Numerically controlled machine tool cutter with chip breaking, chip cleaning and cooling and numerically controlled machine tool thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of CNC machine tool cutting tool technology, specifically relating to a CNC machine tool cutting tool and a CNC machine tool thereof that integrates chip breaking, chip removal, and cooling. The machine tool cutting tool includes a tool body and a cooling device disposed on the tool body or tool holder. The cooling device includes: a tube having an inlet and an outlet; and at least one vibrating diaphragm disposed at the outlet. The vibrating diaphragm can change its shape under the action of a driving mechanism, thereby changing the effective cross-sectional area and / or jet direction of the outlet. This invention integrates three functions—pressurized chip breaking, fan-shaped / sweeping chip removal, and conventional cooling—within the same device by setting a shape-changing vibrating diaphragm at the outlet of the cooling tube on the cutting tool or tool holder, and dynamically adjusting the outlet cross-sectional area and jet direction using diaphragm deformation. This achieves flexible switching between multiple modes of a single cooling tube during the machining process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of CNC machine tool cutting technology, specifically relating to a CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling functions, and a CNC machine tool thereof. Background Technology

[0002] During CNC turning and milling, a large amount of cutting heat is generated in the cutting zone, causing a sharp rise in the temperature of the tool and workpiece. At the same time, the removed metal material forms chips. If heat dissipation and chip removal are not carried out in time, it will seriously affect tool life, workpiece machining accuracy, and surface quality. To address this, existing technologies generally integrate cooling devices into CNC machine tool tools, achieving cooling and assisting chip breaking by spraying coolant or gas into the cutting zone.

[0003] For example, patent application CN104511628A, entitled "A Cooling and Forming Tool for CNC Machine Tools," discloses a scheme in which a pressurized cooling pipe, consisting of a first-order, second-order, and third-order pipe with progressively decreasing diameters, is installed inside the tool. The coolant is then sprayed onto the cutting area after being pressurized in each stage to cool the tool. Another example is patent CN209830303U, entitled "Forced Cooling and Chip-Breaking Tool," which discloses a scheme in which a rotatable internal cooling column is installed on the tool body. The internal cooling column has spray holes, and the orientation of the spray holes can be statically adjusted by rotating the internal cooling column to guide the coolant to the cutting area of ​​the tool, thereby achieving forced cooling and assisted chip breaking. For example, the patent with publication number CN219443474U and title "An Internally Cooled Turning Tool Holder for Easy Chip Breaking" discloses a scheme in which a chip removal block with airflow holes and chip removal holes is set at the tool tip. The tool holder has an air vent and is connected to an external high-pressure air pipe through an air pipe connection hole. External compressed air is sprayed out from the chip removal holes to cool the cutting area and blow away chips.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies all have certain drawbacks in practical applications. For the scheme disclosed in CN104511628A, which uses a progressively narrowing diameter pressurized cooling pipe, the pressurization ratio and jet pattern are entirely determined by a fixed pipe diameter difference. Once the tool is manufactured, the coolant's spray characteristics are solidified and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to changes in chip shape and machining conditions. When the chips change from short fragments to continuous long chips, the fixed jet cannot actively switch to a fan-shaped or sweeping jet that is more conducive to chip removal. When only conventional cooling is required, the pressurized structure actually causes unnecessary energy loss. Regarding the scheme disclosed in CN209830303U, which uses a rotatable internal cooling column to adjust the spray direction, the operator needs to manually loosen the locking nut and rotate the internal cooling column to adjust the direction of the spray hole before machining, and then tighten it again after adjustment. During machining, if the chip accumulation position changes, or if it is necessary to switch between chip breaking and large-area cooling, this scheme cannot respond in real time and must be stopped for readjustment. Moreover, its spray hole can only spray out a liquid column of a fixed shape, and cannot generate a fan-shaped jet or sweeping jet to achieve large-area dynamic chip removal. Regarding the scheme disclosed in CN219443474U, which uses external compressed air for air cooling and chip blowing, it requires an independent compressed air source and corresponding air pipes, air pipe connection holes and piping systems, which increases the external auxiliary equipment of the machine tool, making the system complex and occupying a large space. Its liquid cooling function and air cooling function are implemented through two independent sets of pipes and outlets, and it is impossible to complete the automatic switching between liquid cooling mode and air cooling mode in the same pipe, making the operation cumbersome and the integration low.

