Electronic device and method for setting uplink reference signals

Abstract

According to one embodiment, a method performed by an apparatus of a base station can include an operation of determining a first frequency domain of a reference signal in an extended frequency domain of frequency domain spectral shaping (FDSS) based on a quality of communication of a channel between the base station and a terminal. The method can include an operation of transmitting resource allocation information about a second frequency domain used for a data signal in the extended frequency domain to the terminal, an operation of receiving an uplink signal including the reference signal and the data signal configured based on the FDSS through the extended frequency domain, an operation of performing channel estimation for the second frequency domain through the reference signal received via the first frequency domain, and an operation of acquiring the data signal according to a result of the channel estimation for the second frequency domain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to an electronic device and method for setting uplink reference signals. Background Technology

[0002] To achieve higher output power with a waveform having a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) is used for the uplink signal. Even when using DFT-S-OFDM, PAPR may increase depending on the modulation scheme.

[0003] The information described above is provided as relevant technology for the purpose of aiding understanding of this disclosure. No argument or decision is made regarding whether anything described above can be used as prior art in connection with this disclosure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] [Technical Solution]

[0005] According to an embodiment, a base station device may include a transceiver, a memory storing instructions, and a processor. When executed by the processor, the instructions may cause the device to determine a first frequency domain for a reference signal in an extended frequency domain of Frequency Domain Spectrum Shaping (FDSS) based on the communication quality of the channel between the base station and a terminal. When executed by the processor, the instructions may cause the device to send resource allocation information to the terminal related to a second frequency domain in the extended frequency domain for data signals. When executed by the processor, the instructions may cause the device to receive an uplink signal based on an FDSS configuration and including both the reference signal and the data signal via the extended frequency domain. When executed by the processor, the instructions may cause the device to perform channel estimation for the second frequency domain using the reference signal received via the first frequency domain. When executed by the processor, the instructions may cause the device to obtain the data signal based on the result of the channel estimation for the second frequency domain.

[0006] According to an embodiment, a method performed by a device at a base station may include: determining a first frequency domain for a reference signal in an extended frequency domain of frequency domain spectral shaping (FDSS) based on the communication quality of the channel between the base station and a terminal. The method may include sending resource allocation information to the terminal related to a second frequency domain in the extended frequency domain for a data signal. The method may include receiving an uplink signal configured based on FDSS and including both the reference signal and the data signal via the extended frequency domain. The method may include performing channel estimation for the second frequency domain using the reference signal received via the first frequency domain. The method may include obtaining the data signal based on the result of the channel estimation for the second frequency domain.

[0007] According to an embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may store one or more programs. The one or more programs may include instructions that, when executed by a processor of a device at a base station, cause the device to determine a first frequency domain for a reference signal in an extended frequency domain of frequency domain spectral shaping (FDSS) based on the communication quality of the channel between the base station and a terminal. The one or more programs may include instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the device to send resource allocation information to the terminal related to a second frequency domain in the extended frequency domain for a data signal. The one or more programs may include instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the device to receive an uplink signal configured based on FDSS and including both a reference signal and a data signal in the extended frequency domain. The one or more programs may include instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the device to perform channel estimation for the second frequency domain using the reference signal received via the first frequency domain. The one or more programs may include instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the device to obtain a data signal based on the result of the channel estimation for the second frequency domain. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 A wireless communication system is shown.

[0009] Figure 2A The fronthaul interface is shown.

[0010] Figure 2B The fronthaul interface of the Open (O) Radio Access Network (RAN) is shown.

[0011] Figure 3A The functional configuration of the Distributed Unit (DU) is shown.

[0012] Figure 3B The functional structure of the radio unit (RU) is shown.

[0013] Figure 4 An example of functional division between DU and RU is shown.

[0014] Figure 5 An example of a time-frequency domain resource structure supported by a wireless communication system is shown.

[0015] Figure 6 An example of a channel in a communication standard is shown.

[0016] Figure 7 An example of the operation of a transmitting device for performing Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) based on Frequency Domain Spectrum Shaping (FDSS) is shown.

[0017] Figure 8A and Figure 8BA graph is shown to represent the reduced performance of PAPR based on FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM.

[0018] Figure 9 An example of the operation of a receiving device for receiving signals configured via FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM is shown.

[0019] Figure 10 An example of the operation of a base station and a terminal for determining the frequency domain and power of a transmitted reference signal is shown.

[0020] Figure 11 An example of the operation of a base station and terminal for transmitting uplink signals, including reference signals and data signals, is shown.

[0021] Figure 12A , 12B The figures 12C and 12C show an example of the size of the first frequency domain.

[0022] Figure 13 An example of the operation of a base station for determining the first frequency domain for a reference signal is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of another embodiment. Singular expressions may include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms used herein (including technical or scientific terms) may have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art as described in this disclosure. Among the terms used in this disclosure, unless expressly defined herein, terms defined in a general dictionary may be interpreted as having the same or similar meaning as in the context of related art and are not to be interpreted as having an ideal or overly formal meaning. In some cases, even terms defined in this disclosure may not be construed as excluding embodiments of this disclosure.

[0024] In the various embodiments of this disclosure described below, hardware methods will be described as examples. However, since the various embodiments of this disclosure include techniques using both hardware and software, software-based methods are not excluded.

[0025] For ease of description, the following description exemplifies terms referring to signals (e.g., signal, information, message, or signaling), resources (e.g., symbol, time slot, subframe, radio frame, subcarrier, resource element (RE), resource block (RB), bandwidth portion (BWP), or timing), operational states (e.g., step, operation, or process), data (e.g., packet, user stream, information, bit, symbol, or codeword), channels, network entities, and components of devices. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the terms described below, and other terms with equivalent technical meanings may be used.

[0026] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the terms "greater than" or "less than" are used to determine whether a particular condition is met or fulfilled, but this is merely a description of examples and does not exclude descriptions of "greater than or equal to" or "less than or equal to". A condition described as "greater than or equal to" can be replaced by "greater than", a condition described as "less than or equal to" can be replaced by "less than", and a condition described as "greater than or equal to and less than" can be replaced by "greater than and less than or equal to". Additionally, hereinafter, "A" to "B" refers to at least one of the elements from A (inclusive) to B (inclusive). hereinafter, 'C' and / or 'D' means including at least one of 'C' or 'D', i.e., {'C', 'D', and 'C' and 'D'}.

[0027] Although this disclosure uses terms used in some communication standards (e.g., 3GPP, xRAN, O-RAN) to describe various embodiments, these are merely examples for illustrative purposes. Various embodiments of this disclosure can be readily modified and applied to other communication systems.

[0028] Figure 1 A wireless communication system is shown.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 Base station 110 and terminal 120 are shown as part of a node utilizing a wireless channel in a wireless communication system. Figure 1 Only one base station is shown, but the wireless communication system may also include another base station that is the same as or similar to base station 110.

[0030] Base station 110 is a network infrastructure that provides wireless access to terminal 120. Base station 110 has a coverage range defined based on the distance at which signals can be transmitted. In addition to "base station", base station 110 may also be referred to as "access point (AP)", "eNodeB (eNB)", "fifth generation node", "next generation nodeB (gNB)", "wireless point", "transmit / receive point (TRP)" or other terms with equivalent technical meanings.

[0031] Terminal 120, used as a user device, communicates with base station 110 via a wireless channel. The link from base station 110 to terminal 120 is called the downlink (DL), and the link from terminal 120 to base station 110 is called the uplink (UL). Additionally, although in Figure 1 Not shown, but terminal 120 and another terminal can communicate with each other via a wireless channel. In this case, the link between terminal 120 and the other terminal (device-to-device link (D2D)) is called a side link, and the side link can be used interchangeably with the PC5 interface. In some other embodiments, terminal 120 can be operated without user intervention. According to embodiments, terminal 120, as a device performing machine-type communication (MTC), may not be carried by the user. Additionally, according to embodiments, terminal 120 can be a narrowband (NB)-Internet of Things (IoT) device.

[0032] In addition to “terminal”, terminal 120 may also be referred to as “user equipment (UE)”, “customer premises equipment (CPE)”, “mobile station”, “subscriber station”, “remote terminal”, “wireless terminal”, “electronic device”, “user equipment” or other terms with equivalent technical meaning.

[0033] Base station 110 can perform beamforming with terminal 120. Base station 110 and terminal 120 can transmit and receive radio signals in relatively low frequency bands (e.g., NR frequency range 1 (FR 1)). Additionally, base station 110 and terminal 120 can transmit and receive radio signals in relatively high frequency bands (e.g., FR 2 (or FR 2-1, FR 2-2, FR 2-3) or FR 3) and millimeter-wave frequency bands (e.g., 28 GHz, 30 GHz, 38 GHz, 60 GHz). Base station 110 and terminal 120 can perform beamforming to improve channel gain. Here, beamforming can include transmit beamforming and receive beamforming. Base station 110 and terminal 120 can provide directionality to the transmitted or received signals. To this end, base station 110 and terminal 120 can select a serving beam through a beam search or beam management process. After the serving beam is selected, subsequent communication can be performed using resources that are in a QCL relationship with the resource transmitting the serving beam.

[0034] If the large-scale characteristics of the channel carrying symbols at the first antenna port can be inferred from the channel carrying symbols at the second antenna port, then the QCL relationship between the first and second antenna ports can be evaluated. For example, large-scale characteristics may include at least one of delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and spatial receiver parameters.

[0035] although Figure 1 The description describes both base station 110 and terminal 120 performing beamforming, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this. In some embodiments, the terminal may or may not perform beamforming. Furthermore, the base station may or may not perform beamforming. That is, only one of the base station and the terminal may perform beamforming, or both the base station and the terminal may not perform beamforming.

[0036] In this disclosure, a beam refers to the spatial flow of signals in a wireless channel and is formed by one or more antennas (or antenna elements), and the forming process may be referred to as beamforming. Beamforming may include at least one of analog beamforming or digital beamforming (e.g., precoding). Reference signals transmitted based on beamforming may include, for example, demodulation reference signals (DM-RS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH), and sounding reference signals (SRS). Additionally, an IE such as a CSI-RS resource or an SRS resource may be used as a configuration for each reference signal, and this configuration may include beam-associated information. The beam-associated information may indicate whether the corresponding configuration (e.g., a CSI-RS resource) uses the same spatial domain filter as another configuration (e.g., another CSI-RS resource within the same CSI-RS resource set) or a different spatial domain filter, or which reference signal it is quasi-co-located (QCL) with, and if so, what type it is (e.g., QCL type A, B, C, D).

