A photovoltaic module support frame integrating a heat dissipation flow channel and a self-cleaning rail

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic module support frame integrated with a heat dissipation flow channel and a self-cleaning guide rail, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module installation support structures. The photovoltaic module support frame comprises a frame main body for bearing a photovoltaic module, a liquid storage tank for storing cooling cleaning liquid, a heat dissipation flow channel integrated on the frame main body and communicated with the liquid storage tank and used for circulating the cooling cleaning liquid to absorb heat generated by the photovoltaic module, and a self-cleaning guide rail integrated on the frame main body, communicated with the heat dissipation flow channel and provided with at least one spray head and used for spraying the cooling cleaning liquid to the surface of the photovoltaic module to clean the surface. The heat dissipation flow channel and the self-cleaning guide rail are integrated on the same frame main body, and share the liquid storage tank, a water pump and a cooling cleaning liquid circulating system, so that the heat dissipation and cleaning functions are integrated. Meanwhile, the temperature sensor, the liquid level sensor, the dust sensor and the image recognition module are combined with the controller to realize adaptive control based on temperature and cleanliness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic module installation support structure technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic modules face two major challenges during long-term outdoor operation: first, rising temperatures lead to a decrease in power generation efficiency; second, dust accumulation on the surface causes shading losses, especially in arid and low-rainfall areas where dust accumulation can lead to excessive power generation losses.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, several solutions already exist in the existing technology. For heat dissipation, common practices include installing aluminum heat sink fins on the back of the photovoltaic module or using natural air cooling. However, passive heat dissipation methods have limited efficiency and are insufficient to meet the heat dissipation demands of high-temperature environments. Water-cooling solutions also exist, but these typically require independent circulation pipelines and pumping systems, resulting in complex structures and inconvenient installation.

[0004] In terms of cleaning, current methods mainly rely on regular manual cleaning or automatic sprinkler systems. Manual cleaning is costly, inefficient, and poses safety hazards; while automatic sprinkler systems can achieve automated cleaning, their water source is usually independent of the cooling system, requiring separate piping and water pumps, which increases system complexity and initial investment.

[0005] More importantly, existing technologies rarely integrate heat dissipation and cleaning functions into a single design. The heat dissipation and cleaning systems operate independently, leading to redundant investment in equipment and piping, and preventing synergistic optimization—for example, using cleaning water to simultaneously enhance heat dissipation during high-temperature periods, or using filtered cooling cleaning fluid for cleaning during the heat dissipation cycle. Furthermore, existing systems are mostly controlled by simple timers or manual start / stop, lacking the ability to intelligently adjust based on the actual temperature of the photovoltaic modules and the amount of cooling cleaning fluid, making it difficult to achieve a balance between energy saving and efficient operation.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a photovoltaic module support framework that can highly integrate heat dissipation and cleaning functions, has intelligent control capabilities, and enables automated operation and maintenance, in order to solve the many shortcomings of the existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a photovoltaic module support frame that integrates heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails. It aims to solve the problems of independent design of photovoltaic module heat dissipation and self-cleaning structure, inability to recycle cooling cleaning fluid, uneven cleaning of glass surface, and easy high temperature failure of junction box.

[0008] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the first aspect of this invention proposes a photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails, comprising: The main frame is used to support the photovoltaic modules; A liquid storage tank is used to store cooling cleaning fluid; A heat dissipation channel, integrated on the main frame, is connected to the liquid storage tank and is used to circulate cooling cleaning fluid to absorb the heat generated by the photovoltaic module. The self-cleaning guide rail is integrated on the frame body, communicates with the heat dissipation channel, and is provided with at least one nozzle for spraying cooling cleaning fluid onto the surface of the photovoltaic module for cleaning. A water pump is connected between the liquid storage tank and the heat dissipation channel to drive the circulation of the cooling cleaning fluid; A heat-conducting component, installed within the frame body, is used to conduct the heat generated by the photovoltaic module to the heat dissipation channel; An intelligent temperature control and automatic liquid replenishment system, comprising a temperature sensor, a liquid level sensor, a controller, and a liquid replenishment unit; It also includes a rainwater collection unit, which is set at the bottom or side of the main frame and connected to the liquid storage tank to collect rainwater and automatically replenish the liquid storage tank. The controller is also connected to a dust sensor or image recognition module to detect the surface cleanliness of the photovoltaic module and automatically start or adjust the cleaning mode based on the detection results. The temperature sensor is installed at the bottom of the heat-conducting component or the battery cell to monitor the temperature of the photovoltaic module in real time; The liquid level sensor is installed inside the liquid storage tank to monitor the liquid level of the cooling cleaning fluid in real time. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the liquid level sensor and the water pump respectively; The replenishment unit is connected to the storage tank and its on / off state is controlled by the controller.