[0005] In summary, there is an urgent need for a cooling device that can integrate multiple functions such as chip breaking, chip removal, and cooling in a single unit, can dynamically switch the jet pattern online according to the machining conditions, and can achieve dual-mode operation of liquid cooling and air cooling without relying on an external air source, so as to meet the diverse cooling and chip removal needs of CNC machine tools under complex machining conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a CNC machine tool cutting tool and a CNC machine tool thereof that integrates chip breaking, chip removal, and cooling. By setting a vibrating diaphragm with a changeable shape at the outlet of the cooling pipe on the cutting tool or tool holder, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet and the jet direction are dynamically adjusted by the deformation of the diaphragm. Three functions, namely pressurized chip breaking, fan-shaped / sweeping chip removal, and conventional cooling, are integrated in the same device, realizing flexible switching of multiple modes of a single cooling pipe during the machining process.

[0007] This invention provides a CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal, and cooling functions, comprising a tool body and a cooling device disposed on the tool body or tool holder, the cooling device comprising:

[0008] The pipe body has an inlet and an outlet;

[0009] At least one vibrating diaphragm is disposed at the water outlet. The vibrating diaphragm can change its shape under the action of the driving mechanism, thereby changing the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the water outlet and / or the jet direction.

[0010] The cooling device has the following operating modes:

[0011] When the vibrating diaphragm is in the first state, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet decreases, and the coolant is sprayed out in the form of a pressurized jet, forming a chip-breaking mode.

[0012] When the vibrating diaphragm is in the second state, the coolant sprayed from the outlet is a fan-shaped jet and / or a sweeping jet, forming a debris removal mode.

[0013] When the vibrating diaphragm is in the third state or not working, the outlet sprays coolant with a conventional cross-sectional area, thus forming a cooling mode.

[0014] Furthermore, the cooling device also includes a one-way valve, which is disposed inside the tube and located upstream of the vibrating diaphragm;

[0015] When the pressure coolant stops flowing into the inlet and the one-way valve is closed, the diaphragm vibrates under the action of the drive mechanism, causing the outlet to alternately draw in and eject gas, thus forming a jet blowing and sucking mode.

[0016] Furthermore, the outlet is a rectangular structure, and the vibrating diaphragm is provided on each of the four side walls of the rectangular structure;

[0017] In the first configuration, all four vibrating diaphragms deform toward the inside of the outlet, reducing the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet and forming a pressurized jet.

[0018] In the second configuration, the two opposing vibrating diaphragms deform toward the inside of the outlet, causing the outlet to form a slit-shaped outlet and thus a fan-shaped jet.

[0019] In the third configuration, the four vibrating diaphragms do not deform or all deform toward the outside of the water outlet, and the water outlet sprays out a column of cooling water with a conventional cross-sectional area.

[0020] Furthermore, in the second configuration, the other two opposing vibrating diaphragms that are not deformed toward the inside of the outlet deform toward the outside of the outlet, thereby widening the slit-shaped outlet and increasing the coverage area of ​​the fan-shaped jet.

[0021] Furthermore, in the sweeping state of the second mode, the two vibrating diaphragms that deform toward the inside of the outlet to form the slit-shaped outlet deform in sequence, causing the slit-shaped outlet to move back and forth along the width direction of the slit, and the fan-shaped jet to swing back and forth, forming a sweeping jet.

[0022] Furthermore, in the second configuration, the two vibrating diaphragms forming the slit-shaped outlet can be switched to form a horizontal fan-shaped jet or a vertical fan-shaped jet.

[0023] Furthermore, a circular-to-square section is provided inside the pipe body at the connection between the inlet and the outlet. The inlet end of the circular-to-square section has a circular cross-section, and the outlet end has a rectangular cross-section. The outlet end is connected to the outlet of the rectangular structure.

[0024] Furthermore, the cooling device also has a fourth configuration, in which the vibrating diaphragm adjusts its shape under the action of the driving mechanism to change the water outlet direction, thereby achieving adjustable water outlet direction.

