High flame-retardant low-smoke cloth wire

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cables, and discloses a high-flame-retardant low-smoke cloth electric wire, which comprises a cable core and an insulating layer arranged outside the cable core; the insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: polyolefin 60-80 parts, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 10-20 parts, a compatilizer 5-10 parts, a flame-retardant system 10-15 parts, a reinforcing system 4-12 parts and a crosslinking agent 2-4 parts; the flame-retardant system comprises the following components in parts by weight: boehmite 5-10 parts, wollastonite 5-10 parts and phytate 1-4 parts. The technical scheme can solve the problem of insufficient flame retardance of the cloth electric wire in the related art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, specifically to a high flame-retardant, low-smoke fabric wire. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical wiring is widely used in building wiring and electrical equipment connections. Its insulation layer, as a crucial barrier to ensure electrical safety, primarily functions to isolate conductors, prevent leakage, and stop the spread of fire. Currently, most electrical wiring on the market still uses traditional polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulation, with some products using ordinary insulation materials with a single structure, generally exhibiting insufficient flame retardancy. Existing electrical wiring insulation layers either lack sufficient flame retardants or use flame retardants with low flame retardant efficiency. In high-rise buildings, densely populated areas, and other scenarios with high fire safety requirements, this is increasingly difficult to meet practical application needs. Furthermore, combustion easily produces harmful gases and dense smoke, and may produce burning droplets, increasing replacement costs and posing a threat to personal and property safety.

[0003] Some existing technologies attempt to improve this problem by adding and improving the flame retardant formulation, but the existing formulations still have the defect of unstable flame retardant effect. The flame retardant has poor compatibility with the insulating substrate, and excessive addition will lead to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the insulation layer, easy aging and cracking. It is impossible to balance flame retardancy and reliability. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high flame retardant and low smoke cloth wire. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a highly flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire to solve or alleviate at least one of the aforementioned problems.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: This invention proposes a high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire, comprising a cable core and an insulation layer, wherein the insulation layer is disposed outside the cable core; the insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of polyolefin, 10-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-10 parts of compatibilizer, 10-15 parts of flame-retardant system, 4-12 parts of reinforcing system, and 2-4 parts of crosslinking agent; the flame-retardant system comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of boehmite, 5-10 parts of wollastonite, and 1-4 parts of phytate.

[0006] Preferably, the raw material of the insulating layer further includes additives, which include at least two of antioxidants, lubricants, and heat stabilizers.

[0007] Preferably, the additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 to 1.2 parts antioxidant, 0.5 to 1 part lubricant, and 1 to 1.5 parts heat stabilizer.

[0008] Preferably, the phytate includes at least one of calcium phytate, magnesium phytate, zinc phytate, manganese phytate, and nickel phytate.

[0009] More preferably, the phytate is calcium phytate and / or zinc phytate.

[0010] Preferably, the components of the reinforcing system include fibers and carbon black, fibers and silica, or fibers and calcium carbonate.

[0011] Preferably, the fiber includes at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and basalt fiber.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the flame retardant system includes the following steps: stirring and mixing boehmite, wollastonite and phytate to obtain the flame retardant system.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the flame retardant system includes the following steps: immersing boehmite and wollastonite in a solution containing silane compounds, drying and dispersing them to obtain a pretreated material; and mixing the pretreated material with phytate to obtain the flame retardant system.

[0014] Preferably, in the solution of the silane compound, the silane compound is composed of diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane.

[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane to isooctyltrimethoxysilane is 1:4~6.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In this invention, the insulation layer of the building wire uses polyolefin and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as polymer components, compounded with a composite flame-retardant system composed of boehmite, wollastonite, and phytate, which significantly improves the flame-retardant performance of the building wire. In the flame-retardant system, boehmite possesses excellent heat absorption, smoke suppression, and film-forming properties; wollastonite can fill and reinforce, forming a dense heat-insulating protective layer; and phytate dehydrates and carbonizes upon heating, synergistically forming a multi-layered flame-retardant barrier structure. The combination of these three components exerts a synergistic flame-retardant effect, effectively inhibiting the spread of combustion, reducing smoke and toxic emissions, and significantly improving the oxygen index and self-extinguishing ability of the insulation layer. Simultaneously, the flame-retardant components have good compatibility with the polyolefin matrix, with no precipitation or migration issues. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0018] A specific embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire, comprising a cable core and an insulation layer, wherein the insulation layer is disposed outside the cable core; the insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of polyolefin, 10-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-10 parts of compatibilizer, 10-15 parts of flame retardant system, 4-12 parts of reinforcing system, and 2-4 parts of crosslinking agent; the flame retardant system comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of boehmite, 5-10 parts of wollastonite, and 1-4 parts of phytate.

