 400 is installed outside the adaptive buffer detection mechanism 200 and is used to provide dust protection when the adaptive buffer detection mechanism 200 detects the vibration of the gears inside the cone box, so as to prevent damage caused by contact with debris inside the cone box during the detection. The adaptive buffer detection mechanism 200 includes two outer shells 201. Movable slots 202 are provided on both sides of the inner walls of the two outer shells 201. Movable blocks 203 are slidably connected to the inner cavities of the movable slots 202. An inner shell 204 is fixedly connected to one side of every two movable blocks 203. Several dampers 205 are provided at the top of the inner cavities of the four inner shells 204. Springs 206 are fixedly fitted around the outer rings of the dampers 205, and detection heads 207 are fixedly fitted around the inner rings of the springs 206. A detection head 207 is provided at the bottom of each inner shell 204. There are several round holes 208 that fit the detection head 207. The two inner shells 204 inside the outer shell 201 are not set on the same horizontal line. The outer walls of the two outer shells 201 are provided with cross-shaped slots 212. A rack 209 is fixedly connected to the opposite side of each pair of inner shells 204. A round rod 210 is rotatably connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the outer shell 201 through a bearing. Gears 211 are fitted on the outer ring of the two round rods 210. The two gears 211 are meshed with the corresponding two racks 209.

[0022] Using the above technical solution, the operator opens the upper shell of the cone box and places it in the central area of ​​the operating table 100. The two hydraulic cylinders 101 are activated to simultaneously push the clamping plate 102 towards the center until the clamping plate 102 is completely in contact with the side of the cone box, applying a uniform clamping force to ensure no axial or radial displacement during the testing process. Then, the output end of the lifting cylinder 103 drives the first connecting shell 104 and the lower overall adaptive buffer detection mechanism 200 to descend smoothly. When the rubber contact head 303 at the bottom of the detection head 207 is about to contact the tooth surface of the gear 211, the lifting cylinder 103 switches to low speed. In this mode, a soft landing is achieved. Because the tooth surface of gear 211 is undulating, part of the detection head 207 first contacts the tooth tip, the spring 206 begins to compress, and the piston rod of the damper 205 moves accordingly, generating a moderate damping force to prevent the detection head 207 from rebounding or vibrating. The detection head 207, subjected to the pressure of the tooth tip, moves upward, pushing its corresponding inner shell 204 to slide upward along the movable groove 202. The movable block 203 rolls within the groove, resulting in minimal friction. The rack 209, fixed to the side of the inner shell 204, also moves upward, driving the meshing gear 211 to rotate. 11 is mounted on the round rod 210, and the rotational motion is transmitted to the rack 209 on the other side, forcing the corresponding inner shell 204 to slide downward. When a protruding tooth tip is detected on one side, the detection head 207 on the other side will actively seek the concave tooth groove, realizing the following compensation of the detection heads 207 on both sides. This ensures that on any radial section of the gear 211, multiple detection heads 207 can simultaneously contact the tooth tip and tooth groove surface, thereby ensuring the synchronous movement of the inner shells 204 on both sides and avoiding excessive pressure or poor contact on one side. After all the detection heads 207 have made stable contact, the gear 211 is externally excited. When vibration occurs (e.g., when the drive shaft is connected), the vibration is transmitted to the detection head 207 via the rubber contact head 303. The vibration is then transmitted to the external analysis system via the built-in sensor. At the same time, the spring 206 and the damper 205 form a damping system, which filters out high-frequency impact noise and only allows vibration signals that reflect the fault characteristics of the gear 211, such as meshing frequency and sideband vibration, to be effectively collected. Thus, the structure of the spring 206 and the damper 205 allows the detection head 207 to automatically adjust to the surface undulations of the gear 211, ensuring full contact and protecting the detection head 207 from damage, thereby improving detection accuracy and equipment lifespan.

