Workpiece automatic identification and distribution system in tempering production line and use method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of workpiece automatic identification and shunting system in tempering production line and its use method, belong to heat treatment equipment technical field, including feeding conveying line, purging cleaning device, high-temperature RFID reader, industrial camera and light source, central control unit, shunting execution mechanism and multiple conveying branch line, tray is fixed with high-temperature RFID label and sprayed with visible characteristic code, central control unit receives the first identity information read by RFID reader and the second identity information decoded by industrial camera, generates normal shunting instruction or abnormal shunting instruction by comparing the consistency of both and combining built-in process database.The present application uses dual-mode redundancy identification and active comparison mistake-proof mechanism, can realize single identification fault tolerance continuous operation in high-temperature oil environment, automatically intercepts when information is inconsistent, effectively avoids wrong furnace accident, significantly improves production line reliability and intelligent level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat treatment equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic workpiece identification and sorting system and its usage method in a tempering production line. Background Technology

[0002] In the heat treatment process of mechanical parts, tempering is a key process that determines the final mechanical properties of the parts. With the popularization of multi-variety, small-batch production mode, the same tempering production line often needs to process workpieces of different grades of steel and different sizes and specifications alternately. Different workpieces have significantly different requirements for tempering temperature and holding time. If the workpiece is sent to the wrong tempering furnace or the wrong process parameters are used, it will lead to product scrapping or even production safety accidents.

[0003] Traditional methods rely on manual tagging or visual identification on pallets, which is inefficient and prone to errors. Some production lines have introduced single identification technologies, such as ordinary RFID tags or barcodes. However, the environment of tempering production lines is extremely harsh: after the previous process (such as quenching and cleaning), the workpiece surface has a large amount of cutting fluid and oil stains, and the temperature of the pallet can reach 80℃~120℃ when it enters the identification area because it has just left the previous heat treatment process. Under this environment, ordinary RFID tags will suffer chip damage or antenna detachment after a few high-temperature cycles, with a failure rate of 15%~20% within 3 months. Paper or ordinary ink barcodes are easily covered by oil stains or carbonized and detached by high temperature, resulting in a reading success rate of less than 85%. Once a single identification method fails (such as tag damage, reader failure, barcode contamination), it will cause the entire production line to stop or information to be disordered, and operators will have to intervene manually. Every hour of downtime can cause production losses of thousands of yuan.

[0004] Some existing technologies have proposed dual identification schemes, such as using RFID and barcodes simultaneously in ambient temperature warehousing and logistics. However, when such schemes are directly applied to tempering lines, they have two major drawbacks: First, they do not perform device selection and pretreatment for high-temperature oily environments, causing the identification devices to fail quickly. Second, their logic is usually "release if any identification is successful," which cannot detect human input errors such as inconsistent identity information (e.g., different label and barcode content). Such errors are one of the main causes of misfire accidents. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic identification and diversion system that can adapt to the harsh environment of high-temperature oily conditions, has redundancy and fault tolerance capabilities, and can actively detect inconsistencies in information. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an automatic workpiece identification and sorting system and its usage method in a tempering production line, aiming to solve the problems of unreliable workpiece identification in high temperature and oily environments, production line shutdown caused by single identification failure, and inconsistency of information that cannot be automatically detected.

[0006] The present invention provides the following solution to the above-mentioned technical problems: an automatic workpiece identification and diversion system and its usage method in a tempering production line, comprising a feeding conveyor line, a blowing and cleaning device, a main identification module, an auxiliary identification module, a central control unit, a diversion actuator, a conveying branch line in front of the tempering furnace, and an abnormal diversion branch line, wherein the feeding conveyor line is used to convey a pallet loaded with workpieces;

[0007] The blowing and cleaning device is located in front of the identification station of the feeding conveyor line and is used to blow compressed air onto the pallet surface and the workpiece.

[0008] The main identification module includes at least one high-temperature resistant RFID reader / writer, used to read the workpiece identification information stored in the high-temperature resistant RFID tag fixed on the pallet;

[0009] The auxiliary identification module includes at least one industrial camera and a light source connected thereto, used to capture and decode the visible feature code on the surface of the pallet;

[0010] The central control unit is electrically connected to the main identification module, the auxiliary identification module and the diversion execution mechanism, and contains a process database and comparison and judgment logic.