[0019] In this invention, the polyolefin may be, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride, preferably polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride; Compatibilizers include maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefins, such as maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene. Crosslinking agents include peroxide crosslinking agents, such as dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, etc., preferably dicumyl peroxide (DCP). Boehmite has a grain size of 0.1~2.5μm, for example, it can be 0.1μm, 0.5μm, 1μm, 1.5μm, 2μm, 2.5μm; The particle size of wollastonite is 0.5~1.0μm, for example, it can be 0.5μm, 0.6μm, 0.7μm, 0.8μm, 0.9μm, or 1.0μm; Phytates include, but are not limited to, at least one of calcium phytate, magnesium phytate, zinc phytate, manganese phytate, and nickel phytate; preferably calcium phytate and / or zinc phytate.

[0020] The reinforcing system includes fibers and carbon black, fibers and silica, or fibers and calcium carbonate, wherein the fibers include at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and basalt fiber, the length of the fibers is 0.1 to 20 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 1 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, or 20 mm, and the diameter of the fibers is 1 to 50 μm, for example, 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, or 50 μm; In one embodiment of the present invention, the raw material of the insulating layer further includes additives, which may be antioxidants, lubricants, heat stabilizers, etc., wherein the antioxidants include hindered phenolic antioxidants and / or phosphite antioxidants. Hindered phenolic antioxidants can capture free radicals, inhibit the oxidation of the insulating layer, and maintain performance stability. Phosphite antioxidants can synergistically enhance the antioxidant capacity and extend the material life by decomposing hydroperoxides. Hindered phenolic antioxidants may be, for example, antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant 330, antioxidant BHT, etc., and phosphite antioxidants may be, for example, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 626, antioxidant 126, etc. Lubricants that can be selected include stearic acid lubricants, stearate lubricants, fatty acid amide lubricants, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, etc., can improve material flowability, reduce friction and prevent sticking to the wall, improve molding and appearance quality, facilitate demolding, and ensure stable and continuous production. Heat stabilizers include metal soap heat stabilizers, stearate heat stabilizers, calcium-zinc stabilizers, etc. In one embodiment of the present invention, the additives include the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 to 1.2 parts of antioxidant, 0.5 to 1 part of lubricant, and 1 to 1.5 parts of heat stabilizer.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the flame retardant system includes the following steps: stirring and mixing boehmite, wollastonite and phytate to obtain the flame retardant system.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing a flame retardant system includes the following steps: immersing boehmite and wollastonite in a solution containing silane compounds, drying and dispersing them to obtain a pretreated material; and mixing the pretreated material with phytate to obtain a flame retardant system.

[0023] In this invention, the solution containing silane compounds is a mixture of silane compounds and solvents, and the ratio of the total mass of boehmite and wollastonite to the mass of silane compounds is 100:1 to 10, preferably 100:5; the silane compounds are composed of diethylenetriaminopropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane, and the mass ratio of diethylenetriaminopropyltrimethoxysilane to isooctyltrimethoxysilane can be 1:2 to 2:1, preferably 1:4 to 6.

[0024] This invention first uses a silane mixed solution to impregnate boehmite and wollastonite for pretreatment. After drying and dispersion, they are then compounded with phytate to form a flame retardant system. Diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane work synergistically to bond with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of boehmite and wollastonite, optimizing the compatibility and dispersibility of the powder and the substrate, reducing agglomeration, further improving the flame retardant performance of the insulation layer, and also improving the interfacial force of the filler in the matrix, effectively enhancing the overall strength of the insulation layer.

[0025] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire, used to prepare the high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire provided in the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the following steps: After mixing the raw materials of the insulation layer, a mixture is obtained; the mixture is extruded and coated on the outside of the cable core, and cross-linked to obtain a high flame retardant and low smoke cloth wire.

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments and comparative examples. The preferred embodiments of the invention described below can be modified in various ways, and therefore the scope of the invention should not be construed as limited to the preferred embodiments described in detail below. Preferred embodiments are provided to help those skilled in the art to more readily understand the invention.

