A method and apparatus for producing a biomass waste derived hard carbon material

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of hard carbon preparation, and particularly relates to a biomass waste derived hard carbon material preparation method and equipment; the method comprises the following steps: S1, water washing and impurity removal are performed on the biomass waste, and the water content of the biomass waste is reduced; S2, the biomass waste with reduced water content is put into a treatment tank for mechanical crushing, and then screening is performed to obtain powder with uniform particle size; S3, the screened powder is pre-carbonized under an inert atmosphere, is heated to a certain temperature and is kept at the temperature, volatile components are removed, and a stable carbon precursor is formed; and S4, the pre-carbonized product is soaked or washed with acid liquid, metal ions and inorganic impurities in the raw material are removed, and then water washing is performed to neutralize and drying is performed; the water content of the waste is reduced in all directions, the water content is prevented from being too high due to operation dead angles, material adhesion and agglomeration are prevented during subsequent crushing and screening, the screen is prevented from being blocked, the surface attached water of the waste is further removed before the waste enters the next process, and the production efficiency and use effect of the equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hard carbon preparation technology, specifically a method and equipment for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass waste is a high-quality raw material for preparing hard carbon materials, but its irregular shape and uneven particle size directly affect the uniformity of carbonization and the consistency of products. After the raw materials are cleaned, they enter the key pretreatment stage - crushing and screening. If water stains are still attached to the surface of the raw materials during crushing, the crushed materials will stick together and clump together, which will block the screen, not only reducing the production efficiency of the equipment, but also affecting the subsequent preparation effect of hard carbon. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and equipment for preparing biomass waste-derived hard carbon materials, which effectively solves the problems in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Wash the biomass waste with water to remove impurities and reduce its moisture content;

[0006] S2. The biomass waste with reduced moisture content is put into the treatment tank for mechanical crushing, and then screened to obtain powder with uniform particle size.

[0007] S3. The sieved powder is pre-carbonized under an inert atmosphere, heated to a certain temperature and kept at that temperature to remove volatiles and form a stable carbon precursor.

[0008] S4. Soak the pre-carbonized product in acid solution or heat it to wash it to remove metal ions and inorganic impurities from the raw material, then wash it with water until neutral and dry it.

[0009] S5. The deashed precursor is carbonized at high temperature in an inert atmosphere to form a hard carbon material with a disordered structure.

[0010] S6. Cool, crush, and sieve the high-temperature carbonized hard carbon to obtain biomass-derived hard carbon material with uniform particle size and stable performance.

[0011] The present invention also provides a device for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste, including a support frame; the processing tank is connected to the support frame; the processing tank is provided with a suspending and re-moving unit for briefly suspending the waste at the input end of the processing tank; the suspending and re-moving unit includes an annular base plate installed inside the processing tank; the processing tank and the annular base plate are coaxial; the annular base plate is located between the input end and the output end of the processing tank.

[0012] The processing tank is equipped with a rotating air-cooling device to reduce the moisture content of the waste material from all directions; the rotating air-cooling device includes two semi-annular rotating grooves; the two semi-annular rotating grooves are disposed on opposite inner walls of the processing tank; the two semi-annular rotating grooves are symmetrically arranged.

[0013] The support frame is equipped with an actuation and braking assembly, which is used to provide a driving source for synchronously rotating air-cooling devices and hovering repeating units; the actuation and braking assembly includes a braking base plate, which is mounted on the support frame.

[0014] Preferably, it includes a rotating block that fits into a semi-annular groove; the semi-annular groove and the rotating block are in sliding engagement; the semi-annular groove is coaxial with the center of the annular substrate.

[0015] A rotating base plate is mounted on the outer wall of a rotating block;

[0016] The power shaft is connected to the inner wall of the rotating block;

[0017] A rotating gear ring is fitted onto the processing tank; the centers of the processing tank and the rotating gear ring are coaxial; the back sides of the two rotating base plates are connected to the rotating gear ring.

[0018] Preferably, fan blades are connected to the opposite ends of the two power shafts; a fitting arc plate is installed on the rotating base plate; the size of the fitting arc plate is larger than the semi-circular rotating groove, and the two fit together.