[0011] The diversion actuator is installed on the feeding conveyor line after the identification station;

[0012] The pre-tempering conveyor branch line is provided with one or more, and the pre-tempering conveyor branch line and the abnormal diversion branch line are respectively controlled by the diversion actuator and selectively connected to the feeding conveyor line.

[0013] The central control unit receives the first identity information read by the main identification module and the second identity information read by the auxiliary identification module, compares the two, and if they match and are both successfully read, it queries the process database based on the read identity information to determine the tempering furnace number and corresponding branch line number that the pallet should enter, and generates a normal diversion command; if the two do not match, or if both fail to read, an abnormal diversion command is generated; if only one is successfully read, the successfully read identity information is used as the standard, the process database is queried and a normal diversion command is generated, and the fault information of the other identification module is recorded at the same time; the central control unit sends the generated diversion command to the diversion execution mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the high-temperature resistant RFID tag adopts a ceramic-encapsulated RFID tag with a temperature resistance of not less than 350℃; the visible feature code is a one-dimensional code or a Data Matrix code printed with high-temperature ink; the visible feature code is consistent with the identity information stored in the high-temperature resistant RFID tag, and serves as a backup for each other. The ceramic-encapsulated RFID tag and the high-temperature ink code can withstand the high temperature (80~120℃) and oily environment of the pre-tempering process of the production line, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the identification element; the consistency of the two contents and their mutual backup provide a basis for subsequent fault-tolerant comparison, significantly improving the system's survivability in harsh environments.

[0015] Furthermore, the central control unit includes a data receiving module, a comparison module, a query module, an instruction output module, an exception handling module, and a fault-tolerant recording module, wherein: the data receiving module is used to simultaneously receive the reading results from the main identification module and the auxiliary identification module; the comparison module is used to determine whether the two reading results match; the query module is used to retrieve the corresponding target tempering furnace number and process parameters from the process database based on the successfully matched identity information; the instruction output module is used to send a diversion instruction to the diversion execution mechanism; the exception handling module is used to activate an exception handling program when the comparison is inconsistent or the dual identification fails, and the exception handling program includes at least: controlling the diversion execution mechanism to connect... The system triggers audible and visual alarms, records fault information, and uploads it to the production management system when an abnormal branch line is connected. The fault-tolerant recording module records the fault type of the other identification module and uploads it when only one identification is successful, without interrupting the normal branching process. Through modular design, data reception, comparison, query, instruction output, abnormal handling, and fault-tolerant recording are separated, achieving logically clear automatic control. In particular, the collaboration between the abnormal handling module and the fault-tolerant recording module can promptly intercept the problem tray and trigger an alarm when information is inconsistent or completely failed, and can also maintain the production line's continued operation and record the fault for subsequent maintenance when a single identification is successful, truly achieving "non-stop fault tolerance" and avoiding production line shutdowns due to a single identification failure.

[0016] Furthermore, the diversion actuator is a swing-type or push-plate type diverter, driven by a cylinder or servo motor. The swing-type or push-plate type diverter has a simple structure and a rapid response (it can complete the reversal within 0.5 seconds), and can reliably guide the pallet to different branches to meet the requirements of the fast cycle time of the tempering production line.

[0017] Furthermore, the feeding conveyor line is equipped with a pallet positioning sensor and a pallet stop block at the identification station. The positioning sensor and the stop block together stop the pallet at the optimal reading or shooting position of the main identification module and the auxiliary identification module, and the positioning tolerance of this position does not exceed ±5mm. Precise positioning (within ±5mm) ensures that the fixed field of view of the industrial camera always covers the visible feature code area, and also ensures the relative position stability of the RFID reader antenna and the tag, thereby greatly improving the success rate and stability of dual identification and avoiding misreading caused by pallet position deviation.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for automatic identification and sorting of workpieces in a tempering production line using the above system, comprising the following steps: Step S1, loading the workpieces to be tempered onto a pallet, each pallet being fixed with a high-temperature resistant RFID tag and sprayed or pasted with a visible feature code, wherein the high-temperature resistant RFID tag contains the unique identification code and process route information of the batch of workpieces, and the visible feature code contains the same unique identification code.

