A compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additive for treating adenitis of laying hens and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a traditional Chinese medicine and additive compound preparation for treating gizzarditis of laying hens and application, and relates to the technical field of veterinary drugs. The compound preparation is prepared by mixing a traditional Chinese medicine extract and a functional feed additive. The raw material composition of the traditional Chinese medicine extract comprises torrefied malt, torrefied medicated leaven, radix codonopsis, rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, rhizoma coptidis, andrographis, dried tangerine or orange peel, white arillus, and liquorice. The additive comprises neutral protease, a mould inhibitor and probiotics. The mould inhibitor is selected from aspergillus flavus B1 degrading enzyme, corn strobukenone degrading enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme and vomitoxin degrading enzyme. The probiotics are selected from lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis and fructo-oligosaccharide. The application is based on the traditional Chinese veterinary theory of food digestion and spleen health, dampness expelling and qi regulation, heat clearing and toxin resolving and mucosa repairing. In combination with the effects of the additive on digestion, mould expelling and intestinal micro-ecological regulation, the application has a remarkable treatment effect on gizzarditis of laying hens, can improve the feed intake and weight gain, reduce the gizzard index, promote the repair of gastric mucosa, and has no antibiotic residue and no toxic side effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of veterinary drugs, and in particular to a compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Chicken proventriculitis (also known as proventriculitis) is a digestive tract syndrome caused by multiple factors, characterized by prostate enlargement, flattening or even disappearance of proventricular papillae, and erosion or ulceration of the proventricular mucosa. This disease has a high incidence in poultry farming, including chickens and ducks, and can occur in poultry of all ages, with a peak incidence between 10-30 days of age. It can occur in any season, but the incidence increases significantly during seasonal transitions. It severely affects feed intake, growth performance, and feed conversion ratio, causing significant economic losses to the poultry industry. Affected poultry mainly exhibit symptoms such as decreased appetite, reduced feed intake, stunted growth, emaciation, indigestion, undigested feed in feces, ruffled feathers, and lethargy. Necropsy reveals a spherical prostate enlargement, thickened proventricular walls, edema or even disappearance of proventricular papillae, and thickened, eroded, and ulcerated gizzard stratum corneum.

[0003] Currently, the prevention and treatment of proventriculitis in chickens mainly relies on antibiotics. However, long-term use of antibiotics leads to drug resistance in pathogens, inhibits beneficial microorganisms in animals causing secondary infections, and produces drug residues in eggs and chicken products, ultimately endangering human health through the food chain. With the strict national control over the use of veterinary antibiotics and the increasing demands of consumers for food safety, "antibiotic-free farming" has become an inevitable trend in the development of animal husbandry. Against this backdrop, developing safe, efficient, residue-free, and drug-resistant antibiotic-free products for chicken proventriculitis is of significant practical importance.

[0004] Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as a traditional medicinal resource in my country, has advantages such as fewer side effects, less likelihood of developing drug resistance, and no drug residues. Compared with chemical drugs, TCM does not cause serious damage to organs such as the liver and kidneys of poultry, which is of great significance for ensuring poultry health and food safety. Some studies have already disclosed TCM compositions for treating avian proventriculitis. Currently, the core principles of TCM formulas for treating chicken proventriculitis are "strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi, improving appetite and digestion, clearing heat and drying dampness, and repairing the mucous membrane." The current mainstream TCM veterinary medicine formulas mainly fall into the following categories: Five-Flavor Spleen-Strengthening Mixture / Spleen-Strengthening and Middle-Regulating Mixture, containing ingredients such as Atractylodes macrocephala, Codonopsis pilosula, Shenqu (medicated leaven), Dioscorea opposita, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis, is used for spleen and stomach weakness, low feed intake, and slow growth at all stages, and is suitable for the initial feeding stage or the recovery period after illness. Rhubarb and Three Immortals Powder, containing ingredients such as pomegranate peel, charred rhubarb, stir-fried Shenqu, stir-fried malt, and charred hawthorn, is used for severe gastric mucosal damage, proventricular enlargement, and poor feed intake.

