A new energy automobile battery automatic fire extinguishing system based on partition management
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610632506.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
Smart Images
Figure CN122441028A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing for new energy vehicle batteries, and more specifically, to an automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zoned management. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, some new energy vehicles have begun to equip themselves with onboard automatic fire suppression systems to address fires caused by thermal runaway of lithium batteries. Upon detecting abnormal temperatures or smoke in the battery area, these systems use fixed nozzles positioned above the vehicle chassis to spray fire extinguishing agents onto the entire battery compartment or battery pack.
[0003] A common approach is to install one or more fire extinguishing agent storage cylinders around the battery pack or in the engine compartment. When a fire sensor is triggered, the fire extinguishing agent is delivered through pipes to multiple nozzles, spraying the entire battery compartment area simultaneously.
[0004] Because lithium batteries in new energy vehicles are usually densely arranged in the form of modules or battery packs within the vehicle chassis, when a localized battery cell experiences thermal runaway, this overall spray extinguishing agent mode will indiscriminately cover the entire battery compartment or the entire battery pack shell with the extinguishing agent. As a result, the actual fire site usually occupies only a small portion of the total area of the battery compartment, while other extinguishing agents are sprayed onto unburned battery areas or structural components, failing to directly act on the core area of the fire source. This reduces the mass or volume of extinguishing agent reaching the fire site per unit time, making it difficult to effectively suppress the flames and block the spread of thermal runaway, leading to fire extinguishing failure or the fire spreading. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management. This system can concentrate all extinguishing agents on the fire area, significantly increasing the concentration and intensity of extinguishing agents per unit area, and greatly improving fire extinguishing efficiency.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zoned management, including a fire extinguishing agent supply unit, multiple isolated battery zones, fire detectors and fire extinguishers correspondingly installed inside the battery zones, and the fire extinguishers and the fire extinguishing agent supply unit are connected through fire extinguishing agent pipelines, and the fire extinguishing agent supply unit provides fire extinguishing agent to the fire extinguishers through fire extinguishing agent pipelines. The fire detector and the fire extinguisher are electrically connected. The fire detector is used to detect fires in the battery area, and the fire extinguisher is used to spray extinguishing agent into the battery area.
[0007] Preferably, multiple isolated battery zones are isolated from each other by a thermally insulated firewall.
[0008] Preferably, the heat-insulated firewall includes a metal shell and an insulation layer filled within the metal shell, the insulation layer being composed of one or more composites of mica board, ceramic fiber paper, and aerogel board.
[0009] Preferably, the insulating firewall is also encapsulated with functional additives. When the firewall is burned through, the functional additives are released into the fire zone to neutralize the acidic gases generated during fire suppression, adhere to the battery plates to reduce the rate of chemical reaction, and inhibit the combustion of the electrolyte pool fire.
[0010] Preferably, a fusible seal is installed in the extinguishing agent pipeline to control whether the fire extinguisher sprays the extinguishing agent.
[0011] Preferably, the fusible seal includes a fusible plug and an electrothermal actuator wound around the outside of the fusible plug, wherein the fusible plug is configured to have a low melting point and be easily melted.
[0012] Preferably, the fire extinguishing agent supply unit is installed at the lower end of the center armrest box in the vehicle cabin, and the fire extinguishing agent supply unit is connected to the fire extinguishing agent pipelines of multiple battery areas through a fire extinguishing agent guide ring.
[0013] Preferably, the extinguishing agent supply unit includes at least two independent extinguishing agent cylinders, and multiple extinguishing agent cylinders are activated sequentially.
[0014] Preferably, there is a time difference between the opening times of two adjacent fire extinguishing agent cylinders.
[0015] Preferably, the system also includes an alarm indicator light installed in the cockpit, which emits an audible and visual alarm signal when the flame detector detects a fire signal.
[0016] According to the above technical solution, to prevent the thermal runaway of a single battery module from spreading to the entire battery pack, the automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management adopts the concept of zone management, physically dividing the battery compartment into multiple isolated battery zones. Each battery zone is independently equipped with a set of fire detectors and a set of fire extinguishers.