[0019] Step S2: Start the feeding conveyor line. The pallets will move sequentially to the bottom of the blowing and cleaning device to receive compressed air blowing to remove surface oil and debris.

[0020] Step S3: The pallet continues to move forward to the identification station, where the positioning sensor triggers the stop block to accurately position the pallet, with the positioning tolerance controlled within ±5mm.

[0021] In step S4, the central control unit simultaneously activates the main identification module and the auxiliary identification module: the high-temperature resistant RFID reader reads the RFID tag to obtain the first identity information; the industrial camera captures the visual feature code and decodes it to obtain the second identity information;

[0022] In step S5, the central control unit compares the first identity information with the second identity information: if they match and both are successfully read, the system queries the process database based on the identity information to determine the tempering furnace number and corresponding branch line number into which the pallet should enter, and generates a normal diversion instruction; if they do not match, or both fail to be read, an abnormal diversion instruction is generated; if only one of them is successfully read, the system queries the process database based on the successfully read identity information and generates a normal diversion instruction, while simultaneously recording the fault information of the other identification module and uploading it to the production management system.

[0023] Step S6: The diversion actuator operates according to the diversion command, sending the tray into the corresponding conveyor branch line in front of the tempering furnace or the abnormal diversion branch line.

[0024] In step S7, after the pallet enters the pre-tempering conveyor branch line, it is fed into the tempering furnace by the corresponding furnace front feeding mechanism; the pallet entering the abnormal diversion branch line awaits manual handling.

[0025] Furthermore, when the first identity information and the second identity information do not match, the central control unit records the image information and reads the data of the tray, and triggers an audible and visual alarm. At the same time, the tray is guided to the abnormal diversion branch. When both identifications are successful but the contents are different (usually due to human error or mixed use of trays), the evidence is automatically recorded, an alarm is triggered, and the tray is diverted to prevent the wrong tray from entering the tempering furnace. This achieves proactive error prevention, which is a key safety function that the existing "release upon successful identification" scheme does not have.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S4: if the high-temperature resistant RFID reader fails to read the data but the industrial camera succeeds, the central control unit uses the second identity information as the standard, and simultaneously uploads the RFID tag fault information of the tray to the production management system, and continues to execute the normal diversion process in step S5; if the industrial camera fails to read the data but the high-temperature resistant RFID reader succeeds, the first identity information is used as the standard, and the visible feature code contamination or wear information is recorded, while continuing to execute the normal diversion process in step S5; if both fail to read the data, an abnormal diversion instruction is directly generated, clarifying the handling strategies for three single identification failure scenarios—as long as at least one identification is successful, the production line can continue to operate, and fault information is recorded for preventive maintenance, achieving high availability and fault-tolerant operation; while in the case of double failure, direct diversion is performed to prevent unidentified trays from flowing into subsequent processes.

[0027] Furthermore, the process database in step S5 is stored in the internal memory of the central control unit or obtained online through a network connection with the manufacturing execution system. The content of the process database includes at least: workpiece type, corresponding tempering temperature, holding time, and target tempering furnace number. The process database can be stored locally (fast response, not dependent on the network) or obtained in real time through a network connection with the MES system (supports dynamic process adjustment), flexibly adapting to the automation level of different factories. The database content is directly related to the tempering process parameters, providing a data foundation for the subsequent automatic issuance of furnace temperature control commands.

[0028] Furthermore, after step S6, the process also includes: the central control unit uploading the identity information, main identification result, auxiliary identification result, comparison result, diversion destination and timestamp of each pallet to the manufacturing execution system to form a traceable production record, which fully records the identification and diversion process data of each pallet, providing a reliable basis for quality traceability, equipment OEE analysis, process optimization and fault early warning, and meeting the requirements of Industry 4.0 for data transparency.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an automatic workpiece identification and sorting system and its usage method in a tempering production line, which has the following advantages:

[0030] 1. It has high reliability and fault tolerance. Through the dual-mode redundancy design of high temperature resistant RFID and high temperature ink visual code, combined with the logic of "single success fault tolerance continuation and double failure abnormal diversion", the system can still run uninterrupted when any identification method fails in harsh environments, which significantly reduces downtime.