[0037] Traditionally, in communication systems with relatively large base station cell radii, each base station is installed to include functions of a digital processing unit (or distributed unit (DU)) and a radio frequency (RF) processing unit (or radio unit (RU)). However, with the use of high-frequency bands in fourth-generation (4G) and / or subsequent communication systems (e.g., 5G) and the shrinking cell coverage of base stations, the number of base stations covering a specific area has increased. This has also increased the installation cost burden for operators. To minimize base station installation costs, a structure has been proposed where the DU and RU of a base station are separate, one or more RUs are connected to a DU via a wired network, and one or more RUs are deployed geographically to cover a specific area. In the following sections, through... Figure 2A and Figure 2B Describes deployment structures and extended examples of base stations according to various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0038] Figure 2A The fronthaul interface is shown. Unlike the backhaul between the base station and the core network, the fronthaul refers to the link between the wireless LAN and the base station. Figure 2A An example of a fronthaul structure between a DU 210 and an RU 220 is shown, but this is for illustrative purposes only, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other words, embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to a fronthaul structure between a DU and multiple RUs. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to a fronthaul structure between a DU and two RUs. Additionally, embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to a fronthaul structure between a DU and three RUs.

[0039] refer to Figure 2A Base station 110 may include DU 210 and RU 220. Fronthaul 215 between DU 210 and RU 220 can be operated via Fx interface. For operation of fronthaul 215, an interface such as enhanced universal public radio interface (eCPRI) or Ethernet radio (ROE) can be used.

[0040] With the development of communication technology and the increase in mobile data services, the bandwidth requirements for fronthaul between digital units and radio units have increased significantly. In deployments such as centralized / cloud radio access networks (C-RAN), the DU can be implemented to perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Radio Link Control (RLC), Media Access Control (MAC), and Physical (PHY) functions, and the RU can be implemented to perform PHY layer functions in addition to radio frequency (RF) functions.

[0041] DU 210 can be responsible for the upper-layer functions of the wireless network. For example, DU 210 can perform a portion of the functions of the MAC layer and the PHY layer. In this document, "a portion of the PHY layer" refers to functions performed at a higher level within the PHY layer and may include, for example, channel coding (or channel decoding), scrambling (or descrambling), modulation (or demodulation), and layer mapping (or layer demapping). According to embodiments, if DU 210 conforms to the O-RAN standard, it can be referred to as an O-RAN DU (O-DU). As needed, in embodiments of this disclosure, DU 210 can be replaced with and represented as a first network entity for a base station (e.g., a gNB).

[0042] The RU 220 can handle lower-level functions of the wireless network. For example, the RU 220 can perform a portion of the PHY layer and RF functions. Here, "a portion of the PHY layer" refers to functions performed at a relatively lower level than the DU 210 within the PHY layer functionality, and may include, for example, inverse fast Fourier transform (iFFT) conversion (or fast Fourier transform (FFT) conversion), cyclic prefix (CP) insertion (or CP removal), and digital beamforming. Figure 4 This document describes in detail an example of such a specific functional division. RU 220 may be referred to as an Access Unit (AU), Access Point (AP), Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), Remote Radio Header End (RRH), Radio Unit (RU), or other terms with equivalent technical meanings. According to embodiments, if RU 220 conforms to the O-RAN standard, it may be referred to as an O-RAN RU (O-RU). As needed, in embodiments of this disclosure, RU 220 may be replaced with and represented as a second network entity for a base station (e.g., gNB).

[0043] although Figure 2A Base station 110 is described as including DU 210 and RU 220, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. The base station according to embodiments can be implemented in a distributed deployment based on a centralized unit (CU) configured to perform functions of the upper layers of the access network (e.g., Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Radio Resource Control (RRC)) and a distributed unit (DU) configured to perform lower-layer functions. In this case, the distributed unit (DU) may include... Figure 1 The base station consists of Digital Units (DUs) and Radio Units (RUs). Between the core network (e.g., 5G Core (5GC) or Next Generation Core (NGC)) and the Radio Access Network (RAN), the base station can be implemented with a structure in which CUs, DUs, and RUs are arranged in sequence. The interface between the CU and the Distributed Unit (DU) can be referred to as the F1 interface.

[0044] A centralized unit (CU) can be connected to one or more distributed units (DUs) to handle functions at higher layers than the DUs. For example, a CU can handle functions at the Radio Resource Control (RRC) and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layers, while DUs and RUs can handle functions at lower layers. A DU can perform some functions at the Radio Link Control (RLC), Media Access Control (MAC), and PHY layers (high PHY), while an RU can perform the remaining functions at the PHY layer (low PHY). Additionally, as an example, depending on the implementation of a distributed deployment of the base station, digital units (DUs) can be included within distributed units (DUs). Hereinafter, unless otherwise defined, it is described as the operation of digital units (DUs) and RUs; however, various embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to both base station arrangements including CUs and arrangements where DUs are directly connected to the core network (i.e., CUs and DUs are integrated into a base station as a single entity (e.g., an NG-RAN node)).

[0045] Figure 2B The fronthaul interface of an Open (O) Radio Access Network (RAN) is shown. An eNB or gNB is illustrated as a base station 110 according to a distributed deployment.

[0046] refer to Figure 2B Base station 110 may include O-DU 251 and O-RU 253-1, ... and 253-n. In the following text, for ease of explanation, the operation and function of O-RU 253-1 can be understood as a description of each other O-RU (e.g., O-RU 253-n).

[0047] O-DU 251 is included according to what will be described later. Figure 4 O-DU 251 is a logical node that controls the functions of a base station (e.g., eNB, gNB) other than those specifically allocated to O-RU 253-1. O-DU 251 can control the operation of O-RU 253-1, ..., and 253-n. O-DU 251 may be referred to as a Low Layer Split (LLS) Central Unit (CU). O-RU 253-1 includes functions as described later. Figure 4 Logical nodes representing a subset of the functions of a base station (e.g., eNB, gNB). Real-time aspects of communication with the O-RU 253-1's control plane (C-plane) and user plane (U-plane) can be controlled by the O-DU 251.

[0048] The O-DU 251 can communicate with the O-RU 253-1 via the LLS interface. The LLS interface corresponds to the fronthaul interface. The LLS interface refers to the logical interface between the O-DU 251 and O-RU 253-1 using low-level function partitioning (i.e., function partitioning within the PHY). The LLS-C between the O-DU 251 and O-RU 253-1 provides the C-plane via the LLS interface. The LLS-U between the O-DU 251 and O-RU 253-1 provides the U-plane via the LLS interface.

[0049] exist Figure 2B In this document, the entities of base station 110 have been described as O-DU and O-RU to describe O-RAN. However, these designations should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this disclosure. In the embodiments described below, the operation of DU 210 can also be performed by O-DU 251. The description of DU 210 can be applied to O-DU 251. Similarly, in the embodiments described below, the operation of RU 220 can also be performed by O-RU 253-1. The description of RU 220 can be applied to O-RU 253-1.

[0050] Figure 3A The functional configuration of the Distributed Unit (DU) is shown. Figure 3A The configuration illustrated as part of the base station can be understood as Figure 2A DU 210 (or Figure 2B The configuration of O-DU 251. In the following text, the terms "...unit" and "...device" as used below refer to a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which can be implemented by hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software.

[0051] refer to Figure 3A The DU 210 includes a transceiver 310, a memory 320, and a processor 330.

[0052] Transceiver 310 can perform functions for transmitting and receiving signals in a wired communication environment. Transceiver 310 may include a wired interface for controlling direct device-to-device connections via a transmission medium (e.g., copper wire, optical fiber). For example, transceiver 310 can transmit electrical signals to another device via copper wire, or perform conversion between electrical and optical signals. DU 210 can communicate with a wireless unit (RU) via transceiver 310. DU 210 can connect to a core network or a distributed CU via transceiver 310.

[0053] Transceiver 310 can also perform functions for transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication environment. For example, transceiver 310 can perform conversion functions between baseband signals and bit strings according to the system's physical layer specifications. For example, when transmitting data, transceiver 310 generates complex-valued symbols by encoding and modulating the transmitted bit string. Additionally, when receiving data, transceiver 310 recovers the received bit string by demodulating and decoding the baseband signal. Furthermore, transceiver 310 may include multiple transmit / receive paths. Additionally, according to embodiments, transceiver 310 may be connected to a core network or other nodes (e.g., integrated access backhaul (IAB)).

[0054] Transceiver 310 can send and receive signals. For example, transceiver 310 can send management plane (M-plane) messages. For example, transceiver 310 can send synchronization plane (S-plane) messages. For example, transceiver 310 can send control plane (C-plane) messages. For example, transceiver 310 can send user plane (U-plane) messages. For example, transceiver 310 can receive U-plane messages. Although in Figure 3A Only transceiver 310 is shown in the figure, but according to another implementation, DU 210 may include two or more transceivers.

[0055] As described above, transceiver 310 transmits and receives signals. Therefore, all or some of transceiver 310 may be referred to as a "communication unit," "transmitting unit," "receiving unit," or "transmitting / receiving unit." Furthermore, in the following description, "transmission and reception performed via a wireless channel" is used to include the meaning of the processing performed by transceiver 310 as described above.

[0056] Although Figure 3A Not shown, but transceiver 310 may also include a backhaul transceiver for connecting to the core network or another base station. The backhaul transceiver provides an interface for performing communication with other nodes in the network. In other words, the backhaul transceiver converts bit strings sent from the base station to another node (such as another access node, another base station, upper-layer nodes, and the core network) into physical signals, and converts physical signals received from another node into bit strings.

[0057] Memory 320 stores basic programs, application programs, and data such as configuration information for the operation of DU 210. Memory 320 may be referred to as a storage unit. Memory 320 may be configured with volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or a combination of volatile and non-volatile memory. Furthermore, memory 320 provides stored data according to requests from processor 330.

[0058] Processor 330 controls the overall operation of DU 210. Processor 380 can be referred to as a control unit. For example, processor 330 sends and receives signals via transceiver 310 (or via a backhaul communication unit). Furthermore, processor 330 writes and reads data from memory 320. Additionally, processor 330 can perform the functions of the protocol stack required in the communication standard. Although in Figure 3A Only processor 330 is shown in the figure, but according to another implementation, DU 210 may include two or more processors.

[0059] Figure 3A The configuration of DU 210 shown is merely an example, and examples of DUs performing embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to. Figure 3A The configuration shown is illustrated. In some embodiments, configurations can be added, deleted, or changed.

[0060] Figure 3B The functional structure of the radio unit (RU) is shown. Figure 3B The configuration illustrated as part of the base station can be understood as Figure 2B RU 220 or Figure 2B The configuration of the O-RU 253-1. In the following text, the terms "...unit" and "...device" refer to a unit that performs at least one function or operation, which can be implemented by hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software.

[0061] refer to Figure 3B The RU 220 includes an RF transceiver 360, a fronthaul transceiver 365, a memory 370, and a processor 380.

[0062] The RF transceiver 360 performs functions for transmitting and receiving signals via a wireless channel. For example, the RF transceiver 360 up-converts a baseband signal to an RF band signal and then transmits it through an antenna, and down-converts an RF band signal received through the antenna back to a baseband signal. The RF transceiver 360 may include, for example, a transmit filter, a receive filter, an amplifier, a mixer, an oscillator, a DAC, or an ADC.