[0023] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the first protective mechanism 300 includes a number of rotating rods 301 that rotate at the bottom of several detection heads 207 via bearings. Each rotating rod 301 has a column 302 fixedly connected to its bottom. Each column 302 has a rubber contact head 303 fixedly connected to its bottom. Identical square blocks 304 are provided around the outer circumference of each column 302. Each square block 304 has a fan blade 305 rotatably connected to its bottom via bearings. Each column 302 has a heat dissipation ring 306 fitted around its outer circumference. Several heat dissipation fins 30 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of each heat dissipation ring 306. 8. Hollow grooves 309 are provided on one side of each heat dissipation fin 308. Several flow holes 307 are provided on the outer ring of each heat dissipation ring 306. The positions of every six flow holes 307 correspond to the two heat dissipation fins 308 located at the upper and lower ends of the heat dissipation ring 306. A first spiral blade 310 and a second spiral blade 311 are fitted on the outer ring of each column 302. The spiral angle of the first spiral blade 310 is greater than the spiral angle of the second spiral blade 311. A phase change material is provided in the inner cavity of each column 302. A copper material layer is coated on the outer ring of each column 302.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, the rubber contact head 303, under the rotational friction of the gear 211 below the mechanism and inside the cone box, will generate a slight circumferential rotational tendency. This rotation is transmitted to the rotating rod 301 through the bearing. The rotating rod 301 drives the column 302 to rotate at the same speed as the gear 211 inside the cone box. The copper coating on the outer ring of the column 302 has good thermal conductivity, which quickly absorbs and diffuses the heat conducted by the detection head 207 to the entire surface of the column 302. At the same time, the square block 304 fixed on the column 302 rotates together. The fan blade 305 installed at its bottom is similar to the blade of a centrifugal fan. When the fan blade 305 rotates, it draws in still air from above and throws it out in all directions, forming a forced airflow. The airflow first impacts the heat dissipation ring 306. The multiple flow holes 307 on the outer ring of the heat dissipation ring 306 divide and guide the airflow. Some of the airflow blows directly onto the heat dissipation fins 308 through the flow holes 307. Furthermore, when the airflow flows through the first spiral blade 310, due to the large spiral angle, it generates strong axial guidance. The function is to push the airflow towards the upper region of the heat dissipation ring 306. Subsequently, the airflow encounters the second spiral blade 311 with a smaller spiral angle and is changed to a more radial flow, thereby more fully scouring the surface of all heat dissipation fins 308. The hollow grooves 309 on the heat dissipation fins 308 further disrupt the air boundary layer, enhance turbulence, and improve heat transfer efficiency. The inner cavity of the column 302 is encapsulated with a phase change material such as paraffin-based composite material. In the initial stage of detection, the temperature is low and the material is in a solid state. As detection continues, frictional heat and the heat generated by electrical components cause the temperature to rise. When the temperature reaches the phase change point, the material begins to absorb a large amount of latent heat and gradually melts. This process can effectively slow down the temperature rise rate of the column 302 and its connected detection head 207, buying time for active air cooling. During detection intervals or after the test, the temperature drops, the phase change material re-solidifies, and releases the stored heat into the environment to prepare for the next test. This can effectively reduce the temperature of the detection area to protect the detection head 207 and avoid damage to internal components due to excessive temperature.