[0019] Preferably, it includes a reciprocating cylinder, which is installed on the side of the annular base plate near the input end of the processing tank; a plurality of reciprocating cylinders are arranged in an equidistant ring with the center of the annular base plate as a reference.

[0020] A rotating cylinder is fitted into the end of a rotating cylindrical tube away from the annular base plate; the rotating cylinder and the rotating cylindrical tube are in sliding fit.

[0021] A repeating spring is installed inside a repeating cylinder; one end of the repeating spring is fixedly connected to the repeating cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface inside the repeating cylinder.

[0022] Preferably, it includes a reciprocating circular plate, which is fitted and connected inside the processing tank; the reciprocating circular plate is slidably fitted with the processing tank; and a plurality of reciprocating cylinders are connected together at the ends away from the reciprocating cylindrical plate to the side away from the input end of the processing tank.

[0023] A hollow circular groove is disposed through the rotating circular plate; the rotating circular plate and the center of the hollow circular groove are coaxial; a closing valve is connected to the hollow circular groove.

[0024] Preferably, it includes a brake slide column that is connected through the brake base plate; the brake slide column is slidably engaged with the brake base plate;

[0025] Brake slide plate, connected to one end of brake slide pin;

[0026] Brake cross block, connected to the other end of brake slide;

[0027] A brake spring is sleeved on the brake slide; one end of the brake spring is fixedly connected to the brake cross block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the brake base plate.

[0028] Preferably, it includes a rotary motor connected to the outer wall of the processing tank;

[0029] A rotary cam is mounted on the output end of a rotary motor; the side of the brake block away from the brake slide is located on the rotation trajectory of the sidewall of the rotary cam.

[0030] A retaining frame is installed on the outer wall of the processing tank; a braking box is connected to the retaining frame.

[0031] Preferably, the brake slide plate is fitted into the brake box; the brake slide plate and the brake box slide together; a first valve is provided on the side of the brake box away from the brake slide plate; second valves are provided on both sides of the brake box; an air inlet pipe is installed on the side of the brake box away from the brake slide plate; the air inlet pipe is connected to the first valve; one end of an air outlet pipe is installed on both sides of the brake box; the other end of the air outlet pipe is connected to an annular pipe: the annular pipe is installed on an annular base plate; several rotating cylinders are connected to the annular pipe; the second valve is connected to the air outlet pipe.

[0032] Preferably, the two air outlet pipes are connected to a common ventilation pipe; a high-pressure nozzle is connected to the output end of the ventilation pipe; a transmission base is mounted on the support frame; a transmission shaft is connected to the transmission base; a turbine blade assembly is connected to the transmission shaft; the output end of the high-pressure nozzle faces the turbine blade assembly; a rotating bevel gear is connected to the end of the transmission shaft away from the transmission base; an auxiliary base is also mounted on the support frame; an auxiliary rotating shaft is connected to the auxiliary base, and a drive bevel gear is mounted on the auxiliary rotating shaft; the drive bevel gear meshes with the rotating bevel gear; a drive gear is connected to the end of the auxiliary rotating shaft away from the auxiliary base; the drive gear meshes with the rotating gear ring; a spring is also connected to the auxiliary rotating shaft; the end of the spring is connected to the auxiliary base.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] (1) Start the fan blades. The airflow generated by their high-speed rotation can dry the waste material in the air in front of the fan blades and remove the excess moisture. The two fan blades start simultaneously and can also limit the waste material floating in the air to avoid the waste material shifting due to excessive wind force on one side. Since the waste material is continuously blown into the air by the hovering and re-moving unit, the position, state and angle of the waste material in front of the fan blades are different each time it hovers. This makes it easy for the fan blades to work on it at different positions and angles, reduce the moisture content of the waste material in all directions and avoid dead angles in the operation. This ensures that the moisture content is not too high, thus preventing material from sticking, clumping, and clogging the screen during subsequent crushing and screening. It also allows the waste to have its surface moisture removed before entering the next process, ensuring the service life and safety of the equipment. At the same time, under the action of the actuator and drive assembly, the rotating gear ring reciprocates, driving the rotating block on the rotating base plate to reciprocate within the semi-circular groove. This, in turn, drives the fan blades to rotate synchronously, enabling them to air-dry the waste in different directions. This further increases the working angle and range of the fan blades, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the equipment.