[0063] RF transceiver 360 may include multiple transmit / receive paths. Furthermore, RF transceiver 360 may include antenna elements. RF transceiver 360 may include at least one antenna array composed of multiple antenna elements. In terms of hardware, RF transceiver 360 may consist of digital and analog circuitry (e.g., radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs)). Here, the digital and analog circuitry may be implemented in a single package. Furthermore, RF transceiver 360 may include multiple RF chains. RF transceiver 360 may perform beamforming. In order to provide directionality to the signals to be transmitted and received according to the settings of processor 380, RF transceiver 360 may apply beamforming weights to the signals. According to an embodiment, RF transceiver 360 may include a radio frequency (RF) block (or RF unit).

[0064] According to an embodiment, the RF transceiver 360 can transmit and receive signals on a radio access network. For example, the RF transceiver 360 can transmit downlink signals. Downlink signals may include synchronization signals (SS), reference signals (RS) (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), demodulation (DM)-RS), system information (e.g., MIB, SIB, residual system information (RMSI), other system information (OSI)), configuration messages, control information, or downlink data. Additionally, for example, the RF transceiver 360 can receive uplink signals. Uplink signals may include random access associated signals (e.g., random access preamble (RAP)) (or message 1 (Msg1), message 3 (Msg3)), reference signals (e.g., sounding reference signals (SRS), DM-RS), or power headroom reports (PHR). Although in Figure 3B Only RF transceiver 360 is shown in the figure, but according to another implementation, RU 220 may include two or more RF transceivers.

[0065] According to an embodiment, RF transceiver 460 can transmit RIM-RS. RF transceiver 460 can transmit a first type of RIM-RS (e.g., 3GPP RIM-RS type 1) to notify of detected remote interference. RF transceiver 460 can transmit a second type of RIM-RS (e.g., 3GPP RIM-RS type 2) to notify of the presence or absence of remote interference.

[0066] The fronthaul transceiver 365 can send and receive signals. According to an embodiment, the fronthaul transceiver 365 can send and receive signals on the fronthaul interface. For example, the fronthaul transceiver 365 can receive management plane (M-plane) messages. For example, the fronthaul transceiver 365 can receive synchronization plane (S-plane) messages. For example, the fronthaul transceiver 365 can receive control plane (C-plane) messages. For example, the fronthaul transceiver 365 can send user plane (U-plane) messages. For example, the fronthaul transceiver 365 can receive U-plane messages. Although in Figure 3B Only the fronthaul transceiver 365 is shown in the figure, but according to another implementation, the RU 220 may include two or more fronthaul transceivers.

[0067] As described above, RF transceiver 360 and fronthaul transceiver 365 transmit and receive signals. Therefore, all or some of RF transceiver 360 and fronthaul transceiver 365 may be referred to as a "communication unit," "transmitting unit," "receiving unit," or "transmit / receive unit." Furthermore, in the following description, "transmission and reception performed via a wireless channel" is used to include the meaning of the processing performed by RF transceiver 360 as described above.

[0068] Memory 370 stores basic programs, application programs, and data such as configuration information for the operation of RU220. Memory 370 may be referred to as a storage unit. Memory 370 may be configured with volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or a combination of volatile and non-volatile memory. Additionally, memory 370 provides stored data upon request from processor 380. According to embodiments, memory 370 may include memory for conditions, commands, or setting values ​​related to the SRS transmission scheme.

[0069] Processor 380 controls the overall operation of RU 220. Processor 380 can be referred to as a control unit. For example, processor 380 transmits and receives signals via RF transceiver 360 or fronthaul transceiver 365. Furthermore, processor 380 writes and reads data from memory 370. Additionally, processor 380 can perform the functions of the protocol stack required by the communication standard. Although in Figure 3B Only processor 380 is shown, but according to another implementation, RU 220 may include two or more processors. Processor 380, as an instruction set or code stored in memory 370, may be instructions / code that reside at least temporarily in processor 380 or storage space for stored instructions / code, or may be part of the circuitry constituting processor 380. Furthermore, processor 380 may include various modules for performing communications. Processor 380 can control RU 220 to perform operations according to embodiments described later.

[0070] Figure 3B The configuration of RU 220 shown is merely an example, and examples of RUs performing embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this. Figure 3B The configuration shown is illustrated. In some embodiments, configurations can be added, deleted, or changed.

[0071] Figure 4 An example of functional splitting between DU and RU is illustrated. With advancements in wireless communication technologies (e.g., the introduction of fifth-generation (5G) communication systems (or new radio (NR) communication systems)), the frequency bands used have further increased. As the cell radius of base stations becomes very small, the number of RUs that need to be installed has further increased. Furthermore, in 5G communication systems, with the amount of data transmitted increasing significantly by more than 10 times, the transmission capacity of the wired network sent to the fronthaul has increased significantly. Due to the above factors, the installation cost of the wired network in a 5G communication system can increase significantly. Therefore, to reduce the transmission capacity of the wired network and reduce its installation cost, a "functional split" can be used to reduce the fronthaul transmission capacity by transferring some functions of the DU's modem to the RU.

[0072] To reduce the burden on the DU, the role of the RU, which is currently only responsible for existing RF functions, can be expanded to include some physical layer functions. When the RU performs higher-layer functions, its throughput increases, which can increase the transmission bandwidth in the fronthaul while reducing latency requirements due to response processing. On the other hand, when the RU performs higher-layer functions, virtualization gain decreases and the size, weight, and cost of the RU increase. Considering the trade-offs mentioned above, optimal function partitioning is required.

[0073] Reference Figure 4 This illustrates the functional division within the physical layer below the MAC layer. When transmitting signals to the terminal's downlink (DL) via a wireless network, the base station can sequentially perform channel coding / scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, antenna mapping, RE mapping, digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), iFFT conversion / CP insertion, and RF conversion. When receiving signals from the terminal's uplink (UL) via a wireless network, the base station can sequentially perform RF conversion, FFT conversion / CP removal, digital beamforming (pre-combination), RE demapping, channel estimation, layer demapping, demodulation, and decoding / descrambling. Based on these trade-offs, the division of uplink and downlink functions can be defined in various ways depending on vendor needs, standards discussions, etc.

[0074] In the first functional partition 405, the RU performs the RF function, and the DU performs the PHY function. This first functional partition essentially ensures that the PHY function is not implemented within the RU, and as an example, it can be referred to as Option 8. In the second functional partition 410, the RU performs iFFT transformation / CP insertion in the DL of the PHY function and FFT transformation / CP removal in the UL, while the DU performs the remaining PHY function. As an example, the second functional partition 410 can be referred to as Option 7-1. In the third functional partition 420a, the RU performs iFFT transformation / CP insertion in the DL of the PHY function and FFT transformation / CP removal and digital beamforming in the UL, while the DU performs the remaining PHY function. As an example, the third functional partition 420a can be referred to as Option 7-2x Category A. In the fourth functional partition 420b, the RU performs digital beamforming in both the DL and UL, and the DU performs the upper-layer PHY function after digital beamforming. As an example, the fourth functional partition 420b can be referred to as Option 7-2x Category B. In the fifth functional partition 425, the RU performs RE mapping (or RE demapping) in both DL and UL, and the DU performs upper-layer PHY functions after RE mapping (or RE demapping). As an example, the fifth functional partition 425 can be referred to as Option 7-2. In the sixth functional partition 430, the RU performs up to modulation (or demodulation) in both DL and UL, and the DU performs upper-layer PHY functions after modulation (or demodulation). As an example, the sixth functional partition 430 can be referred to as Option 7-3. In the seventh functional partition 440, the RU performs up to encoding / scrambling (or decoding / descrambling) in both DL and UL, and the DU performs upper-layer PHY functions after modulation (or demodulation). As an example, the seventh functional partition 440 can be referred to as Option 6.

[0075] According to embodiments, in cases where a large amount of signal processing is anticipated, such as in an FR 1 MMU, a higher-level functional partitioning (e.g., fourth functional partitioning 420b) may be required to reduce fronthaul capacity. Additionally, in a very high-level functional partitioning (e.g., sixth functional partitioning 430), the implementation of the RU may be burdened due to the increased complexity of the control interface and the inclusion of multiple PHY processing blocks within the RU; therefore, a suitable functional partitioning may be required depending on the arrangement and implementation method of the DU and RU.

[0076] According to an embodiment, when precoding of data received from the DU cannot be processed (i.e., when the precoding capability of the RU is limited), a third functional partition 420a or a lower functional partition (e.g., a second functional partition 410) can be applied. Conversely, when the capability to process precoding of data received from the DU is available, a fourth functional partition 420b or a higher functional partition (e.g., a sixth functional partition 430) can be applied.

[0077] In the following description, unless otherwise stated, embodiments of this disclosure are based on either a third functional division 420a (which may be referred to as Category A (CAT-A)) or a fourth functional division 420b (which may be referred to as Category B (CAT-B)) for performing beamforming processing in an RU. In the O-RAN standard, the type of O-RU is distinguished based on whether the precoding function is located at the interface of the O-DU or the interface of the O-RU. O-RUs that do not perform precoding (i.e., low complexity) may be referred to as CAT-A O-RUs. O-RUs that perform precoding may be referred to as CAT-B O-RUs.

[0078] In the following text, "upper-layer PHY" refers to the physical layer processing handled in the DU of the fronthaul interface. For example, the upper-layer PHY may include FEC encoding / decoding, scrambling, and modulation / demodulation. In the following text, "lower-layer PHY" refers to the physical layer processing handled in the RU of the fronthaul interface. For example, the lower-layer PHY may include FFT / iFFT, digital beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction, and filtering. However, the above standard does not preclude embodiments through other functional partitions. The functional configurations, signaling, or operations of the embodiments can be applied not only to the third functional partition 420a or the fourth functional partition 420b, but also to other functional partitions.

[0079] Embodiments of this disclosure illustratively describe when in DU (e.g., Figure 2A DU 210) and RU (e.g., Figure 2A The standard eCPRI and O-RAN are used as fronthaul interfaces when sending messages between RU 220. The Ethernet payload of the message may include an eCPRI header, an O-RAN header, and additional fields. Hereinafter, the standard terminology of eCPRI or O-RAN is used to describe various embodiments of this disclosure; however, other expressions having equivalent meanings to each term may be used instead in various embodiments of this disclosure. The standard terminology of eCPRI or O-RAN is used to describe various embodiments of this disclosure, but is not limited thereto. For example, the CPRI standard may be used as a fronthaul interface in various embodiments of this disclosure.

[0080] Ethernet and eCPRI, which are easily shared with the network, can be used as the transport protocols for the fronthaul. The eCPRI header and O-RAN header can be included in the Ethernet payload. The eCPRI header can be placed before the Ethernet payload. The eCPRI header contains the following:

[0081] 1) ecpriVersion (4 bits): This parameter indicates the eCPRI protocol version.