[0005] Among the published patent documents, CN118252892B discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for the prevention and / or treatment of proventriculitis in chickens, its preparation method, and application. The composition includes Sophora flavescens, Pogostemon cablin, Rheum palmatum, Astragalus membranaceus, Crataegus pinnatifida (roasted), and Areca catechu, focusing on clearing heat and drying dampness, strengthening the spleen and improving appetite. It is effective for prevention when used before the onset of the disease. CN105663546A discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating proventriculitis in chickens, including Codonopsis pilosula, Cinnamomum cassia, Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala, chicken gizzard lining, Areca catechu, Montmorillonite, Cuttlebone, Paeonia suffruticosa, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis. It has a strong ability to repair proventricular tissue and is suitable for severe cases. Furthermore, a modified Jianji San (containing Astragalus membranaceus, Codonopsis pilosula, Poria cocos, Atractylodes macrocephala, Citrus reticulata peel, Shenqu (medicated leaven), Malt, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis) targets loss of appetite and decreased immunity; clinical studies have shown it can increase feed intake by more than 15%. Some heat-clearing and detoxifying formulas focus on clearing heat and detoxifying, resolving dampness and strengthening the spleen, and are suitable for chicken flocks with intestinal infections; while warming and repairing formulas focus on warming and nourishing the spleen and stomach, promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling.

[0006] However, existing technologies still suffer from problems such as relatively simple formulations and incomplete efficacy coverage. Some formulations have complex ingredients, making them difficult to produce; most traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compositions focus on single therapeutic effects, and systematic consideration of multiple targets such as strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi, promoting digestion, clearing heat and dampness, repairing mucosa, and regulating intestinal microecology is insufficient, leaving room for improvement in efficacy. Furthermore, most existing products rely solely on TCM alone, lacking coordination with functional feed additives, making it difficult to simultaneously address multiple pathogenic factors such as digestive disorders, mycotoxin damage, and intestinal flora imbalance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a TCM-additive compound preparation product that is rationally formulated, has comprehensive efficacy, is simple to prepare, has significant effects, and fully meets the requirements of antibiotic-free aquaculture. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens and its application, in order to solve the problems in the background art.

[0008] On the one hand, this application provides a compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens, which is composed of extracts of traditional Chinese medicine and functional feed additives. Following the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine, this application selects roasted malt and roasted Shenqu (a type of fermented wheat) to promote digestion and relieve food stagnation, serving as the principal herbs; Codonopsis pilosula, Atractylodes macrocephala, and Poria cocos to invigorate the spleen and replenish qi, enhancing the spleen and stomach's digestive function to support the body's vital energy; Coptis chinensis and Andrographis paniculata to clear heat, dry dampness, purge fire, and detoxify, clearing away damp-heat pathogens, serving as the assistant herbs; Citrus reticulata to regulate qi and relieve bloating, alleviating proventricular distension; Bletilla striata to astringe, stop bleeding, reduce swelling, promote tissue regeneration, and promote ulcer healing, serving as the adjuvant herbs; Glycyrrhiza uralensis to tonify the spleen and replenish qi, harmonize the herbs, and repair the mucous membrane, serving as the guiding herb; the combined effects of these herbs are to promote digestion, invigorate the spleen, clear heat and remove dampness, regulate qi, reduce swelling, and repair the mucous membrane.