[0009] Optionally, the heat dissipation channel includes a flow pipe, which is fixed to the bottom of the frame body. One end of the flow pipe is connected to the output end of the water pump through a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to a distribution box. The self-cleaning guide rail includes a distribution box and a nozzle. The nozzle is installed in the distribution box and is located on the top side of the frame body. The inner wall of the flow tube is provided with microstructured heat-conducting ribs or spiral flow channels to enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling cleaning fluid and the tube wall.

[0010] Optionally, a sliding frame is slidably connected inside the liquid storage tank, a plurality of filter plates are fixedly installed inside the sliding frame, and a handle is fixedly installed on one side of the sliding frame; The nozzle is a replaceable module, supporting one or more of atomizing nozzles, high-pressure water jet nozzles, or pulse nozzles. The controller automatically switches nozzle types or uses them in combination according to the cleaning mode.

[0011] Optionally, a connecting hole is provided in the frame body, one end of which is connected to the liquid storage tank for cooling cleaning fluid return; The inner wall of the main frame is also equipped with a guide plate to guide the cleaned sewage to the filtration unit or the storage tank, and form a circulating water path with the rainwater collection unit.

[0012] Optionally, a back plate is fixedly installed inside the frame body near the bottom, and a glass is fixedly installed inside the frame body near the top. A film layer and a battery cell are sequentially provided at the bottom of the glass. The glass surface is provided with a hydrophobic coating, and the bottom of the flow channel is provided with a drainage hole for guiding clean or rainwater to the rainwater collection unit.

[0013] Optionally, the heat-conducting assembly includes a heat-spreading plate and a heat-conducting element. The heat-spreading plate is bonded to the bottom of the battery cell, and the heat-conducting element is fixedly installed at the bottom of the heat-spreading plate. The heat-spreading plate passes through the back plate and extends into the flow tube.

[0014] Optionally, a flow channel is fixedly installed on the glass surface, and the inner wall of the flow channel has a rounded arc surface.

[0015] Optionally, a connecting rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame body, and a junction box is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod. The junction box is in contact with the bottom of one of the flow pipes, and a heat-conducting layer is provided at the contact position. The junction box is equipped with a temperature monitoring module that communicates with the controller and is used to trigger local cooling or cleaning of the nozzles when the temperature is abnormal.

[0016] Optionally, the water pump is fixedly installed on one side of the liquid storage tank, and the connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the water pump input end.

[0017] Optionally, the replenishment unit includes a replenishment pipe and a solenoid valve. One end of the replenishment pipe is connected to an external water source, and the other end is connected to a storage tank. The solenoid valve is installed on the replenishment pipe and is electrically connected to the controller. The replenishment unit also includes a water quality detection module, which monitors the conductivity or turbidity of the replenished cooling and cleaning fluid, and triggers an alarm or automatically replaces the cooling and cleaning fluid when the conductivity or turbidity exceeds the limit.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The photovoltaic module support frame of this invention, integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails, integrates the heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails into the same main frame, sharing a liquid storage tank, water pump, and cooling cleaning fluid circulation system, thus achieving integrated heat dissipation and cleaning functions. Compared to the existing technology where heat dissipation and cleaning systems are set up separately, this significantly reduces pipeline laying and redundant equipment investment, lowers manufacturing costs, and makes installation more convenient. Furthermore, by combining temperature sensors, liquid level sensors, dust sensors / image recognition modules, and a controller, it achieves adaptive control based on temperature and cleanliness. When the temperature is too high or dust accumulation exceeds the standard, the controller automatically adjusts the water pump speed and switches the nozzle mode to ensure heat dissipation and cleaning effects while avoiding energy waste. This achieves intelligent operation and maintenance through multi-parameter fusion.