[0035] (2) When gas enters the brake box and the second valve is closed, the valve separately provided at the connection between the ventilation pipe and the outlet pipe is opened, so that the gas in the repeating cylinder has a channel for release, so that the repeating spring is no longer limited. Through the reset of the repeating spring, the gas that has entered the repeating cylinder can be discharged into the ventilation pipe, which can drive the repeating cylinder to reset and move, and cause the repeating plate on it to reset and move. Through the continuous inflow and outflow of gas in the brake box, the repeating plate moves back and forth, thus providing a power source for the idle repeating unit. At the same time, when the gas in the repeating cylinder is discharged into the ventilation pipe, it is sprayed out by the high-pressure nozzle. The sprayed high-pressure gas acts on the turbine blade assembly, which drives the transmission shaft to rotate on the transmission base, causing the rotating bevel gear on the transmission shaft to rotate and mesh with the drive bevel gear to rotate, so that it rotates on the auxiliary base through the auxiliary shaft, so that the spring spring is in a buffer state, and the auxiliary shaft drives The drive gear rotates, causing it to mesh with the rotating gear ring, which in turn drives the rotating air-cooling device to move and adjust its working position. When the valve at the connection between the air duct and the outlet pipe is closed, it indicates that the gas in the brake box will be sent back into the reciprocating cylinder, so that the high-pressure nozzle stops spraying gas and the spring that was originally in a buffer state is reset. Under a series of transmissions, the rotating air-cooling device is driven to return to its initial position. Repeating this process keeps the rotating air-cooling device in a reciprocating oscillating state, continuously working at different positions on the waste material, reducing the limitations of the equipment and improving its performance. This also provides a power source for the rotating air-cooling device, allowing it and the idling reciprocating unit to share a power source, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the equipment and achieving energy saving and environmental protection. This enables the entire set of equipment to drive synergistically and reuse energy, reducing the limitations of the equipment's use.

[0036] (3) When the gas in the reciprocating cylinder is discharged outward, the internal pressure decreases, the reciprocating spring releases elastic potential energy, and pulls the reciprocating cylinder to retract inward along the axis of the reciprocating cylinder, so that the reciprocating cylinder slides inward relative to the reciprocating cylinder, thereby driving the reciprocating plate to retract away from the input end in the processing tank; by continuously feeding gas into and out of the reciprocating cylinder, the reciprocating cylinder continuously slides back and forth in the reciprocating cylinder, thereby driving the reciprocating plate to slide back and forth at high frequency in the processing tank; when the waste is put into the input end of the processing tank, it falls on the closed valve on the reciprocating plate. The closed valve moves up and down with the reciprocating plate, so that the waste is continuously shaken up and achieves a brief suspension, which facilitates the rotation of the air-cooling device to perform all-round, no-dead-angle air-drying operation on the suspended waste. Each time the waste is shaken up, it will cause the waste to move irregularly, so that the different positions of the waste The placement area allows for air drying, avoiding dead corners that prevent the moisture content of the waste from being reduced. Simultaneously, the continuous agitation of the waste causes it to collide with each other or with the rotating disc, shaking off any water adhering to the disc and actively reducing its moisture content. This further improves the equipment's performance and prevents material adhesion and clumping during subsequent crushing operations, enhancing the equipment's ability to produce hard carbon. Once the waste's moisture content is reduced, the closing valve can be opened, allowing the waste to flow to the crushing area at the bottom of the processing tank for crushing. When the waste is fed from the input end of the processing tank and lands on the rotating disc, the buffering force provided by the rotating spring reduces the impact force caused by the waste contacting the disc, unloading the disc and preventing damage. This extends the disc's lifespan, facilitates long-term use, and reduces the equipment's limitations. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0038] In the attached diagram:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating toothed ring structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the hollow circular groove of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the braking block of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the annular pipe of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the tank used in this invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the brake slide plate structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the intake pipe structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the semi-annular groove of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the turbine blade assembly structure of the present invention;