[0009] Based on this, this application describes the formulation of functional feed additives. The neutral protease in the additives directly supplements digestive enzymes, promotes the digestion and absorption of protein in the feed, and reduces the digestive burden. Mycotoxin binders (such as aflatoxin B1 degrading enzymes) can fundamentally degrade mycotoxins and eliminate non-infectious causes of proventricular damage. The combined action of probiotics and fructooligosaccharides can regulate the intestinal microecological balance, inhibit harmful bacteria, and enhance intestinal barrier function. Through the combination of traditional Chinese medicine extracts and functional additives, not only is the slow onset of action of single traditional Chinese medicine compensated, but the single-function limitation of single additives is also overcome, achieving rapid treatment, root cause prevention, and comprehensive improvement of bodily functions in proventriculitis.

[0010] Specifically, the herbal extract is made from the following herbal raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts roasted malt, 15-25 parts roasted Shenqu (medicated leaven), 8-12 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 6-10 parts Atractylodes macrocephala, 6-8 parts Poria cocos, 15-25 parts Coptis chinensis, 8-12 parts Andrographis paniculata, 6-10 parts Citrus reticulata peel, 6-10 parts Bletilla striata, and 6-10 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis; the functional feed additive includes neutral protease, mycotoxin binder, and probiotics; the mycotoxin binder is selected from one or more of aflatoxin B1 degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, and vomitoxin degrading enzyme; the probiotics are selected from one or more of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and fructooligosaccharides.

[0011] Preferably, the raw materials of the Chinese herbal extract are in the following weight parts: 18-22 parts of roasted malt, 18-22 parts of roasted Shenqu (medicated leaven), 9-11 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 7-9 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 6-8 parts of Poria cocos, 8-12 parts of Coptis chinensis, 9-11 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 7-9 parts of Citrus reticulata peel, 7-9 parts of Bletilla striata, and 6-10 parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

[0012] Preferably, the weight parts of each component in the functional feed additive are: 4-6 parts of neutral protease, 0.5-2 parts of mycotoxin binder, and 4-6 parts of probiotics.

[0013] As a further preferred technical solution, the neutral protease has an enzyme activity of not less than 1000 U / g; the mycotoxin binder has an enzyme activity of not less than 1000 U / g; and the probiotics have a total viable count ≥ 1 × 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g; This ensures the biological activity of the additive components and guarantees the product's effectiveness.

[0014] In one preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the herbal extract to the functional feed additive is as follows: 20 parts roasted malt, 20 parts roasted Shenqu (medicated leaven), 10 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 8 parts Atractylodes macrocephala, 6 parts Poria cocos, 15 parts Coptis chinensis, 10 parts Andrographis paniculata, 8 parts Citrus reticulata peel, 8 parts Bletilla striata, 8 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis, 5 parts neutral protease, 1 part mycotoxin binder, and 5 parts probiotics. Experimental verification shows that the compound preparation with this ratio has the most significant therapeutic effect.

[0015] Preferably, for ease of use in aquaculture production, the dosage form of the compound preparation is any one of powder, granules, or soluble powder.

[0016] On the other hand, this application also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens. This method is simple and suitable for industrial production, and specifically includes the following steps: S1. Weigh out the following ingredients by weight: roasted malt, roasted Shenqu (medicated leaven), Codonopsis pilosula, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, Coptis chinensis, Andrographis paniculata, Citrus reticulata peel, Bletilla striata, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Add water and decoct 1-3 times. Combine the decoctions, filter, concentrate, and obtain a clear extract of Chinese medicine. Then spray dry and pulverize to obtain a dry powder of Chinese medicine extract. S2. Mix the neutral protease, mycotoxin binder and probiotics with the carrier evenly, and sieve to obtain the additive premix. S3. Mix the dried powder of the Chinese herbal extract obtained in step S1 with the additive premix obtained in step S2 at a predetermined weight ratio to obtain the compound preparation.

