Low-load optimized operation control system for thermal power unit

Abstract

The present application provides a thermal power unit low load optimization operation control system, comprising: a multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, a coupling model construction module, an optimization decision module, a control module and a safety warning module; the multi-dimensional parameter sensing module is used for collecting various data monitoring of the furnace, the water wall, the SCR, the coal mill and the wind / turbine; the coupling model construction module is used for designing parameters and historical operation data of the unit. The present application provides a thermal power unit low load optimization operation control system, through the multi-dimensional parameter sensing module cooperating with the coupling model construction module, the optimization decision module, the control module and the safety warning module, the thermal power unit data is monitored and adjusted, so as to optimize through multi-system cooperation, the lowest stable combustion load of the unit can be reduced to 20% of the rated load, the furnace combustion oscillation frequency is reduced by more than 80%, the water wall temperature deviation is controlled within ±10℃, effectively preventing the safety risks such as flameout, overtemperature and pipe explosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal power units, and more particularly to a low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid growth of installed capacity of new energy power generation such as wind power and photovoltaics, their intermittent and fluctuating characteristics pose a huge challenge to the stable operation of the power system. As the "ballast" of the power system, thermal power units need to undertake more deep peak shaving tasks, and long-term low-load operation has become the new normal. Now, the 2×660MW high-efficiency ultra-supercritical coal-fired power generating units are equipped with ultra-supercritical coal-fired once boilers, extraction condensing steam turbine generator units, and environmental protection facilities such as limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization systems, SCR flue gas denitrification devices (2+1 layers of catalyst), and low-temperature dual-chamber five-field electrostatic precipitators. They implement strict ultra-low emission standards (under the condition of 6% oxygen content, particulate matter ≤10mg / m³, sulfur dioxide ≤35mg / m³, nitrogen oxides ≤50mg / m³).

[0003] When Units 3 and 4 of the project participate in deep peak shaving, the load needs to be reduced to below 30% of the rated load. At this time, the thermodynamic characteristics of the units change significantly, the furnace heat load drops sharply, which leads to the deterioration of the ignition stability of pulverized coal, the slowdown of flame propagation speed, and the easy occurrence of combustion oscillation or even flameout.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units, which solves the problems that the thermodynamic characteristics of the current units have changed significantly, the furnace heat load has dropped sharply, resulting in the deterioration of pulverized coal ignition stability, the slowdown of flame propagation speed, and the easy occurrence of combustion oscillation or even flameout.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units, comprising: a multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, a coupled model construction module, an optimal decision-making module, a control module, and a safety early warning module; The multi-dimensional parameter sensing module is used to collect and monitor various data from the furnace, water-cooled wall, SCR, coal mill, and air / steam turbine. The coupling model construction module is used to construct three core coupling models based on the unit design parameters and historical operating data; The optimization decision module is used to employ a hierarchical optimization algorithm, based on the output results of the coupled model construction module, to sequentially complete system-level and parameter-level optimization decisions, and determine the optimal operating parameters and execution instructions for each system. The control module is used to send the parameter instructions output by the optimization decision to each actuator; The installation early warning module is used to issue an early warning and perform emergency adjustments immediately when an abnormal situation occurs by setting multi-dimensional safety thresholds.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-dimensional parameter sensing module includes a furnace monitoring module, a water-cooled wall monitoring module, an SCR monitoring module, a pulverizing monitoring module, and a wind / steam turbine monitoring module.

[0008] Preferably, the furnace monitoring module is used to monitor the multi-point flame temperature, ignition distance, pulverized coal distribution rate, and atmosphere field distribution within the furnace; the water-cooled wall monitoring module is used to monitor the working fluid flow rate and wall temperature of each loop of the water-cooled wall; the SCR monitoring module is used to monitor the SCR inlet / outlet flue gas temperature, NOx concentration, and ammonia slip rate; the pulverizing monitoring module is used to monitor the inlet and outlet air temperature, air pressure, coal feed rate, rotary separator speed, and pulverized coal fineness R90 value of the coal mill; and the air / steam turbine monitoring module is used to monitor the primary and secondary air volume, air pressure, damper opening, furnace negative pressure, steam drum water level, and main steam pressure / temperature of the air / steam turbine.

