A wind farm cluster collaborative control method for optimizing wake effect
By collecting the bending moments of the towers and blades of wind turbines in real time, calculating fatigue loads and cumulative damage values, and optimizing yaw angles, the problem of insufficient management of wind turbine damage differences in wind farms has been solved, achieving balanced wind turbine lifespan and improved power generation efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NORTHEAST BRANCH OF BEIJING JINGNENG INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies fail to effectively manage the differences in fatigue damage between wind turbines in wind farms, leading to premature aging of some turbines and low power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the high computational complexity makes it difficult to meet real-time requirements.
By collecting tower bending moments and blade flapping moments of wind turbines in real time within the wind farm, the effective stress amplitude of fatigue loads is calculated, the cumulative damage value and fatigue accumulation rate are quantified, wind turbines to be adjusted are screened, and the yaw angle is optimized to achieve balanced unit life and improved power generation efficiency.
It improved the accuracy of wind turbine damage value calculation, alleviated the problem of premature aging of wind turbines, narrowed the fatigue accumulation gap, improved regulation efficiency and power generation revenue, and met the real-time requirements of the project.
Smart Images
Figure CN122467326A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind farm collaborative control, and specifically to a wind farm cluster collaborative control method optimized for wake effect. Background Technology
[0002] As a core form of clean and renewable energy generation, wind power has seen large-scale, clustered wind farms become the mainstream construction model in the industry. Within a wind farm, upstream turbines capture airflow, creating a low-speed, highly turbulent wake region. When downstream turbines are within this wake's coverage area, wind energy capture efficiency drops significantly, and aerodynamic loads fluctuate violently, resulting in overall power loss. To mitigate the negative effects of the wake, the industry commonly employs control measures such as active turbine yaw and independent pitch control. By altering the inflow angle of attack of the upstream turbines and the outflow direction of the airflow, the overall flow field distribution is reconstructed, reducing the wake's blocking effect on downstream turbines and ultimately improving the overall power generation of the wind farm.
[0003] Existing technologies, such as Chinese Patent Publication No. CN121497550A, disclose an active wake yaw control method and device that considers wind turbine fatigue damage. It constructs a wake yaw optimization model by combining wind conditions, turbine coordinates, and operating parameters with an engineering wake model; then, by calculating structural loads and target damage equivalent loads, it accurately quantifies turbine fatigue damage and determines the yaw limit angle; and iteratively solves the field-level yaw control matrix using a multi-objective yaw optimization method that balances power generation and fatigue damage, thus avoiding the deterioration of damage caused by using the old strategy after the turbine fatigue has worsened, and ultimately ensuring the long-term safe and efficient operation of the wind farm.
[0004] However, the existing technology has the following problems: 1. The existing technology uses the overall optimal combination of the overall power generation and overall fatigue damage of the wind farm group as the objective function for centralized optimization solution. It does not take into account the differentiated management of fatigue damage between the units in the field. The overall solution may lead to the premature aging and failure of some wind turbines.
[0005] 2. Existing technologies typically employ centralized optimization algorithms to solve for the global optimal solution. The computational complexity increases with the number of wind turbines, making it difficult to meet real-time requirements in engineering applications. Furthermore, they do not consider differentiated screening criteria and priority ranking mechanisms, resulting in the adjustment strategy failing to accurately match the actual state requirements of each wind turbine, leading to low adjustment efficiency or even negative returns. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This invention aims to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a collaborative control method for wind farm clusters optimized for wake effects. By calculating both cumulative damage and fatigue rate as dual indicators, wind turbines are categorized and screened, and yaw angles are optimized to achieve balanced cluster lifespan and synergistic improvement in power generation efficiency.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization, including: real-time acquisition of tower bending moment and blade flapping moment of each wind turbine in the wind farm cluster, and calculation of the effective stress amplitude of single fatigue load of tower and blade flapping based on the bending moment.