[0025] Furthermore, the pipe body and the water outlet are integrated onto the cutter body or the cutter holder;

[0026] Alternatively, the tube body is an independent structure separate from the tool body and the tool holder, and can be detachably installed on the tool body or the tool holder.

[0027] The present invention also provides a CNC machine tool, including the above-mentioned CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling functions;

[0028] The tool holder is mounted on the moving mechanism, and the moving mechanism drives the tool body to perform cutting operations on the workpiece.

[0029] The moving mechanism can also drive the cooling device to move, allowing the water outlet to selectively move to the following positions and switch to the corresponding operating mode:

[0030] In the first state, the water outlet is aligned with the cutting area of ​​the tool, and the vibrating diaphragm is in the first or third state, operating in the chip breaking mode or the cooling mode.

[0031] In the second state, the water outlet is aligned with the chip accumulation point or the connection point between the chip and the tool / workpiece, and the vibrating diaphragm is in the second state, working in the chip removal mode.

[0032] In the third state, the water outlet is aligned with the workpiece fixture and / or the worktable surface and moves under the drive of the moving mechanism. The vibrating diaphragm is in the second state and performs mobile cleaning of the workpiece fixture and / or the worktable surface in the cleaning mode.

[0033] The core technological advantage of this solution lies in its integration of chip breaking, chip removal, and cooling functions into a single device by incorporating a reversible vibrating diaphragm at the outlet of the cooling unit. When the diaphragm retracts to reduce the outlet cross-sectional area, a powerful pressurized jet is generated for efficient chip breaking. When the diaphragm adjusts the outlet to a slit or deflects it, a fan-shaped or sweeping jet is produced for large-area chip removal. When the diaphragm resets or ceases operation, the outlet returns to its normal cross-sectional area for conventional cooling. The switching between these three modes relies entirely on the purely mechanical changes in the diaphragm's shape, eliminating the need for nozzle replacement, additional air sources or hydraulic circuits, and complex solenoid valve control systems. This significantly simplifies the machine tool cooling system structure while greatly enhancing the functional density and automation of the cooling device, making it particularly suitable for CNC machine tool applications with variable chip shapes and complex cooling requirements during machining. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling device of the present invention integrated into the tool body;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling device of the present invention at a first angle when it is independent of the tool body;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle structure of the cooling device of the present invention when it is independent of the tool body;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a CNC machine tool when the cooling device of the present invention is independent of the tool body.

[0038] In the figure, 1-tool body; 2-tool holder; 3-pipe body; 31-inlet; 32-outlet; 33-round to square section; 4-vibrating diaphragm; 5-one-way valve; 6-moving mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0041] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a physical connection, or a wireless communication connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0044] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this invention provides a CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal, and cooling functions. It includes a tool body 1 and a cooling device disposed on the tool body 1 or tool holder 2. The cooling device includes a pipe 3 with an inlet 31 and an outlet 32. At least one vibrating diaphragm 4 is disposed at the outlet 32. The vibrating diaphragm 4 can change its shape under the action of a driving mechanism, thereby changing the effective cross-sectional area and / or jet direction of the outlet 32. This cooling device integrates the vibrating diaphragm 4 at the outlet 32, directly controlling the jet characteristics of the coolant by utilizing the diaphragm's shape change. This allows a single device to flexibly switch between multiple operating modes without replacing any parts, resulting in an extremely compact structure and rapid response.

[0045] The cooling device has the following operating modes:

[0046] When the vibrating diaphragm 4 is in its first state, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet 32 ​​decreases, and the coolant is ejected in the form of a pressurized jet, forming a chip-breaking mode. In this chip-breaking mode, the flow area of ​​the outlet 32 ​​is actively narrowed by the vibrating diaphragm 4, and the coolant is forced to be ejected at a higher flow rate and stronger impact kinetic energy under the same pump pressure, forming a high-pressure, high-speed concentrated jet. This jet precisely impacts the chip root near the tool tip, using powerful fluid shearing force to forcibly peel and break the chips from the workpiece or tool surface, effectively preventing long chips from entangled and accumulating, ensuring the continuity of cutting and the surface quality of the workpiece.