[0025] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the second protective mechanism 400 includes eight L-shaped frames 401 and eight cross-shaped locking blocks 402. A U-shaped seat 403 is fixedly connected to one side of each cross-shaped locking block 402. The inner cavities of the L-shaped frames 401 and the U-shaped seats 403 are rotatably connected to two first rods 404 and one second rod 405 respectively through bearings. Each pair of first rods 404 is rotatably connected to the corresponding second rod 405 through bearings. Each pair of first rods 404 is also rotatably connected to the same third rod 406 through bearings. A baffle 407 is fixedly connected to one side of each third rod 406. The L-shaped frames 401 are fixedly connected to the outer shell 201. The cross-shaped locking blocks 402 are slidably connected to the outer shell 201 through cross-shaped locking grooves 212. A slot is opened at the bottom of each pair of corresponding baffles 407.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, when the multiple detection heads 207 in the adaptive buffer detection mechanism 200 contact the gear 211 inside the cone box, the baffle 407 will also make contact, thereby driving the baffle 407 to move upward synchronously. When moving upward, the cross-shaped locking block 402 will slide in the corresponding cross-shaped locking groove 212. When sliding, it will drive the U-shaped seat 403 connected to it to move upward. The movement of the U-shaped seat 403 will drive the first rods 404 on both sides to rotate through the second rod 405 hinged to it. The other end of the first rod 404 is rotatably connected to the fixed L-shaped frame 401 through a bearing. Therefore, the rotation of the first link 404 is converted into the planar motion of the third link 406. This is a combination of a planar four-bar linkage. The second link 405 serves as the input link, and its translational motion drives the entire mechanism to unfold. Finally, the baffles 407 at the ends of all the third links 406 rotate from a vertically retracted state to a nearly horizontal or inclined retracted state, so that every four adjacent baffles 407 together form a protective fence surrounding the detection area. The baffles 407 are made of metal, and the retracted baffles 407 can effectively block metal debris splashing out from inside the cone box.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 9As shown, hydraulic cylinders 101 are installed on both sides of the inner wall of the operating platform 100. Clamping plates 102 are fixedly connected to one side of the output end of each hydraulic cylinder 101. A lifting cylinder 103 is installed on the top of the operating platform 100. A first connecting shell 104 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the output end of the lifting cylinder 103. A first motor 105 is installed on the left side of the first connecting shell 104. A first limiting rod 106 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the first connecting shell 104. A double-acting screw 107 is rotatably connected to the output end of the first motor 105 via a coupling. Two fixing brackets 108 are fitted in the middle of the double-acting screw 107 and the first limiting rod 106. The bottom of each of the two second connecting shells 109 is fixedly connected to a second connecting shell 109. The front of each of the two second connecting shells 109 is provided with a second motor 110. The output end of each of the two second motors 110 is rotatably connected to a lead screw 111 through a coupling. The inner cavity of each of the two second connecting shells 109 is fixedly connected to a second limiting rod 112. The middle part of the second limiting rod 112 and the lead screw 111 is fitted with a U-shaped frame 113. The middle part of the U-shaped frame 113 and the fixed frame 108 are respectively provided with circular slots that are adapted to the bidirectional lead screw 107, the first limiting rod 106, the lead screw 111 and the second limiting rod 112. The second connecting shell 109 is fixedly connected to the corresponding outer shell 201.

[0028] Through the above technical solution, the output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders 101 drive the two side clamps 102 to move closer to the cone box that opens the upper shell and fix them. Then, the output end of the lifting cylinder 103 moves the adaptive buffer detection mechanism 200, the first protection mechanism 300, and the second protection mechanism 400 down to the corresponding position of the gear 211 inside the cone box. At this time, the first motor 105 drives the bidirectional lead screw 107 to rotate. The left-hand and right-hand threaded parts of the bidirectional lead screw 107 drive the two fixing brackets 108 to move towards or away from each other along the first limit rod 106, thereby... The span between the two detection module housings 201 is adjusted to accommodate gears 211 of different sizes. Then, the second motor 110 drives the lead screw 111 to rotate, causing the U-shaped frame 113 to move back and forth along the second limit rod 112. The U-shaped frame 113 is fixedly connected to the housing 201, so the cutting angle of each adaptive buffer detection mechanism 200 relative to the axis of the gear 211 can be finely adjusted to ensure that the array of detection heads 207 can cover the tooth surface at the optimal angle, thereby enabling vibration fault detection of gears 211 at different positions in the cone box.

[0029] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A vibration fault detection device for cone box components, characterized in that, include: Control panel (100); An adaptive buffer detection mechanism (200) is installed inside the operating table (100) to make adaptive buffer contact with the gears inside the cone box, preventing incomplete contact with the gears from causing inaccurate detection results; The first protective mechanism (300) is installed below the adaptive buffer detection mechanism (200) and is used to cool down and protect the gears inside the cone box when the adaptive buffer detection mechanism (200) detects vibration, so as to prevent damage caused by excessive temperature during detection. The second protective mechanism (400) is installed outside the adaptive buffer detection mechanism (200) and is used to provide dust protection when the adaptive buffer detection mechanism (200) detects the vibration of the gears inside the cone box, so as to prevent damage caused by contact with debris inside the cone box during the detection. The adaptive buffer detection mechanism (200) includes two outer shells (201). The inner walls of the two outer shells (201) are provided with movable slots (202) on both sides. The inner cavity of each movable slot (202) is slidably connected with a movable block (203). An inner shell (204) is fixedly connected to one side of each pair of movable blocks (203). Several dampers (205) are provided on the top of the inner cavity of each of the four inner shells (204). A spring (206) is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of each damper (205). A detection head (207) is fixedly sleeved on the inner ring of each spring (206).