[0031] 2. It has an active error prevention function. By comparing the consistency of two identity information, it can automatically detect the pallets with inconsistent information caused by human input errors or pallet mixing, and divert them to abnormal branch lines to effectively prevent misfire accidents.

[0032] 3. It has better environmental adaptability. The combination of the purging and cleaning device and high-temperature resistant components (ceramic RFID, high-temperature ink code) enables the system to work stably for a long time in the pre-tempering process with oil and high temperature (80~120℃).

[0033] 4. It enables flexible production and full-process traceability. The built-in process database supports automatic matching of target furnace number and process parameters for multiple types of workpieces without manual intervention. All identification and diversion records are uploaded to the MES system in real time to achieve complete data traceability.

[0034] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0036] Fig. 1 This invention provides a system architecture diagram of an automatic workpiece identification and sorting system and its usage method in a tempering production line, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Fig. 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an automatic workpiece identification and sorting system and its usage method in a tempering production line, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figs. 1-2The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The invention is described more specifically in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the invention.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0040] Example 1, please refer to the attached figure. This example provides an automatic workpiece identification and diversion system in a tempering production line. The system is specifically applied to a tempering production line that processes multiple types of gears at the same time. The production line is equipped with three tempering furnaces with different process parameters (for example, furnace No. 1 is used for low temperature tempering, furnace No. 2 is used for medium temperature tempering, and furnace No. 3 is used for high temperature tempering).

[0041] The system mainly includes a feeding conveyor line, a purging and cleaning device, a main identification module, an auxiliary identification module, a central control unit, a diversion actuator, three conveying branches in front of the tempering furnace, and one abnormal diversion branch.

[0042] The feeding conveyor line uses a roller conveyor to carry and transport pallets loaded with workpieces. The pallets are made of metal and have high-temperature resistant RFID tags fixed on them, with visible feature codes sprayed on prominent positions on the sides.

[0043] The blowing and cleaning device is installed about 500 mm in front of the identification station of the feeding conveyor line. The device includes a set of high-pressure air nozzles and solenoid valves. When the pallet passes by, the solenoid valves open automatically and blow compressed air of 0.6 MPa onto the pallet surface and the workpiece, effectively removing oil stains, water stains and metal debris left over from the previous process.

[0044] The main identification module includes a high-temperature resistant RFID reader / writer with an operating frequency of 13.56 MHz. The RFID reader / writer is fixedly installed about 150 mm directly above the identification station.

[0045] The auxiliary identification module includes a five-megapixel industrial camera and a matching ring LED light source. The industrial camera is also installed directly above the identification station, side by side with the RFID reader. The ring light source provides uniform, shadowless illumination to overcome the problem of reflection on the metal surface.

[0046] The core of the central control unit is a programmable logic controller (PLC) with an industrial-grade embedded industrial computer built in. The PLC is responsible for the underlying I / O control and logic execution, while the industrial computer has a built-in process database and complex comparison and judgment logic. The central control unit is electrically connected to the RFID reader, industrial camera and the driver of the shunt actuator.

[0047] The diversion actuator adopts a swing-type diverter, driven by a rodless cylinder. This mechanism is set on the feeding conveyor line after the identification station. Its swing arm can complete the reversal within 0.5 seconds under PLC control, guiding the pallet to different branches.

[0048] The branch lines consist of three conveyor lines leading to tempering furnaces No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 respectively; the abnormal diversion branch line leads to a manual processing station. All branch lines are controlled by the diversion actuator and selectively connect to the feeding conveyor line.

[0049] In this embodiment, the high-temperature resistant RFID tag uses a ceramic-encapsulated tag that can withstand temperatures of no less than 350 degrees Celsius. It stores the unique ID of the workpiece on the current tray (e.g., "gear-22A-001") and the corresponding process route information. The visible feature code is a Data Matrix QR code printed with high-temperature ink, and its content is completely consistent with the unique ID stored in the RFID tag. The two serve as backups for each other. This configuration ensures the long-term stability of the identification element in high-temperature and oily environments of 80 to 120 degrees Celsius.