[0047] When the vibrating diaphragm 4 is in its second configuration, the coolant ejected from the outlet 32 ​​forms a fan-shaped jet and / or a sweeping jet, constituting a chip-removing mode. In this chip-removing mode, the vibrating diaphragm 4 adjusts the outlet 32 ​​to a slit shape or causes its outlet direction to swing back and forth, allowing the coolant to spread out in a flat fan shape or a dynamic sweeping motion. The fan-shaped jet has a large lateral coverage width, capable of washing a large area of ​​the machining area at once; the sweeping jet, through the periodic reciprocating oscillation of the water flow, repeatedly cleans the chip accumulation area. Both jet types can efficiently remove chips scattered in the cutting area, guide rails, or near the fixture, keeping the machining area clean and the chip removal path unobstructed.

[0048] When the vibrating diaphragm 4 is in its third state or not in operation, the outlet 32 ​​sprays coolant at a conventional cross-sectional area, constituting a cooling mode. In this cooling mode, the vibrating diaphragm 4 returns to its initial position or remains stationary, the outlet 32 ​​maintains its original designed flow cross-sectional area, and the coolant is sprayed out steadily at the designed flow rate and lower pressure, forming a sufficient water column or a high-flow-rate spray. This mode can continuously remove the large amount of heat generated during the cutting process, fully cooling the tool and workpiece, ensuring that the cutting temperature is within a reasonable range, and is suitable for most conventional turning and milling machining conditions.

[0049] The core technical advantage of this solution lies in its integration of chip breaking, chip removal, and cooling functions into a single device by installing a reversible vibrating diaphragm 4 at the outlet 32 ​​of the cooling unit. When the vibrating diaphragm 4 retracts to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet 32, a powerful pressurized jet is generated for efficient chip breaking. When the vibrating diaphragm 4 adjusts the outlet 32 ​​to a slit or deflects it, a fan-shaped or sweeping jet is generated for large-area chip removal. When the vibrating diaphragm 4 resets or ceases operation, the outlet 32 ​​returns to its normal cross-sectional area for conventional cooling. The switching between these three modes relies entirely on the purely mechanical changes in the shape of the vibrating diaphragm 4, eliminating the need for nozzle replacement, additional air sources or hydraulic circuits, and complex solenoid valve control systems. This significantly simplifies the machine tool cooling system structure while greatly improving the functional density and automation of the cooling device, making it particularly suitable for CNC machine tool applications where chip shapes are highly variable and cooling requirements are complex.

[0050] Comparative analysis with existing technologies:

[0051] Existing patent CN104511628A discloses a cooling forming cutter for CNC machine tools, which achieves passive pressurization of the coolant by setting a pressurized cooling pipe inside the cutter, consisting of a first-order, second-order, and third-order pipe with progressively narrower diameters. In this scheme, the pressure increase of the coolant depends on the progressive contraction of a fixed geometric cross-section. Once the cutter is manufactured, the pressurization ratio and jet pattern are fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to changes in machining conditions. When the chip pattern changes from short chips to continuous long chips, the fixed jet cannot actively switch to a fan-shaped jet for large-area chip removal; when only conventional cooling is required, the pressurization structure causes unnecessary energy loss. In contrast, this solution dynamically controls the effective cross-sectional area and jet direction of the outlet 32 ​​through the active shape change of the vibrating diaphragm 4, and can flexibly switch between three modes—pressurized chip breaking, fan-shaped / sweeping chip removal, and conventional cooling—within the same device. The integration of functions and adaptability to working conditions are significantly better than the aforementioned prior art.

[0052] Existing patent CN209830303U discloses a forced cooling and chip-breaking tool that achieves static adjustment of the coolant spray direction through a rotatable internal cooling column and spray holes. In this solution, the operator must manually loosen the locking nut and rotate the internal cooling column to adjust the spray hole orientation before machining, and then lock it in place. During machining, if the chip accumulation position changes or a switch between chip breaking and large-area cooling is required, this solution cannot respond in real time and must be stopped for readjustment. Furthermore, its spray holes can only spray a fixed-shape liquid column, unable to generate fan-shaped or sweeping jets for large-area dynamic chip removal. In contrast, the vibrating diaphragm 4 in this solution can actively change its shape during machining via a drive mechanism, freely switching between pressurized jets, fan-shaped jets, sweeping jets, and conventional cooling water columns without stopping the machine. This achieves online dynamic adjustment of the jet shape and function, and its ease of operation and real-time response capability are far superior to the aforementioned prior art.

