Urban rail transit power supply substation main wiring system based on energy router

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of rail transit power supply system, and proposes a kind of urban rail transit power supply substation main wiring system based on energy router, including medium voltage bus, at least one transformer, at least one energy router, at least one contact switch and low voltage bus;The medium voltage bus is segmented by contact switch;The high voltage side of transformer is connected to the medium voltage bus, and the low voltage side of transformer is connected with energy router;Energy router is provided with at least one AC port and at least one DC port, and contact switch is used to connect AC port or DC port between different energy routers.Through integrating traction and distribution system, civil space is saved.The main wiring structure of substation is optimized, the number of equipment and switch is reduced, the system investment cost is reduced, the performance of traction power supply system can be improved, the power flow of power supply system is controllable and adjustable through energy router, not only the output of transformer can be balanced, but also line loss can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit power supply system technology, and in particular to a main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on an energy router. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most urban rail transit power supply systems employ a configuration of two traction rectifier units and one regenerative energy absorption unit to provide power for train traction and auxiliary braking. Two separate, independently operating distribution transformers are also configured to supply power to the station's power and lighting loads. In this traditional architecture, the regenerative energy absorption unit has limited efficiency in recovering and utilizing train braking energy, easily leading to severe fluctuations in traction grid voltage. Furthermore, the lack of a coordinated control mechanism between the rectifier units and the absorption unit means that the impact loads generated by train starts and stops further exacerbate the voltage drop or rise in the traction grid. In addition, the separate transformers for the traction power supply system and the power and lighting system create typical energy islands, preventing energy exchange between the two systems. This results in low overall utilization of power resources, and the independent configuration of the two systems also increases the equipment footprint, leading to high construction and maintenance costs.

[0003] In recent years, a few lines have attempted to replace traditional rectifier units and regenerative energy absorption devices with bidirectional converters in an effort to improve the coordinated control capabilities of the traction power supply system. However, this approach only addresses some of the coordination issues within the traction power supply system and fails to fundamentally break down the energy barriers between the traction and power / lighting systems; the two systems still maintain relatively independent power supply architectures. Meanwhile, with the low-carbon and green development of urban rail transit and the large-scale integration of new energy sources such as photovoltaic power generation, the complexity of power supply system operation and control has further increased. The coordinated optimization and green consumption of multi-source energy has become a pressing practical problem. Due to these limitations, existing technologies cannot achieve the integrated management and efficient coordination of power supply resources across all scenarios for traction and power / lighting while ensuring power supply reliability.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new substation main wiring scheme that can integrate power supply resources for traction and power lighting across all scenarios, achieve efficient coordination and green consumption of multi-source energy, and reduce system construction and operation and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this invention proposes a main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on an energy router. By integrating the traction and power distribution systems into one, it saves civil engineering space. It optimizes the main wiring structure of the substation, reduces the number of equipment and switches, and lowers system investment costs. It supports the stability of the traction DC bus voltage, effectively improving the performance of the traction power supply system. Through the energy router, the power flow of the system becomes controllable and adjustable, balancing transformer output and effectively reducing line losses.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a main wiring system for an urban rail transit power supply substation based on an energy router, including a medium-voltage busbar, at least one transformer, at least one energy router, at least one tie switch and a low-voltage busbar. The medium-voltage busbar adopts a single busbar segmented connection and is equipped with a segmented circuit breaker. The medium-voltage busbar is segmented by a tie switch. The high-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the medium-voltage bus, and the low-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the energy router. The energy router is provided with at least one AC port and at least one DC port. The AC port is connected to the low-voltage bus or AC load, and the DC port is used to connect to at least one of DC load, new energy source, energy storage, and traction load. The interconnection switch is used to connect the AC or DC ports between different energy routers.

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the main wiring system of the urban rail transit power supply substation based on the energy router includes a traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem and a step-down substation subsystem.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem includes a traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch and a traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem with a low-voltage tie switch.