[0008] The damage value of a single fatigue load is calculated based on the effective stress amplitude at each time point. The cumulative damage value at each time point is analyzed based on the damage value of the single fatigue load at each time point. The type of wind turbine is determined based on the cumulative damage value of the wind turbine.
[0009] The fatigue accumulation rate corresponding to the flapping of the tower and blades is calculated based on the damage accumulation value, and the overall fatigue accumulation rate of the wind turbine is determined.
[0010] Based on the analysis of the total load reduction demand and the total load increase capacity of the fan type, the fans to be adjusted are selected based on the total load reduction demand and the total load increase capacity, and the adjustment priority of the fans to be adjusted is determined by combining the fatigue accumulation rate of each fan.
[0011] Adjust the yaw angle according to the set angle in sequence according to the adjustment priority of the fan to be adjusted, and determine the final yaw angle based on the comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate and comprehensive damage accumulation value during the adjustment process.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention collects the tower bending moment and blade flapping moment of each wind turbine in the wind farm cluster in real time, and calculates the effective stress amplitude of the single fatigue load of the tower and blade flapping based on the bending moment. The effective stress amplitude calculation result is close to the actual fatigue stress of the wind turbine, which improves the accuracy of the unit damage value calculation.
[0013] (2) The present invention calculates the damage value of a single fatigue load based on the effective stress amplitude at each time point, analyzes the comprehensive cumulative damage value at each time point based on the damage value of a single fatigue load at each time point, determines the type of wind turbine based on the comprehensive cumulative damage value of the wind turbine, intuitively quantifies the fatigue differentiation degree of the entire unit, and alleviates the problem of upstream wind turbines bearing asymmetrical loads for a long time and premature aging failure.
[0014] (3) The present invention analyzes the total demand for load reduction and the total capacity for load increase based on the type of fan, selects the fans to be adjusted based on the total demand for load reduction and the total capacity for load increase, determines the adjustment priority of the fans to be adjusted by combining the fatigue accumulation rate of each fan to be adjusted, reduces the scale of the fans to be adjusted, improves the efficiency of unit damage balancing, can quickly alleviate the fatigue accumulation of overworked fans, narrow the gap in fatigue accumulation of fans across the field, and improve the adjustment efficiency and real-time performance of the project.
[0015] (4) The present invention adjusts the yaw angle according to the adjustment priority of the wind turbine to be adjusted in sequence according to the set angle. The final yaw angle is determined based on the comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate and comprehensive damage accumulation value during the adjustment process. It takes into account the fatigue loss mitigation effect and wake suppression capability, improves the comprehensive adaptability of regulation, and improves the synergistic optimization level of power generation revenue and equipment life. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method steps of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the specific steps of the method for obtaining the comprehensive damage accumulation value in this invention.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steps in the method for determining the final yaw angle in this invention. Detailed Implementation
[0020] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale.
[0021] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification.
[0022] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
[0023] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization, including: S1, real-time acquisition of tower bending moment and blade flapping moment of each wind turbine in the wind farm cluster, and calculation of the effective stress amplitude of single fatigue load of tower and blade flapping based on the bending moment.
[0024] Considering that the root cause of fatigue damage to wind turbine towers and blades is the cyclic stress caused by alternating bending moments, relying solely on theoretical load models cannot match the dynamic stress changes caused by real-time turbulence and yaw disturbances during unit operation. Directly using the original bending moment data to convert stress can restore the actual alternating stress state of the unit. At the same time, the tower and blade structures and stress paths are very different, so the effective stress amplitudes of the two need to be calculated separately to characterize the fatigue damage potential of the two types of core components.