[0009] Preferably, the coupling model construction module includes a combustion-pulverization coupling model, a combustion-environmental protection coupling model, and a combustion-steam turbine-hydraulic coupling model.

[0010] Preferably, the combustion-pulverizing coupling model is used for the unit's counter-current combustion mode, optimizing the combustion tangential shape control model. The combustion-environmental protection coupling model is used to correlate furnace combustion parameters with SCR operating characteristics, establishing a coupling relationship model between SCR inlet flue gas temperature and furnace outlet flue gas temperature, excess air coefficient, and secondary air ratio. The combustion-steam turbine-hydraulic coupling model is used for the characteristics of ultra-supercritical once-through boilers, establishing a correlation model between furnace heat load distribution and water-cooled wall flow distribution.

[0011] Preferably, the optimization decision module includes a system-level optimization decision module and a parameter-level optimization decision module. The system-level optimization decision module is used to determine the coal mill commissioning combination and core operation mode based on the load command as the trigger condition. The parameter-level optimization decision module is used to construct the module output based on the coupled model.

[0012] Preferably, the control module includes an instruction issuing module, a dynamic adjustment module, and an adaptive fast response module. The instruction issuing module is used to issue parameter instructions output by the optimization decision to each actuator. The dynamic adjustment module is used to achieve dynamic adjustment through model predictive control algorithm. The adaptive fast response module is used to set adaptive correction coefficients for coal type fluctuations and load changes.

[0013] Preferably, the adaptive response module triggers a rapid response mechanism when the volatile matter content of the coal changes by more than 5% or the load change rate exceeds 10 MW / min.

[0014] Preferably, the safety early warning module includes an early warning module and an emergency adjustment module. The early warning module is used to issue an early warning immediately when an abnormal situation occurs by setting multi-dimensional safety thresholds. The emergency adjustment module is used to adjust the parameters of each module in an emergency.

[0015] Preferably, the multi-dimensional safety thresholds include furnace flame intensity below a set value, water-cooled wall temperature difference exceeding 50°C, SCR inlet flue gas temperature below 290°C, and ammonia escape rate exceeding 3 ppm.

[0016] Compared with related technologies, the low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units provided by this invention has the following advantages: This invention provides a low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units. Through a multi-dimensional parameter sensing module combined with a coupled model construction module, an optimization decision-making module, a control module, and a safety early warning module, the system monitors and adjusts the data of the thermal power unit. Through multi-system collaborative optimization, the minimum stable combustion load of the unit can be reduced to 20% of the rated load, the furnace combustion oscillation frequency is reduced by more than 80%, and the water-cooled wall temperature deviation is controlled within ±10℃, effectively eliminating safety risks such as flameout and overheating tube rupture. Simultaneously, the system stably maintains the SCR inlet flue gas temperature above 300℃, stably controls NOx emissions below 50mg / m³, ammonia slip rate ≤3ppm, and sulfur dioxide and particulate matter emissions meet ultra-low standards, solving the problem of environmental exceedances at low loads. Furthermore, the system reduces pulverizing unit consumption by 0.8~1.2kWh / t, reduces fly ash carbon content to below 1.5%, and improves the unit's thermal efficiency by 2~3 percentage points under low-load conditions, significantly reducing coal consumption for power generation and operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the thermal power unit low-load optimal operation control system provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 ,in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units provided by the present invention. The low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units includes: a multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, a coupled model construction module, an optimization decision module, a control module, and a safety early warning module. The multi-dimensional parameter sensing module is used to collect and monitor various data from the furnace, water-cooled wall, SCR, coal mill, and air / steam turbine. The coupling model construction module is used to construct three core coupling models based on the unit design parameters and historical operating data; The optimization decision module is used to employ a hierarchical optimization algorithm, based on the output results of the coupled model construction module, to sequentially complete system-level and parameter-level optimization decisions, and determine the optimal operating parameters and execution instructions for each system. The control module is used to send the parameter instructions output by the optimization decision to each actuator; The installation early warning module is used to issue an early warning and perform emergency adjustments immediately when an abnormal situation occurs by setting multi-dimensional safety thresholds.

[0020] By adapting the customized model to the characteristics of Units 3 and 4 of the ultra-supercritical unit, and possessing the ability to adapt to changes in coal type and load, it can be extended to low-load optimal operation of similar ultra-supercritical coal-fired units.