[0017] Preferably, in step S1, in order to maximize the extraction of the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine and remove impurities, the classic process of water extraction and alcohol precipitation is adopted. Specifically, the water volume is 6-8 times the weight of the raw Chinese medicine, soaking for 1 hour, decocting three times, 3 hours each time, combining the decoctions, filtering, and concentrating the filtrate to a relative density of 1.1-1.2 (measured at 60℃), cooling to room temperature, adding 65% ethanol, the amount of ethanol being 2.5-3 times the weight of the filtrate, letting stand overnight, filtering, recovering the ethanol in the filtrate, and concentrating to a relative density of 1.12-1.18 (measured at 60℃) to obtain the clear extract of traditional Chinese medicine. This process can effectively extract active components such as alkaloids, polysaccharides, and flavonoids, and can also remove impurities such as proteins and mucilage through alcohol precipitation, thereby improving the purity and stability of the preparation.

[0018] Furthermore, this application also provides the application of the aforementioned compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives in the preparation of drugs or feed additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens.

[0019] Preferably, the application method is mixed administration, specifically: 100g of the compound preparation is dissolved in 100 liters of water and given to laying hens for free drinking, for 5-7 consecutive days; this method and dosage have been optimized through clinical trials, which can ensure efficacy and is easy to operate.

[0020] As a further preferred technical solution, the application can significantly improve several core indicators related to proventriculitis in laying hens, specifically including: increasing average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake, reducing feed conversion ratio, reducing proventriculitis index, increasing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) content in proventriculitis tissue, and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The improvement of the above indicators confirms the effectiveness of this application from multiple dimensions such as growth promotion, organ repair, and anti-oxidative stress.

[0021] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application is based on the traditional Chinese veterinary medicine theory of "promoting digestion and strengthening the spleen, removing dampness and regulating qi, clearing heat and detoxifying, and repairing mucous membranes". It rationally combines digestive and stagnation-relieving drugs such as roasted malt and roasted Shenqu with spleen-strengthening and qi-tonifying drugs such as Codonopsis pilosula and Atractylodes macrocephala, and heat-clearing and dampness-drying drugs such as Coptis chinensis and Andrographis paniculata. At the same time, it introduces neutral protease, mycotoxin binder and probiotics as functional feed additives to form a compound system combining traditional Chinese medicine and additives. This compound preparation regulates the spleen and stomach function of laying hens from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine. It also promotes the decomposition of feed protein through exogenous digestive enzymes, degrades various mycotoxins through mycotoxin binders, and regulates the intestinal microecological balance through probiotics, achieving comprehensive intervention with multiple targets and mechanisms. In addition, the product of this application does not contain any antibiotics or chemically synthesized drug components, has no drug residues, no drug resistance, and no toxic side effects. It fully complies with the national antibiotic-free farming policy and green food safety requirements and can be safely used during the laying period of laying hens and before the slaughter of broilers.

[0022] 2. The product of this application has a definite therapeutic and preventive effect on proventriculitis in laying hens. Through the combined action of traditional Chinese medicine extracts and functional feed additives, it can significantly improve clinical symptoms such as loss of appetite, decreased feed intake, indigestion, and undigested feed in sick chickens, and promote weight recovery and growth. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the proventriculitis index, reduce inflammatory cell infiltration of the proventriculitis mucosa, repair damaged proventriculitis mucosal tissue, and increase the activity of gastric mucosal protective factors prostaglandin E2 and antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, thereby fully restoring the normal structure and function of the proventriculitis. Clinical trials have shown that the product of this application has excellent therapeutic effects on both naturally occurring disease flocks and artificially modeled flocks, with a high cure rate and rapid onset of action. It can significantly reduce mortality and improve flock uniformity. Its overall efficacy is superior to similar products on the market.