[0082] 2) ecpriReserved (3 bits): This parameter is reserved for further use of eCPRI.

[0083] 3) ecpriConcatenation (1 bit): This parameter indicates when to use eCPRI concatenation.

[0084] 4) ecpriMessage (1 byte): This parameter indicates the type of service carried by the message type. For example, this parameter indicates an IQ data message, a real-time control data message, or a network latency measurement message.

[0085] 5) ecpriPayload (2 bytes): This parameter indicates the size of the payload portion of the eCPRI message in bytes.

[0086] 6) ecpriRtcid / ecpriPcid (2 bytes): This parameter is the extended antenna carrier (eAxC) identifier (eAxCID) and identifies the specific data stream associated with each of the C-plane (ecpriRtcid) or U-plane (ecpriPcid) messages.

[0087] 7) ecpriSeqid (2 bytes): This parameter provides a unique message identifier and order at two levels. The first octet is a sequence ID used to identify the message order within the eAxC message stream, and this sequence ID is used to ensure that all messages are received and to reorder out-of-order messages. The second octet is a subsequence ID. When radio transmission level (eCPRI or IEEE-1914.3) segmentation occurs, the subsequence ID is used to verify the order and implement reordering.

[0088] The eAxC identifier (ID) includes the band and sector identifier (“BandSector_ID”), component carrier identifier (“CC_ID”), spatial stream identifier (“RU_Port_ID”), and distributed cell identifier (“DU_Port_ID”). The bit allocation of the eAxC ID can be distinguished as follows.

[0089] 1) DU_port ID: The DU_port ID is used to distinguish processing units in the O-DU (e.g., different baseband cards). It is expected that the O-DU will allocate bits for the DU_port ID, and the O-RU will append the same value to the UL U-plane message carrying the same sectionId data.

[0090] 2) BandSector_ID: Aggregate cell identifier (identifier of frequency bands and sectors supported by O-RU).

[0091] 3) CC_ID: CC_ID identifies the carrier component supported by the O-RU.

[0092] 4) RU_port ID: RU_port ID specifies logical flows such as data layer or space streams, as well as logical flows of signal channels such as separate parameter sets (e.g., PRACH) or SRS that require specific antenna assignments.

[0093] The application protocol of the fronthaul can include the control plane (C plane), user plane (U plane), synchronization plane (S plane), and management plane (M plane).

[0094] The control plane can be configured to provide scheduling and beamforming information via control messages. The control plane refers to real-time control between the DU and RU. The user plane can include IQ sample data transmitted between the DU and RU. The user plane can include user downlink data (IQ data or SSB / RS), uplink data (IQ data or SRS / RS), or PRACH data. The weight vector of the beamforming information mentioned above can be multiplied by the user's data. The synchronization plane typically refers to traffic between the DU and RU used for synchronizing the controller (e.g., the IEEE grand master). The synchronization plane can be related to timing and synchronization. The management plane refers to non-real-time control between the DU and RU. The management plane can be related to initial setup, non-real-time reset or resetting, and non-real-time reporting.

[0095] Messages in the control plane (i.e., control plane messages) can be encapsulated using a two-layer header approach. The first layer can be configured with an eCPRI common header or an IEEE 1914.3 common header, which includes fields indicating the message type. The second layer is the application layer, which includes fields required for control and synchronization. In the application layer, a segment defines the characteristics of U-plane data transmitted or received on a beam with a mode ID. The segment types supported in the C-plane are as follows.

[0096] Segment types can indicate the purpose of control messages sent in the control plane. For example, the purpose of a segment type is as follows.

[0097] 1) sectionType=0: Used to indicate resource blocks or symbols that are not used in DL or UL.

[0098] 2) sectionType=1: Used for most DL / UL wireless channels. In this document, "most" refers to channels that do not require time or frequency offsets (such as those required by hybrid parameter set channels).

[0099] 3) sectionType=2: Reserved for further use

[0100] 4) sectionType=3: PRACH and hybrid parameter set channels. Channels that require time or frequency offsets or differ from the nominal SCS value.

[0101] 5) sectionType=4: Reserved for further use

[0102] 6) sectionType=5: UE scheduling information. - Sends UE scheduling information, enabling the RU to perform real-time BF weight calculation (O-RAN optional BF method).

[0103] 7) sectionType=6: Transmits UE-specific channel information. Periodically transmits UE channel information, enabling the RU to perform real-time BF weight calculation (optional BF method for O-RAN).

[0104] 8) sectionType=7: Used for LAA support

[0105] Figure 5 An example of a time-frequency domain resource structure supported by a wireless communication system is shown. Figure 5 The basic time-frequency domain structure of the radio resource domain for transmitting data or control channels in the downlink or uplink in a 5G NR system that can be applied to this implementation is illustrated.

[0106] Reference Figure 5 The horizontal axis indicates the time domain, while the vertical axis indicates the frequency domain. The smallest transmission unit in the time domain is an OFDM symbol, and N is collected. symb OFDM symbol 502 is used to configure time slot 506. (Reference) Figure 5 In the wireless communication system to which this invention is applied, radio frame 514 can be defined as having a length of 10 ms, configured with 10 subframes of the same length, each 1 ms. Furthermore, radio frame 514 can be divided into 5 ms half-frames, and each half-frame includes 5 subframes. Figure 5In this configuration, time slot 506 can be configured with 14 OFDM symbols, but the length of the time slot can vary depending on the subcarrier spacing. For example, with a parameter set having a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, the time slot is configured to have a length of 1 ms, which is the same length as the subframe. Conversely, with a parameter set having a subcarrier spacing of 30 kHz, the time slot is configured with 14 OFDM symbols, but two time slots can be included in a subframe of 0.5 ms in length.

[0107] In other words, subframes and frames are defined with fixed durations, and time slots are defined as the number of symbols, allowing their duration to vary depending on the subcarrier interval. (Refer to...) Figure 5 The radio resources supported by the wireless communication system proposed in this specification can be configured with symbols as multiple time resources and subcarriers as multiple frequency resources, and each of the time and frequency resources can be represented by a two-dimensional resource grid. Figure 5 In this context, a quadrilateral that is configured as the smallest physical resource with one subcarrier and one symbol in the resource grid is called a resource element (RE) 512.

[0108] In a wireless communication system to which the inventions proposed in this specification can be applied, the smallest transmission unit in the frequency domain is a subcarrier, and the carrier bandwidth of the resource grid is configured with N. BW 504 subcarriers.

[0109] The basic unit of a resource in the time-frequency domain is a resource element (hereinafter referred to as "RE") 512, and can be indicated as an OFDM symbol index and a subcarrier index. A resource block 508 may include multiple resource elements 512. In a wireless communication system to which the present invention can be applied, a resource block (RB) 508 (or physical resource block, hereinafter referred to as "PRB") can be defined as N in the time domain. symb A continuous OFDM symbol and N in the frequency domain SC RB A series of consecutive subcarriers. In an NR system, resource block (RB) 508 can be defined as N in the frequency domain. SC RB A series of consecutive subcarriers 510. An RB 508 includes N on the frequency axis. SC RB 512 REs.

[0110] Typically, the smallest unit of data transmission is RB, and the number of subcarriers is N. SC RB=12. The frequency domain may include shared resource blocks (CRBs). Physical resource blocks (PRBs) can be defined in the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the frequency domain. The number of CRBs and PRBs can be determined based on the subcarrier spacing. The data rate can be increased proportionally to the number of RBs scheduled for the terminal.

[0111] In NR systems, in the case of frequency division duplex (FDD) systems that operate by dividing the downlink and uplink by frequency, the downlink transmission bandwidth and uplink transmission bandwidth can be different. Channel bandwidth indicates the radio frequency (RF) bandwidth corresponding to the system transmission bandwidth. Table 1 shows a portion of the correspondence between system transmission bandwidth, subcarrier spacing (SCS), and channel bandwidth defined in NR systems within frequency bands below the upper limit defined in the specification (e.g., 7.125 GHz) (e.g., Frequency Range (FR) 1 (310 MHz to 7125 MHz)). Table 2 shows a portion of the correspondence between transmission bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, and channel bandwidth defined in NR systems within frequency bands above the lower limit defined in the standard (e.g., 24.25 GHz) (e.g., FR2 (24250 MHz–52600 MHz) or FR2-2 (52600 MHz to 71000 MHz)). For example, in an NR system with a channel bandwidth of 100 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 30 kHz, the transmission bandwidth is configured with 273 RBs. In Tables 1 and 2, N / A can be a bandwidth-subcarrier combination that is not supported in the NR system.

[0112] Table 1

[0113]

[0114] Table 2

[0115]

[0116] Figure 6 An example of a channel in a communication standard is shown.

[0117] Figure 6 An example of a channel in a communication standard is shown. Depending on the layers defined in the communication standard, a channel may include a physical channel 610, a transport channel 620, and a logical channel 630.

[0118] refer to Figure 6 Physical channel 610 can provide the functions necessary for generating physical signals in the physical layer (e.g., channel coding, HARQ processing, modulation, multi-antenna processing, and resource mapping). In the physical layer, physical signals are modulated using an OFDM scheme and can be transmitted via time-frequency resources (e.g., Figure 5 Resources of the resource grid are transmitted in a wireless environment.

[0119] In downlink transmission, physical channel 610 may include at least one of a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). The PDCCH can be used to carry downlink control information (DCI). Typically, downlink data may include symbols transmitted via the PDSCH, and downlink control signals may refer to symbols transmitted via the PDCCH. Additionally, in the downlink, besides... Figure 6 In addition to the channels shown, SS / PBCH blocks, including synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)) and broadcast signals (e.g., PBCH), can also be transmitted. Furthermore, in the downlink, channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for obtaining measurement or channel information, demodulation reference signals (DMRS) for channel estimation and demodulation, and phase tracking reference signals (PTRS) can be transmitted.

[0120] In uplink transmission, physical channel 610 may include at least one of the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH). PUSCH or PUCCH may be used to carry uplink control information (UCI). Typically, uplink data may include symbols transmitted via PUSCH, and uplink control signals may refer to symbols corresponding to the UCI. For example, UCI may include at least one of a Scheduling Request (SR), a Hybrid Automatic Request (HARQ)-Acknowledgement (ACK) bit, or Channel State Information (CSI). Additionally, in the uplink, besides... Figure 6 In addition to the channels shown, DMRS for channel estimation and demodulation and PTRS for channel estimation can also be transmitted in the downlink.

[0121] Transport channel 620 can connect the physical layer and a higher-level media access control (MAC) layer located at the physical layer, and can be classified according to how data is transmitted through the radio interface. In the downlink, transport channel 620 may include at least one of a paging channel (PCH) for paging, a broadcast channel (BCH) for broadcasting system information, and a downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) for downlink data transmission. In the uplink, transport channel 620 may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting random access preambles or an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) for transmitting downlink data.