[0021] By constructing a multi-system collaborative optimization system encompassing combustion, pulverization, environmental protection, and turbine, the limitations of single-system optimization are overcome, enabling dynamic adaptation of parameters across systems. This improves the unit's operational stability within the 20%~50% rated load range and eliminates risks such as combustion interruption, water-cooled wall overheating, and exceeding environmental standards.

[0022] By establishing a customized control model adapted to the characteristics of the ultra-supercritical DC units of Units 3 and 4 in thermal power units, the hydrodynamic characteristics, flue gas temperature field changes and SCR catalyst activity requirements under low load are accurately matched, and the SCR inlet flue gas temperature is stably maintained above the catalyst activity threshold to ensure that environmental protection indicators continue to meet the standards.

[0023] By improving the dynamic response capability and accuracy of the control strategy, real-time adaptation to coal type fluctuations and load changes can be achieved, the coal mill combination and operating parameters can be optimized, the unit consumption of pulverization and the heat loss of the unit can be reduced, and the economic efficiency of low-load operation can be improved.

[0024] Establish a multi-objective balance mechanism that balances safety, economy, and environmental protection, and maximize the reduction of coal consumption for power supply and pollutant emissions while ensuring the safe operation of the units, so as to achieve the best efficiency under deep peak shaving conditions.

[0025] The multi-dimensional parameter sensing module includes a furnace monitoring module, a water-cooled wall monitoring module, an SCR monitoring module, a pulverizing monitoring module, and a wind / steam turbine monitoring module.

[0026] The furnace monitoring module is used to monitor the multi-point flame temperature, ignition distance, pulverized coal distribution rate, and atmosphere field distribution in the furnace. The water-cooled wall monitoring module is used to monitor the working fluid flow rate and wall temperature of each loop of the water-cooled wall. The SCR monitoring module is used to monitor the SCR inlet / outlet flue gas temperature, NOx concentration, and ammonia escape rate. The pulverizing monitoring module is used to monitor the inlet and outlet air temperature, air pressure, coal feed rate, rotary separator speed, and pulverized coal fineness R90 value of the coal mill. The air / steam turbine monitoring module is used to monitor the primary and secondary air volume, air pressure, damper opening, furnace negative pressure, steam drum water level, and main steam pressure / temperature of the air / steam turbine.

[0027] Based on the existing monitoring systems of Units 3 and 4, additional key measuring points will be added to construct a full-dimensional parameter sensing network. The parameters collected include: multi-point flame temperature in the furnace, ignition distance, pulverized coal distribution rate, and atmosphere field distribution (real-time online monitoring is achieved through a multispectral analysis device). The working fluid flow rate and wall temperature of each loop of the water-cooled wall (new thermocouples are densely arranged in areas prone to overheating). SCR inlet / outlet flue gas temperature, NOx concentration, ammonia slip rate; coal mill inlet / outlet air temperature, air pressure, coal feed rate, rotary separator speed, and coal powder fineness R90 value; Secondary air volume, air pressure, damper opening, furnace negative pressure, steam drum water level (if applicable), main steam pressure / temperature, etc.

[0028] After all parameters are preprocessed, they are transmitted to the control center via industrial Ethernet, with a data update frequency of no less than 10Hz to ensure control timeliness.

[0029] The coupling model construction module includes a combustion-pulverization coupling model, a combustion-environmental protection coupling model, and a combustion-steam turbine-hydraulic coupling model.

[0030] The combustion-pulverizing coupling model is designed for the unit's counter-current combustion mode, optimizing the combustion tangential shape control model. The combustion-environmental protection coupling model is used to correlate furnace combustion parameters with SCR operating characteristics, establishing a coupling relationship model between SCR inlet flue gas temperature, furnace outlet flue gas temperature, excess air coefficient, and secondary air ratio. The combustion-steam turbine-hydraulic coupling model is used to establish a correlation model between furnace heat load distribution and water-cooled wall flow distribution for the characteristics of ultra-supercritical once-through boilers.