[0023] 3. The preparation method of the product in this application is simple and convenient, employing conventional water extraction and alcohol precipitation, spray drying, and mixing granulation technologies. It requires minimal equipment and has low production costs, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production and promotion. Furthermore, the product is flexible in its use; it can be mixed with drinking water or added to feed. It can be used as a therapeutic agent for emergency treatment of sick chickens or as a preventative feed additive for long-term or periodic application, realizing the breeding philosophy of "prevention over treatment, combining prevention and treatment." The promotion and application of this product can effectively reduce the incidence of proventriculitis in laying hens, reduce the use of antibiotics, lower breeding costs, and improve the quality and safety of meat and egg products, resulting in significant economic, social, and ecological benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of the compound formulation of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0026] Example 1: Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Extracts (Preferred Ratio) Weigh each of the following Chinese herbal components by weight: 20 parts roasted malt, 20 parts roasted Shenqu (medicated leaven), 10 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 8 parts Atractylodes macrocephala, 6 parts Poria cocos, 15 parts Coptis chinensis, 10 parts Andrographis paniculata, 8 parts Citrus reticulata peel, 8 parts Bletilla striata, and 8 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

[0027] Wash, dry, and pulverize all the above raw materials, then mix them evenly to obtain a coarse powder of traditional Chinese medicine. Add water equal to 7 times the weight of the coarse powder and soak for 1 hour. Decoction three times, 3 hours each time, and combine the decoctions. Filter, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure at 60℃ to a relative density of 1.1-1.2, then cool to room temperature for later use. Add 65% ethanol (2.8 times the weight of the filtrate) to the concentrated filtrate, let stand overnight, and then filter. Recover the ethanol from the filtrate and concentrate it to a relative density of 1.12-1.18 to obtain a clear extract of traditional Chinese medicine. Spray dry the clear extract of traditional Chinese medicine, pulverize it, and obtain a dry powder of the traditional Chinese medicine extract.

[0028] Example 2: Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Extracts (Lower Limit) Weigh each of the following Chinese herbal components by weight: 15 parts roasted malt, 15 parts roasted Shenqu (medicated leaven), 8 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 6 parts Atractylodes macrocephala, 6 parts Poria cocos, 15 parts Coptis chinensis, 8 parts Andrographis paniculata, 6 parts Citrus reticulata peel, 6 parts Bletilla striata, and 6 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

[0029] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0030] Example 3: Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Extracts (Upper Range) Weigh each of the following Chinese herbal components by weight: 25 parts roasted malt, 25 parts roasted Shenqu (fermented wheat bran), 12 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 10 parts Atractylodes macrocephala, 8 parts Poria cocos, 25 parts Coptis chinensis, 12 parts Andrographis paniculata, 10 parts Citrus reticulata peel, 10 parts Bletilla striata, and 10 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

[0031] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0032] Example 4: Preparation of Functional Feed Additive Premix Weigh the following components by weight: 5 parts neutral protease, 1 part mycotoxin binder, and 5 parts probiotics. The neutral protease has an enzyme activity of 1200 U / g; the mycotoxin binder is a mixture of aflatoxin B1 degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, and vomitoxin degrading enzyme, with a total enzyme activity of not less than 1000 U / g; the probiotics are a mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and fructooligosaccharides, with a total viable count ≥1×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

[0033] The above components and carrier (starch) are thoroughly mixed in a mixer and passed through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the additive premix.

[0034] Example 5: Preparation of compound preparation (soluble powder) The dried powder of the traditional Chinese medicine extract obtained in Example 1 and the premixed additive obtained in Example 4 were added to a mixer at a weight ratio (the ratio of the total amount of the dried powder of the traditional Chinese medicine extract to the total amount of the premixed additive, corresponding to the raw material ratio) and mixed for 30 minutes to ensure that the coefficient of variation of uniformity was ≤5%. After passing the inspection, the mixture was quantitatively packaged at 100g / bag to obtain the soluble powder of the compound product.

[0035] Example 6: Preparation of compound preparations (granules) The soluble powder obtained in Example 5 was granulated using a granulator, sieved, and packaged to obtain granules.