[0122] Logical channel 630 is located above the transport channel and mapped to transport channel 620. Logical channel 630 can be classified as a control channel for transmitting control area information and a traffic channel for transmitting user area information. The control channel of logical channel 630 may include at least one of a paging control channel (PCCH), a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), or a dedicated control channel (DCCH). The traffic channel of logical channel 630 may include a dedicated traffic channel (DTCH).

[0123] In describing embodiments of this disclosure, random access signals may include sequences transmitted via a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH). "Data" may include signals other than reference signals. As an example, "data" obtained by a receiver in uplink communication may include signals transmitted via the PUSCH. However, the PUSCH is an example, and embodiments of this disclosure can certainly be applied to other channels requiring channel estimation (e.g., PDSCH, PBCH, PDCCH, and PUCCH).

[0124] The following description outlines transmitting and receiving equipment for performing Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) based on Frequency Domain Spectrum Shaping (FDSS). Compared to OFDM-based signals (or waveforms), DFT-S-OFDM-based signals (or waveforms) can provide a lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and higher output power. As output power increases, cell radius increases, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the receiving equipment can increase; therefore, DFT-S-OFDM can be used for the uplink. However, this is not a limitation. When transmitting signals based on DFT-S-OFDM in the transmitting equipment, the receiving equipment can use a simple decoder such as OFDM to receive the signals. Even when using DFT-S-OFDM, PAPR may increase depending on the modulation scheme. As an example, even when using DFT-S-OFDM, PAPR may increase as the QAM size increases. Therefore, when performing DFT-S-OFDM based on FDSS, PAPR may decrease. In the following Figure 7 The following section will describe the transmitting equipment used to perform DFT-S-OFDM based on FDSS.

[0125] Figure 7 An example of the operation of a transmitting device for performing Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) based on Frequency Domain Spectrum Shaping (FDSS) is shown.

[0126] refer to Figure 7The transmitting device (e.g., terminal 120) can configure (or generate) signals (e.g., uplink signals) using DFT-S-OFDM. For example, the transmitting device can modulate waveforms using DFT-S. The operation of modulating waveforms based on the DFT-S scheme can be called transform precoding.

[0127] According to an embodiment, the transmitting device may include multiple blocks for performing DFT-S-OFDM based on FDSS. For example, the transmitting path of the transmitting device may include an encoding block 701, a symbol mapping block 702, a serial-to-parallel conversion block 703, an M-point DFT block 704, a spectrum spreading block 705, a spectrum shaping block 706, a frequency resource allocation block 707, an N-point IFFT block 708, a parallel-to-serial conversion block 709, and a cyclic prefix (CP) addition block 710. According to an embodiment, at least some of the multiple blocks included in the transmitting path may be omitted.

[0128] For example, encoding block 701 can be used to encode the transmitted bit string. Symbol mapping block 702 can be used to modulate the codeword generated according to the encoding into symbols based on at least one of binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 64QAM, 128QAM, or 256QAM. Serial-to-parallel conversion block 703 can be used to change the transmission path from serial to parallel. M-point DFT block 704 can be used to perform a DFT operation of size M. M can be set to an integer. According to an embodiment, M-point DFT block 704 can also perform discrete frequency transform (DFT) extension.

[0129] For example, spectrum spreader 705 and spectrum shaper 706 can be configured for frequency domain spectrum shaping (FDSS). For example, spectrum spreader 705 can be used to configure data 730 by copying at least a portion of data 720. Each of data 721 and data 722 can be a portion of data 720. Data 721 and data 722 can configure both ends of data 720 in the frequency domain. Spectrum spreader 705 can add data 721 to the end of data 720. Spectrum spreader 705 can add data 722 to the beginning of data 720. Spectrum spreader 705 can further expand data 720 into data 730 by adding data 721 and data 722 to data 720. Processor 311 can configure data 730 to have cyclic characteristics in the frequency domain. Spectrum shaper 706 can be used to multiply data 730 in the frequency domain (or extended frequency domain) by shaping filter 740. The spectrum shaping block 706 can frequency-wise multiply the data 730 in the frequency domain by the shaping filter 740. The PAPR can be reduced by the frequency spreading and spectrum shaping operations performed based on the spectrum spreading block 705 and the spectrum shaping block 706 as described above.

[0130] For example, frequency resource allocation block 707 can be used to allocate data obtained through spectrum shaping block 706 to PRB (or RE). N-point IFFT block 708 can be used to perform an IFFT of size N. Data (or signals) in the frequency domain can be transformed into data (or signals) in the time domain through IFFT block 708. Parallel-to-serial conversion block 709 can be used to change the transmission path from parallel to serial. CP addition block 710 can be used to add (or insert) CP to the signal. Based on the above blocks, the transmitting device can transmit transmission signals (e.g., uplink signals).

[0131] Figure 8A and Figure 8B A graph is shown to represent the reduced performance of PAPR based on FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM.

[0132] Reference Figure 8A The x-axis of curves 801 to 804 indicates PAPR. The y-axis of curves 801 to 804 indicates the probability that the PAPR of the signal is greater than the PAPR on the x-axis. The unit of the x-axis is [dB].

[0133] Curves 801 to 804 indicate the PAPR performance with a QPSK modulation scheme, a data size of 52 RB, and a 10 RB spectral spread (approximately 20% of the data size). Curve 801 indicates the PAPR performance of FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM (or DFT-S-OFDM with FDSS). Curve 802 indicates the PAPR performance of DFT-S-OFDM. Curve 803 indicates the PAPR performance of OFDM. Curve 804 indicates the theoretical PAPR performance of OFDM.

[0134] Referring to curves 801 and 803 (or curve 804), the probability that the PAPR of the signal is greater than the PAPR on the x-axis is 10. -4 At (or 0.0001), FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM can provide 4 [dB] or more of improved performance compared to OFDM. Referring to curves 801 and 802, the probability that the PAPR of the signal is greater than the PAPR on the x-axis is 10. -4 At (or 0.0001), FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM can provide an improvement of approximately 1.5 [dB] in performance compared to DFT-S-OFDM.

[0135] Reference Figure 8BThe x-axis of curves 811 to 814 indicates PAPR. The y-axis of curves 811 to 814 indicates the probability that the PAPR of the signal is greater than the PAPR on the x-axis. The unit of the x-axis is [dB].

[0136] Figures 811 to 814 indicate the PAPR performance when the modulation scheme is 256QAM, the data size is 52 RB, and a 10 RB spectral spread (approximately 20% of the data size) is applied. Figure 811 indicates the PAPR performance of FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM (or DFT-S-OFDM with FDSS). Figure 812 indicates the PAPR performance of DFT-S-OFDM. Figure 813 indicates the PAPR performance of OFDM. Figure 814 indicates the theoretical PAPR performance of OFDM.

[0137] Referring to curves 811 and 813 (or curve 804), the probability that the PAPR of the signal is greater than the PAPR on the x-axis is 10. -4 At (or 0.0001), FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM can provide an improvement of approximately 3 [dB] in performance compared to OFDM. Referring to curves 811 and 812, the probability that the PAPR of the signal is greater than the PAPR on the x-axis is 10. -4 At (or 0.0001), FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM can provide an improvement of approximately 1 [dB] in performance compared to DFT-S-OFDM.

[0138] Reference Figure 8A and Figure 8B The transmitting device can be Figure 7 The spectrum spreader 705 and spectrum shaper 706 reduce the PAPR of the transmitted signal, and better linearity can be ensured by using a specified power amplifier. Therefore, the transmitting device can obtain signal quality gain through FDSS.

[0139] When FDSS is applied to the transmit path, PAPR can be reduced, but more resources and power can be used than with DFT-S-OFDM. Therefore, performance degradation may occur in the receiving device when the signal generated (or configured) by FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM is not properly processed. Additionally, since spectral spreading is applied to the data signal in the transmitting device, and a shaping filter is applied to the spectral-spread data signal, the receiving device must perform channel estimation and inverse compensation for the shaping filter. Spectral spreading can be applied to the reference signal in the same manner as the data signal, and a shaping filter can be applied to the reference signal. When spectral spreading and shaping filters are applied to the reference signal, loss of the reference signal may occur. Therefore, the design of the reference signal and the operation of the receiving device when using FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM will be described in the following specification.

[0140] Figure 9 An example of the operation of a receiving device for receiving signals configured via FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM is shown.

[0141] refer to Figure 9 The receiving device (e.g., base station 110) can receive signals (e.g., uplink signals) generated using DFT-S-OFDM. For example, the receiving device may include multiple blocks for receiving signals (e.g., uplink signals) generated using FDSS-based DFT-S-OFDM. These multiple blocks can be configured to perform operations similar to those in… Figure 7 The opposite operation performed in the transmitting device.

[0142] For example, the receiving path of the receiving device may include a CP removal block 901, a serial-to-parallel conversion block 902, an N-point FFT block 903, a frequency resource extraction block 904, a channel estimation block 905, an FDSS detection block 906, an M-point IDFT block 907, a parallel-to-serial conversion block 908, a symbol demapping block 909, and a decoding block 910. According to embodiments, at least some of the blocks included in the receiving path may be omitted.

[0143] For example, CP removal block 901 can be used to remove the CP of the received signal. CP removal block 901 can be used to perform operations related to... Figure 7 The operation of CP addition block 710 is the opposite of the operation. Serial to parallel conversion block 902 can be used to change the receive path from serial to parallel. Serial to parallel conversion block 902 can correspond to... Figure 7 The serial-to-parallel conversion block 703. The N-point FFT block 903 can be used to perform an FFT of size N. The N-point FFT block 903 can be used to perform... Figure 7The operation is the inverse of the N-point IFFT block 708. Data (or signals) in the time domain can be transformed into data (or signals) in the frequency domain using the N-point FFT block 903. The frequency resource extraction block 904 can be used to extract data from allocated frequency resources (e.g., PRB or RE). As an example, the frequency resource extraction block 904 can be used to extract the RB signal of a specific user.

[0144] For example, channel estimation block 905 and FDSS detection block 906 can be configured for FDSS. Channel estimation block 905 can be used to perform channel estimation using a reference signal. FDSS detection block 906 can be used to perform a combination operation, as a response to... Figure 7 The compensation of the shaping filter 740 in the spectrum shaping block 706. The specific operation of the channel estimation block 905 and the FDSS detection block 906 will be described below by the equations described below.

[0145] For example, M-point IDFT block 907 can be used to perform an IDFT operation of size M. M can be set to an integer. M-point IDFT block 907 can be used to perform an IDFT operation of size M. Figure 7 The operation is the opposite of that of the M-point DFT block 704. The parallel-to-serial conversion block 908 can be used to change the receive path from parallel to serial. The symbol demapping block 909 can be used to demodulate symbols based on at least one of Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), 64QAM, 128QAM, or 256QAM. The decoding block 910 can be used to decode the codewords demodulated by the symbol demapping block 909.