[0017] The extinguishing agent supply unit provides extinguishing agent to the fire extinguishers through extinguishing agent pipelines. The fire detectors and fire extinguishers are electrically connected; that is, the signal output by the fire detector can control the activation of the fire extinguisher via an intermediate controller or a control system. The fire detectors are used to detect fire conditions within their designated battery area, including abnormal temperature increases, the presence of smoke or flame ions, and other characteristics. When a fire detector detects a fire, it triggers the fire extinguisher to spray extinguishing agent into the battery area, thereby achieving precise fire suppression within a designated zone.
[0018] Preferably, a set of fire extinguishers includes multiple fire extinguishers, and the extinguishing agents sprayed by the multiple fire extinguishers can cover the entire battery area. Through the coordinated spraying of multiple fire extinguishers, it is ensured that no matter where a fire occurs in the battery area, it can be covered by the effective spray range of at least one fire extinguisher, thereby achieving a reliable fire extinguishing effect.
[0019] Preferably, the flame detector includes at least one of a temperature detector, a flame ionization detector, and a smoke detector. In a preferred embodiment, each battery compartment is equipped with three sensors simultaneously: a temperature detector, a flame ionization detector, and a smoke detector, forming a redundant detection network. The temperature detector monitors the surface temperature of the battery module or the ambient temperature, issuing an early warning signal when the temperature exceeds a set threshold. The flame ionization detector utilizes the conductive properties of ionized gases in a flame to quickly identify open flames. The smoke detector detects solid or liquid aerosol particles produced by combustion. The three sensors work together to effectively reduce the false alarm rate and can issue alarm signals promptly in the early stages of a fire.
[0020] The fire extinguisher nozzle is fixed to the side wall or top of the battery area, ensuring the spray direction is directly towards the battery modules. The fire detector is connected to the vehicle control system or a dedicated fire suppression control system via a signal line, and the control system then activates the fire extinguisher.
[0021] In one embodiment, when a fire detector in any battery zone is triggered, the controller identifies the zone number, then opens the outlet valve corresponding to the extinguishing agent supply unit, and simultaneously puts the fire extinguisher in the zone into a ready-to-discharge state. The extinguishing agent is delivered to the fire extinguisher through the extinguishing agent pipeline and released by the nozzle.
[0022] By setting up multiple isolated battery zones and configuring independent fire detectors and extinguishers for each zone, independent monitoring and targeted fire suppression can be achieved in different areas within the battery compartment. When thermal runaway occurs in a battery zone, only the fire extinguishers in that zone activate, while those in other zones remain closed, thus avoiding the waste of extinguishing agent caused by simultaneous spraying. Compared to existing technologies that use simultaneous spraying with all nozzles, this system concentrates all extinguishing agent on the fire area, significantly increasing the extinguishing agent concentration and spray intensity per unit area, and greatly enhancing fire suppression efficiency.
[0023] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description
[0024] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of an automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulated firewall.
[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1 Battery area; 2 Fire detector; 3 Fire extinguisher; 41 Extinguishing agent piping; 5 Thermal insulation firewall; 51 Metal casing; 52 Insulation layer; 53 Silica nanoparticles; 54 Dimethyl methylphosphonate; 6 Fusible seal; 7 Alarm indicator light; 8 Signal line; 42 Extinguishing agent supply unit; 43 Extinguishing agent guide ring Detailed Implementation The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms included in the terminology represent only the orientation of the term in its normal use or as commonly understood by those skilled in the art, and should not be regarded as a limitation on the term.
[0027] See Figure 1 An automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zoned management includes a fire extinguishing agent supply unit 42, multiple isolated battery zones 1, fire detectors 2 and fire extinguishers 3 correspondingly installed inside the battery zones 1. The fire extinguishers 3 are connected to the fire extinguishing agent supply unit 42 through a fire extinguishing agent pipeline 41, and the fire extinguishing agent supply unit 42 provides fire extinguishing agent to the fire extinguishers 3 through the fire extinguishing agent pipeline 41. Fire detector 2 and fire extinguisher 3 are electrically connected. Fire detector 2 is used to detect fire in battery area 1, and fire extinguisher 3 is used to spray extinguishing agent into battery area 1.