[0050] Please refer to the attached diagram for the system workflow. The system in this embodiment performs automatic identification and traffic distribution according to the following steps;

[0051] Preparation phase: Production management personnel issue production tasks in the Manufacturing Execution System (MES). Subsequently, operators load the gear workpieces to be tempered onto pallets. Each pallet is fixed with a high-temperature resistant RFID tag, which has been written with the unique identification code (such as "gear-22A-001") and process route information of the batch of workpieces via a handheld terminal. At the same time, the Data Matrix code sprayed on the side of the pallet also contains the same unique identification code.

[0052] Cleaning stage: Start the feeding conveyor line, and the pallets carrying the workpieces move forward in sequence. When the pallet reaches the bottom of the blowing and cleaning device, the position sensor is triggered, and the high-pressure air nozzle is automatically opened to blow compressed air onto the surface of the pallet and the workpiece for three seconds, effectively removing oil and debris from the surface and creating good conditions for subsequent identification.

[0053] Precise positioning stage: The pallet continues to advance to the identification station, where a pair of photoelectric sensors (positioning sensors) and a stop block driven by a cylinder are installed. When the front end of the pallet blocks the photoelectric sensor, the PLC immediately controls the stop block to rise, precisely blocking the pallet at the optimal working position of the RFID reader and industrial camera. Through debugging, the positioning tolerance at this position is controlled within ±5 mm, ensuring the stability and success rate of RFID reading and image capture.

[0054] Dual identification phase: After the tray stops, the central control unit simultaneously activates the main identification module and the auxiliary identification module.

[0055] The RFID reader attempts to read the high-temperature resistant RFID tag on the tray to obtain initial identification information.

[0056] Meanwhile, under the supplementary lighting of a ring light source, the industrial camera captures the Data Matrix code on the side of the tray, which is then decoded by internal image processing software to obtain secondary identity information.

[0057] The reading results from both identification modules are returned to the central control unit within milliseconds.

[0058] The comparison, judgment, and fault tolerance phase: The PLC and industrial computer inside the central control unit work together to execute the core comparison and judgment logic. Specifically, this involves the following scenarios:

[0059] Scenario 1 (Double Success and Consistency): Assuming the RFID reader successfully reads "Gear-22A-001" and the industrial camera also successfully decodes "Gear-22A-001", the comparison module in the PLC determines that the two are consistent. The query module then uses "Gear-22A-001" as the index to query the process database. The process database (which can be stored locally or retrieved from the MES in real time) shows that this type of gear should undergo medium-temperature tempering and is designated to enter the No. 2 tempering furnace. The instruction output module then generates the instruction "Normal diversion to the No. 2 branch line".

[0060] Scenario 2 (Single Success Fault Tolerance):

[0061] Sub-case 2A: The RFID reader fails to read the tag (e.g., the tag is damaged due to a collision), but the industrial camera successfully decodes "gear-22A-001". In this case, the fault-tolerant recording module records the "RFID tag failure" information and uploads it to the MES system. At the same time, the query module uses the successful second identity information as the basis to query the process database and generate a normal diversion instruction. The production line continues to run without stopping.

[0062] Sub-case 2B: The industrial camera fails to decode because the visible feature code is severely obscured by oil, but the RFID reading is successful. Similarly, the fault-tolerant recording module records the "visual feature code contamination" information, and the system continues to triage based on the first identity information.

[0063] Scenario 3 (Double failure or inconsistency):

[0064] Sub-case 3A (Double Failure): If neither of the two identification modules returns valid identity information, the anomaly handling module will be activated immediately, generating an "anomaly diversion command", triggering an audible and visual alarm, and recording the "double identification failure" fault.

[0065] Sub-case 3B (Inconsistency): Suppose the RFID reads as "gear-22A-001" while the camera decodes as "gear-22B-002". This usually means that the label and code on the pallet do not match. It may be due to operator input error or mixed use of pallets. The anomaly handling module is also activated, generating an "anomaly diversion command", triggering an audible and visual alarm, and recording detailed information of "inconsistent identity information". At the same time, the current pallet image captured by the industrial camera is saved as evidence.

[0066] Diversion execution phase: The cylinders of the diversion actuator move according to the received instructions.