[0053] Existing patent CN219443474U discloses an internally cooled turning tool holder that facilitates chip breaking. It achieves air cooling and chip removal by using a chip-removing block with airflow and chip-removing holes at the tool tip, and by introducing compressed air through an external high-pressure air pipe. This solution requires a separate compressed air source and corresponding air pipe connections, increasing the machine tool's external piping and auxiliary equipment, making the system complex and space-consuming. Its air cooling and liquid cooling are two independent systems, making automatic switching between liquid cooling and air cooling modes impossible within the same pipeline. In contrast, this solution adds a one-way valve 5 upstream of the vibrating diaphragm 4 inside the tube 3. After the coolant supply is cut off, the continuous vibration of the vibrating diaphragm 4 creates a synthetic jet blowing and suction effect within the closed cavity, alternately drawing in and ejecting gas from the same outlet 32 ​​to achieve air cooling and purging functions. This solution requires no additional air source or external air pipes; it achieves seamless automatic switching between liquid cooling and air cooling modes solely through the mechanical action of the cooling device's own structure. The system's integration, compactness, and ease of use are significantly superior to the aforementioned prior art.

[0054] In summary, existing solutions disclose technical approaches such as fixed pressurization structures, statically adjustable injection directions, and external air source cooling. However, none of them disclose or reveal the core technical feature of this solution—the integrated use of a vibrating diaphragm located at the outlet to dynamically achieve pressurization and chip breaking, fan-shaped / sweeping chip removal, and conventional cooling within the same device through morphological changes, and the automatic switching between liquid cooling and synthetic jet air cooling via a one-way valve. These distinguishing features result in significant improvements in functional integration, operational adaptability, ease of operation, and system compactness, demonstrating outstanding substantive characteristics and significant advancements.

[0055] In one embodiment, the vibrating diaphragm 4 is driven by a piezoelectric actuation method. Specifically, the vibrating diaphragm 4 itself can be made of a piezoelectric ceramic sheet or a piezoelectric composite fiber sheet, or a piezoelectric actuating element can be attached or embedded on the surface of the vibrating diaphragm 4. When an alternating voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element, based on the inverse piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric element produces mechanical deformation corresponding to the voltage frequency and amplitude, driving the vibrating diaphragm 4 to produce bending or stretching vibrations. By adjusting the amplitude, frequency, and phase of the applied voltage, the deformation direction, deformation amount, and vibration frequency of the vibrating diaphragm 4 can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving precise control of various working modes.

[0056] In one embodiment, the cooling device further includes a one-way valve 5, which is disposed within the tube body 3 and located upstream of the vibrating diaphragm 4. When the pressurized coolant is stopped flowing into the inlet 31 and the one-way valve 5 is closed, the vibrating diaphragm 4 vibrates under the action of the drive mechanism, causing the outlet 32 ​​to alternately draw in and eject gas, forming a jet blowing and sucking mode. With the addition of the one-way valve 5, the cooling device expands from a single liquid cooling mode to an automatic switching mode of liquid cooling and air cooling. When the cutting process is completed or air cooling is required for chip removal, simply shut off the coolant supply, and the one-way valve 5 will automatically close after the water pressure disappears, sealing the chamber of the tube body 3 between the vibrating diaphragm 4 and the one-way valve 5. At this time, the vibrating diaphragm 4 vibrates continuously under the drive mechanism, causing the volume of the closed chamber to change periodically: when the diaphragm deforms outward and the chamber volume increases, a negative pressure is generated, drawing in external air from the outlet 32; when the diaphragm deforms inward and the chamber volume decreases, a positive pressure is generated, ejecting the gas inside the chamber at high speed from the outlet 32. This alternating intake and ejection creates a synthetic jet effect, outputting a high-speed pulsating airflow from the same outlet 32 ​​to cool or blow away chips from the cutting tool, workpiece, and surrounding area. This solution achieves automatic and seamless switching between liquid cooling and air cooling media in the same pipeline and outlet, without the need for any external air source, air pipe, or electromagnetic switching valve, resulting in an extremely compact structure.