[0146] Referring to the multiple blocks of the above-described receiving path, the received signal (e.g., a data signal or a reference signal) can be configured as shown in Equation 1.

[0147] Equation 1

[0148]

[0149] Refer to Equation 1, Is The received signal at the kth tone. It is the channel frequency response at the kth frequency modulation. It consists of data signals and extended signals based on spectral expansion. It is a shaping filter at the k-th frequency modulation. It is the noise signal at the kth frequency modulation. K can be set as shown in Equation 2.

[0150] Equation 2

[0151]

[0152] Referring to Equation 2, K is the length of the data signal and the extended signal according to the spectral spread. M is the length of the data signal. M is the number of QAM symbols. L is the length of the extended signal.

[0153] It is obtained by performing an M-point DFT. The data signal (or data signal) is related to the signal (or data signal), and the extended signal is based on the spectral spread. It can be set as shown in Equation 3. .

[0154] Equation 3

[0155]

[0156] Refer to Equation 3, It is obtained by performing an M-point DFT. The signal (or data signal) is related to the data signal and the extended signal according to the spectral spread. Where k is from 0 to... In the frequency domain, It can be configured. It can correspond to Figure 7 The data is 721. In it, k is from... arrive It can be configured. It can correspond to Figure 7 The data is 720. In it, k is from... It can be configured. It can correspond to Figure 7 The data is 722.

[0157] The received signal can be used as Equation 1. Perform MMSE equalization for the shaping filter. The receiving device can then process the received signal. Perform MMSE equalization for the shaping filter. It can be represented as shown in the following equation.

[0158] Equation 4

[0159]

[0160] Refer to Equation 4, It is the data signal and extended signal estimated based on the MMSE equalization at the k-th frequency modulation. It is the received signal at the kth frequency modulation. It is the weight of the k-th frequency modulation (e.g., MMSE weight). It can be configured as shown in Equation 5.

[0161] Equation 5

[0162]

[0163] Refer to Equation 5, It is a shaping filter at the k-th frequency modulation. It is the estimated channel frequency response at the k-th frequency modulation. These are noise and interference components.

[0164] The receiving device can identify targets by using Equations 4 and 5. Received (or estimated) . and the actual data signal (i.e., )compared to, This can be a signal that has been extended according to the spectral spread. The receiving device can perform the combination operation by using the FDSS detection block 906. The data signal (or data) according to the combination operation can be configured as shown in Equation 6.

[0165] Equation 6

[0166]

[0167] Refer to Equation 6, This is the estimated data signal. M is the length of the data signal. M is the number of QAM symbols. The receiving device can obtain (or identify) this data by summing the same data. .

[0168] According to an embodiment, the same shaping filter 740 as the data signal can be applied to the reference signal. Since the same shaping filter 740 as the data signal is applied to the reference signal, the receiving device can avoid receiving signals that are identical to the data signal. Figure 7 Information related to the shaping filter 740. Therefore, when estimating the channel, the receiving device can perform corrections such that the shaping filter 740 is included in the channel. However, when the zadoff-chu (ZC) sequence is used as a reference signal in the uplink, it may not be necessary to apply spectrum spreading and shaping filters. For example, since the ZC sequence has a constant amplitude in both the time and frequency domains, it may already have a low PAPR. Therefore, when the zadoff-chu (ZC) sequence is used as a reference signal in the uplink, it may not be necessary to apply spectrum spreading and shaping filters. When transmitting a reference signal in the frequency domain (or subcarrier) expanded according to spectrum spreading without using a shaping filter, it may exceed the necessary use of resources and power. Therefore, examples of transmitting devices (e.g., terminal 120) and receiving devices (e.g., base station 110) for variably changing the frequency domain (or length of the reference signal) of the transmitted reference signal will be described below.

[0169] Figure 10 An example of the operation of a base station and a terminal for determining the frequency domain and power of a transmitted reference signal is shown.

[0170] refer to Figure 10 In operation 1001, terminal 120 may send channel state information (CSI) or sounding reference signal (SRS) to base station 110.

[0171] According to an embodiment, terminal 120 can send CSI to base station 110. For example, base station 110 can send cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) to terminal 120. Terminal 120 can send CSI to base station 110 based on CRS or CSI-RS.

[0172] For example, base station 110 can send a CRS or CSI-RS to terminal 120 to identify the state of the channel (or downlink channel). For example, the CRS or CSI-RS can be generated by applying weights based on pseudo-random sequence identification. Base station 110 can send the generated CRS or CSI-RS to terminal 120. According to embodiments, the CRS or CSI-RS can be sent periodically or aperiodically. Terminal 120 can identify a CQI indicating the channel state of the downlink identified based on the CRS or CSI-RS. Terminal 120 can determine a CQI index among multiple CQI indices that satisfies specified conditions. When receiving data (e.g., a single PDSCH block), terminal 120 can determine a CQI index indicating the modulation scheme and code rate such that it does not exceed a specified BLER (e.g., 10% in the case of enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and 0.001% in the case of ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC)).

[0173] Terminal 120 can identify the state of the channel (downlink channel) based on CRS or CSI-RS. Terminal 120 can determine the signal quality to identify the channel state. In this disclosure, signal quality can be at least one of, for example, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Beam Reference Signal Received Power (BRSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR), Carrier-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (CINR), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), Error Vector Magnitude (EVM), Bit Error Rate (BER), or Block Error Rate (BLER). Besides the examples above, other terms or other measures of channel quality with equivalent technical meaning may of course be used. In the following, in this disclosure, high signal quality refers to a large signal quality value related to signal amplitude or a small signal quality value related to error rate. High signal quality may imply a smooth wireless communication environment. In the following, in this disclosure, SINR is exemplified as a measure of signal quality used to determine CQI. Terminal 120 can identify the downlink channel state based on changes (or transformations) in the CRS or CSI-RS. Terminal 120 can identify (or measure) the SINR of the CRS or CSI-RS. Terminal 120 can transmit information indicating the SINR of the CRS or CSI-RS. The information indicating the SINR of the reference signal can be referred to as CQI. For example, as the SINR increases, the CQI value can be set higher. As the SINR decreases, the CQI value can be set lower.

[0174] Base station 110 can receive channel state information (CSI) including CQI. Base station 110 can receive CQI based on CSI. Base station 110 can obtain information related to the preferred modulation scheme (e.g., QPSK, 16QAM, or 64QAM) or code rate in terminal 120 based on the CQI. Base station 110 can identify the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) based on the CQI index included in the CQI. For example, base station 110 can identify the MCS based on a predefined CQI table and MCS table. The CQI table can indicate a modulation scheme or code rate with a modulation order that increases with the CQI index value. As the CQI index increases, base station 110 can set the MCS index higher. As the CQI index decreases, base station 110 can set the MCS index lower. The MCS index set according to the CQI value can be used for modulation and coding of downlink data.

[0175] According to an embodiment, terminal 120 can transmit SRS to base station 110. For example, terminal 120 can transmit SRS in at least one direction. Base station 110 can identify the channel state based on the received SRS.

[0176] In operation 1002, base station 110 can obtain the quality of the channel. For example, base station 110 can obtain (or identify) the quality of the channel between base station 110 and terminal 120. The quality of the channel may include channel selectivity.

[0177] In operation 1003, base station 110 can determine a first frequency domain and power of a reference signal (e.g., a demodulated reference signal (DMRS)). For example, base station 110 can determine the first frequency domain and power of the reference signal based on the quality of the channel. For example, base station 110 can determine the first frequency domain and power of the reference signal not only based on channel quality, but also based on at least one of the spectral spread length of the FDSS and / or the performance of the shaping filter.

[0178] In operation 1004, base station 110 may send information indicating a first frequency domain and / or information indicating the power of a reference signal to terminal 120. For example, base station 110 may send this information to terminal 120 via at least one of a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE), or a Downlink Control Indicator (DCI). For example, the information indicating the first frequency domain may indicate the ratio of the first frequency domain to an extended frequency domain based on spectrum spreading. For example, the information indicating the power of the reference signal may be configured based on the Energy Per Resource Element (EPRE).

[0179] Figure 11 An example of the operation of a base station and terminal for transmitting uplink signals, including reference signals and data signals, is shown.

[0180] refer to Figure 11 In operation 1101, base station 110 may send an RRC message to terminal 120. For example, the RRC message may include at least one of information indicating a first frequency domain for a reference signal (e.g., DMRS) and / or information indicating the power of the reference signal.

[0181] In operation 1102, base station 110 may send downlink control information (DCI) to terminal 120. For example, the DCI may be sent via the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). The DCI may include resource allocation information related to a second frequency domain used for data signals (e.g., PDSCH). The first frequency domain may include the second frequency domain. The DCI may include information required for decoding the data signals. For example, the DCI may have the NR standard DCI format 1_x (x=0,1,2,...).

[0182] In operation 1103, terminal 120 can identify the power of the first frequency domain and the reference signal. For example, terminal 120 can identify the first frequency domain and / or the power of the reference signal based on at least one of RRC messages and / or DCI messages.

[0183] For example, terminal 120 can identify a first frequency domain for the reference signal in the extended frequency domain of the FDSS. Terminal 120 can identify the power of the reference signal to be transmitted through the first frequency domain.

[0184] In operation 1104, terminal 120 can send uplink signals to base station 110. The uplink signals can be transmitted via the extended frequency domain of FDSS. Base station 110 can receive uplink signals from terminal 120 via the extended frequency domain of FDSS.

[0185] For example, the uplink signal may include at least one of a reference signal, a data signal, and / or an extended signal. The extended signal may be configured based on at least a portion of the data signal. The extended signal may correspond to at least a portion of the data signal.

[0186] Reference signals can be transmitted through a first frequency domain within the extended frequency domain. Data signals can be transmitted through a second frequency domain within the extended frequency domain. Extended signals can be transmitted through a third frequency domain within the extended frequency domain. The extended frequency domain can include both the second and third frequency domains. The extended frequency domain can be configured with both a second and a third frequency domain. The first frequency domain can include the second frequency domain. The first frequency domain can include the second frequency domain and can be included within the extended frequency domain.

[0187] Figure 12A , 12B The figures 12C and 12C show an example of the size of the first frequency domain.

[0188] refer to Figures 12A to 12C Base station 110 can determine a first frequency domain for the reference signal based on the communication quality of the channel between base station 110 and terminal 120. According to an embodiment, base station 110 can determine a first frequency domain in the extended frequency domain of the FDSS based on the communication quality of the channel between base station 110 and terminal 120.

[0189] According to an embodiment, base station 110 may determine a first frequency domain (or the length of a reference signal) in the extended frequency domain of the FDSS based on the channel environment and / or the performance of combined operations. Base station 110 may determine the first frequency domain in the extended frequency domain of the FDSS by using Equations 7 to 11 described below. The operation of base station 110 for determining the first frequency domain is exemplary and not limited thereto.