[0067] If it is a normal diversion command (such as to branch line 2), the swing arm swings to the position connecting the feeding conveyor line and the conveyor branch line in front of the No. 2 tempering furnace, and the pallet slides smoothly into the branch line.

[0068] If it is an abnormal diversion command, the swing arm will connect the feeding conveyor line and the abnormal diversion branch line to send the problematic pallet to the manual processing area.

[0069] Post-processing stage: After the pallets entering the normal branch line arrive at the furnace front loading position, they are automatically sent into the corresponding tempering furnace for heat treatment by the robot. However, the pallets entering the abnormal diversion branch line are manually inspected and the problems are handled by the operators (such as re-entering information, cleaning labels or replacing pallets). After repair, they are put back into the loading line.

[0070] Data traceability: After each pallet is sorted, the central control unit automatically packages and uploads the pallet's identity information, main identification result, auxiliary identification result, comparison result, sorting destination, execution time, and any fault information to the MES system via industrial Ethernet. This data forms a complete and traceable production record, providing valuable evidence for quality analysis and equipment maintenance.

[0071] In summary, the system and method provided in this embodiment effectively solve the identification problem in the high-temperature oily environment of the tempering production line through high-temperature dual-mode identification, cleaning pretreatment, precise positioning, and unique fault-tolerant comparison logic. Its "single success fault tolerance continuation" capability greatly reduces the risk of production line downtime, while its proactive error prevention mechanism of "abnormal diversion if double success is inconsistent" fundamentally eliminates furnace accidents caused by information errors, significantly improving the intelligence level and operational reliability of the heat treatment production line.

[0072] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Content not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention based on the accompanying drawings and the above description. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, utilizing the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic workpiece identification and diversion system in a tempering production line, comprising a feeding conveyor line, a purging and cleaning device, a main identification module, an auxiliary identification module, a central control unit, a diversion actuator, a conveying branch line in front of the tempering furnace, and an abnormal diversion branch line, characterized in that: The feeding conveyor line is used to transport pallets loaded with workpieces; The blowing and cleaning device is located in front of the identification station of the feeding conveyor line and is used to blow compressed air onto the pallet surface and the workpiece. The main identification module includes at least one high-temperature resistant RFID reader / writer, used to read the workpiece identification information stored in the high-temperature resistant RFID tag fixed on the pallet; The auxiliary identification module includes at least one industrial camera and a light source connected thereto, used to capture and decode the visible feature code on the surface of the pallet; The central control unit is electrically connected to the main identification module, the auxiliary identification module and the diversion execution mechanism, and contains a process database and comparison and judgment logic. The diversion actuator is installed on the feeding conveyor line after the identification station; The pre-tempering conveyor branch line is provided with one or more, and the pre-tempering conveyor branch line and the abnormal diversion branch line are respectively controlled by the diversion actuator and selectively connected to the feeding conveyor line. The central control unit receives the first identity information read by the main identification module and the second identity information read by the auxiliary identification module, compares the two, and if the two are consistent and both are successfully read, it queries the process database based on the read identity information to determine the tempering furnace number and corresponding branch line number that the pallet should enter, and generates a normal diversion command. If the two are inconsistent, or both fail to be read, an abnormal diversion command is generated. If only one of them is successfully read, the successfully read identity information is used as the standard, the process database is queried and a normal diversion command is generated, and the fault information of the other identification module is recorded at the same time. The central control unit sends the generated diversion command to the diversion execution mechanism.

2. The automatic workpiece identification and sorting system in a tempering production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature resistant RFID tag is a ceramic-encapsulated RFID tag with a temperature resistance of not less than 350℃; the visible feature code is a one-dimensional code or a Data Matrix code printed with high-temperature ink; the visible feature code is consistent with the identity information stored in the high-temperature resistant RFID tag and serves as a backup for each other.