[0028] Through the implementation of the above technical solution, the power battery of new energy vehicles is usually arranged in the battery compartment of the vehicle chassis. In order to prevent the thermal runaway of a single battery module from spreading to the entire battery pack, the automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management adopts the concept of zone management, physically dividing the battery compartment into multiple mutually isolated battery zones 1. Each battery zone 1 is independently equipped with a set of fire detectors 2 and a set of fire extinguishers 3.
[0029] The extinguishing agent supply unit 42 supplies extinguishing agent to the fire extinguisher 3 through the extinguishing agent pipeline 41. The fire detector 2 and the fire extinguisher 3 are electrically connected; that is, the signal output by the fire detector 2 can control the activation of the fire extinguisher 3 through an intermediate controller or a control system. The fire detector 2 is used to detect the fire situation within its battery area 1, including abnormal temperature increases, the presence of smoke or flame ions, and other characteristics. When the fire detector 2 detects a fire, it triggers the fire extinguisher 3 to spray extinguishing agent into the battery area 1, thereby achieving precise fire suppression within the designated zone.
[0030] Preferably, a set of fire extinguishers 3 includes multiple fire extinguishers 3, and the extinguishing agent sprayed by the multiple fire extinguishers 3 can cover the entire battery area 1. Through the coordinated spraying of multiple fire extinguishers 3, it is ensured that no matter where a fire occurs in the battery area 1, it can be covered by the effective spray range of at least one fire extinguisher 3, thereby achieving a reliable fire extinguishing effect.
[0031] Preferably, the flame detector 2 includes at least one of a temperature detector, a flame ionization detector, and a smoke detector. In a preferred embodiment, each battery area 1 is equipped with three sensors simultaneously: a temperature detector, a flame ionization detector, and a smoke detector, forming a redundant detection network. The temperature detector monitors the surface temperature of the battery module or the ambient temperature, and issues an early warning signal when the temperature exceeds a set threshold. The flame ionization detector utilizes the conductive properties of ionized gases in a flame to quickly identify open flames. The smoke detector detects solid or liquid aerosol particles produced by combustion. The three sensors work together to effectively reduce the false alarm rate and can issue alarm signals in a timely manner in the early stages of a fire.
[0032] The nozzle of fire extinguisher 3 is fixed to the side wall or top of battery area 1, ensuring that the spray direction is directly towards the battery module. Fire detector 2 is connected to the vehicle control system or a dedicated fire extinguishing control system via signal line 8, and the control system then controls the activation of fire extinguisher 3.
[0033] In one embodiment, when a fire detector 2 in any battery zone 1 is triggered, the controller identifies the zone number and then opens the outlet valve corresponding to the extinguishing agent supply unit 42, while simultaneously putting the fire extinguisher 3 in the zone into a ready-to-discharge state. The extinguishing agent is delivered to the fire extinguisher 3 through the extinguishing agent pipeline 41 and released from the nozzle.
[0034] By setting up multiple isolated battery zones 1 and configuring corresponding independent fire detectors 2 and fire extinguishers 3, independent monitoring and targeted fire suppression can be achieved for different areas within the battery compartment. When thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery zone 1, only the fire extinguishers 3 in that zone are activated, while the fire extinguishers 3 in other zones remain closed, thus avoiding the waste of extinguishing agent caused by overall spraying. Compared with the existing overall spraying scheme where all nozzles are activated simultaneously, this system can concentrate all extinguishing agent on the fire area, significantly increasing the extinguishing agent concentration and spray intensity per unit area, and greatly improving fire suppression efficiency.
[0035] In this embodiment, preferably, the multiple isolated battery areas 1 are isolated from each other by an insulating firewall 5.