[0019] 2. The photovoltaic module support frame of this invention, which integrates heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails, is equipped with a rainwater collection unit connected to a liquid storage tank, and features a liquid level sensor and a solenoid valve, enabling intelligent switching between automatic rainwater replenishment and external water source replenishment. This invention combines rainwater harvesting with the heat dissipation system, significantly reducing water consumption and achieving green energy saving.

[0020] 3. The photovoltaic module support frame of this invention, which integrates heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails, increases the heat exchange area and turbulence between the cooling cleaning fluid and the pipe wall by setting microstructured heat-conducting ribs or spiral guide grooves on the inner wall of the flow pipe, thereby enhancing heat transfer. The heat-conducting components are made of high thermal conductivity composite materials or phase change materials, which have a thermal buffering function, can smooth temperature fluctuations, and improve heat dissipation stability.

[0021] 4. The photovoltaic module support frame of this invention, integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails, features a replaceable modular nozzle design that supports multiple modes such as atomization, high-pressure water jet, and pulse. The controller can automatically select or combine modes according to cleaning needs. The filter plate uses a drawer-type sliding frame for easy cleaning and replacement, ensuring the cleanliness of the cooling cleaning fluid and extending system life. Existing technologies have fixed nozzle structures, which cannot flexibly adapt to different cleaning scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a bottom schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to the present invention. Figure 5This invention provides a photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails. Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the solar cells and the heat spreader of the photovoltaic module support frame that integrates heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a system structure block diagram of the photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Frame body; 11. Glass; 12. Flow channel; 13. Adhesive film layer; 14. Battery cell; 15. Heat spreader; 16. Heat-conducting component; 17. Back plate; 18. Flow guide plate; 19. Connecting hole; 2. Liquid storage tank; 21. Sliding frame; 22. Handle; 23. Filter plate; 3. Connecting pipe; 31. Water pump; 32. Flow pipe; 33. Diverter box; 34. Nozzle; 4. Connecting rod; 41. Junction box; 42. Heat-conducting layer; 5. Temperature sensor; 6. Liquid level sensor; 7. Controller; 81. Liquid replenishment pipe; 82. Solenoid valve; 9. Rainwater collection unit.

[0024] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0025] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-7An embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails, including a frame body 1 and a liquid storage tank 2; a heat dissipation and cleaning mechanism installed between the liquid storage tank 2 and the frame body 1, the heat dissipation and cleaning mechanism using a water pump 31 to deliver cooling cleaning fluid from the liquid storage tank 2 to cool the internal structure of the frame body 1 and to clean it; and a heat conduction component installed inside the frame body 1 to dissipate the heat accumulated inside the frame body 1. The heat dissipation and cleaning mechanism includes a connecting pipe 3, a flow pipe 32, a distribution box 33, and a nozzle 34. The water pump 31 is fixedly installed on one side of the liquid storage tank 2, the connecting pipe 3 is fixedly installed at the input end of the water pump 31, the flow pipe 32 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame body 1, one end of the flow pipe 32 is connected to the output end of the water pump 31, the distribution box 33 is fixedly installed at the other end of the flow pipe 32, and the nozzle 34 is fixedly installed inside the distribution box 33, with the nozzle 34 located at the top of one side of the frame body 1. It also includes a rainwater collection unit 9, which is set at the bottom or side of the frame body 1 and connected to the liquid storage tank 2, for collecting rainwater and automatically replenishing the liquid storage tank 2; the controller 7 is also connected to a dust sensor or image recognition module for detecting the surface cleanliness of the photovoltaic module and automatically starting or adjusting the cleaning mode according to the detection results.

[0028] The main frame 1, serving as the skeleton of the entire system, is preferably made of aluminum alloy profiles, combining structural strength and thermal conductivity. Its dimensions can be customized according to the specifications of the photovoltaic modules to be installed. The device simultaneously cools and cleans the photovoltaic modules through an intelligently controlled cooling and cleaning fluid circulation system.

[0029] The power and storage core of this system lies in the liquid storage tank 2 and the water pump 31 connected to it. The liquid storage tank 2 is used to store the cooling cleaning fluid, which can be deionized water or a mixture with added antifreeze and surfactants to adapt to different climatic conditions and improve cleaning effect. The input end of the water pump 31 is connected to the liquid storage tank 2 through the connecting pipe 3, and its output end is connected to the heat dissipation channel integrated on the frame body 1, thereby driving the cooling cleaning fluid to circulate throughout the system.