[0057] This embodiment utilizes a combination of a one-way valve 5 and a vibrating diaphragm 4 to enable the cooling device to automatically switch between liquid cooling and air cooling modes. When pressurized coolant is introduced, the one-way valve 5 is open, and the coolant is sprayed out normally through the outlet 32. The vibrating diaphragm 4 modulates the flow pattern to achieve chip breaking, chip removal, or cooling. When the coolant supply stops, the one-way valve 5 automatically closes to form a closed cavity. The continuous vibration of the vibrating diaphragm 4 generates a synthetic jet effect within this closed cavity, outputting a pulsating high-speed airflow from the same outlet 32 ​​to achieve air cooling and purging functions. The entire switching process is automatically completed by water pressure changes and the mechanical action of the one-way valve 5, requiring no manual intervention, no additional air source, or pipeline modifications. This achieves flexible switching of cooling medium and cooling method while minimizing structural complexity.

[0058] Existing technology CN219443474U discloses an internally cooled turning tool holder that facilitates chip breaking. It features a chip-removing block with airflow and chip-removing holes at the tool tip. It connects to an external high-pressure air pipe via an internal vent and air pipe connection hole, utilizing external compressed air for cooling and chip removal. This solution requires a separate compressed air source and corresponding air pipe connections, increasing the machine tool's external piping and auxiliary equipment, resulting in a complex system and large space occupation. More importantly, its liquid cooling (relying on the machine tool's coolant system) and air cooling (relying on an external air source) are two completely independent systems, operating through different pipes and outlets, making automatic switching between liquid and air cooling modes impossible within the same pipeline. When switching from liquid to air cooling, the coolant must be shut off, the compressed air turned on, and both sets of pipeline valves must be controlled separately, resulting in cumbersome operation and slow response.

[0059] In contrast, this solution adds a one-way valve 5 upstream of the vibrating diaphragm 4 inside the pipe body 3. The one-way valve 5 automatically opens or closes in response to changes in water pressure, and combined with the continuous vibration of the vibrating diaphragm 4 to generate a synthetic jet effect, it achieves automatic and seamless switching between liquid cooling and air cooling modes on the same pipeline and at the same outlet 32. When coolant is introduced, the one-way valve 5 opens, and the device operates in liquid cooling mode; when the liquid supply stops, the one-way valve 5 automatically closes, and the same outlet 32 ​​switches to air cooling mode, requiring no external air source, no external air pipe, and no manual valve switching. This solution highly integrates liquid cooling and air cooling functions into a single, compact structure, solving the technical problem in existing technologies where liquid cooling and air cooling require two independent systems and cannot automatically switch at the same outlet. It achieves significant progress in system integration, structural compactness, and ease of operation, possessing outstanding substantive features and remarkable advancements.

[0060] In one embodiment, the outlet 32 ​​is a rectangular structure, with vibrating diaphragms 4 disposed on each of its four side walls. By making the outlet 32 ​​rectangular and matching it with four vibrating diaphragms 4, the geometric constraint of the mutually perpendicular sides of the rectangle allows the deformation directions of each diaphragm to be independent, thereby achieving precise control of the outlet's cross-sectional area and shape. The independent or combined deformation of the four diaphragms can generate flat fan-shaped jets and swept jets that are difficult to achieve with a circular outlet, providing a structural basis for the generation of various jet patterns.

[0061] In the first state, all four vibrating diaphragms 4 deform inward toward the outlet 32, reducing the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet 32 ​​and forming a pressurized jet. At this time, the four diaphragms simultaneously converge toward the center from four directions, and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet 32 ​​is significantly compressed to its minimum. With the machine tool cooling pump pressure remaining constant, the coolant is forced to spray out at high speed from this reduced cross-section, forming a concentrated pressurized jet with extremely strong impact kinetic energy, which directly acts on the chip-tool contact area, forcibly peeling and breaking the chips from the root, achieving efficient chip breaking.