[0025] Based on this, the method for calculating the effective stress amplitude of a single fatigue load includes: S11, constructing a tower bending moment sequence based on the real-time acquired tower bending moment of the wind turbine, and extracting the stress amplitude and average stress of the most recent complete cycle. The specific implementation steps include: S111, acquiring the stress at each time point within a historical set time window, and filtering out local maxima and minima. Specifically, the section modulus of the tower's measured cross-section is obtained from the wind farm control system's backend database, and the ratio of the tower bending moment value at each time point to the section modulus is calculated to obtain the tower stress sequence. Here, the section modulus is a material property, a geometric characteristic that measures the structural member's resistance to bending.
[0026] In this embodiment, the historical time window is set to the past 5 minutes, but the implementer can also set other specific values.
[0027] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the local maximum and local minimum points is as follows: if the stress at a certain time point is greater than the stress at each of the three adjacent time points before and after it, then the time point is recorded as a local maximum point; if the stress at a certain time point is less than the stress at each of the three adjacent time points before and after it, then the time point is recorded as a local minimum point.
[0028] S112. Calculate the time interval between each adjacent local maximum point and the time interval between each adjacent local minimum point, remove abnormal time intervals, and record the average of the remaining time intervals as a cycle period.
[0029] Specifically, the mean and standard deviation of all time intervals are calculated. The sum of the mean and twice the standard deviation is recorded as the upper limit of the normal time interval range, and the difference between the mean and twice the standard deviation is recorded as the lower limit of the normal time interval range. Time intervals that are greater than the upper limit or less than the lower limit of the normal time interval range are removed. The normal time interval range satisfies a confidence interval of approximately 95.4%.
[0030] S113. Based on the cycle period, select the stress corresponding to each time point of the most recent complete cycle from each time point within the historical set time window, and record the average stress of each time point as the average stress.
[0031] S114. Obtain the difference between the local maximum and local minimum values in the most recent complete cycle, and record half of it as the stress amplitude.
[0032] S12. Obtain the ultimate stress of the tower material from the background database of the wind farm control system, calculate the difference between the ultimate stress and the average stress of the tower, and record the ratio of the difference to the ultimate stress as the current stress margin.
[0033] S13. The ratio of the tower stress amplitude to the corresponding current stress margin is recorded as the effective stress amplitude of a single fatigue load on the tower.
[0034] S14. Similarly, the effective stress amplitude of the single fatigue load of the tower is obtained by the analysis method based on the effective stress amplitude of the single fatigue load of the blade flapping.
[0035] This invention collects the tower bending moment and blade flapping moment of each wind turbine in a wind farm cluster in real time, and calculates the effective stress amplitude of the single fatigue load of the tower and blade flapping based on the bending moment. The calculation result of the effective stress amplitude closely matches the actual fatigue stress of the wind turbine, thus improving the accuracy of the calculation of the unit damage value.
[0036] S2. Calculate the damage value of a single fatigue load, analyze the cumulative damage value at each time point, and determine the type of fan.
[0037] Considering that the degree of damage caused by cyclic loads corresponding to different effective stress amplitudes varies greatly, simply superimposing the stress amplitude cannot quantify the degree of long-term aging; the operating conditions of each wind turbine in the field are significantly different, and the lack of a unified judgment standard to classify the unit type will lead to the lack of clear guidance for regulation. Therefore, we first quantify the total cumulative damage, and then classify the wind turbine type based on the damage distribution of the entire field.
[0038] Based on this, the specific implementation steps of S2 include: S21, calculating the damage value of a single fatigue load based on the effective stress amplitude at each time point, and analyzing the comprehensive cumulative damage value at each time point based on the damage value of the single fatigue load at each time point. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the specific implementation steps include: S211, based on the effective stress amplitude of the single fatigue load in each cycle, obtaining the corresponding design cycle number from the design cycle number under each stress and the design cycle number of the blade under each stress in the background database of the wind farm control system.
[0039] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of design cycles under each stress is obtained based on the SN curve of the material, wherein the SN curve is obtained through material fatigue testing; for stress values not directly recorded in the database, the corresponding number of design cycles can be determined by linear interpolation.