[0049] In the diagram: 1. Processing tank; 2. Support frame; 3. Annular base plate; 4. Semi-annular rotating groove; 5. Braking base plate; 6. Rotating block; 7. Rotating base plate; 8. Power shaft; 9. Rotating gear ring; 10. Fan blade; 11. Fitting arc plate; 12. Reciprocating cylinder; 13. Reciprocating cylinder; 14. Reciprocating spring; 15. Reciprocating circular plate; 16. Hollow circular groove; 17. Closing valve; 18. Braking slide; 19. Braking slide plate; 20. Braking cross block; 21. Braking spring 22. Rotary motor; 23. Rotary cam; 24. Fixing frame; 25. Brake box; 26. First valve; 27. Second valve; 28. Inlet pipe; 29. ​​Outlet pipe; 30. Annular pipe; 31. Ventilation pipe; 32. High-pressure nozzle; 33. Transmission base; 34. Transmission shaft; 35. Turbine blade assembly; 36. Rotating bevel gear; 37. Auxiliary base; 38. Auxiliary shaft; 39. Drive bevel gear; 40. Drive gear; 41. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1, by Figure 1 A method for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1. Wash the biomass waste with water to remove impurities and reduce its moisture content;

[0053] S2. The biomass waste with reduced moisture content is put into the treatment tank 1 for mechanical crushing, and then screened to obtain powder with uniform particle size.

[0054] S3. The sieved powder is pre-carbonized under an inert atmosphere, heated to a certain temperature and kept at that temperature to remove volatiles and form a stable carbon precursor.

[0055] S4. Soak the pre-carbonized product in acid solution or heat it to wash it to remove metal ions and inorganic impurities from the raw material, then wash it with water until neutral and dry it.

[0056] S5. The deashed precursor is carbonized at high temperature in an inert atmosphere to form a hard carbon material with a disordered structure.

[0057] S6. Cool, crush, and sieve the high-temperature carbonized hard carbon to obtain biomass-derived hard carbon material with uniform particle size and stable performance.

[0058] Example 2, by Figures 1 to 10 Provided is a device for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste, including a support frame 2; a processing tank 1 connected to the support frame 2; a rotating air-cooling device is provided on the processing tank 1 to reduce the moisture content of the waste in all directions; the rotating air-cooling device includes two semi-annular rotating grooves 4; the two semi-annular rotating grooves 4 are disposed on opposite inner walls of the processing tank 1; the two semi-annular rotating grooves 4 are symmetrically arranged; a rotating block 6 is fitted and connected within the semi-annular rotating grooves 4; the semi-annular rotating grooves 4 and the rotating block 6 are in sliding fit; the semi-annular rotating grooves 4... The rotating base plate 7 is coaxial with the center of the annular base plate 3; the rotating base plate 7 is installed on the outer wall of the rotating block 6; the power shaft 8 is connected to the inner wall of the rotating block 6; the rotating gear ring 9 is sleeved on the processing tank 1; the center of the processing tank 1 and the rotating gear ring 9 are coaxial; the two rotating base plates 7 are connected to the rotating gear ring 9 on opposite sides; fan blades 10 are connected to the opposite ends of the two power shafts 8; a fitting arc plate 11 is installed on the rotating base plate 7; the size of the fitting arc plate 11 is larger than that of the semi-annular rotating groove 4, and the two fit together;

[0059] The waste material is continuously agitated by the hovering and re-moving unit, keeping it suspended in mid-air between two fan blades 10. Once the fan blades 10 are activated, the high-speed rotation generates airflow that dries the waste material in front of them, removing excess moisture. The simultaneous activation of the two fan blades 10 also limits the movement of the floating waste material, preventing it from shifting due to excessive wind on one side. Because the waste material is continuously agitated in the air by the hovering and re-moving unit, its position, state, and angle in front of the fan blades 10 are different each time it hovers. This allows the fan blades 10 to work on the waste material at different positions and angles, comprehensively reducing its moisture content and preventing excessive moisture due to dead zones. This, in turn, prevents material adhesion, clumping, and screen blockage during subsequent crushing and screening, ensuring the waste material... Before proceeding to the next process, surface moisture is further removed to ensure the equipment's lifespan and safety. Simultaneously, under the action of the actuator and drive assembly, the rotating gear ring 9 reciprocates, driving the rotating block 6 on the rotating base plate 7 to reciprocate within the semi-annular groove 4, thereby driving the fan blades 10 to rotate synchronously. This allows the fan blades 10 to air-dry the waste material in different directions, further increasing the working angle and range of the fan blades 10 and improving the equipment's efficiency and effectiveness. In addition, the fitting arc plate 11 effectively ensures the sealing of the processing tank 1. This prevents the waste material from having water stains attached to it before crushing, which would cause the crushed material to stick, clump, and clog the screen. This not only reduces the equipment's limitations but also improves its production efficiency, ensuring that the subsequent hard carbon preparation is not affected.