[0036] Pharmacodynamic trials Experimental Example 1: Animal Experiment 1. Experimental animals and grouping 120 chickens aged 30 days with similar weights (approximately 580±50g) and clinically diagnosed with proventriculitis were randomly divided into 4 groups of 30 chickens each: Blank control group: No treatment drugs were given; Low-dose group: 100g of the compound preparation (prepared according to Example 5) was dissolved in 200kg of water (i.e., 400 catties of water) and mixed for drinking; Medium-dose group: Dissolve 100g of the compound preparation in 150kg of water (i.e., 300 catties of water) and drink the mixture. High-dose group: Dissolve 100g of the compound preparation in 100kg of water (i.e., 200 jin of water) and drink the mixture.

[0037] Another 30 healthy chickens were set up as a healthy control group (no disease, no medication).

[0038] Except for the blank control group, all groups were given the drug for 7 consecutive days; during the experiment, all groups had free access to the basal diet and water.

[0039] 2. Detection indicators (1) Clinical symptom observation: Observe the mental state, feeding status, and fecal characteristics of each group of sick chickens every day.

[0040] (2) Weight change: The weight of each group of chickens was measured before administration (day 0) and after administration (day 7), and the average weight gain was calculated.

[0041] (3) Histopathological examination of proventriculus: After the experiment, 5 chickens were randomly selected from each group and euthanized. Proventriculus tissue was taken for HE staining, pathological changes of proventriculus mucosa were observed, and proventriculus index (proventriculus weight / body weight × 100%) was calculated.

[0042] (4) Overall effectiveness assessment: Based on clinical symptoms and pathological examination results, the criteria for judgment are the restoration of normal mental and appetite, formed stool, and basic repair of proventricular mucosa.

[0043] 3. Test Results (1) Improvement of clinical symptoms: Starting from the second day after administration, the mental state of the chickens in the low, medium and high dose groups improved significantly, and their feeding and activity increased. On the fifth day after administration, most of the chickens in the medium and high dose groups had their appetite return to normal, their feces became formed, and their feather luster improved. The symptoms of the chickens in the blank control group continued to worsen.

[0044] (2) Weight changes (day 7): The average weight of the blank control group was 618.2±45.6g, which was about 38g greater than before drug administration. Low-dose group: The average body weight was 685.5 ± 38.2 g, an increase of approximately 105 g compared to before administration; Medium-dose group: The average body weight was 732.6±40.1g, an increase of about 152g compared with before administration; High-dose group: The average body weight was 741.8±42.3g, an increase of about 161g compared with before administration; Healthy control group: average weight 785.3±35.7g.

[0045] The differences between the medium- and high-dose groups and the blank control group were extremely significant (P<0.01).

[0046] (3) Glandular stomach index and pathological changes: Blank control group: proventriculus index was 0.85±0.12%, proventriculus was significantly swollen, and a large number of inflammatory cells were visible in the mucosal layer; In the medium-dose group: the proventriculus index was 0.56±0.08%, and the prostatectomy was significantly reduced; High-dose group: proventriculus index was 0.52±0.07%, and proventriculus basically returned to normal morphology; Healthy control group: proventriculus index was 0.48±0.05%.

[0047] (4) Overall efficacy: 83.3% (25 / 30) in the low-dose group, 93.3% (28 / 30) in the medium-dose group, 96.7% (29 / 30) in the high-dose group, and 6.7% (2 / 30) in the blank control group; the efficacy of the medium- and high-dose groups was significantly higher than that of the low-dose group, and there was no significant difference between the medium-dose group and the high-dose group.

[0048] Case Study 2: Clinical Trial (LPS Induction Model) 1. Experimental Design Three hundred one-day-old SPF chicks were randomly divided into six groups of 50 chicks each: a blank control group (normal feeding), a model control group (LPS modeling without administration), a positive drug group (modeling, administered a commercially available compound Chinese medicine granule at the recommended dosage), a low-dose group (modeling, 100g of the compound preparation dissolved in 200kg of water), a medium-dose group (modeling, 100g of the compound preparation dissolved in 150kg of water), and a high-dose group (modeling, 100g of the compound preparation dissolved in 100kg of water). Except for the blank control group, all other groups were given lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2mg / kg body weight) via gavage to establish a proventriculitis model at 5 days of age. All treatment groups received the drug via drinking water for 5 consecutive days starting at 5 days of age, while the blank control group and the model control group received the same amount of drinking water. Observation continued until 14 days of age.