[0040] S212. The reciprocal of the corresponding design cycle number is recorded as the damage increment caused by each stress cycle. The sum of the damage increments caused by each stress cycle of the tower within the current control cycle is recorded as the tower damage increment within the current control cycle. In this embodiment, the control cycle is usually 10s to 10min, and 5min is used in this embodiment. The implementer can also set other specific values according to the actual situation.
[0041] S213. The cumulative damage value of the tower is obtained by summing the tower damage increments from each historical control cycle of the wind turbine. Similarly, the cumulative damage value of the blade is obtained based on the method for obtaining the cumulative damage value of the tower.
[0042] S214. The cumulative damage values of the blades and towers of each wind turbine are weighted and summed to obtain the comprehensive cumulative damage value. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, considering that the replacement cost and harm of tower damage are far greater than those of blade damage, the weight of the cumulative damage value of the tower is set higher than that of the cumulative damage value of the blades. In this embodiment, the weights of the cumulative damage value of the tower and the cumulative damage value of the blades are set to 60% and 40%, respectively. Implementers may also set other specific values, but the sum of the two must be 1.
[0043] S22. Determine the wind turbine type based on the cumulative comprehensive damage value of the wind turbine. The specific implementation steps include: S221. Obtain the average and standard deviation of the cumulative comprehensive damage values of all wind turbines. Based on the average and standard deviation, set the range of cumulative comprehensive damage values for the balancing wind turbines, and record this as the balancing range. Specifically, the sum of the average and three times the standard deviation is taken as the maximum value of the balancing range, and the difference between the average and three times the standard deviation is taken as the minimum value of the balancing range.
[0044] S222. If the cumulative value of the overall damage of a certain fan is within the balance range, then the type of the fan is recorded as a balanced fan.
[0045] S223. If the cumulative value of the comprehensive damage of a certain fan is greater than the maximum value of the balance range, then the type of the fan is recorded as an overworked fan.
[0046] S224. If the cumulative comprehensive damage value of a certain fan is less than the minimum value of the equilibrium range, then the fan type is designated as a margin fan.
[0047] This invention calculates the damage value of a single fatigue load based on the effective stress amplitude at each time point, analyzes the comprehensive cumulative damage value at each time point based on the damage value of the single fatigue load at each time point, and determines the wind turbine type based on the comprehensive cumulative damage value of the wind turbine. It intuitively quantifies the fatigue differentiation degree of the entire unit and alleviates the problem of upstream wind turbines bearing asymmetrical loads for a long time and premature aging failure.
[0048] S3. Calculate the fatigue accumulation rate corresponding to the flapping of the tower and blades based on the damage accumulation value, and determine the overall fatigue accumulation rate of the wind turbine.
[0049] Considering that the comprehensive damage accumulation value only represents the static aging stock of the unit and cannot reflect the current aging rate of the unit; some wind turbines have a moderate total current damage, but the load growth rate is extremely fast, and there is a risk of rapid failure in the short term. Relying solely on the stock index may easily miss high-risk units. Therefore, the dynamic damage accumulation rate is introduced to achieve a two-dimensional assessment of static stock and dynamic growth rate.
[0050] Based on this, the specific implementation steps of S3 include: S31, obtaining the cumulative damage value of the blade and the cumulative damage value of the tower over a set number of historical control cycles, and calculating the difference between the current cumulative damage value of the blade and the cumulative damage value of the blade in the earliest cycle of the set number of historical control cycles to obtain the cumulative damage change of the blade. For example, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cumulative damage values of the blade and the tower over the last five historical control cycles are obtained, and the control cycle furthest from the current time is recorded as the earliest cycle.
[0051] S32. Obtain the total duration of the historical control cycle for the set number of times, and record the ratio of the cumulative damage change of the blade to the total duration as the fatigue accumulation rate of the blade.
[0052] S33. Similarly, the fatigue accumulation rate of the tower can be calculated using the same method based on the fatigue accumulation rate of the blades.