[0031] Based on the design parameters and historical operating data of Units 3 and 4, three core coupled models are constructed to achieve accurate mapping of operating conditions: Combustion-pulverizing coupled model: With load and coal characteristics (volatile matter, calorific value, ash content) as input variables, coal fineness R90, number and combination of coal mills in operation, and primary and secondary air ratio as intermediate variables, and furnace temperature field distribution, fly ash carbon content, and NOx generation as output variables, the optimal parameter mapping relationship is fitted for different load ranges. For the unit's counter-current combustion mode, the combustion tangential shape control model is optimized to ensure that the combustion tangential diameter is stable within a reasonable range under low load (based on the cold test calibration benchmark value).

[0032] Combustion-environmental protection coupling model: Focusing on the correlation between furnace combustion parameters and SCR operating characteristics, a coupling relationship model is established between SCR inlet flue gas temperature and furnace outlet flue gas temperature, excess air coefficient, and secondary air ratio. Combined with the 2+1 layer catalyst activity curve, the combustion parameter thresholds for maintaining flue gas temperature ≥300℃ under different loads are determined. At the same time, a dynamic adaptation model of ammonia injection rate, NOx concentration, and flue gas velocity is constructed to suppress ammonia slip rate (controlled below 3ppm).

[0033] Combustion-turbine hydrodynamic coupling model: For the characteristics of ultra-supercritical once-through boilers, a correlation model between furnace heat load distribution and water-cooled wall flow distribution is established. With the water-cooled wall temperature difference ≤10℃ as a constraint, the working fluid flow regulation strategy is optimized. Combined with the self-compensation characteristics of the spiral tube coil and the regulation of the vertical tube screen throttling orifice plate, hydrodynamic stability control is achieved.

[0034] The optimization decision module includes a system-level optimization decision module and a parameter-level optimization decision module. The system-level optimization decision module is used to determine the coal mill commissioning combination and core operation mode based on the load command as the trigger condition. The parameter-level optimization decision module is used to construct the module output based on the coupled model.

[0035] A hierarchical optimization algorithm is adopted to achieve collaborative optimization of multiple objectives, including safety, economy, and environmental protection. The algorithm involves two levels of decision-making: The first layer: The system-level optimization decision-making module uses load commands as triggering conditions to determine the coal mill commissioning combination and core operation mode. It prioritizes the commissioning of lower-level coal mills (layers A and B), and pairs them with one permanent magnet motor direct-drive coal mill as a regulating coal mill to ensure that the combustion center height is appropriate. The difference in the number of layers of the burner connected to the commissioned coal mill is no more than 2 to avoid flame deflection. Based on the energy consumption model of the pulverizing system, the number of traditional coal mills in operation is calculated using the formula: x = round(qtotal / q1) - 1 (where x is the number of traditional coal mills, qtotal is the boiler coal consumption, and q1 is the rated coal capacity of a single traditional coal mill). The coal capacity of the regulating coal mill is calculated using the formula qregulation = (qtotal - (x × q1)). If qregulation is lower than the minimum operating coal capacity of the coal mill, it will operate at the minimum coal capacity, and the coal capacity of the remaining coal mills will be adjusted proportionally.

[0036] The second layer: The parameter-level optimization decision module dynamically optimizes the parameters of each system based on the output of the coupled model. Combustion parameters are optimized using "rich-lean separation + staged air distribution". By adjusting the burner tilt angle and the opening of the secondary air damper, a positive tower air distribution mode with a secondary air volume of 60%~70% in the lower layer is achieved, and the primary air velocity is controlled at 22~28m / s to balance the coal powder delivery and combustion residence time. The coal powder fineness R90 is dynamically adjusted according to the load function, with high volatile coal types controlled at 19.7%~22% and difficult-to-burn coal types controlled below 18%, and the rotation speed of the rotary separator is adjusted in real time. Environmental parameters are adjusted in linkage. When the SCR inlet flue gas temperature approaches the 300℃ threshold, compensation is achieved by finely adjusting the excess air coefficient and increasing the furnace outlet flue gas temperature, while simultaneously optimizing the ammonia injection rate to ensure NOx emissions ≤50mg / m³. Hydrodynamic parameters are optimized by adjusting the opening of the throttling orifice plate at the water-cooled wall inlet, combined with combustion parameter optimization, to control the wall temperature deviation within the allowable range.