[0060] In this embodiment, the processing tank 1 is equipped with a suspending and re-moving unit to allow the waste material at the input end of the processing tank 1 to suspend briefly. The suspending and re-moving unit includes an annular base plate 3, which is installed inside the processing tank 1. The centers of the processing tank 1 and the annular base plate 3 are coaxial. The annular base plate 3 is located between the input end and the output end of the processing tank 1. A re-moving cylinder 12 is installed on the side of the annular base plate 3 near the input end of the processing tank 1. Several re-moving cylinders 12 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals with the center of the annular base plate 3 as a reference. A re-moving cylinder 13 is fitted and connected to the end of the re-moving cylinder 12 away from the annular base plate 3. The re-moving cylinder 13 and the re-moving cylinder 12 are connected in a ring. The cylinder 12 is slidably fitted; the repeating spring 14 is disposed inside the repeating cylinder 12; one end of the repeating spring 14 is fixedly connected to the repeating cylinder 13, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the repeating cylinder 12; the repeating circular plate 15 is fitted inside the processing tank 1; the repeating circular plate 15 is slidably fitted with the processing tank 1; several repeating cylinders 13 are connected together at their ends away from the repeating cylinder 12 to the side of the repeating circular plate 15 away from the input end of the processing tank 1; a hollow circular groove 16 is disposed through the repeating circular plate 15; the centers of the repeating circular plate 15 and the hollow circular groove 16 are coaxial; a closing valve 17 is connected to the hollow circular groove 16;

[0061] Under the action of the actuator, gas continuously flows into the reciprocating cylinder 12. When gas enters the reciprocating cylinder 12, the gas creates pressure inside the cylinder, pushing the reciprocating cylinder 13 outward along the axial direction of the cylinder. The reciprocating cylinder 13 slides outward relative to the cylinder 12, simultaneously stretching the reciprocating spring 14 to store energy. As the reciprocating cylinder 13 extends outward, it together pushes the reciprocating disc 15 to slide towards the input end within the processing tank 1. When the gas inside the reciprocating cylinder 12 is discharged outward, the internal pressure decreases, and the reciprocating spring 14 releases its elastic potential energy, pulling the reciprocating cylinder... The cylinder 13 retracts inward along the axial direction of the reciprocating cylinder 12, causing the reciprocating cylinder 13 to slide inward relative to the reciprocating cylinder 12, thereby driving the reciprocating plate 15 to retract away from the input end within the processing tank 1. By continuously reciprocating the inflow and outflow of gas into the reciprocating cylinder 12, the reciprocating cylinder 13 continuously slides in and out of the reciprocating cylinder 12, thereby driving the reciprocating plate 15 to slide in the processing tank 1 at a high frequency. When waste material is put into the input end of the processing tank 1, it falls onto the closing valve 17 on the reciprocating plate 15, and the closing valve 17 reciprocates along with the reciprocating plate 15. The downward movement continuously agitates the waste material, creating brief periods of suspended motion. This allows the rotating air-cooling device to perform comprehensive, thorough drying of the suspended waste. Each agitation causes the waste to move irregularly, ensuring that different areas are dried and preventing dead zones from hindering moisture reduction. Furthermore, the continuous agitation causes the waste to collide with each other or with the rotating disc 15, dislodging water stains adhering to the disc and actively reducing moisture content. This further improves equipment efficiency and avoids the need for subsequent crushing. The operation causes materials to adhere and clump, which improves the equipment's effect on hard carbon production. After the moisture content of the waste is reduced, the closing valve 17 can be opened to allow the waste to flow to the crushing area at the bottom of the treatment tank 1 for crushing. When the waste is fed from the input end of the treatment tank 1 and falls on the reciprocating circular plate 15, the buffering force brought by the reciprocating spring 14 is used to reduce the impact force caused by the contact between the waste and the reciprocating circular plate 15, and to unload the reciprocating circular plate 15 to avoid damage to it, thereby extending its service life and facilitating long-term use, reducing the limitations of the equipment's use.