[0053] Specifically, the difference between the current cumulative damage value of the tower and the cumulative damage value of the tower in the earliest period of the historical control cycle of the set number of times is calculated to obtain the cumulative damage change of the tower; the total duration of the historical control cycle of the set number of times is obtained, and the ratio of the cumulative damage change of the tower to the total duration is recorded as the fatigue accumulation rate of the tower.
[0054] S34. The maximum value between the fatigue accumulation rate of the blades and the fatigue accumulation rate of the tower of each wind turbine is taken as the overall fatigue accumulation rate of the wind turbine. By selecting the maximum value as the overall fatigue accumulation rate of the wind turbine, the fatigue accumulation rate of the weakest component of the wind turbine can be reflected, ensuring that the control strategy prioritizes the protection of the component with the highest risk.
[0055] This invention calculates the fatigue accumulation rate corresponding to the flapping of the tower and blades based on the damage accumulation value, determines the comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate of the wind turbine, realizes the dual-dimensional assessment of the static damage stock and dynamic aging rate of the unit, improves the comprehensiveness of wind turbine fatigue risk identification, realizes early warning of units with accelerated fatigue deterioration, and reduces the probability of wind turbine sudden structural failure shutdown.
[0056] S4. Select the fans to be adjusted and determine the adjustment priority of the fans to be adjusted.
[0057] Given the large number of wind turbines in the entire field, if all of them were to participate in the yaw iterative adjustment, it would significantly increase the computing load on the controller, making it difficult to meet the real-time control requirements. At the same time, there is a supply-demand matching relationship between the demand for reducing the load on overworked wind turbines and the capacity that spare wind turbines can bear to increase the load. It is necessary to first screen matching units and then sort them according to the severity of damage to ensure that control resources are given priority to the most severely damaged units.
[0058] Based on this, the specific implementation steps of S4 include: S41, analyzing the total load reduction demand and total load increase capacity according to the fan type, and selecting fans to be adjusted based on the total load reduction demand and total load increase capacity. The specific implementation steps include: S411, recording the difference between the cumulative comprehensive damage value of each overworked fan and the maximum value of the balance range as the load reduction demand, and recording the sum of the load reduction demands of all overworked fans as the total load reduction demand.
[0059] S412. The difference between the maximum value of the balance range and the cumulative value of the comprehensive damage of each spare fan is recorded as the increased load capacity, and the sum of the increased load capacities of all spare fans is recorded as the total increased load capacity.
[0060] S413. If the total demand for load reduction is less than or equal to the total capacity for load increase, then all fans of the overwork fan type and the overcapacity fan type are recorded as fans to be adjusted.
[0061] S414. If the total demand for load reduction is greater than the total capacity for load increase, sort the fans of the overworked type in descending order according to the cumulative value of comprehensive damage, and add up the load reduction demand of each overworked fan in sequence. When the sum is greater than or equal to the total capacity for load increase for the first time, select each overworked fan and all the spare fans corresponding to the current sum as the fans to be adjusted.
[0062] S42. Determine the adjustment priority of each fan to be adjusted based on its fatigue accumulation rate. The specific implementation steps include: S421. For each overworked fan among the fans to be adjusted, sort them in descending order according to their comprehensive damage accumulation value. For fans with the same comprehensive damage accumulation value, sort them in descending order based on their fatigue accumulation rate. Set the fan that ranks higher in the order to a higher adjustment priority.
[0063] S422. For each of the regulated fans with a margin, sort them in ascending order according to the cumulative value of comprehensive damage. Sort the fans with the same cumulative value of comprehensive damage in ascending order based on the fatigue accumulation rate. Set the higher the priority of the fan in the order.
[0064] This invention analyzes the total load reduction demand and total load increase capacity based on the type of fan, selects fans to be adjusted based on the total load reduction demand and total load increase capacity, determines the adjustment priority of each fan to be adjusted by combining the fatigue accumulation rate of each fan, reduces the scale of fans to be adjusted, improves the efficiency of unit damage balancing, can quickly alleviate the fatigue accumulation of overworked fans, narrow the fatigue accumulation gap of fans across the field, and improve adjustment efficiency and real-time performance of the project.