[0037] The control module includes an instruction issuing module, a dynamic adjustment module, and an adaptive fast response module. The instruction issuing module is used to issue parameter instructions output by the optimization decision to each actuator. The dynamic adjustment module is used to achieve dynamic adjustment through model predictive control algorithm. The adaptive fast response module is used to set adaptive correction coefficients for coal type fluctuations and load changes.

[0038] The parameter commands output by the optimization decision (coal mill combination, rotary separator speed, primary and secondary air damper opening, ammonia injection rate, throttling orifice plate opening, etc.) are sent to each actuator. Dynamic adjustment is achieved through model predictive control (MPC) algorithm. The control center collects each monitoring parameter in real time, compares it with the model prediction value, calculates the deviation value, and corrects the control command through PID adjustment algorithm to form closed-loop control.

[0039] To address coal type fluctuations and sudden load changes, an adaptive correction coefficient is set. When the volatile matter content of the coal changes by more than 5% or the load change rate exceeds 10 MW / min, a rapid response mechanism is triggered to prioritize ensuring combustion stability and environmental compliance, and then gradually optimize economic parameters.

[0040] The adaptive response module triggers a rapid response mechanism when the volatile matter content of the coal changes by more than 5% or the load change rate exceeds 10 MW / min.

[0041] The safety early warning module includes an early warning module and an emergency adjustment module. The early warning module is used to issue an early warning immediately when an abnormal situation occurs by setting multi-dimensional safety thresholds. The emergency adjustment module is used to adjust the parameters of each module in an emergency.

[0042] The multi-dimensional safety thresholds include furnace flame intensity below a set value, water-cooled wall temperature difference exceeding 50°C, SCR inlet flue gas temperature below 290°C, and ammonia escape rate exceeding 3 ppm.

[0043] By setting multi-dimensional safety thresholds, when abnormal situations occur such as furnace flame intensity being lower than the set value, water-cooled wall temperature difference exceeding 50℃, SCR inlet flue gas temperature being lower than 290℃, or ammonia escape rate exceeding 3ppm, the system immediately issues an early warning and executes an emergency adjustment strategy: when the flame is unstable, it automatically engages micro-oil ignition to assist in stable combustion, while increasing the excess air coefficient and the amount of coal in the lower coal mill. When the water-cooled wall overheats, adjust the burner load in the corresponding area and increase the working fluid flow rate in that circuit; when environmental parameters exceed the standard, suspend economic optimization and prioritize increasing the flue gas temperature or adjusting the ammonia injection rate to ensure the safe and environmentally friendly operation of the unit.

[0044] The working principle of the low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units provided by this invention is as follows: During use, the multi-dimensional parameter sensing module collects and monitors various data from the furnace, water-cooled wall, SCR, coal mill, and air / steam turbine. By constructing three core coupled models based on the unit's design parameters and historical operating data through the coupled model construction module, accurate mapping of operating conditions can be achieved; By employing a hierarchical optimization algorithm through the optimization decision module, and based on the output results of the coupled model construction module, system-level and parameter-level optimization decisions are completed sequentially to determine the optimal operating parameters and execution instructions for each system. The control module sends the parameter commands output by the optimization decision to each actuator. By setting multi-dimensional safety thresholds through the installation of an early warning module, the system will immediately issue an early warning and execute emergency adjustments when an abnormal situation occurs.

[0045] Compared with related technologies, the low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units provided by this invention has the following advantages: This invention provides a low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units. Through a multi-dimensional parameter sensing module combined with a coupled model construction module, an optimization decision-making module, a control module, and a safety early warning module, the system monitors and adjusts the data of the thermal power unit. Through multi-system collaborative optimization, the minimum stable combustion load of the unit can be reduced to 20% of the rated load, the furnace combustion oscillation frequency is reduced by more than 80%, and the water-cooled wall temperature deviation is controlled within ±10℃, effectively eliminating safety risks such as flameout and overheating tube rupture. Simultaneously, the system stably maintains the SCR inlet flue gas temperature above 300℃, stably controls NOx emissions below 50mg / m³, ammonia slip rate ≤3ppm, and sulfur dioxide and particulate matter emissions meet ultra-low standards, solving the problem of environmental exceedances at low loads. Furthermore, the system reduces pulverizing unit consumption by 0.8~1.2kWh / t, reduces fly ash carbon content to below 1.5%, and improves the unit's thermal efficiency by 2~3 percentage points under low-load conditions, significantly reducing coal consumption for power generation and operating costs.