[0190] For example, base station 110 can identify the average value of the signal for each frequency modulus after performing MMSE equalization. The average value of the signal for each frequency modulus can be set as shown in the following equation.

[0191] Equation 7

[0192] for ,

[0193] Referring to Equation 7, it is The estimated signal of the kth frequency modulation The average value. Equation 7 can be configured based on Equation 5. It is the data signal and extended signal estimated based on the MMSE equalization at the k-th frequency modulation. It is the estimated channel frequency response at the k-th frequency modulation. It is a shaping filter at the k-th frequency modulation. These are noise and interference components. It is the channel estimation error at the kth frequency modulation point. It is the power of the transmitted signal.

[0194] For example, channel estimation error The value can be changed based on the algorithm used for channel estimation and / or the length P of the reference signal. The average value of the estimated signal for each frequency modulus after the combination operation can be set as shown in the following equation.

[0195] Equation 8

[0196]

[0197] Refer to Equation 8, This is the estimated data signal. M is the length of the data signal. M indicates the number of QAM symbols. Base station 110 can obtain (or identify) this by summing the same data. .

[0198] After performing the Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) at base station 110, the average value of each sample in the time domain can be configured as shown in the following equation.

[0199] Equation 9

[0200]

[0201] Base station 110 can identify the signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) based on the average value of each sample. SINR can be configured as shown in the following equation.

[0202] Equation 10

[0203]

[0204] Base station 110 can determine the first frequency domain (or the length of the reference signal) based on SINR according to Equation 10. For example, base station 110 can determine the first frequency domain (or the length of the reference signal) to maximize the SINR value. The base station can determine the first frequency domain (or the length of the reference signal) based on the following equation.

[0205] Equation 11

[0206]

[0207] Referring to Equation 11, P is the length of the first frequency domain (or the number of frequency modulations configured in the first frequency domain and the length of the reference signal). In the following... Figures 12A to 12C In this section, an example of the first frequency domain (or the length of the reference signal) used for the second frequency domain (or the length of the data signal) and the third frequency domain (or the length of the extended signal) will be described.

[0208] exist Figures 12A to 12C In this context, the first frequency domain can be referred to as the length P of the reference signal. The length P of the reference signal can refer to the number of frequency moduli used to transmit the reference signal. The first frequency domain can be configured with P frequency moduli.

[0209] exist Figures 12A to 12C In this context, the extended frequency domain can be referred to as the length K of the data signal and the extended signal. The length K of the data signal and the extended signal can indicate the number of frequency modulations used for the data signal and the extended signal. The extended frequency domain can be configured with K frequency modulations.

[0210] exist Figures 12A to 12C In this context, the second frequency domain can be referred to as the length M of the data signal. The length M of the data signal can also refer to the number of frequency modulations used for the data signal. The second frequency domain can be configured with M frequency modulations.

[0211] exist Figures 12A to 12C In this context, the third frequency domain can be referred to as the length KM of the extended signal. The length KM of the extended signal can indicate the number of frequency modulations used for the data signal. The third frequency domain can be configured with KM frequency modulations.

[0212] refer to Figure 12ABase station 110 can set the length P of the reference signal to be the same as the length K of the data signal and the spread signal. When the length P of the reference signal is the same as the length K of the data signal and the spread signal, base station 110 can estimate all channels corresponding to K frequency moduli. Base station 110 can use the channels estimated for all K frequency moduli for FDSS detection operation (or combination operation). However, since the third frequency domain for transmitting the spread signal is a domain where the power of the shaping filter is set to a small value, its impact on channel estimation may be small. When the length P of the reference signal is the same as the length K of the data signal and the spread signal, resources and / or power may be used beyond what is necessary due to the use of resources and / or power for the third frequency domain.

[0213] refer to Figure 12B Base station 110 can set the length P of the reference signal to be the same as the length M of the data signal. When the length P of the reference signal is the same as the length M of the data signal, base station 110 can estimate the channel corresponding to M frequency moduli. Based on the channel estimation results corresponding to the M frequency moduli, base station 110 can extrapolate to identify the channel estimation value for the third frequency domain. For example, base station 110 can perform FDSS detection (or combination operation) on the spread signal by identifying the channel estimation value at the edge of the second frequency domain as the channel estimation value of the third frequency domain based on the channel estimation results corresponding to the M frequency moduli.

[0214] For example, extrapolating channel estimates to the third frequency domain or identifying channel estimates at the edge of the second frequency domain as channel estimates in the third frequency domain may lead to performance degradation in environments with high channel selectivity. Therefore, when channel selectivity is low, the performance of channel estimation can be improved because the reference signal (or the power of the reference signal) is concentrated in the second frequency domain.

[0215] refer to Figure 12C Base station 110 can set the length P of the reference signal to be longer than the length M of the data signal and shorter than the length K of the data signal and the spread signal. For example, base station 110 can set the length P of the reference signal based on the communication quality of the channel (e.g., channel selectivity), the performance of the shaping filter, the K / M ratio, and / or the combined performance of the spectrum spread. Even when K / M is set large to reduce PAPR, the length P of the reference signal can be set to a value between M and K.

[0216] according to Figures 12A to 12CThe length P of the reference signal can be fixed based on the channel environment (or the communication quality of the channel) and / or the performance of the combined spectrum spreading (or the performance of the shaping filter). According to an embodiment, the length P of the reference signal can be dynamically changed based on at least one message exchanged between terminal 120 and base station 110. At least one message can be sent via RRC configuration or DCI information. For example, base station 110 can determine the length P of the reference signal and the power of the reference signal based on at least one of the communication quality of the channel (or channel environment) between terminal 120 and base station 110, the performance of the shaping filter, the K / M ratio, and / or the combined performance of the spectrum spreading. Base station 110 can send information to terminal 120 indicating the length P (or the first frequency domain) of the reference signal and information indicating the power of the reference signal. Terminal 120 can send an uplink signal including the reference signal, data signal, and spread signal to base station 110 based on the information indicating the length P (or the first frequency domain) of the reference signal and the information indicating the power of the reference signal.

[0217] Figure 13 An example of the operation of a base station for determining the first frequency domain for a reference signal is shown.

[0218] refer to Figure 13 In operation 1310, base station 110 may determine a first frequency domain for the reference signal in the extended frequency domain of the FDSS. For example, base station 110 may determine the first frequency domain for the reference signal in the extended frequency domain of the FDSS based on the communication quality of the channel between base station 110 and terminal 120.

[0219] According to an embodiment, base station 110 can obtain (or identify) the communication quality of the channel between base station 110 and terminal 120.

[0220] For example, base station 110 can obtain the communication quality of the channel based on receiving CSI from terminal 120. Base station 110 can send a Cell Specific Reference Signal (CRS) or a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) to terminal 120. Base station 110 can receive CSI including CQI from terminal 120 based on sending CRS or CSI-RS to terminal 120. After sending CRS or CSI-RS to terminal 120, base station 110 can receive CSI including CQI from terminal 120. Base station 110 can obtain (or identify) the communication quality of the channel between base station 110 and terminal 120 based on CQI.

[0221] For example, base station 110 can obtain (or identify) the communication quality of the channel between base station 110 and terminal 120 based on SRS received from terminal 120. For example, terminal 120 can transmit SRS in at least one direction. Base station 110 can identify the communication quality of the channel based on the received SRS.

[0222] According to an embodiment, base station 110 can determine a first frequency domain for a reference signal in the extended frequency domain of FDSS. Base station 110 can determine a first frequency domain for a reference signal included in the uplink signal received from terminal 120.

[0223] According to an embodiment, base station 110 can determine the first frequency domain based on the performance of the shaping filter used for uplink signals configured based on FDSS and the communication quality of the channel.

[0224] According to an embodiment, base station 110 can send information indicating a first frequency domain and information indicating the power of a reference signal in the first frequency domain to terminal 120. For example, base station 110 can send the information indicating the first frequency domain and the information indicating the power of a reference signal in the first frequency domain to terminal 120 via at least one of a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE), or a Downlink Control Indicator (DCI). For example, the information indicating the first frequency domain can indicate the ratio of the first frequency domain to the extended frequency domain. For example, the information indicating the power of the reference signal can be configured based on the Energy Per Resource Element (EPRE).

[0225] In operation 1320, base station 110 may send resource allocation information related to a second frequency domain in the extended frequency domain used for data signals to terminal 120. For example, base station 110 may send the resource allocation information related to the second frequency domain to terminal 120 using DCI. For example, the second frequency domain may be included in the first frequency domain. According to an embodiment, information indicating the first frequency domain and information indicating the power of a reference signal in the first frequency domain may be sent to terminal 120 together with the resource allocation information.

[0226] In operation 1330, base station 110 can receive uplink signals configured based on FDSS and including reference signals and data signals through the extended frequency domain. For example, the uplink signals can be configured based on FDSS. The uplink signals may include reference signals, data signals, and extended signals. The extended signals may correspond to at least a portion of the data signals. The extended signals may be configured with at least a portion of the data signals based on FDSS.

[0227] For example, base station 110 can receive a reference signal through a first frequency domain in the extended frequency domain. Base station 110 can receive data signals and extended signals through the extended frequency domain. Base station 110 can receive data signals through a second frequency domain in the extended frequency domain. Base station 110 can receive extended signals through a third frequency domain.

[0228] In operation 1340, base station 110 can perform channel estimation for a second frequency domain using a reference signal received via a first frequency domain. For example, base station 110 can identify a channel estimate for the second frequency domain based on the result of the channel estimation for the first frequency domain.

[0229] According to an embodiment, base station 110 can identify a channel estimate for a third frequency domain based on the channel estimation result for a first frequency domain. For example, base station 110 can identify a channel estimate for the third frequency domain by extrapolation based on the channel estimation result for the first frequency domain. For example, base station 110 can identify a channel estimate at the edge of a second frequency domain as a channel estimate for the third frequency domain based on the channel estimation result for the first frequency domain.

[0230] According to an embodiment, base station 110 can identify channel estimates for the extended frequency domain based on the results of channel estimation for the first frequency domain.

[0231] In operation 1350, base station 110 can obtain a data signal based on the result of channel estimation for a second frequency domain. For example, base station 110 can obtain a data signal based on the result of channel estimation for a second frequency domain. For example, base station 110 can obtain an extended signal based on the result of channel estimation for a third frequency domain. Base station 110 can improve the accuracy of the data signal based on the extended signal in which the data signal is copied.

[0232] According to an embodiment, the base station device may include a transceiver, a memory storing instructions, and a processor. When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions may cause the device to determine a first frequency domain for a reference signal in the extended frequency domain of Frequency Domain Spectrum Shaping (FDSS) based on the communication quality of the channel between the base station and the terminal. When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions may cause the device to send resource allocation information to the terminal related to a second frequency domain for a data signal in the extended frequency domain. When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions may cause the device to receive an uplink signal based on FDSS configuration and including both a reference signal and a data signal through the extended frequency domain. When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions may cause the device to perform channel estimation for the second frequency domain using the reference signal received via the first frequency domain. When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions may cause the device to obtain a data signal based on the result of the channel estimation for the second frequency domain.