[0036] Multiple thermally insulated firewalls 5 are arranged horizontally and vertically within the battery compartment. In one embodiment, the battery compartment is divided into four zones by two intersecting thermally insulated firewalls 5. The height of each thermally insulated firewall 5 matches the height of the battery module, extending to the top cover of the battery compartment at the top and tightly fitting the bottom plate of the chassis at the bottom. Both sides are sealed to the side walls of the battery compartment. The thermally insulated firewalls 5 can be fixed inside the battery compartment by welding, bolting, or slot installation. A certain gap is left between the firewall and the battery module to avoid direct contact that could lead to localized overheating. Furthermore, high-temperature resistant sealing strips can be installed at the edges of the thermally insulated firewalls 5 to prevent hot airflow from bypassing the firewalls.
[0037] The thermally insulating firewall 5 ensures that each battery zone 1 is thermally independent. When a battery in a certain battery zone 1 experiences thermal runaway and generates a high-temperature jet, the thermally insulating firewall 5 can reflect or absorb most of the heat, significantly slowing down the rate at which heat is transferred to adjacent areas. According to experimental tests, the thermally insulating firewall 5 designed in this way can reduce the propagation speed of thermal runaway by more than 80%. This physical isolation method effectively prevents the domino effect of thermal runaway. A fire in a single battery module will not quickly ignite batteries in adjacent battery zones 1, thus providing a longer response time for the fire suppression system and reducing the risk of secondary disasters caused by reignition after fire suppression.
[0038] In this embodiment, preferably, the heat-insulating firewall 5 includes a metal shell 51 and a heat-insulating layer 52 filled in the metal shell 51. The heat-insulating layer 52 is composed of one or more of mica board, ceramic fiber paper and aerogel board.
[0039] The metal casing 51 is typically made of stainless steel or galvanized steel sheet with a thickness of 0.5–1.5 mm, possessing sufficient mechanical strength to withstand thermal shock and potential impact loads. The metal casing 51 forms a closed cavity filled with an insulation layer 52. The insulation layer 52 can be a single-layer structure, such as using only one of the following materials: mica board, ceramic fiber paper, or aerogel board; or it can be a multi-layer composite structure, for example, consisting of aerogel board, ceramic fiber paper, and mica board from the inside out, to utilize the optimal insulation performance of different materials within their respective temperature ranges. The high-temperature stability and electrical insulation of the mica board prevent arcing of the firewall due to thermal runaway; the flexibility of the ceramic fiber paper allows it to adapt to the thermal expansion and deformation of the metal casing 51; and the ultra-low thermal conductivity of the aerogel board minimizes heat conduction. Preferably, the use of a composite of these three materials provides superior overall thermal insulation performance compared to using a single material, effectively reducing the temperature difference between the two sides of the firewall and ensuring the safety of adjacent battery areas 1.
[0040] The metal outer casing 51 provides structural support and protection for the insulation layer 52, preventing the insulation material from being blown away or falling off under the impact of high-pressure gas generated by battery thermal runaway. The internal insulation layer 52 utilizes the synergistic effect of multiple high-performance insulation materials to achieve continuous heat insulation over a wide temperature range.
[0041] In this embodiment, preferably, the heat-insulating firewall 5 is also encapsulated with functional additives. When the firewall is burned through, the functional additives are released into the fire zone to neutralize the acidic gases generated during fire suppression, adhere to the battery plates to reduce the rate of chemical reaction, and suppress the combustion of the electrolyte pool fire.
[0042] Functional additives are pre-filled in the gap between the inner wall of the metal outer shell 51 and the outer surface of the insulation layer 52. These functional additives mainly include silica nanoparticles 53 and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) 54, a flame retardant. The silica nanoparticles 53 preferably have a particle size of 20–100 nm, a melting point as high as 1650°C, and good thermal stability. DMMP is a colorless liquid with a boiling point of approximately 181°C and flame-retardant properties.