[0062] In this embodiment, the support frame 2 is equipped with an actuation and braking assembly for synchronously providing a drive source for the rotating air-cooled device and the hovering reciprocating unit. The actuation and braking assembly includes a brake base plate 5, mounted on the support frame 2; a brake slide 18, which is connected through the brake base plate 5; the brake slide 18 and the brake base plate 5 are slidably engaged; a brake slide plate 19, connected to one end of the brake slide 18; a brake cross block 20, connected to the other end of the brake slide 18; a brake spring 21, sleeved on the brake slide 18; one end of the brake spring 21 is fixedly connected to the brake cross block 20, and the other end is fixedly connected to the brake base plate 5; and a rotary motor 22. A rotating cam 23 is connected to the outer wall of the processing tank 1 and mounted on the output end of the rotating motor 22. A brake block 20, located on the side away from the brake slide 18, lies on the rotation trajectory of the side wall of the rotating cam 23. A retaining frame 24 is mounted on the outer wall of the processing tank 1. A brake box 25 is connected to the retaining frame 24. A brake slide plate 19 is fitted into the brake box 25. The brake slide plate 19 and the brake box 25 slide against each other. A first valve 26 is located on the side of the brake box 25 away from the brake slide plate 19. Second valves 27 are located on both sides of the brake box 25. An air inlet pipe 28 is installed on the side of the brake box 25 away from the brake slide plate 19. The intake pipe 28 is connected to the first valve 26; one end of the exhaust pipe 29 is installed on both sides of the brake box 25; the other end of the exhaust pipe 29 is connected to an annular pipe 30; the annular pipe 30 is installed on the annular base plate 3; several reciprocating cylinders 12 are connected to the annular pipe 30; the second valve 27 is connected to the exhaust pipe 29; the two exhaust pipes 29 are connected to a ventilation pipe 31; a separate valve is provided at the connection between the ventilation pipe 31 and the exhaust pipe 29; a high-pressure nozzle 32 is connected to the output end of the ventilation pipe 31; a transmission base 33 is installed on the support frame 2; a transmission shaft 34 is connected to the transmission base 33; the transmission shaft 34 is... A turbine blade assembly 35 is connected; the output end of the high-pressure nozzle 32 faces the turbine blade assembly 35; a rotating bevel gear 36 is connected to the end of the drive shaft 34 away from the drive base 33; an auxiliary base 37 is also installed on the support frame 2; an auxiliary rotating shaft 38 is connected to the auxiliary base 37, and a drive bevel gear 39 is installed on the auxiliary rotating shaft 38; the drive bevel gear 39 is meshed with the rotating bevel gear 36; a drive gear 40 is connected to the end of the auxiliary rotating shaft 38 away from the auxiliary base 37; the drive gear 40 is meshed with the rotating gear ring 9; a spring 41 is also connected to the auxiliary rotating shaft 38; the end of the spring 41 is connected to the auxiliary base 37.