[0030] To precisely control the heat dissipation and cleaning process, the system is equipped with an intelligent temperature control and automatic liquid replenishment system. This system includes a temperature sensor 5, a liquid level sensor 6, a controller 7, and a liquid replenishment unit. The temperature sensor 5 is installed at the bottom of the heat-conducting component or battery cell 14, directly sensing the temperature of the core heat source, rather than the ambient temperature, thus achieving faster response and higher control accuracy. The liquid level sensor 6 is placed in the liquid storage tank 2, monitoring the amount of cooling cleaning fluid in real time. The controller 7 (typically a microcontroller or programmable logic controller) acts as the brain of the entire system, receiving signals from various sensors and controlling the speed of the water pump 31 and the on / off state of the liquid replenishment unit according to preset logic.

[0031] Specifically, its intelligent control logic is as follows: When the temperature monitored by temperature sensor 5 exceeds the first preset threshold (e.g., 65°C), controller 7 determines that the photovoltaic module is in an overheated state and then controls water pump 31 to increase its speed, accelerating the flow of cooling cleaning fluid in the heat dissipation channel, thereby quickly removing heat. When the temperature drops below the second preset threshold (e.g., 40°C), controller 7 instructs water pump 31 to reduce its speed or enter standby mode to save energy and reduce unnecessary mechanical losses. On the other hand, when liquid level sensor 6 detects that the liquid level in storage tank 2 is lower than the third preset threshold (e.g., 20% of the capacity of storage tank 2), controller 7 automatically activates the liquid replenishment unit to replenish cooling cleaning fluid into storage tank 2 until the liquid level returns to normal, ensuring that the system always has enough cooling cleaning fluid for circulation and cleaning operations, realizing unattended automatic operation and maintenance.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation channel specifically includes a flow pipe 32. The flow pipe 32 is preferably fixed to the bottom of the frame body 1 and arranged along the extension direction of the frame to maximize the contact area with the frame body 1 and improve heat exchange efficiency. One end of the flow pipe 32 is connected to the output end of the water pump 31 via a connecting pipe 3, and the other end is connected to a distribution box 33. The distribution box 33 not only serves as a collection and redistribution node for the cooling cleaning fluid, but it is also a key component of the self-cleaning guide rail. The inner wall of the flow pipe 32 is provided with microstructured heat-conducting ribs or spiral guide grooves to enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling cleaning fluid and the pipe wall.

[0033] Specifically, at least one nozzle 34 is installed inside or at the outlet of the distribution box 33. This nozzle 34 is located on the top side of one side of the frame body 1, and its spray direction is towards the glass 11 surface of the photovoltaic module. When cleaning is required, the controller 7 can activate the water pump 31, causing high-pressure cooling cleaning fluid to be sprayed from the nozzle 34, flushing away dust and dirt along the glass 11 surface. It should be noted that the spray angle and orifice diameter of the nozzle 34 can be designed according to actual cleaning needs; for example, a fan-shaped nozzle can be used to obtain a wider coverage area.

[0034] As a further optimization, refer to Figure 1A sliding frame 21 is slidably connected inside the liquid storage tank 2. Several layers of filter plates 23 are fixedly installed inside the sliding frame 21, and a handle 22 is fixed to one side of the sliding frame 21. The drawer-type structure design makes the cleaning and replacement of the filter plates 23 extremely convenient. When the cooling cleaning fluid flows back from the surface of the photovoltaic module to the liquid storage tank 2, it will carry some dust or impurities. The filter plates 23 can effectively intercept particulate matter, preventing it from clogging the nozzle 34 or affecting the normal operation of the water pump 31. It is foreseeable that the material of the filter plate 23 can be metal mesh, sponge, or porous ceramic, selected according to the filtration accuracy requirements. The nozzle 34 is a replaceable module, supporting one or more of atomizing nozzles, high-pressure water jet nozzles, or pulse nozzles. The controller 7 automatically switches the nozzle type or uses a combination of them according to the cleaning mode.