[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch includes a first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a first medium-voltage busbar, a second medium-voltage busbar, a first low-voltage AC busbar, a second low-voltage AC busbar, a first energy router, and a second energy router. The high-voltage side of the first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the first section of medium-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage side of the second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the second section of medium-voltage busbar; the first low-voltage side of the first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the first section of low-voltage AC busbar, the first low-voltage side of the second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the second section of low-voltage AC busbar, the second and third low-voltage sides of the first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the first energy router, and the second and third low-voltage sides of the second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the second energy router.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem with low-voltage interconnection switch includes a first 3-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a second 3-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a third medium-voltage busbar, a fourth medium-voltage busbar, a third energy router, and a fourth energy router. The high-voltage side of the first three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the third section of the medium-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage side of the second three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the fourth section of the medium-voltage busbar; the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the first three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the third energy router, and the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the second three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the fourth energy router.

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the first energy router includes a first port and a second port, and the second energy router includes a third port and a fourth port, with the second port and the fourth port connected to the traction load.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the step-down substation subsystem includes a step-down substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch and a step-down substation subsystem with a low-voltage tie switch.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the step-down substation subsystem with low-voltage interconnection switch includes a first three-winding distribution transformer, a second three-winding distribution transformer, a fifth medium-voltage busbar, a sixth medium-voltage busbar, a fifth energy router, and a sixth energy router. The high-voltage side of the first three-winding distribution transformer is connected to the fifth medium-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage side of the second three-winding distribution transformer is connected to the sixth medium-voltage busbar; the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the first three-winding distribution transformer are connected to the fifth energy router, and the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the second three-winding distribution transformer are connected to the sixth energy router.

[0014] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the step-down substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch includes a first two-winding distribution transformer, a second two-winding distribution transformer, a seventh medium-voltage busbar, an eighth medium-voltage busbar, a seventh energy router, a third low-voltage AC busbar, and a fourth low-voltage AC busbar. The high-voltage side of the first two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the seventh medium-voltage busbar, the high-voltage side of the second two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the eighth medium-voltage busbar, the low-voltage side of the first two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the third AC busbar, the low-voltage side of the second two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the fourth AC busbar, the first port of the seventh energy router is connected to the third AC busbar, and the second port of the seventh energy router is connected to the fourth AC busbar.

[0015] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the energy router also includes a three-level load port, wherein the three-level load includes new energy sources and energy storage.

[0016] The main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers provided by this invention has the following advantages over existing technologies: (1) By integrating the traction and power distribution systems into one, civil engineering space is saved. The main wiring structure of the substation is optimized, the number of equipment and switches is reduced, and the system investment cost is lowered. It supports the stability of the traction DC bus voltage, which can effectively improve the performance of the traction power supply system. Through the energy router, the power flow of the power supply system is controllable and adjustable, which can not only balance the transformer output, but also effectively reduce line losses.

[0017] (2) By introducing an energy router, an access interface is provided for new energy and energy storage equipment, which is conducive to the local consumption of new energy and renewable energy and improves the utilization rate of new energy and renewable energy. By scientifically planning the power supply inlet and outlet of the energy router, the power supply resources of the whole scenario such as traction and power lighting are integrated in a coordinated manner to achieve efficient coordination and green consumption of multi-source energy, and at the same time achieve the dual goals of cost reduction and efficiency improvement and low-carbon operation of the power supply system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem with a low-voltage tie switch provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a step-down substation subsystem with a low-voltage tie switch provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a step-down substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "an" or "a" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "connected" or "linked" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up," "down," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly.

[0022] This invention provides a main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on an energy router, including a medium-voltage busbar, at least one transformer, at least one energy router, at least one tie switch, and a low-voltage busbar. The medium-voltage busbar adopts a single busbar segmented connection and is equipped with a segmented circuit breaker. The medium-voltage busbar is segmented by a tie switch. The high-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the medium-voltage bus, and the low-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the energy router. The energy router is provided with at least one AC port and at least one DC port. The AC port is connected to the low-voltage bus or AC load, and the DC port is used to connect to at least one of DC load, new energy source, energy storage, and traction load. The interconnection switch is used to connect the AC or DC ports between different energy routers.

[0023] In some embodiments, the main wiring system of the urban rail transit power supply substation based on the energy router includes a traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem and a step-down substation subsystem.