[0043] When thermal runaway within battery area 1 becomes extremely severe, exceeding the tolerance limit of the insulating firewall 5 (e.g., prolonged direct flame impact causing the metal casing 51 to burn through), the functional additive material is released into the fire area. The silica nanoparticles 53 react chemically with the acidic hydrogen fluoride (HF) gas generated during the extinguishing process of perfluorohexanone or water-based fire extinguishing agents, producing silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) and water, thereby reducing the concentration and corrosiveness of the acidic gas. Furthermore, unreacted silica particles and the reacted SiF4 salt particles adhere to the lithium battery plates, covering active sites and reducing the contact area between the electrolyte and the plates, thus inhibiting residual chemical reactions and further heat generation. After release, DMMP rapidly vaporizes and diffuses into the electrolyte fire area, mixing with electrolyte vapor. Through gas-phase free radical capture and condensation phase charring, it significantly suppresses flame intensity, reduces flame size, slows combustion speed, and decreases electrolyte evaporation rate.
[0044] In this embodiment, preferably, a fusible seal 6 is provided in the extinguishing agent pipeline 41, and the fusible seal 6 controls whether the fire extinguisher 3 sprays out the extinguishing agent.
[0045] A fusible sealant 6 is installed in series at the inlet of the extinguishing agent pipeline 41 in each battery zone 1 or near the fire extinguisher 3. Under normal conditions, the fusible sealant 6 acts as a shut-off valve for the extinguishing agent pipeline 41, keeping it sealed so that even if the extinguishing agent supply unit 42 is activated, the extinguishing agent cannot reach the fire extinguisher 3. When the fire detector 2 detects a fire in battery zone 1, the system triggers the fusible sealant 6 to melt or open rapidly, thereby opening the extinguishing agent pipeline 41. The extinguishing agent is then delivered to the fire extinguisher 3 and sprayed outwards. Conversely, for battery zones 1 where no fire has occurred, the fusible sealant 6 remains sealed, preventing the extinguishing agent from entering, thus achieving selective spraying in designated areas.
[0046] In this embodiment, preferably, the fusible seal 6 includes a fusible plug and an electrothermal actuator wound around the outside of the fusible plug, wherein the fusible plug is configured to have a low melting point and be easily melted.
[0047] The main material of the fusible plug is a low-melting-point alloy, such as bismuth (Bi) as the base, with the addition of metals such as lead (Pb), tin (Sn), cadmium (Cd), and indium (In) to adjust the melting point. By adjusting the alloy formula, the melting point of the fusible plug can be precisely set in the range of 60 to 100°C, preferably 80°C.
[0048] The fusible plug is typically cylindrical with a central through-hole or a blind-hole structure, and its outer surface is threaded to allow it to be screwed into the connector of the extinguishing agent line 41. An electrothermal actuator, which can be a nickel-chromium alloy heating coil covered with an insulating layer, is tightly wound around the outside of the fusible plug.
[0049] When fire detector 2 detects a fire in battery zone 1, the control circuit powers the electrothermal actuator. The heating coil heats up rapidly, quickly raising the fusible plug above its melting point. The fusible plug material melts and is forced open by the internal pressure of the extinguishing agent, thus opening the extinguishing agent channel. To prevent false triggering in unburned areas, the electrothermal actuator in each battery zone 1 is controlled only by the fire detector 2 for that zone.
[0050] The combination of a fusible plug and a thermoelectric actuator provides both thermal and electronic fuse functionality. On one hand, if a fire causes the ambient temperature in battery compartment 1 to rise rapidly to the melting point of the fusible plug, it will automatically melt and open, achieving passive startup and enhancing the system's fail-safe characteristics, even if the thermoelectric actuator is not powered or the control system fails. On the other hand, active heating via the thermoelectric actuator allows for rapid startup.
[0051] In this embodiment, preferably, the fire extinguishing agent supply unit 42 is installed at the lower end of the center armrest box of the car cabin, and the fire extinguishing agent supply unit 42 is connected to the fire extinguishing agent pipelines 41 of multiple battery areas 1 through the fire extinguishing agent guide ring 43.