[0049] 2. Detection indicators The average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio of each group were recorded. At 14 days of age, 10 animals from each group were randomly dissected to measure the proventriculus index. Proventriculus tissue was taken for HE staining to observe pathological changes and to detect the PGE2 and SOD content in the proventriculus tissue.

[0050] 3. Test Results The results are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Table 1 Comparison of experimental results for each group: Note: Compared with the model control group, P<0.05; compared with the positive drug group, the medium and high dose groups P<0.05.

[0052] Pathological and histological observations showed that in the model control group, the epithelial cells of the proventricular mucosa underwent degeneration and necrosis, and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated the lamina propria. In the medium-dose and high-dose groups, the proventricular mucosa structure was basically intact, with only mild inflammatory cell infiltration, and the mucosal repair was better than that of the positive drug group.

[0053] Experimental Example 3: Field Trial Two thousand AA broilers, aged 21 days and naturally developing proventriculitis, were selected from a broiler farm. Clinical manifestations included decreased appetite, emaciation, and "feed-like" stools. Necropsy revealed bulbous swelling of the proventriculus and papillary hemorrhage. The chickens were randomly divided into two groups of 1000 each: the experimental group received the compound preparation prepared in Example 5 of this application, with 100g dissolved in 150kg of water (300 catties of water) in drinking water; the control group received a commercially available traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid according to the instructions.

[0054] Results: In the experimental group, feed intake recovered to 92% of normal after 3 days of treatment, and returned to normal after 5 days, with a cure rate of 97.8% (978 / 1000) and a mortality rate of 1.2% (12 / 1000). In the control group, the cure rate was 87.5% (875 / 1000) and the mortality rate was 2.8% (28 / 1000). The feed conversion ratio in the experimental group was 1.52 7 days after treatment, which was significantly better than the 1.67 in the control group.

[0055] Typical Cases Case 1: A large-scale broiler farm with 5,000 white-feathered broilers exhibited symptoms such as decreased feed intake, lethargy, loose and watery feces containing undigested feed, and poor flock uniformity at 30 days of age. Necropsy revealed proventriculitis. The compound preparation prepared in Example 5 of this application (100g per 150kg of water) was immediately added to the drinking water for 7 consecutive days. After 3 days of treatment, the flock's appetite and energy began to recover, and the feces gradually became formed; after 7 days of treatment, feed intake returned to normal levels, and the mortality rate decreased from 5% before treatment to 1.5%.

[0056] Case 2: In a laying hen brooding farm, 6,000 45-day-old pullets exhibited symptoms such as stunted growth, poor feed intake, and severe feed waste. They were diagnosed with proventriculitis. Granules prepared according to Example 6 of this application (100g per 150kg of water) were administered for 5 consecutive days. On the 3rd day after administration, feed intake significantly increased, and feed waste decreased significantly. On the 7th day after administration, flock uniformity improved significantly, and the mortality rate decreased from 5% before administration to 0.8%.

[0057] Industrial applicability The traditional Chinese medicine and additive compound preparation and its preparation method provided in this application have widely available and inexpensive raw materials, and the preparation process is simple, convenient, and easy to implement for industrial-scale production. The product can be widely used in the prevention and treatment of proventriculitis in poultry such as laying hens and broilers. It is safe and residue-free, conforms to the national policy of antibiotic-free farming, and has good economic and social benefits.