[0065] S5. Adjust the yaw angle according to the set angle in sequence according to the adjustment priority of the fan to be adjusted, and determine the final yaw angle based on the comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate and comprehensive damage accumulation value during the adjustment process.
[0066] Considering the two-way game relationship in yaw adjustment, reducing the yaw of overworked wind turbines can reduce their asymmetric load and alleviate fatigue, but weakens the wake deflection effect and reduces the overall power generation. Increasing the yaw of wind turbines with ample capacity can divert the wake and increase the overall power, but it will increase their own fatigue load. It is necessary to find the optimal solution step by step and set dual constraints to balance life and power generation benefits.
[0067] Based on this, such as Figure 3 As shown, the specific method for determining the final yaw angle includes: W1, based on the adjustment priority of each overworked fan, sequentially reducing the yaw angle of each overworked fan by a set angle, and measuring the current comprehensive damage accumulation value and current comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate of the current overworked fan. Specifically, in this embodiment, the set angle is 1°. The implementer can also set other specific values, but they should not be too large, so as not to cause the single adjustment span to be too large and make it impossible to achieve precise adjustment.
[0068] W2. Based on the comprehensive damage accumulation value and the current comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate, determine whether to stop the adjustment of the yaw angle, and record the yaw angle at which the adjustment is stopped as the final yaw angle. The specific implementation steps include: W21. When the comprehensive damage accumulation value of a wind turbine is within the equilibrium range during the adjustment process, obtain the current comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate.
[0069] W22. If the current overall fatigue accumulation rate is lower than the overall fatigue accumulation rate before adjustment, then stop adjusting the fan and adjust the next overworked fan according to the adjustment priority.
[0070] W23. Conversely, if the current overall fatigue accumulation rate is higher than the overall fatigue accumulation rate before adjustment, the yaw angle will continue to be reduced by the set angle until the overall fatigue accumulation rate at a certain time point is lower than the overall fatigue accumulation rate before adjustment or the yaw angle is zero. At that time, the adjustment of the fan will be stopped, and the next overworked fan will be handled according to the adjustment priority.
[0071] W3. After all the overworked wind turbines have been adjusted, the yaw angle of each overworked wind turbine is increased sequentially according to the set angle based on the adjustment priority of each overworked wind turbine to obtain the grid-connected power of the entire wind farm.
[0072] W4. When the grid-connected power begins to decrease or the cumulative value of comprehensive damage exceeds the maximum value of the balance range during the adjustment of a certain wind turbine, the adjustment of the wind turbine shall be stopped, and the yaw angle corresponding to the previous adjustment shall be restored and recorded as the final yaw angle. The next wind turbine with sufficient capacity shall be adjusted according to the adjustment priority.
[0073] This invention adjusts the yaw angle according to the adjustment priority of the wind turbine to be adjusted, and determines the final yaw angle based on the comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate and comprehensive damage accumulation value during the adjustment process. It takes into account both the fatigue loss mitigation effect and the wake suppression capability, improves the overall adaptability of the control, and enhances the synergistic optimization level of power generation revenue and equipment life.
[0074] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product.