[0063] The rotary motor 22 is started, causing its output end to drive the rotary cam 23 to rotate. The rotary cam 23 periodically pushes the brake block 20, causing the brake block 20 to drive the brake spool 18 and brake slide plate 19 to slide back and forth within the brake base plate 5 and brake box 25. The brake spring 21 is sleeved on the brake spool 18 and compresses and resets with the movement of the brake block 20, providing retraction power for the brake slide plate 19. When the brake slide plate 19 reciprocates within the brake box 25, it creates a pumping effect. When the brake slide plate 19 moves close to the air intake pipe 28, the first valve 26 is in the closed state. The second valve 27 opens, allowing gas from the brake box 25 to enter the outlet pipe 29. The outlet pipe 29 then transports the gas to the annular pipe 30, where it enters several reciprocating cylinders 12. These cylinders push against the reciprocating cylinder 13, causing the reciprocating plate 15 to move upwards. When the brake slide plate 19 returns to its original position, the second valve 27 closes, and the first valve 26 opens, allowing external gas to be drawn into the brake box 25 through the inlet pipe 28. This gas awaits the next movement of the brake slide plate 19 to send the gas from the brake box 25 into the reciprocating cylinders 12. However, when gas enters the brake box 25... When the second valve 27 is closed inside the moving box 25, the valve separately provided at the connection between the ventilation pipe 31 and the outlet pipe 29 is opened, providing a channel for the gas in the repeating cylinder 12 to escape. This removes the limiting setting of the repeating spring 14, allowing the gas entering the repeating cylinder 12 to be discharged into the ventilation pipe 31 through the reset of the repeating spring 14. This, in turn, drives the repeating cylinder 13 to reset and move its repeating disc 15. As gas continuously flows in and out of the braking box 25, the repeating disc 15 moves back and forth, providing a power source for the hovering repeating unit. Meanwhile, when the gas in the rotating cylinder 12 is discharged into the ventilation pipe 31, it is sprayed out by the high-pressure nozzle 32. The sprayed high-pressure gas acts on the turbine blade assembly 35, which drives the transmission shaft 34 to rotate on the transmission base 33, causing the rotating bevel gear 36 on the transmission shaft 34 to rotate and mesh with the drive bevel gear 39 to rotate, so that it rotates on the auxiliary base 37 through the auxiliary rotating shaft 38, so that the spring spring 41 is in a buffer state. The auxiliary rotating shaft 38 drives the drive gear 40 to rotate, which meshes with the rotating gear ring 9 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating air-cooling device to move and adjust its working position.When the valve at the connection between the ventilation pipe 31 and the outlet pipe 29 is closed, it indicates that the gas in the brake box 25 will be sent back into the reciprocating cylinder 12, causing the high-pressure nozzle 32 to stop spraying gas. This resets the spring 41, which was originally in a buffer state. Through a series of transmissions, the rotating air-cooling device is then driven back to its initial position. Repeating this process keeps the rotating air-cooling device in a reciprocating oscillating state, continuously operating at different locations on the waste material. This reduces the limitations of the equipment's use and improves its efficiency. It also provides a power source for the rotating air-cooling device, allowing it and the idling reciprocating unit to share a single power source, thus reducing energy consumption and achieving energy saving and environmental protection. This enables the entire system to be driven collaboratively and reused, further reducing the limitations of the equipment's use.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0065] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing hard carbon material derived from biomass waste, characterized in that: Including the following steps: S1. Wash the biomass waste with water to remove impurities and reduce its moisture content; S2. The biomass waste with reduced moisture content is put into the treatment tank for mechanical crushing, and then screened to obtain powder with uniform particle size. S3. The sieved powder is pre-carbonized under an inert atmosphere, heated to a certain temperature and kept at that temperature to remove volatiles and form a stable carbon precursor. S4. Soak the pre-carbonized product in acid solution or heat it to wash it to remove metal ions and inorganic impurities from the raw material, then wash it with water until neutral and dry it. S5. The deashed precursor is carbonized at high temperature in an inert atmosphere to form a hard carbon material with a disordered structure. S6. Cool, crush, and sieve the high-temperature carbonized hard carbon to obtain biomass-derived hard carbon material with uniform particle size and stable performance.

2. A device for preparing biomass waste-derived hard carbon materials, applied to the method for preparing biomass waste-derived hard carbon materials as described in claim 1, comprising a support frame; characterized in that: The processing tank is connected to the support frame; the processing tank is equipped with a suspending and re-moving unit, which is used to allow the waste material at the input end of the processing tank to suspend briefly; the suspending and re-moving unit includes an annular base plate, which is installed inside the processing tank; the processing tank and the annular base plate are coaxial; the annular base plate is located between the input end and the output end of the processing tank; The processing tank is equipped with a rotating air-cooling device to reduce the moisture content of the waste material from all directions; the rotating air-cooling device includes two semi-annular rotating grooves; the two semi-annular rotating grooves are disposed on opposite inner walls of the processing tank; the two semi-annular rotating grooves are symmetrically arranged. The support frame is equipped with an actuator and brake assembly, which is used to provide a drive source for synchronously controlling the rotating air-cooled device and the hovering repeating unit. The actuation and braking assembly includes a braking base plate, which is mounted on a support frame.