[0052] The extinguishing agent supply unit 42 consists of an extinguishing agent tank and at least one extinguishing agent bottle placed inside. The extinguishing agent tank is fixedly located beneath the center console of the vehicle's cabin, in a concealed position that does not occupy additional storage space. The user can easily access the extinguishing agent tank by lifting the center console cover, facilitating the inspection, replacement, or refilling of the extinguishing agent bottle. A rubber sealing gasket is provided at the contact surface between the extinguishing agent tank and the center console to prevent extinguishing agent leakage or the ingress of external moisture. The extinguishing agent bottle is sealed to the inlet end of the extinguishing agent pipeline 41 via a movable screw cap. The movable screw cap uses a standard pipe thread or quick-connect coupling structure, allowing for manual tightening or loosening.
[0053] The main pipeline leading from the extinguishing agent supply unit 42 first connects to an extinguishing agent diversion ring 43. The extinguishing agent diversion ring 43 is a ring-shaped distributor, with multiple outlets connected to each battery zone 1 via independent extinguishing agent pipelines 41. The design of the extinguishing agent diversion ring 43 ensures that regardless of the location of the battery zone 1 on the front, back, left, or right of the chassis, the pipeline length from the diversion ring outlet to the fire extinguisher 3 in that zone is basically equal or has very little difference, thereby eliminating the problem of asynchronous arrival time of the extinguishing agent caused by differences in pipeline length.
[0054] In actual assembly, the fire extinguishing agent supply unit 42 is installed below the center armrest box in the vehicle cabin, and the fire extinguishing agent pipeline 41 is laid along the longitudinal beams of the vehicle body or the crossbeams of the chassis to each battery area 1.
[0055] In this embodiment, preferably, the extinguishing agent supply unit 42 includes at least two independent extinguishing agent cylinders, and multiple extinguishing agent cylinders are activated sequentially.
[0056] The extinguishing agent supply unit 42 contains at least two independent extinguishing agent cylinders in its extinguishing agent tank. Each extinguishing agent cylinder is connected to the extinguishing agent guide ring 43 via its own pipe and valve. These extinguishing agent cylinders can contain the same or different types of extinguishing agents.
[0057] In this embodiment, preferably, a time difference is set between the opening times of two adjacent fire extinguishing agent cylinders.
[0058] In one embodiment, the extinguishing agent supply unit 42 includes two extinguishing agent cylinders: a first extinguishing agent cylinder is a perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent cylinder, and a second extinguishing agent cylinder is a water-based extinguishing agent cylinder. Each of the two extinguishing agent cylinders has a solenoid valve at its outlet, each independently controlled by the control system. When the fire detector 2 detects a fire, the control system does not open both solenoid valves simultaneously, but instead activates them sequentially according to a preset order: first, it opens the solenoid valve of the perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent cylinder to spray the perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent; after a delay, it then opens the solenoid valve of the water-based extinguishing agent cylinder to spray the water-based extinguishing agent. The two extinguishing agent cylinders are activated sequentially, rather than simultaneously.
[0059] Lithium battery fires exhibit characteristics of four fire categories: Class A (solid combustion), Class B (liquid or fusible solid combustion), Class C (gas combustion), and Class E (fires involving electrical equipment). A single extinguishing agent cannot simultaneously meet the multiple requirements of rapid fire suppression, cooling, insulation, and prevention of reignition. Perfluorohexanone (PFH) is a clean gas extinguishing agent with advantages such as rapid extinguishing speed, no residue, and good electrical insulation, making it suitable for extinguishing initial open flames and inhibiting gaseous combustion reactions. However, PPH has limited heat absorption after extinguishing a fire, making it difficult to completely cool the high-temperature battery and easily leading to reignition. Water-based extinguishing agents have extremely high latent heat of vaporization, capable of absorbing a large amount of heat, rapidly reducing battery temperature, and preventing reignition. Preferably, aqueous solutions of water-based extinguishing agents with added surfactants and flame retardants can also absorb the toxic HF gas that may be generated during PPH extinguishing.