[0075] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
[0076] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
[0077] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
[0078] Finally, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A wind farm cluster collaborative control method optimized for wake effect, characterized in that, include: The tower bending moment and blade flapping moment of each wind turbine in the wind farm cluster are collected in real time, and the effective stress amplitude of the single fatigue load of the tower and blade flapping is calculated based on the bending moment. The damage value of a single fatigue load is calculated based on the effective stress amplitude at each time point. The comprehensive cumulative damage value at each time point is analyzed based on the damage value of the single fatigue load at each time point. The type of wind turbine is determined based on the comprehensive cumulative damage value of the wind turbine. The fatigue accumulation rate corresponding to the flapping of the tower and blades is calculated based on the damage accumulation value, and the overall fatigue accumulation rate of the wind turbine is determined. Based on the analysis of the total load reduction demand and the total load increase capacity of the fan type, the fans to be adjusted are selected based on the total load reduction demand and the total load increase capacity, and the adjustment priority of the fans to be adjusted is determined by combining the fatigue accumulation rate of each fan. Adjust the yaw angle according to the set angle in sequence according to the adjustment priority of the fan to be adjusted, and determine the final yaw angle based on the comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate and comprehensive damage accumulation value during the adjustment process.
2. The wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the effective stress amplitude of a single fatigue load includes: Based on the tower bending moment of the wind turbine collected in real time, a tower bending moment sequence is constructed, from which the stress amplitude and average stress of the most recent complete cycle are extracted. The ultimate stress of the tower material is obtained from the back-end database of the wind farm control system. The difference between the ultimate stress and the average stress of the tower is calculated, and the ratio of the difference to the ultimate stress is recorded as the current stress margin. The ratio of the tower stress amplitude to the corresponding current stress margin is denoted as the effective stress amplitude of a single fatigue load on the tower. Similarly, the effective stress amplitude of the single fatigue load of the tower can be obtained by analyzing the effective stress amplitude of the single fatigue load of the blade flapping.
3. The wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization according to claim 2, characterized in that, The methods for obtaining the stress amplitude and average stress of the most recent complete cycle include: Obtain the stress at each time point within a historical set time window, and then filter out the local maxima and local minima. Calculate the time interval between each adjacent local maximum point and the time interval between each adjacent local minimum point, remove the abnormal time intervals, and record the average of the remaining time intervals as a cycle period; Based on the cycle period, the stress at each time point corresponding to the most recent complete cycle is selected from each time point within the historical set time window, and the average stress at each time point is recorded as the average stress. Obtain the difference between the local maxima and local minima in the most recent complete cycle, and record half of it as the stress amplitude.
4. The wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the comprehensive cumulative damage value includes: Based on the effective stress amplitude of the single fatigue load in each cycle, the corresponding design cycle number is obtained from the design cycle number under each stress and the design cycle number of the blade under each stress in the background database of the wind farm control system. The reciprocal of the corresponding design cycle number is recorded as the damage increment caused by each stress cycle, and the sum of the damage increments caused by each stress cycle of the tower in the current control cycle is recorded as the tower damage increment in the current control cycle. The cumulative damage value of the tower is obtained by summing the tower damage increments from each historical control cycle of the wind turbine. Similarly, the cumulative damage value of the blade is obtained by using the same method as the tower damage accumulation value. The cumulative damage value is obtained by weighted summing of the cumulative damage values of the blades and towers of each wind turbine.
5. The wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for determining the type of fan includes: Obtain the average and standard deviation of the total cumulative damage value of all fans, and set the range of the total cumulative damage value of the balancing fans based on the average and standard deviation, and record it as the balancing range; If the cumulative comprehensive damage value of a certain fan is within the balance range, then the type of the fan is recorded as a balanced fan. If the cumulative value of the overall damage of a certain fan is greater than the maximum value of the balance range, then the fan type is recorded as an overworked fan. If the cumulative total damage of a certain fan is less than the minimum value of the balance range, then the fan type is recorded as a margin fan.
6. The wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization according to claim 4, characterized in that, The analysis method for the overall fatigue accumulation rate of the wind turbine includes: Obtain the cumulative damage value of the blade and the cumulative damage value of the tower for a set number of historical control cycles. Calculate the difference between the current cumulative damage value of the blade and the cumulative damage value of the blade in the earliest cycle of the set number of historical control cycles to obtain the cumulative damage change of the blade. Obtain the total duration of the historical control cycles for a set number of times, and record the ratio of the cumulative damage change of the blade to the total duration as the fatigue accumulation rate of the blade. Similarly, the fatigue accumulation rate of the tower can be calculated using the same method as the fatigue accumulation rate of the blades. The maximum value between the fatigue accumulation rate of the blades and the fatigue accumulation rate of the tower of each wind turbine is taken as the comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate of the wind turbine.