[0062] In the second configuration, the two opposing vibrating diaphragms 4 deform inward toward the outlet 32, causing the outlet 32 ​​to form a slit-shaped outlet, creating a fan-shaped jet. At this time, the pair of opposing diaphragms squeeze inward, compressing the long side spacing of the rectangular outlet 32, forming a narrow slit with a very small width and maintaining the original rectangular length. After the coolant is ejected from this slit, it is constrained in the width direction but spreads freely along the length direction, naturally forming a thin and wide fan-shaped jet. This fan-shaped jet has a large lateral coverage area, capable of simultaneously cleaning the cutting area and a large surrounding area, efficiently removing scattered debris and achieving large-area chip removal.

[0063] In the third state, the four vibrating diaphragms 4 remain unchanged or all deform towards the outside of the outlet 32, and the outlet 32 ​​sprays out a cooling water column with a conventional cross-sectional area. At this time, the outlet 32 ​​returns to its maximum effective cross-sectional area, and the coolant is sprayed out smoothly at the designed flow rate and a low flow velocity, forming a sufficient water column or a large flow rate spray to fully cool the tool and workpiece, meeting the temperature control requirements of conventional cutting processes.

[0064] This embodiment achieves integrated generation of three jet patterns within the same outlet structure by setting the outlet 32 ​​as a rectangular structure and equipping each of the four side walls with vibrating diaphragms 4. When all four diaphragms are retracted inward, the outlet cross-sectional area is minimized, generating a pressurized jet for powerful chip breaking; when a pair of opposing diaphragms are squeezed inward to form a slit, a flat fan-shaped jet is generated for large-area chip removal; when the four diaphragms reset or expand outward, the normal cross-sectional area is restored for cooling. The switching between the three modes relies entirely on the pure mechanical deformation of the four vibrating diaphragms 4, without the need to replace any parts or add external pipelines or nozzles. The structure is extremely compact, and the functional integration and ease of operation are significantly improved. It is particularly suitable for CNC turning and milling operations where the chip patterns are complex and varied and the cooling and chip removal requirements are frequently switched.

[0065] In one embodiment, in the second configuration, the other two opposing vibrating diaphragms 4, which are not deformed towards the inside of the outlet 32, deform towards the outside of the outlet 32, widening the slit-shaped outlet and increasing the coverage area of ​​the fan-shaped jet. In this optimized scheme, the four vibrating diaphragms 4 achieve coordinated deformation in the second configuration: one pair of opposing diaphragms compresses inward to form a slit, determining the thickness of the jet; the other pair of opposing diaphragms expands outward, further widening the slit in the length direction and increasing the effective length of the outlet. The larger the slit length, the wider the spread angle of the coolant along the length direction after it is ejected from the slit, and the larger the coverage area of ​​the resulting fan-shaped jet. This scheme achieves separate adjustment of the slit width and slit length by independently controlling the deformation direction and amount of the four diaphragms, allowing the thickness and coverage width of the fan-shaped jet to be optimized and adjusted according to actual chip removal needs, further improving chip removal efficiency and cleaning area.

[0066] This embodiment, based on the rectangular four-diaphragm structure, further utilizes the coordinated deformation of the four vibrating diaphragms 4 to achieve active expansion of the fan-shaped jet coverage area. One pair of diaphragms retracts to control the jet thickness, ensuring the jet maintains sufficient impact force; the other pair of diaphragms expands outward to increase the slit length, making the lateral spread of the fan-shaped jet wider. The two sets of diaphragms each perform their specific functions and work together to flexibly adjust the geometric parameters of the fan-shaped jet simply through the mechanical deformation of the diaphragms, without changing the coolant flow rate and pressure. This meets the differentiated requirements of different processing scenarios for chip removal area and chip removal force, further improving the functional configurability and adaptability of the cooling device.

[0067] In one embodiment, during the sweeping state of the second configuration, the two vibrating diaphragms 4, which deform inward toward the outlet 32 ​​to form the slit-shaped outlet, deform sequentially, causing the slit-shaped outlet to reciprocate along the width direction of the slit. The fan-shaped jet then reciprocates, forming a sweeping jet. In this sweeping state, the two vibrating diaphragms 4 constituting the slit no longer synchronously retract, but instead change their deformation amounts sequentially and alternately in a predetermined sequence. When one diaphragm deforms more deeply and the other less deeply, the slit's position in the width direction shifts towards the more deeply deformed side; when the deformation depths of the two diaphragms alternate, the slit reciprocates along the width direction. Correspondingly, the fan-shaped jet ejected from this moving slit also reciprocates, forming a dynamic sweeping jet. While maintaining the lateral coverage width of the fan-shaped jet, the sweeping jet applies repeated dynamic impacts and driving forces to the chips on the sweeping path through the periodic oscillation of the water flow. This can effectively remove chips that are firmly attached or have accumulated thickly, avoiding the chip removal dead zones that may exist with fixed-direction jets.