2. The vibration fault detection device for cone box components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of each inner shell (204) is provided with several round holes (208) that are adapted to the detection head (207). The two inner shells (204) inside the outer shell (201) are not set on the same horizontal line. The outer walls of the two outer shells (201) are provided with cross-shaped slots (212).

3. The vibration fault detection device for cone box components according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rack (209) is fixedly connected to one side of each pair of inner shells (204). A round rod (210) is rotatably connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the outer shell (201) via a bearing. A gear (211) is fitted on the outer ring of each of the two round rods (210). The two gears (211) are meshed with the corresponding two racks (209).

4. The vibration fault detection device for cone box components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first protective mechanism (300) includes a number of rotating rods (301) that rotate at the bottom of a number of detection heads (207) via bearings. A column (302) is fixedly connected to the bottom of each of the rotating rods (301). A rubber contact head (303) is fixedly connected to the bottom of each column (302). The outer ring of each column (302) is provided with the same square block (304). A fan blade (305) is rotatably connected to the bottom of each square block (304) via a bearing. A heat dissipation ring (306) is fitted around the outer ring of each column (302). A number of heat dissipation fins (308) are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of each heat dissipation ring (306). A hollow groove (309) is opened on one side of each heat dissipation fin (308).

5. The vibration fault detection device for cone box components according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer ring of the heat dissipation ring (306) is provided with a number of flow holes (307), and the position of each of the six flow holes (307) corresponds to the two heat dissipation fins (308) located at the upper and lower ends of the heat dissipation ring (306).

6. The vibration fault detection device for cone box components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer ring of the column (302) is provided with a first helical blade (310) and a second helical blade (311). The helical angle of the first helical blade (310) is greater than that of the second helical blade (311). The inner cavity of the column (302) is provided with a phase change material. The outer ring of the column (302) is coated with a copper material layer.

7. The vibration fault detection device for cone box components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second protective mechanism (400) includes eight L-shaped frames (401) and eight cross-shaped locking blocks (402). Each cross-shaped locking block (402) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped seat (403) on one side. The inner cavities of the L-shaped frames (401) and the U-shaped seats (403) are respectively rotatably connected to two first rods (404) and one second rod (405) through bearings. Each pair of first rods (404) is rotatably connected to the corresponding second rod (405) through bearings. Each pair of first rods (404) is also rotatably connected to the same third rod (406) through bearings. Each pair of third rods (406) is also rotatably connected to an identical third rod (406) through bearings. Each side of the third rod (406) is fixedly connected to a baffle (407).

8. The vibration fault detection device for cone box components according to claim 7, characterized in that: The L-shaped frame (401) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (201), and the cross-shaped card blocks (402) are slidably connected to the outer shell (201) within the cross-shaped card slots (212). The bottom of each pair of corresponding baffles (407) is provided with a slot.

9. The vibration fault detection device for cone box components according to claim 1, characterized in that: Hydraulic cylinders (101) are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the operating table (100). Clamping plates (102) are fixedly connected to one side of the output end of each of the two hydraulic cylinders (101). A lifting cylinder (103) is provided on the top of the operating table (100). A first connecting shell (104) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the output end of the lifting cylinder (103). A first motor (105) is provided on the left side of the first connecting shell (104). A first limiting rod (106) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the first connecting shell (104). A two-way lead screw (107) is rotatably connected to the output end of the first motor (105) through a coupling.

10. A vibration fault detection device for cone box components according to claim 9, characterized in that: Two fixing frames (108) are fitted in the middle of the bidirectional lead screw (107) and the first limiting rod (106). The bottom of each of the two fixing frames (108) is fixedly connected to a second connecting shell (109). The front of each of the two second connecting shells (109) is provided with a second motor (110). The output end of each of the second motors (110) is rotatably connected to a lead screw (111) through a coupling. The inner cavity of each of the two second connecting shells (109) is fixedly connected to a second limiting rod (112). The middle of the second limiting rod (112) and the lead screw (111) is fitted with a U-shaped frame (113). The middle of the U-shaped frame (113) and the fixing frame (108) are respectively provided with circular slots that are adapted to the bidirectional lead screw (107), the first limiting rod (106), the lead screw (111), and the second limiting rod (112). The second connecting shell (109) is fixedly connected to the corresponding outer shell (201).

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