[0027] The specific information of each raw material used in the following examples and comparative examples is as follows: The polyethylene grade is 2260H; The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is designated as type S700. The model number of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is UE 2806; The grade of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene is PE1040. Boehmite has a grain size of 1 μm; The particle size of wollastonite is 0.5 μm.

[0028] Example 1 High flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire, comprising a cable core and an insulation layer, with the insulation layer located outside the cable core; the insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts polyethylene, 30 parts polyvinyl chloride, 20 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5 parts maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene, 10 parts flame-retardant system, 12 parts reinforcing system, 2 parts crosslinking agent DCP, 0.4 parts antioxidant 1010, 0.5 parts polyethylene wax, and 1 part calcium-zinc stabilizer; the flame-retardant system comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts boehmite, 5 parts wollastonite, and 1 part calcium phytate; the reinforcing system comprises glass fiber and silica in a mass ratio of 1:4; The preparation method of high flame retardant and low smoke electrical wire includes the following steps: Boehmite, wollastonite, and calcium phytate were stirred and mixed to obtain a flame retardant system; After mixing the raw materials of the insulation layer, a mixture is obtained; the mixture is extruded and coated on the outside of the cable core, and cross-linked to obtain a high flame retardant and low smoke cloth wire.

[0029] Example 2 High flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire, comprising a cable core and an insulation layer, with the insulation layer located outside the cable core; the insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts polyethylene, 20 parts polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10 parts maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene, 15 parts flame-retardant system, 4 parts reinforcing system, 4 parts crosslinking agent DCP, 1.2 parts antioxidant 1010, 1 part polyethylene wax, and 1.5 parts calcium-zinc stabilizer; the flame-retardant system comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts boehmite, 10 parts wollastonite, and 1 part calcium phytate; the reinforcing system comprises glass fiber and silica in a mass ratio of 1:4; The preparation method of high flame retardant and low smoke electrical wire includes the following steps: Boehmite, wollastonite, and calcium phytate were stirred and mixed to obtain a flame retardant system; After mixing the raw materials of the insulation layer, a mixture is obtained; the mixture is extruded and coated on the outside of the cable core, and cross-linked to obtain a high flame retardant and low smoke cloth wire.

[0030] Example 3 High flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire, comprising a cable core and an insulation layer, with the insulation layer located outside the cable core; the insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts polyethylene, 40 parts polyvinyl chloride, 15 parts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8 parts maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene, 12 parts flame-retardant system, 10 parts reinforcing system, 3 parts crosslinking agent DCP, 1 part antioxidant 1010, 0.8 parts polyethylene wax, and 1.2 parts calcium-zinc stabilizer; the flame-retardant system comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts boehmite, 8 parts wollastonite, and 4 parts calcium phytate; the reinforcing system comprises glass fiber and silica in a mass ratio of 1:4; The preparation method of high flame retardant and low smoke electrical wire includes the following steps: Boehmite, wollastonite, and calcium phytate were stirred and mixed to obtain a flame retardant system; After mixing the raw materials of the insulation layer, a mixture is obtained; the mixture is extruded and coated on the outside of the cable core, and cross-linked to obtain a high flame retardant and low smoke cloth wire.

[0031] Example 4 In this embodiment, the preparation method of high flame retardant and low smoke electrical wire includes the following steps: Boehmite and wollastonite were immersed in a solution containing silane compounds and reacted at 60°C for 24 hours. After drying and dispersion, a pretreated material was obtained. The pretreated material was then stirred and mixed with calcium phytate to obtain a flame retardant system. The solution containing silane compounds consisted of silane compounds and ethanol in a mass ratio of 1:50. The silane compounds were composed of diethylenetriaminopropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1:4. The total mass ratio of boehmite and wollastonite to the mass ratio of the silane compounds was 100:5. After mixing the raw materials of the insulation layer, a mixture is obtained; the mixture is extruded and wrapped around the cable core, and cross-linked to obtain a high flame retardant and low smoke cloth wire; The rest is the same as in Example 3.

[0032] Example 5 In this embodiment, the silane compound consists of diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1:6, and the rest is the same as in Example 4.

[0033] Example 6 In this embodiment, the silane compound consists of diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 2:1, and the rest is the same as in Example 4.