3. The equipment for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: It includes a rotating block that fits into a semi-annular groove; the semi-annular groove and the rotating block are in sliding engagement; the semi-annular groove is coaxial with the center of the annular base plate; A rotating base plate is mounted on the outer wall of a rotating block; The power shaft is connected to the inner wall of the rotating block; A rotating gear ring is fitted onto the processing tank; the centers of the processing tank and the rotating gear ring are coaxial; the back sides of the two rotating base plates are connected to the rotating gear ring.

4. The equipment for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both of the two power shafts are connected to fan blades at their opposite ends; a fitting arc plate is mounted on the rotating base plate; the size of the fitting arc plate is larger than the semi-circular rotating groove, and the two fit together.

5. The equipment for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: It includes a reciprocating cylinder, which is installed on the side of the annular base plate near the input end of the processing tank; several reciprocating cylinders are arranged in an equidistant ring with the center of the annular base plate as the reference. A rotating cylinder is fitted into the end of a rotating cylindrical tube away from the annular base plate; the rotating cylinder and the rotating cylindrical tube are in sliding fit. A repeating spring is installed inside a repeating cylinder; one end of the repeating spring is fixedly connected to the repeating cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface inside the repeating cylinder.

6. The equipment for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: It includes a reciprocating circular plate, which is fitted and connected inside the processing tank; the reciprocating circular plate is slidably fitted with the processing tank; and several reciprocating cylinders are connected together at the ends away from the reciprocating cylindrical plate to the side away from the input end of the processing tank. A hollow circular groove is disposed through the rotating circular plate; the rotating circular plate and the center of the hollow circular groove are coaxial; a closing valve is connected to the hollow circular groove.

7. The equipment for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: Includes a brake spool, which is connected through the brake base plate; the brake spool and the brake base plate are in sliding engagement; Brake slide plate, connected to one end of brake slide pin; Brake cross block, connected to the other end of brake slide; Brake spring, fitted onto brake slide pin; One end of the brake spring is fixedly connected to the brake block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the brake base plate.

8. The equipment for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: Includes a rotary motor, connected to the outer wall of the processing tank; A rotary cam is mounted on the output end of a rotary motor; the side of the brake block away from the brake slide is located on the rotation trajectory of the sidewall of the rotary cam. A retaining frame is installed on the outer wall of the processing tank; a braking box is connected to the retaining frame.

9. The equipment for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The brake slide plate is fitted into the brake box; the brake slide plate and the brake box slide together; a first valve is provided on the side of the brake box away from the brake slide plate; second valves are provided on both sides of the brake box; an air inlet pipe is installed on the side of the brake box away from the brake slide plate; the air inlet pipe is connected to the first valve; one end of an air outlet pipe is installed on both sides of the brake box; the other end of the air outlet pipe is connected to an annular pipe: the annular pipe is installed on an annular base plate; several rotating cylinders are connected to the annular pipe; the second valve is connected to the air outlet pipe.

10. The equipment for preparing hard carbon materials derived from biomass waste according to claim 9, characterized in that: The two air outlet pipes are connected to a ventilation pipe; a high-pressure nozzle is connected to the output end of the ventilation pipe; a transmission base is mounted on the support frame; a transmission shaft is connected to the transmission base; a turbine blade assembly is connected to the transmission shaft; the output end of the high-pressure nozzle faces the turbine blade assembly; a rotating bevel gear is connected to the end of the transmission shaft away from the transmission base; an auxiliary base is also mounted on the support frame; an auxiliary rotating shaft is connected to the auxiliary base, and a drive bevel gear is mounted on the auxiliary rotating shaft; the drive bevel gear meshes with the rotating bevel gear; a drive gear is connected to the end of the auxiliary rotating shaft away from the auxiliary base; the drive gear meshes with the rotating gear ring; a spring is also connected to the auxiliary rotating shaft; the end of the spring is connected to the auxiliary base.

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