[0035] To ensure effective return of the coolant cleaning fluid, such as Figure 3 As shown, a connecting hole 19 is provided inside the frame body 1. One end of the connecting hole 19 is connected to the liquid storage tank 2, providing a channel for the cooling cleaning fluid to return to the liquid storage tank 2. More optimally, a guide plate 18 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the frame body 1. The guide plate 18 is located on one side of the connecting hole 19, and its inclined surface can guide the cooling cleaning fluid flowing along the inner wall of the frame to the inlet of the connecting hole 19, effectively preventing the cooling cleaning fluid from accumulating in the corners of the frame and improving the return efficiency. The inner wall of the frame body (1) is also provided with a guide plate 18, which is used to guide the cleaned sewage to the filter unit or the liquid storage tank 2, and form a circulating water path with the rainwater collection unit 9.

[0036] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 This invention demonstrates a typical installation structure of a photovoltaic module within a frame body 1. A backplate 17 is fixedly installed near the bottom of the frame body 1, while a glass 11 is fixedly installed on the top. Between the glass 11 and the backplate 17, an adhesive film layer 13 (such as EVA film) and solar cells 14 are sequentially stacked, forming a common photovoltaic laminate. To efficiently dissipate the heat generated by the solar cells 14, this invention employs a specific heat-conducting component. This component includes a heat spreader 15 and a heat-conducting element 16. The heat spreader 15 is preferably a graphite sheet or thin metal plate with high thermal conductivity, which is bonded over a large area to the bottom of the solar cells 14, enabling rapid and uniform diffusion of heat from point heat sources. The heat-conducting element 16 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the heat spreader 15 and extends through the backplate 17, directly into the interior of the flow tube 32 or tightly fitted to the outer wall of the flow tube 32. This creates a direct heat conduction path from the heat source to the cooling cleaning fluid, significantly reducing thermal resistance. To ensure airtightness, the connection between the heat-conducting component 16 and the back plate 17 should be sealed, for example, using sealant or a rubber ring. The surface of the glass 11 is provided with a hydrophobic coating, and the bottom of the flow channel 12 is provided with a drainage hole for guiding clean or rainwater to the rainwater collection unit 9.

[0037] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, a flow channel 12 is also fixedly installed on the surface of the glass 11. The flow channel 12 is located at the edge of the surface of the glass 11 or on a specific flow path, and its inner wall has a rounded arc surface. When the cleaning water or rainwater sprayed by the nozzle 34 flows on the surface of the glass 11, the flow channel 12 can collect the water flow and guide it to be discharged in an orderly manner. At the same time, the rounded arc surface design helps to reduce water stains and dust accumulation.

[0038] Furthermore, considering that junction box 41 is also a significant heat source in the photovoltaic system, this framework also provides a heat dissipation solution for it. For example... Figure 2 As shown, a connecting rod 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame body 1, and a junction box 41 is fixed to one end of the connecting rod 4. Importantly, the junction box 41 is configured to contact the bottom of one of the flow pipes 32, and a heat-conducting layer 42 is provided at the contact point. This heat-conducting layer 42 can be thermal grease, thermal pads, etc., used to fill the tiny gaps in the contact surface, ensuring that heat can be effectively conducted from the junction box 41 to the flow pipe 32 and carried away by the circulating cooling cleaning fluid, thereby extending the service life of the junction box 41 and its internal electronic components. The junction box 41 is equipped with a temperature monitoring module, which communicates with the controller 7, and is used to trigger local cooling or cleaning of the nozzle 34 when the temperature is abnormal.

[0039] Regarding the specific installation methods for each component, Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the water pump 31 is directly and fixedly installed on one side of the liquid storage tank 2, which helps to reduce pipeline length and fluid resistance. The connecting pipe 3 is fixedly installed at the input end of the water pump 31 to ensure reliable connection. For a detailed implementation of the liquid replenishment unit, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 5 The system includes a replenishment pipe 81 and a solenoid valve 82. One end of the replenishment pipe 81 is connected to an external water source (such as a tap water network or an external water tank), and the other end is connected to the storage tank 2. The solenoid valve 82 is mounted on the replenishment pipe 81 and is electrically connected to the controller 7. When the controller 7 receives a low liquid level signal from the liquid level sensor 6, it sends a command to the solenoid valve 82 to open it, automatically replenishing the cooling cleaning fluid into the storage tank 2. The replenishment unit also includes a water quality detection module for monitoring the conductivity or turbidity of the replenished cooling cleaning fluid, and triggering an alarm or automatically replacing the cooling cleaning fluid when the levels exceed the limits.