[0024] In some embodiments, the traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem includes a traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch and a traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem with a low-voltage tie switch.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch includes a first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a first medium-voltage busbar, a second medium-voltage busbar, a first low-voltage AC busbar, a second low-voltage AC busbar, a first energy router, and a second energy router. The high-voltage side of the first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the first section of medium-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage side of the second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the second section of medium-voltage busbar; the first low-voltage side of the first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the first section of low-voltage AC busbar, the first low-voltage side of the second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the second section of low-voltage AC busbar, the second and third low-voltage sides of the first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the first energy router, and the second and third low-voltage sides of the second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the second energy router.

[0026] It is easy to understand that the medium-voltage busbar in the substation adopts a single busbar segmented connection and is equipped with segmented circuit breakers. Under normal operation, the two busbar segments operate separately, the segmented circuit breakers are in the open state, and the two incoming power supplies provide power to all traction loads and power and lighting loads within their respective power supply ranges.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, two 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformers are installed. The high-voltage side is connected to two medium-voltage busbars respectively. On the low-voltage side, one winding transforms the voltage to AC400V and connects to the substation's AC400V busbar, while the other two windings are connected to two energy routers respectively. Each energy router has two ports: one providing AC400V power to low-voltage AC loads, and the other providing DC1500V / DC750V power to traction loads. It also provides access ports for new energy sources, energy storage, and DC loads (only for tertiary loads). Except for the main power supply port, all other ports have input and output functions.

[0028] The DC1500 / DC750V bus adopts a single busbar scheme, with the DC1500V / DC750V ports of the two energy routers directly connected to the DC1500 / DC750V busbar. During normal operation, the two energy routers operate in parallel, providing power to the train during traction and transferring excess regenerative energy to low-voltage loads during braking. When the low-voltage loads have unused energy, the excess energy is fed back to the medium-voltage network. When one energy router or one traction distribution hybrid transformer is taken out of service, the other energy router and traction distribution hybrid transformer can decide whether to continue operating based on load conditions, continuously providing power to the traction load.

[0029] The AC400V substation uses a single busbar segmented connection. During normal operation, power is supplied simultaneously by the traction distribution hybrid transformer and the AC400V energy router. When one traction distribution hybrid transformer is out of service, the tertiary loads must be disconnected, and the other energy router supplies power to the primary and secondary loads via the DC traction busbar and the corresponding energy router. When one energy router is out of service, power is supplied by the corresponding traction distribution hybrid transformer; in this case, the tertiary loads do not need to be disconnected.

[0030] It should be noted that the voltage level of the energy router can be adjusted according to the specific application scenario, and this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem with a low-voltage tie switch provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem with low-voltage tie switch includes a first three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a second three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a third medium-voltage busbar, a fourth medium-voltage busbar, a third energy router, and a fourth energy router. The high-voltage side of the first three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the third section of the medium-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage side of the second three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the fourth section of the medium-voltage busbar; the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the first three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the third energy router, and the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the second three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the fourth energy router.

[0032] The substation's medium-voltage busbar adopts a single busbar segmented connection and is equipped with segmented circuit breakers. Under normal operating conditions, the two busbar segments operate separately, and the segmented circuit breakers are in the open state. The two incoming power supplies provide power to all traction loads and power and lighting loads within their respective power supply ranges.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, two 3-winding traction distribution hybrid transformers are installed, with their high-voltage sides connected to two medium-voltage busbars and their low-voltage sides connected to two energy routers. Each energy router has three ports: one AC 400V to power low-voltage AC loads, one DC 1500V / DC 750V to power traction loads, and one DC ±375V to power low-voltage DC loads. They also provide ports for new energy sources and energy storage. The ports for energy storage, DC 1500V / DC 750V, and connection to the traction distribution hybrid transformers all have input and output functions.

[0034] In some embodiments, an energy router set includes a traction distribution hybrid transformer and an energy router. The DC1500 / DC750V bus adopts a single busbar scheme, and the DC1500V / DC750V ports of both energy routers are directly connected to the DC1500V / DC750V busbar. During normal operation, the two energy routers operate in parallel, simultaneously providing power to the traction load. They provide power to the train during traction and transfer excess regenerative energy to the low-voltage load during braking. When the low-voltage load does not utilize all the energy, the excess energy is fed back to the medium-voltage network. When one energy router is taken out of service, its continued operation can be determined based on the load conditions to continuously provide power to the traction load.