[0046] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units, characterized in that, include: The system includes a multi-dimensional parameter perception module, a coupled model construction module, an optimization decision-making module, a control module, and a safety early warning module. The multi-dimensional parameter sensing module is used to collect and monitor various data from the furnace, water-cooled wall, SCR, coal mill, and air / steam turbine. The coupling model construction module is used to construct three core coupling models based on the unit design parameters and historical operating data; The optimization decision module is used to employ a hierarchical optimization algorithm, based on the output results of the coupled model construction module, to sequentially complete system-level and parameter-level optimization decisions, and determine the optimal operating parameters and execution instructions for each system. The control module is used to send the parameter instructions output by the optimization decision to each actuator; The installation early warning module is used to issue an early warning and perform emergency adjustments immediately when an abnormal situation occurs by setting multi-dimensional safety thresholds.

2. The low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional parameter sensing module includes a furnace monitoring module, a water-cooled wall monitoring module, an SCR monitoring module, a pulverizing monitoring module, and a wind / steam turbine monitoring module.

3. The low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units according to claim 2, characterized in that, The furnace monitoring module is used to monitor the multi-point flame temperature, ignition distance, pulverized coal distribution rate, and atmosphere field distribution in the furnace. The water-cooled wall monitoring module is used to monitor the working fluid flow rate and wall temperature of each loop of the water-cooled wall. The SCR monitoring module is used to monitor the SCR inlet / outlet flue gas temperature, NOx concentration, and ammonia escape rate. The pulverizing monitoring module is used to monitor the inlet and outlet air temperature, air pressure, coal feed rate, rotary separator speed, and pulverized coal fineness R90 value of the coal mill. The air / steam turbine monitoring module is used to monitor the primary and secondary air volume, air pressure, damper opening, furnace negative pressure, steam drum water level, and main steam pressure / temperature of the air / steam turbine.

4. The low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling model construction module includes a combustion-pulverization coupling model, a combustion-environmental protection coupling model, and a combustion-steam turbine-hydraulic coupling model.

5. The low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units according to claim 4, characterized in that, The combustion-pulverizing coupling model is designed for the unit's counter-current combustion mode, optimizing the combustion tangential shape control model. The combustion-environmental protection coupling model is used to correlate furnace combustion parameters with SCR operating characteristics, establishing a coupling relationship model between SCR inlet flue gas temperature, furnace outlet flue gas temperature, excess air coefficient, and secondary air ratio. The combustion-steam turbine-hydraulic coupling model is used to establish a correlation model between furnace heat load distribution and water-cooled wall flow distribution for the characteristics of ultra-supercritical once-through boilers.

6. The low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimization decision module includes a system-level optimization decision module and a parameter-level optimization decision module. The system-level optimization decision module is used to determine the coal mill commissioning combination and core operation mode based on the load command as the trigger condition. The parameter-level optimization decision module is used to construct the module output based on the coupled model.

7. The low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes an instruction issuing module, a dynamic adjustment module, and an adaptive fast response module. The instruction issuing module is used to issue parameter instructions output by the optimization decision to each actuator. The dynamic adjustment module is used to achieve dynamic adjustment through model predictive control algorithm. The adaptive fast response module is used to set adaptive correction coefficients for coal type fluctuations and load changes.

8. The thermal power unit low-load optimal operation control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adaptive response module triggers a rapid response mechanism when the volatile matter content of the coal changes by more than 5% or the load change rate exceeds 10 MW / min.

9. The low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety early warning module includes an early warning module and an emergency adjustment module. The early warning module is used to issue an early warning immediately when an abnormal situation occurs by setting multi-dimensional safety thresholds. The emergency adjustment module is used to adjust the parameters of each module in an emergency.

10. The low-load optimal operation control system for thermal power units according to claim 9, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional safety thresholds include furnace flame intensity below a set value, water-cooled wall temperature difference exceeding 50°C, SCR inlet flue gas temperature below 290°C, and ammonia escape rate exceeding 3 ppm.

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