[0040] In practical applications, after startup, the water pump 31 draws cooling cleaning fluid from the storage tank 2, pressurizes it through the connecting pipe 3, and sends it into the heat dissipation channel integrated at the bottom of the frame body 1. During the flow process, the cooling cleaning fluid absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic module through the heat-conducting components: first, the heat spreader 15 is bonded to the bottom of the solar cell 14 over a large area, evenly dispersing the point heat source; then, the heat-conducting component 16 penetrates the back plate 17 to conduct the heat to the cooling cleaning fluid in the flow pipe 32, thus constructing an efficient heat conduction path from the heat source to the cooling cleaning fluid. To further enhance heat exchange, the inner wall of the flow pipe 32 is provided with microstructured heat-conducting ribs or spiral guide grooves to increase the degree of turbulence and the heat exchange area. After absorbing heat, the cooling cleaning fluid flows into the distribution box 33, and then flows back to the storage tank 2 through the connecting hole 19 and the guide plate 18, completing the heat dissipation cycle.

[0041] Meanwhile, the system achieves precise regulation through intelligent temperature control and automatic liquid replenishment: temperature sensor 5 monitors the bottom temperature of the solar cell 14 in real time, liquid level sensor 6 monitors the liquid level in the storage tank 2, and dust sensor 10 or image recognition module detects the cleanliness of the photovoltaic module surface; controller 7 integrates the above signals and automatically adjusts the speed of water pump 31 and controls cleaning and liquid replenishment actions. When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, controller 7 increases the speed of water pump 31 to accelerate heat dissipation; when the temperature drops back to the normal range, it reduces the speed or stops to save energy. When the cleanliness detection value exceeds the standard or reaches the preset cleaning cycle, controller 7 starts the self-cleaning mode: the cooling cleaning fluid pressurized by water pump 31 is delivered to nozzle 34 through the distribution box 33 and sprayed from the top of one side of the frame body 1 onto the surface of glass 11; nozzle 34 supports atomization, high-pressure water jet or pulse mode, and controller 7 can automatically switch or combine them according to the type of stain. After cleaning, the wastewater flows along the surface of the glass 11 and is guided by the flow channel 12 and the guide plate 20 to the filter plate 23 for impurity interception. The filtered cooling cleaning liquid re-enters the storage tank 2 for recycling.

[0042] When the liquid level sensor 6 detects insufficient cooling cleaning fluid in the storage tank 2, the controller 7 prioritizes the activation of the rainwater collection unit 9 for replenishment. If rainfall is insufficient, the solenoid valve 82 controls the replenishment pipe 81 to introduce external water, and the water quality detection module monitors the conductivity or turbidity of the replenished fluid to prevent inferior water from damaging the system. Furthermore, the junction box 41 contacts the flow pipe 32 via the heat-conducting layer 42, and its built-in temperature monitoring module can trigger local cooling of the nozzle 34 when the temperature is abnormal, ensuring the safe operation of electrical components. The controller 7 is also connected to wind speed and light sensors to comprehensively assess environmental conditions. For example, when high temperatures are present and cleaning is required, cleaning and heat dissipation can be simultaneously initiated to enhance the cooling effect, or cleaning can be paused when the wind speed is high to prevent water mist from dispersing. This achieves adaptive and collaborative optimization under all operating conditions, reaching the goal of unattended, on-demand, and highly efficient operation and maintenance.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails, characterized in that, include: The main frame (1) is used to support the photovoltaic modules; Storage tank (2) is used to store cooling cleaning fluid; The heat dissipation channel is integrated on the frame body (1) and communicates with the liquid storage tank (2) for circulating cooling cleaning fluid to absorb the heat generated by the photovoltaic module; The self-cleaning guide rail is integrated on the frame body (1), communicates with the heat dissipation channel, and is provided with at least one nozzle (34) for spraying cooling cleaning liquid onto the surface of the photovoltaic module for cleaning. A water pump (31) is connected between the liquid storage tank (2) and the heat dissipation channel to drive the circulation of the cooling cleaning fluid; A heat-conducting component is installed inside the frame body (1) to conduct the heat generated by the photovoltaic module to the heat dissipation channel; The intelligent temperature control and automatic liquid replenishment system includes a temperature sensor (5), a liquid level sensor (6), a controller (7), and a liquid replenishment unit; It also includes a rainwater collection unit (9), which is set at the bottom or side of the frame body (1) and connected to the liquid storage tank (2) to collect rainwater and automatically replenish the liquid storage tank (2). The controller (7) is also connected to a dust sensor or image recognition module to detect the surface cleanliness of the photovoltaic module and automatically start or adjust the cleaning mode according to the detection results; The temperature sensor (5) is installed at the bottom of the heat-conducting component or the battery cell (14) for real-time monitoring of the temperature of the photovoltaic module; The liquid level sensor (6) is installed in the liquid storage tank (2) to monitor the liquid level of the cooling cleaning fluid in real time; The controller (7) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (5), the liquid level sensor (6), and the water pump (31) respectively; The replenishment unit is connected to the storage tank (2) and its on / off state is controlled by the controller (7).