[0058] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens, characterized in that, It is a mixture of traditional Chinese medicine extracts and functional feed additives; The herbal extract is made from the following herbal raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts roasted malt, 15-25 parts roasted Shenqu (medicated leaven), 8-12 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 6-10 parts Atractylodes macrocephala, 6-8 parts Poria cocos, 15-25 parts Coptis chinensis, 8-12 parts Andrographis paniculata, 6-10 parts Citrus reticulata peel, 6-10 parts Bletilla striata, and 6-10 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis. The functional feed additives include neutral proteases, mycotoxin binders, and probiotics; The mycotoxin binder is selected from one or more of aflatoxin B1 degrading enzyme, zearalenone degrading enzyme, fumonisin degrading enzyme, and vomitoxin degrading enzyme; The probiotics are selected from one or more of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and fructooligosaccharides.

2. The compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials of the Chinese herbal extract are in the following weight parts: 18-22 parts of roasted malt, 18-22 parts of roasted Shenqu (medicated leaven), 9-11 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 7-9 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 6-8 parts of Poria cocos, 8-12 parts of Coptis chinensis, 9-11 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 7-9 parts of Citrus reticulata peel, 7-9 parts of Bletilla striata, and 6-10 parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

3. The compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight parts of each component in the functional feed additive are: 4-6 parts of neutral protease, 0.5-2 parts of mycotoxin binder, and 4-6 parts of probiotics.

4. The compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The neutral protease has an enzyme activity of not less than 1000 U / g; the mycotoxin binder has an enzyme activity of not less than 1000 U / g; and the probiotics have a total viable count ≥ 1 × 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

5. The compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the Chinese herbal extract to the functional feed additive is as follows: 20 parts roasted malt, 20 parts roasted Shenqu (fermented wheat bran), 10 parts Codonopsis pilosula, 8 parts Atractylodes macrocephala, 6 parts Poria cocos, 15 parts Coptis chinensis, 10 parts Andrographis paniculata, 8 parts dried tangerine peel, 8 parts Bletilla striata, 8 parts licorice, 5 parts neutral protease, 1 part mycotoxin binder, and 5 parts probiotics.

6. The compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dosage form of the compound preparation is any one of powder, granules or soluble powder.

7. A method for preparing a compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Weigh out the following ingredients by weight: roasted malt, roasted Shenqu (medicated leaven), Codonopsis pilosula, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, Coptis chinensis, Andrographis paniculata, Citrus reticulata peel, Bletilla striata, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Add water and decoct 1-3 times. Combine the decoctions, filter, concentrate, and obtain a clear extract of Chinese medicine. Then spray dry and pulverize to obtain a dry powder of Chinese medicine extract. S2. Mix the neutral protease, mycotoxin binder and probiotics with the carrier evenly, and sieve to obtain the additive premix. S3. Mix the dried powder of the Chinese herbal extract obtained in step S1 with the additive premix obtained in step S2 at a predetermined weight ratio to obtain the compound preparation.

8. The method for preparing the compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S1, add water at a rate of 6-8 times the weight of the Chinese herbal raw materials, soak for 1 hour, decoct three times for 3 hours each time, combine the decoctions, filter, concentrate the filtrate to a relative density of 1.1-1.2, cool to room temperature, add 65% ethanol at a rate of 2.5-3 times the weight of the filtrate, let stand overnight, filter, recover the ethanol from the filtrate and concentrate to a relative density of 1.12-1.18 to obtain the Chinese herbal extract.

9. The application of the compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the preparation of drugs or feed additives for treating proventriculitis in laying hens, characterized in that, The compound preparation is administered via drinking water. Each 100g of the compound preparation is dissolved in 100 liters of water and given to laying hens for free drinking, for 5-7 consecutive days.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The compound preparation is used to improve one or more of the following indicators related to proventriculitis in laying hens: increasing average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake, reducing feed conversion ratio, reducing proventriculitis index, increasing prostaglandin E2 content in proventriculitis tissue, and increasing superoxide dismutase activity.

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