[0034] Example 7 In this embodiment, the silane compound consists of diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 1:2, and the rest is the same as in Example 4.

[0035] Example 8 In this embodiment, the silane compound consists of diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane and octadecyltrimethoxysilane in a mass ratio of 2:1, and the rest is the same as in Example 4.

[0036] Example 9 In this embodiment, the silane compound is composed of γ-rays in a mass ratio of 2:1. The composition is aminopropyltriethoxysilane and octadecyltrimethoxysilane, and the rest is the same as in Example 4.

[0037] Comparative Example 1 In this comparative example, the flame retardant system includes the following components by weight: 8 parts boehmite, 8 parts wollastonite, and the rest are the same as in Example 3.

[0038] Comparative Example 2 In this comparative example, the flame retardant system includes the following components by weight: 8 parts wollastonite, 4 parts calcium phytate, and the rest are the same as in Example 3.

[0039] Comparative Example 3 In this comparative example, the flame retardant system includes the following components by weight: 8 parts boehmite, 4 parts calcium phytate, and the rest are the same as in Example 3.

[0040] Flame retardant performance tests were conducted on the insulation layers of the high flame retardant and low smoke electrical wires of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3: The oxygen index (diffusion ignition method) was tested according to the method in GB / T 2406.2-2009 "Determination of combustion behavior of plastics by oxygen index method - Part 2: Room temperature test"; the test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0041] Table 1 Flame retardant performance test results

[0042] As can be seen from the test results of flame retardant performance in Table 1, the flame retardant systems in Comparative Examples 1-3 did not simultaneously use boehmite, wollastonite, and phytate, and their oxygen index was lower than that of the flame retardant systems in Examples 1-9 that simultaneously added boehmite, wollastonite, and phytate. This indicates that the combined use of boehmite, wollastonite, and phytate significantly improved the flame retardant performance of the electrical wires. In particular, the oxygen index of boehmite and wollastonite in Examples 4-5, which were modified by diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane, was further improved. This shows that the inorganic flame retardant can further improve the flame retardant performance of the electrical wires after modification by diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane.

[0043] Strength tests were conducted on the insulation layers of the high flame-retardant, low-smoke fabric wires in Examples 3-9: The tensile strength was tested according to the method specified in GB / T 2951.11-2008, and the specimen was a dumbbell specimen (2 mm thick). The test results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0044] Table 2 Strength Test Results

[0045] As can be seen from the strength test results in Table 2, compared with the co-modification treatment of boehmite and wollastonite with diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane in Examples 4-9, the strength of the wire insulation layer was improved, indicating that the two modification treatments also improved the strength of the wire.

[0046] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire, characterized in that, The cable includes a cable core and an insulation layer, wherein the insulation layer is disposed outside the cable core; the insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of polyolefin, 10-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-10 parts of compatibilizer, 10-15 parts of flame retardant system, 4-12 parts of reinforcing system, and 2-4 parts of crosslinking agent; the flame retardant system comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of boehmite, 5-10 parts of wollastonite, and 1-4 parts of phytate.

2. The high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for the insulating layer also include additives, which include at least two of antioxidants, lubricants, and heat stabilizers.

3. The high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire according to claim 2, characterized in that, The additives comprise the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 to 1.2 parts antioxidant, 0.5 to 1 part lubricant, and 1 to 1.5 parts heat stabilizer.

4. The high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phytate includes at least one of calcium phytate, magnesium phytate, zinc phytate, manganese phytate, and nickel phytate. Preferably, the phytate is calcium phytate and / or zinc phytate.

5. The high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The components of the reinforcing system include fibers and carbon black, fibers and silica, or fibers and calcium carbonate.

6. The high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fiber includes at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, and basalt fiber.

7. The high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the flame retardant system includes the following steps: stirring and mixing boehmite, wollastonite and phytate to obtain the flame retardant system.

8. The high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method for preparing the flame retardant system includes the following steps: immersing boehmite and wollastonite in a solution containing silane compounds, drying and dispersing them to obtain a pretreated material; and mixing the pretreated material with phytate to obtain the flame retardant system.

9. The high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the solution of the silane compound, the silane compound is composed of diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane and isooctyltrimethoxysilane.

10. The high flame-retardant, low-smoke electrical wire according to claim 9, characterized in that, The mass ratio of diethylenetriaminepropyltrimethoxysilane to isooctyltrimethoxysilane is 1:4~6.

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