2. The photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation channel includes a flow pipe (32), which is fixed to the bottom of the frame body (1). One end of the flow pipe (32) is connected to the output end of the water pump (31) through a connecting pipe (3), and the other end is connected to a distribution box (33). The self-cleaning guide rail includes a distribution box (33) and a nozzle (34). The nozzle (34) is installed in the distribution box (33) and is located on the top of one side of the frame body (1). The inner wall of the flow tube (32) is provided with microstructure heat-conducting ribs or spiral flow channels to enhance the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling cleaning fluid and the tube wall.

3. The photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to claim 2, characterized in that, A sliding frame (21) is slidably connected inside the liquid storage tank (2), and a number of filter plates (23) are fixedly installed inside the sliding frame (21). A handle (22) is fixedly installed on one side of the sliding frame (21). The nozzle (34) is a replaceable module that supports one or more of atomizing nozzles, high-pressure water jet nozzles or pulse nozzles. The controller (7) automatically switches nozzle types or uses them in combination according to the cleaning mode.

4. The photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frame body (1) has a connecting hole (19) inside, one end of which is connected to the liquid storage tank (2) for cooling the cleaning fluid to flow back; The inner wall of the frame body (1) is also provided with a guide plate (18) to guide the cleaned sewage to the filter unit or the storage tank (2) and form a circulating water path with the rainwater collection unit (9).

5. The photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to claim 2, characterized in that, A back plate (17) is fixedly installed inside the frame body (1) near the bottom side, and a glass (11) is fixedly installed inside the frame body (1) near the top side. A film layer (13) and a battery cell (14) are sequentially provided at the bottom of the glass (11). The glass (11) surface is provided with a hydrophobic coating, and the bottom of the flow channel (12) is provided with a drainage hole for guiding clean or rainwater to the rainwater collection unit (9).

6. The photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat-conducting assembly includes a heat-spreading plate (15) and a heat-conducting component (16). The heat-spreading plate (15) is bonded to the bottom of the battery cell (14), and the heat-conducting component (16) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the heat-spreading plate (15). The heat-spreading plate (15) passes through the back plate (17) and extends into the flow tube (32).

7. The photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to claim 5, characterized in that, A flow channel (12) is fixedly installed on the surface of the glass (11), and the inner wall of the flow channel (12) is provided with a rounded arc surface.

8. The photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to claim 2, characterized in that, A connecting rod (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame body (1). A junction box (41) is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod (4). The junction box (41) is in contact with the bottom of one of the flow pipes (32), and a heat-conducting layer (42) is provided at the contact position. The junction box (41) is equipped with a temperature monitoring module, which is connected to the controller (7) for triggering the nozzle (34) to locally cool or clean when the temperature is abnormal.

9. The photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water pump (31) is fixedly installed on one side of the liquid storage tank (2), and the connecting pipe (3) is fixedly installed at the input end of the water pump (31).

10. The photovoltaic module support frame integrating heat dissipation channels and self-cleaning guide rails according to claim 2, characterized in that, The replenishment unit includes a replenishment pipe (81) and a solenoid valve (82). One end of the replenishment pipe (81) is connected to an external water source, and the other end is connected to a storage tank (2). The solenoid valve (82) is installed on the replenishment pipe (81) and is electrically connected to the controller (7). The replenishment unit also includes a water quality detection module, which monitors the conductivity or turbidity of the replenished cooling and cleaning fluid, and triggers an alarm or automatically replaces the cooling and cleaning fluid when the conductivity or turbidity exceeds the standard.

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