[0035] The substation uses a single busbar sectionalized connection for both AC400V and DC±375V. Sectional circuit breakers are installed. During normal operation, the sectional circuit breakers are in the open state, and two sets of energy routers operate in parallel, simultaneously providing power to the distribution loads (including AC and DC loads). When one set of energy routers is shut down, the tertiary loads are disconnected, the sectional circuit breaker is closed, and the other set of energy routers provides power to the primary and secondary distribution loads.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first energy router includes a first port and a second port, and the second energy router includes a third port and a fourth port, the second port and the fourth port being connected to the traction load.

[0037] In some embodiments, the step-down substation subsystem includes a step-down substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch and a step-down substation subsystem with a low-voltage tie switch.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a step-down substation subsystem with a low-voltage tie switch provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the step-down substation subsystem with low-voltage tie switch includes a first three-winding distribution transformer, a second three-winding distribution transformer, a fifth medium-voltage busbar, a sixth medium-voltage busbar, a fifth energy router, and a sixth energy router. The high-voltage side of the first three-winding distribution transformer is connected to the fifth medium-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage side of the second three-winding distribution transformer is connected to the sixth medium-voltage busbar; the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the first three-winding distribution transformer are connected to the fifth energy router, and the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the second three-winding distribution transformer are connected to the sixth energy router.

[0039] The substation's medium-voltage busbar adopts a single busbar segmented connection and is equipped with segmented circuit breakers. Under normal operating conditions, the two busbar segments operate separately, and the segmented circuit breakers are in the open state. The two incoming power supplies provide power to all traction loads and power and lighting loads within their respective power supply ranges.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, two 3-winding distribution transformers are installed. The high-voltage side is connected to two medium-voltage busbars, and the low-voltage side is connected to two energy routers. Each energy router has two ports: one is AC400V to provide power to low-voltage AC loads, and the other is DC±375V to provide power to low-voltage DC loads. It can also provide ports for new energy sources and energy storage.

[0041] The substation uses a single busbar sectionalized connection for both AC400V and DC±375V. Sectional circuit breakers are installed. During normal operation, the sectional circuit breakers are in the open state, and two sets of energy routers operate in parallel, simultaneously providing power to the distribution loads (including AC and DC loads). When one set of energy routers is shut down, the tertiary loads are disconnected, the sectional circuit breaker is closed, and the other set of energy routers provides power to the primary and secondary distribution loads.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a step-down substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the step-down substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch includes a first two-winding distribution transformer, a second two-winding distribution transformer, a seventh medium-voltage busbar, an eighth medium-voltage busbar, a seventh energy router, a third low-voltage AC busbar, and a fourth low-voltage AC busbar. The high-voltage side of the first two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the seventh medium-voltage busbar, the high-voltage side of the second two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the eighth medium-voltage busbar, the low-voltage side of the first two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the third AC busbar, the low-voltage side of the second two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the fourth AC busbar, the first port of the seventh energy router is connected to the third AC busbar, and the second port of the seventh energy router is connected to the fourth AC busbar.

[0043] The substation's medium-voltage busbar adopts a single busbar segmented connection and is equipped with segmented circuit breakers. Under normal operating conditions, the two busbar segments operate separately, and the segmented circuit breakers are in the open state. The two incoming power supplies provide power to all traction loads and power and lighting loads within their respective power supply ranges.

[0044] like Figure 4As shown, two 2-winding distribution transformers are installed. The high-voltage side is connected to two medium-voltage busbars, and the low-voltage side is connected to an AC400V busbar. The AC400V substation uses a single busbar sectionalized connection. No sectionalizing circuit breakers are installed. An energy router is installed, with two AC400V ports connected to the two AC400V busbars respectively. It can also provide ports for new energy sources, energy storage, and DC loads (only providing power to tertiary loads). During normal operation, the two distribution transformers operate separately, providing power to the distribution loads within their respective ranges. The energy router balances the output of the two distribution transformers according to the load conditions of the two distribution sections. When one distribution transformer is out of service, the tertiary load is disconnected, and the other distribution transformer provides power to the primary and secondary distribution loads through the energy router.