7. The wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for screening the fans to be adjusted includes: The difference between the cumulative comprehensive damage value of each overworked fan and the maximum value of the balance range is recorded as the load reduction requirement, and the sum of the load reduction requirements of all overworked fans is recorded as the total load reduction requirement. The difference between the maximum value of the balance range and the cumulative value of the comprehensive damage of each spare wind turbine is recorded as the increased load capacity, and the sum of the increased load capacities of all spare wind turbines is recorded as the total increased load capacity. If the total demand for load reduction is less than or equal to the total capacity for load increase, then all fans of the overwork fan type and the overcapacity fan type are recorded as fans to be adjusted. If the total demand for load reduction is greater than the total capacity for load increase, the fans of the overwork type are sorted in descending order according to the cumulative value of comprehensive damage, and the load reduction demand of each overworked fan is added up in sequence. When the sum is greater than or equal to the total capacity for load increase for the first time, the overworked fans corresponding to the current sum and all the spare fans are selected as the fans to be adjusted.
8. The wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining the adjustment priority of the fan to be adjusted is as follows: For each overworked fan among the fans to be adjusted, sort them in descending order according to the cumulative value of comprehensive damage. For fans with the same cumulative value of comprehensive damage, sort them in descending order based on the fatigue accumulation rate. Set the higher adjustment priority for the fans that are ranked earlier. For each of the fans with ample capacity among the fans to be adjusted, they are sorted in ascending order according to the cumulative value of comprehensive damage. Fans with the same cumulative value of comprehensive damage are sorted in ascending order based on the fatigue accumulation rate, and the fans that are ranked higher are assigned a higher adjustment priority.
9. The wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific methods for determining the final yaw angle include: Based on the adjustment priority of each overwork fan, the yaw angle of each overwork fan is reduced sequentially according to the set angle, and the comprehensive damage accumulation value and the current comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate of the current overwork fan are measured. The decision to stop adjusting the yaw angle is based on the comprehensive damage accumulation value and the current comprehensive fatigue accumulation rate. The yaw angle at which the adjustment is stopped is recorded as the final yaw angle. After all the overworked wind turbines have been adjusted, the yaw angle of each overworked wind turbine is increased sequentially according to the set angle based on the adjustment priority of each overworked wind turbine, so as to obtain the grid-connected power of the entire wind farm. When the grid-connected power begins to decrease or the cumulative value of comprehensive damage exceeds the maximum value of the balance range during the adjustment of a certain wind turbine, the adjustment of the wind turbine is stopped, and the yaw angle corresponding to the previous adjustment is restored. This yaw angle is recorded as the final yaw angle, and the next wind turbine with sufficient capacity is adjusted according to the adjustment priority.
10. A wind farm cluster collaborative control method for wake effect optimization according to claim 9, characterized in that, The steps for deciding whether to stop adjusting the yaw angle include: When a fan is adjusted and its overall damage accumulation value is within the equilibrium range, the current overall fatigue accumulation rate is obtained. If the current overall fatigue accumulation rate is lower than the overall fatigue accumulation rate before adjustment, then the adjustment of the fan is stopped, and the next overworked fan is adjusted according to the adjustment priority. Conversely, if the current overall fatigue accumulation rate is higher than the overall fatigue accumulation rate before adjustment, the yaw angle will continue to be reduced by the set angle until the overall fatigue accumulation rate at a certain time point is lower than the overall fatigue accumulation rate before adjustment or the yaw angle is zero. At that point, the adjustment of the fan will be stopped, and the next overworked fan will be handled according to the adjustment priority.