[0233] According to an embodiment, when instructions are executed individually or collectively by at least one processor, the instructions can cause the device to send information to the terminal for indicating a first frequency domain and information for indicating the power of a reference signal in the first frequency domain.

[0234] According to an embodiment, when the instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions can cause the device to send information indicating a first frequency domain and information indicating the power of a reference signal to the terminal via at least one of a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE), or a Downlink Control Indicator (DCI).

[0235] According to an embodiment, the information used to indicate the first frequency domain can indicate the ratio of the first frequency domain to the extended frequency domain. The information used to indicate the power of the reference signal can be configured based on the energy per resource element (EPRE).

[0236] According to an embodiment, the uplink signal may include an extended signal based on an FDSS configuration. The extended signal may correspond to at least a portion of the data signal. The extended signal may be transmitted via a third frequency domain, different from the second frequency domain, in the extended frequency domain.

[0237] According to an embodiment, when the instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions can cause the device to perform channel estimation for a first frequency domain using a reference signal received via a first frequency domain. When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions can cause the device to perform channel estimation for a third frequency domain based on the result of the channel estimation for the first frequency domain. When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by the at least one processor, the instructions can cause the device to obtain an extended signal based on the result of the channel estimation for the third frequency domain.

[0238] According to an embodiment, the first frequency domain may include the second frequency domain.

[0239] According to an embodiment, when instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions can enable the device to obtain the communication quality of the channel based on channel state information (CSI) received from the terminal.

[0240] According to an embodiment, when instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions enable the device to obtain the communication quality of the channel based on receiving a sounding reference signal (SRS) from the terminal.

[0241] According to an embodiment, when the instructions are executed individually or jointly by at least one processor, the instructions can enable the device to determine a first frequency domain based on the performance of the shaping filter used for the uplink signal in the FDSS-based configuration and the communication quality of the channel.

[0242] According to an embodiment, a method performed by a device at a base station may include: determining a first frequency domain for a reference signal in an extended frequency domain of frequency domain spectral shaping (FDSS) based on the communication quality of the channel between the base station and a terminal. The method may include sending resource allocation information to the terminal related to a second frequency domain in the extended frequency domain for a data signal. The method may include receiving an uplink signal configured based on FDSS and including both the reference signal and the data signal via the extended frequency domain. The method may include performing channel estimation for the second frequency domain using the reference signal received via the first frequency domain. The method may include obtaining the data signal based on the result of the channel estimation for the second frequency domain.

[0243] According to an embodiment, the method may include sending information to a terminal for indicating a first frequency domain and information for indicating the power of a reference signal in the first frequency domain.

[0244] According to an embodiment, the method may include sending to the terminal information for indicating a first frequency domain and information for indicating the power of a reference signal in the first frequency domain via at least one of a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE), or a Downlink Control Indicator (DCI).

[0245] According to an embodiment, the information used to indicate the first frequency domain can indicate the ratio of the first frequency domain to the extended frequency domain. The information used to indicate the power of the reference signal can be configured based on the energy per resource element (EPRE).

[0246] According to an embodiment, the uplink signal may include an extended signal based on an FDSS configuration. The extended signal may correspond to at least a portion of the data signal. The extended signal may be transmitted via a third frequency domain, different from the second frequency domain, in the extended frequency domain.

[0247] According to an embodiment, the method may include performing channel estimation for a first frequency domain using a reference signal received via a first frequency domain. The method may include performing channel estimation for a third frequency domain based on the result of the channel estimation for the first frequency domain. The method may include obtaining an extended signal based on the result of the channel estimation for the third frequency domain.

[0248] According to an embodiment, the first frequency domain may include the second frequency domain.

[0249] According to an embodiment, the method may include obtaining the communication quality of the channel based on receiving channel state information (CSI) from the terminal.

[0250] According to an embodiment, the method may include: obtaining the communication quality of the channel based on receiving a sounding reference signal (SRS) from a terminal.

[0251] According to an embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may store one or more programs. The one or more programs may include instructions that, when executed by a processor of a device at a base station, cause the device to determine a first frequency domain for a reference signal in an extended frequency domain of frequency domain spectral shaping (FDSS) based on the communication quality of the channel between the base station and a terminal. The one or more programs may include instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the device to send resource allocation information to the terminal related to a second frequency domain in the extended frequency domain for a data signal. The one or more programs may include instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the device to receive an uplink signal configured based on FDSS and including both a reference signal and a data signal in the extended frequency domain. The one or more programs may include instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the device to perform channel estimation for the second frequency domain using the reference signal received via the first frequency domain. The one or more programs may include instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the device to obtain a data signal based on the result of the channel estimation for the second frequency domain.

[0252] The methods described in the claims or specification of this disclosure can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0253] When implemented as software, a computer-readable storage medium may be provided for storing one or more programs (software modules). The one or more programs stored in the computer-readable storage medium are configured to be executed by one or more processors in an electronic device. The one or more programs include instructions to cause the electronic device to perform a method according to the embodiments described in the claims or specification of this disclosure. One or more programs may be included and provided in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a product between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)) or via an app store (e.g., the Play Store). TM Online distribution (e.g., downloading or uploading) or direct distribution between two user devices (e.g., smartphones). In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily generated or at least temporarily stored in a machine-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an app store's server, or a relay server.

[0254] Such programs (software modules, software) can be stored in random access memory, non-volatile memory including flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), disk storage devices, optical storage devices (e.g., compact disc-ROM (CD-ROM), digital universal disc (DVD), or other formats), or magnetic tape cartridges. Alternatively, it can be stored in a memory configured with some or all of these. Furthermore, multiple configuration memories can be included.

[0255] Additionally, the program can be stored in an attachable storage device that can be accessed via a communication network such as the Internet, intranet, local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), or storage area network (SAN), or a combination thereof. Such a storage device can be connected to a device executing embodiments of this disclosure via an external port. Furthermore, a separate storage device on the communication network can also be connected to a device executing embodiments of this disclosure.

[0256] In the specific embodiments described above, the components included in this disclosure are represented in a singular or plural form according to the presented embodiments. However, the singular or plural representation may be appropriately chosen for ease of explanation, and this disclosure is not limited to singular or plural components; even components expressed in a plural form may be configured in a singular form, or vice versa.

[0257] According to various embodiments, one or more of the components or operations described above may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Alternatively or additionally, multiple components (e.g., modules or programs) may be integrated into a single component. In this case, the integrated component may still perform one or more functions of each of the multiple components in the same or similar manner as the corresponding components in the multiple components before integration. According to various embodiments, operations performed by a module, program, or other component may be performed sequentially, in parallel, repeatedly, or heuristically, or one or more operations may be performed in a different order or omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

[0258] Furthermore, specific embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, and of course, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A base station device, comprising: transceiver; A memory, which includes a storage medium for storing one or more instructions; and At least one processor including processing circuitry, The instructions, when executed individually or jointly by the at least one processor, cause the device to: Based on the communication quality of the channel between the base station and the terminal, a first frequency domain for the reference signal is determined in the extended frequency domain of the frequency domain spectral shaping (FDSS). Send resource allocation information related to the second frequency domain used for data signals in the extended frequency domain to the terminal. Uplink signals, configured based on the FDSS and including the reference signal and the data signal, are received through the extended frequency domain. Channel estimation for the second frequency domain is performed using the reference signal received via the first frequency domain, and The data signal is obtained based on the channel estimation results for the second frequency domain.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by the at least one processor, the device also causes the device to send information to the terminal indicating the first frequency domain and information indicating the power of the reference signal in the first frequency domain.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein, When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by the at least one processor, the device also causes the device to send information indicating the first frequency domain and information indicating the power of the reference signal to the terminal via at least one of a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE), or a Downlink Control Indicator (DCI).

4. The device according to claim 2, wherein, The information used to indicate the first frequency domain indicates the ratio of the first frequency domain to the extended frequency domain, and The information used to indicate the power of the reference signal is configured based on the energy per resource element (EPRE).

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The uplink signal also includes extended signals based on the FDSS configuration. Wherein, the extended signal corresponds to at least a portion of the data signal, and The extended signal is transmitted through a third frequency domain, which is different from the second frequency domain, in the extended frequency domain.

6. The device according to claim 5, wherein, The instructions, when executed individually or jointly by the at least one processor, further enable the device to: Channel estimation for the first frequency domain is performed using the reference signal received via the first frequency domain. Based on the channel estimation results for the first frequency domain, the channel estimation for the third frequency domain is performed, and The extended signal is obtained based on the channel estimation results for the third frequency domain.

7. The device according to claim 5, wherein, The first frequency domain includes the second frequency domain.

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein, When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by the at least one processor, the device also obtains the communication quality of the channel based on channel state information (CSI) received from the terminal.

9. The device according to claim 1, wherein, When the instructions are executed individually or jointly by the at least one processor, the device also obtains the communication quality of the channel based on the detection reference signal (SRS) received from the terminal.

10. The device according to claim 1, wherein, When executed individually or jointly by the at least one processor, the instructions also cause the device to determine the first frequency domain based on the performance of the shaping filter used for configuring the uplink signal based on the FDSS and the communication quality of the channel.

11. A method performed by a device of a base station, comprising: Based on the communication quality of the channel between the base station and the terminal, a first frequency domain for the reference signal is determined in the extended frequency domain of the frequency domain spectral shaping (FDSS). Send resource allocation information related to the second frequency domain used for data signals in the extended frequency domain to the terminal. Uplink signals, including reference and data signals, are received in the extended frequency domain based on FDSS configuration. Channel estimation for the second frequency domain is performed using the reference signal received via the first frequency domain, and The data signal is obtained based on the channel estimation results for the second frequency domain.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The method further includes sending to the terminal information for indicating the first frequency domain and information for indicating the power of the reference signal in the first frequency domain.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The method further includes sending to the terminal information indicating the first frequency domain and information indicating the power of a reference signal in the first frequency domain via at least one of a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, a Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE), or a Downlink Control Indicator (DCI).

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The information used to indicate the first frequency domain indicates the ratio of the first frequency domain to the extended frequency domain, and The information used to indicate the power of the reference signal is configured based on the energy per resource element (EPRE).

15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, said one or more programs comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor of a device of a base station, cause the device to: Based on the communication quality of the channel between the base station and the terminal, a first frequency domain for the reference signal is determined in the extended frequency domain of frequency domain spectral shaping (FDSS). Send resource allocation information related to the second frequency domain used for data signals in the extended frequency domain to the terminal. Uplink signals, configured based on the FDSS and including the reference signal and the data signal, are received through the extended frequency domain. Channel estimation for the second frequency domain is performed using the reference signal received via the first frequency domain, and The data signal is obtained based on the channel estimation results for the second frequency domain.

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