3. The automatic workpiece identification and sorting system in a tempering production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control unit includes a data receiving module, a comparison module, a query module, an instruction output module, an exception handling module, and a fault tolerance recording module. The data receiving module is used to simultaneously receive the reading results from the main identification module and the auxiliary identification module; The comparison module is used to determine whether two read results match. The query module is used to retrieve the corresponding target tempering furnace number and process parameters from the process database based on the successfully matched identity information. The instruction output module is used to send diversion instructions to the diversion execution mechanism; The exception handling module is used to start the exception handling program when the comparison is inconsistent or the dual identification fails. The exception handling program includes at least: controlling the diversion actuator to connect the abnormal diversion branch, triggering the audible and visual alarm, recording the fault information and uploading it to the production management system. as well as The fault-tolerant recording module is used to record the fault type of the other recognition module and upload it when only one recognition is successful, without interrupting the normal diversion process.

4. The automatic workpiece identification and sorting system in a tempering production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diversion actuator is a swing-type or push-plate type diverter, driven by a cylinder or servo motor.

5. The automatic workpiece identification and sorting system in a tempering production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding conveyor line is equipped with a pallet positioning sensor and a pallet stop block at the identification station. The positioning sensor and the stop block together stop the pallet at the optimal reading or shooting position of the main identification module and the auxiliary identification module, and the positioning tolerance of this position does not exceed ±5mm.

6. A method for automatic identification and sorting of workpieces in a tempering production line using the system described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Load the workpieces to be tempered onto a tray. Each tray is fixed with a high-temperature resistant RFID tag and has a visible feature code sprayed or pasted on it. The high-temperature resistant RFID tag contains the unique identification code and process route information of the batch of workpieces. The visible feature code contains the same unique identification code. Step S2: Start the feeding conveyor line. The pallets will move sequentially to the bottom of the blowing and cleaning device to receive compressed air blowing to remove surface oil and debris. Step S3: The pallet continues to move forward to the identification station, where the positioning sensor triggers the stop block to accurately position the pallet, with the positioning tolerance controlled within ±5mm. In step S4, the central control unit simultaneously activates the main identification module and the auxiliary identification module: the high-temperature resistant RFID reader reads the RFID tag to obtain the first identity information; the industrial camera captures the visual feature code and decodes it to obtain the second identity information; Step S5: The central control unit compares the first identity information with the second identity information. If both match and are successfully read, the process database is queried based on the identity information to determine the tempering furnace number and corresponding branch line number that this pallet should enter, and a normal diversion instruction is generated. If the two are inconsistent, or if both fail to read, an abnormal flow splitting instruction is generated; If only one of them is successfully read, the process database is queried based on the identity information of the successfully read module and a normal diversion instruction is generated. At the same time, the fault information of the other identification module is recorded and uploaded to the production management system. Step S6: The diversion actuator operates according to the diversion command, sending the tray into the corresponding conveyor branch line in front of the tempering furnace or the abnormal diversion branch line. In step S7, after the pallet enters the pre-tempering conveyor branch line, it is fed into the tempering furnace by the corresponding furnace front feeding mechanism; the pallet entering the abnormal diversion branch line awaits manual handling.

7. The method for automatic identification and sorting of workpieces in a tempering production line according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S5, when the first identity information and the second identity information do not match, the central control unit records the image information and reads the data of the tray, triggers an audible and visual alarm, and guides the tray to the abnormal diversion branch.

8. The method for automatic identification and sorting of workpieces in a tempering production line according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4: if the high-temperature resistant RFID reader fails to read the data but the industrial camera succeeds, the central control unit uses the second identity information as the standard, and simultaneously uploads the RFID tag fault information of the tray to the production management system, and continues to execute the normal diversion process in step S5. If the industrial camera fails to read the data but the high-temperature resistant RFID reader succeeds, the first identity information will be used as the standard, and the visible feature code contamination or wear information will be recorded. At the same time, the normal diversion process in step S5 will continue to be executed. If both reads fail, an exception splitting instruction is generated directly.

9. The method for automatic identification and sorting of workpieces in a tempering production line according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process database in step S5 is stored in the internal memory of the central control unit, or can be obtained online by connecting to the manufacturing execution system. The process database includes at least the following information: workpiece type, corresponding tempering temperature, holding time, and target tempering furnace number.

10. The method for automatic identification and sorting of workpieces in a tempering production line according to claim 6, characterized in that, After step S6, the process also includes: the central control unit uploads the identity information, main identification result, auxiliary identification result, comparison result, diversion destination and timestamp of each pallet to the manufacturing execution system to form a traceable production record.

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