[0060] Because water-based extinguishing agents are highly conductive, they are not suitable for direct use in initial fires involving energized equipment. Therefore, perfluorohexanone is first sprayed to quickly extinguish the open flame and cut off the flame ionization channel. After the open flame is extinguished, or when the perfluorohexanone is almost exhausted, the water-based extinguishing agent is then sprayed for deep cooling and to prevent reignition. This achieves a complementary effect between the two extinguishing agents. Furthermore, sequential activation avoids potential interference that may occur when the two extinguishing agents are sprayed simultaneously, ensuring that each agent exerts its maximum effectiveness.
[0061] In this embodiment, preferably, the system also includes an alarm signal light 7 installed in the cockpit. When the flame detector detects a fire signal, the alarm signal light 7 emits an audible and visual alarm signal.
[0062] The alarm indicator light 7 is positioned in a location easily visible to the driver within the cockpit, preferably integrated into the instrument panel, and simultaneously emits an alarm sound. The alarm indicator light 7 is connected to the fire detector 2 or the central controller via a signal line 8. When a flame detector in any battery area 1 detects a fire signal, the controller immediately sends a trigger signal to the alarm indicator light 7, which then sounds an alarm to remind the driver that there is a fire risk in the vehicle and that they should immediately stop the vehicle safely and evacuate.
[0063] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0064] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable way without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.
[0065] Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.
Claims
1. An automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zoned management, characterized in that, It includes a fire extinguishing agent supply unit (42), multiple isolated battery areas (1), fire detectors (2) and fire extinguishers (3) correspondingly installed inside the battery areas (1), the fire extinguishers (3) and the fire extinguishing agent supply unit (42) are connected through fire extinguishing agent pipelines (41), and the fire extinguishing agent supply unit (42) provides fire extinguishing agent to the fire extinguishers (3) through the fire extinguishing agent pipelines (41); The fire detector (2) and the fire extinguisher (3) are electrically connected. The fire detector (2) is used to detect the fire situation in the battery area (1), and the fire extinguisher (3) is used to spray extinguishing agent into the battery area (1).
2. The automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple isolated battery zones (1) are isolated from each other by an insulated firewall (5).
3. The automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zoned management according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat-insulating firewall (5) includes a metal shell (51) and a heat-insulating layer (52) filled in the metal shell (51). The heat-insulating layer (52) is composed of one or more of mica board, ceramic fiber paper and aerogel board.
4. The automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat-insulating firewall (5) is also encapsulated with functional additives. When the firewall is burned through, the functional additives are released into the fire zone to neutralize the acidic gases generated during fire extinguishing, adhere to the battery plates to reduce the rate of chemical reaction, and suppress the combustion of the electrolyte pool fire.
5. The automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extinguishing agent pipeline (41) is equipped with a fusible seal (6), which controls whether the fire extinguisher (3) sprays out the extinguishing agent.
6. The automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fusible seal (6) includes a fusible plug and an electrothermal actuator wrapped around the outside of the fusible plug, wherein the fusible plug is configured to have a low melting point and be easily melted.
7. The automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing agent supply unit (42) is installed at the lower end of the center armrest box in the car cabin. The fire extinguishing agent supply unit (42) is connected to the fire extinguishing agent pipeline (41) of the multiple battery areas (1) through the fire extinguishing agent guide ring (43).
8. The automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extinguishing agent supply unit (42) includes at least two independent extinguishing agent cylinders, and multiple extinguishing agent cylinders are activated sequentially.
9. The automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management according to claim 8, characterized in that, There is a time difference between the opening times of two adjacent fire extinguishing agent cylinders.
10. The automatic fire extinguishing system for new energy vehicle batteries based on zone management according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes an alarm signal light (7) installed in the cockpit. When the flame detector (2) detects a fire signal, the alarm signal light (7) emits an audible and visual alarm signal.