[0045] In some embodiments, the energy router further includes a three-level load port, wherein the three-level load includes new energy sources and energy storage.

[0046] In this embodiment, integrating the traction and power distribution systems saves civil engineering space. It optimizes the main wiring structure of the substation, reduces the number of equipment and switches, and lowers system investment costs. Supporting stable traction DC bus voltage effectively improves the performance of the traction power supply system. Through the energy router, the power flow of the system becomes controllable and adjustable, not only balancing transformer output but also effectively reducing line losses.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers, characterized in that, It includes a medium-voltage busbar, at least one transformer, at least one energy router, at least one tie switch, and a low-voltage busbar; The medium-voltage busbar adopts a single busbar segmented connection and is equipped with a segmented circuit breaker. The medium-voltage busbar is segmented by a tie switch. The high-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the medium-voltage bus, and the low-voltage side of the transformer is connected to the energy router. The energy router is provided with at least one AC port and at least one DC port. The AC port is connected to the low-voltage bus or AC load, and the DC port is used to connect to at least one of DC load, new energy source, energy storage, and traction load. The interconnection switch is used to connect the AC or DC ports between different energy routers.

2. The main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main wiring system of the urban rail transit power supply substation based on the energy router includes a traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem and a step-down substation subsystem.

3. The main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem includes a traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch and a traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem with a low-voltage tie switch.

4. The main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch includes a first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a first medium-voltage busbar, a second medium-voltage busbar, a first low-voltage AC busbar, a second low-voltage AC busbar, a first energy router, and a second energy router. The high-voltage side of the first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the first section of medium-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage side of the second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the second section of medium-voltage busbar; the first low-voltage side of the first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the first section of low-voltage AC busbar, the first low-voltage side of the second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the second section of low-voltage AC busbar, the second and third low-voltage sides of the first 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the first energy router, and the second and third low-voltage sides of the second 4-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the second energy router.

5. The main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The traction step-down hybrid substation subsystem with low-voltage interconnection switch includes a first 3-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a second 3-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer, a third medium-voltage busbar, a fourth medium-voltage busbar, a third energy router, and a fourth energy router. The high-voltage side of the first three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the third section of the medium-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage side of the second three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer is connected to the fourth section of the medium-voltage busbar; the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the first three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the third energy router, and the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the second three-winding traction distribution hybrid transformer are connected to the fourth energy router.

6. The main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first energy router includes a first port and a second port, and the second energy router includes a third port and a fourth port, which are connected to the traction load.

7. The main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step-down substation subsystem includes a step-down substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch and a step-down substation subsystem with a low-voltage tie switch.

8. The main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The step-down substation subsystem with low-voltage interconnection switch includes a first three-winding distribution transformer, a second three-winding distribution transformer, a fifth medium-voltage busbar, a sixth medium-voltage busbar, a fifth energy router, and a sixth energy router. The high-voltage side of the first three-winding distribution transformer is connected to the fifth medium-voltage busbar, and the high-voltage side of the second three-winding distribution transformer is connected to the sixth medium-voltage busbar; the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the first three-winding distribution transformer are connected to the fifth energy router, and the first low-voltage side and the second low-voltage side of the second three-winding distribution transformer are connected to the sixth energy router.

9. The main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The step-down substation subsystem without a low-voltage tie switch includes a first two-winding distribution transformer, a second two-winding distribution transformer, a seventh medium-voltage busbar, an eighth medium-voltage busbar, a seventh energy router, a third low-voltage AC busbar, and a fourth low-voltage AC busbar. The high-voltage side of the first two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the seventh medium-voltage busbar, the high-voltage side of the second two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the eighth medium-voltage busbar, the low-voltage side of the first two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the third AC busbar, the low-voltage side of the second two-winding distribution transformer is connected to the fourth AC busbar, the first port of the seventh energy router is connected to the third AC busbar, and the second port of the seventh energy router is connected to the fourth AC busbar.

10. The main wiring system for urban rail transit power supply substations based on energy routers as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The energy router also includes three-level load ports, which include new energy sources and energy storage.

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