[0068] This embodiment controls the sequential deformation of the two vibrating diaphragms 4 forming the slit. Without adding any motion mechanism or deflection device, it achieves the active reciprocating oscillation of the fan-shaped jet by utilizing only the differential deformation of the diaphragms themselves, forming a swept jet. This swept jet combines the large-area coverage capability of a fan-shaped jet with the repeated scouring advantage of a dynamic jet, significantly enhancing the removal effect on stubborn and accumulated chips, and improving the thoroughness and uniformity of chip removal. The sweeping function relies entirely on the mechanical deformation sequence of the vibrating diaphragms 4, requiring no additional nozzle oscillation mechanism or external drive device. The structure is simple, compact, and highly reliable, further enriching the functional configuration of the cooling device in chip removal mode.

[0069] In one embodiment, in the second configuration, the two vibrating diaphragms 4 forming the slit-shaped outlet can be switched to form a horizontal fan-shaped jet or a vertical fan-shaped jet. The rectangular outlet 32 ​​has two pairs of opposing sidewalls, each pair of opposing sidewalls having two vibrating diaphragms 4. When one pair of opposing vibrating diaphragms 4 is selected to deform inward toward the outlet 32, the direction corresponding to that pair of diaphragms is compressed to form a slit, and the coolant sprays out from the slit and spreads in a direction perpendicular to the slit to form a fan-shaped jet. Specifically, when the left and right opposing vibrating diaphragms 4 are selected to deform inward, the outlet 32 ​​is compressed in the horizontal direction to form a vertical slit, and the coolant spreads in the horizontal direction to form a horizontal fan-shaped jet; when switched to the upper and lower opposing vibrating diaphragms 4 deforming inward, the outlet 32 ​​is compressed in the vertical direction to form a horizontal slit, and the coolant spreads in the vertical direction to form a vertical fan-shaped jet. This switching only requires changing the combination of diaphragms involved in the deformation, without rotating or moving the entire cooling device. It can flexibly select the spreading direction of the fan-shaped jet according to the orientation of the chip accumulation and the geometric characteristics of the processing area, so that the coverage area of ​​the chip removal jet is precisely matched with the actual chip distribution.

[0070] This embodiment achieves flexible selection between horizontal and vertical fan-shaped jets at the same rectangular outlet 32 ​​by switching the combination of vibrating diaphragms 4 involved in the inward deformation. The horizontal fan-shaped jet is suitable for cleaning chip accumulation on the horizontal surface of the workpiece or guide rail, while the vertical fan-shaped jet is suitable for cleaning chips on the side of the workpiece or the vertical surface of the fixture. Switching between the two directions can be accomplished simply by changing the deformation command of each vibrating diaphragm 4, resulting in a fast response speed. It eliminates the need to stop the machine to adjust the installation angle of the cooling device, and eliminates the need to add rotary joints or deflection mechanisms, further improving the adaptability of the cooling device to different processing scenarios and chip distribution directions, making the chip removal function more precise and efficient.

[0071] In one embodiment, a circular-to-square section 33 is provided inside the pipe body 3 at the connection between the inlet 31 and the outlet 32. The inlet end of the circular-to-square section 33 has a circular cross-section, and the outlet end has a rectangular cross-section. The outlet end is connected to the outlet 32 ​​of the rectangular structure.

[0072] The circular-to-square section 33 allows for a smooth transition of coolant from the upstream circular pipe into the downstream rectangular outlet 32. The circular inlet section naturally matches the standard coolant piping of the machine tool, facilitating connection without the need for adapters. The rectangular outlet section matches the shape of the rectangular outlet 32, avoiding flow separation and eddy current losses caused by abrupt changes in cross-section. This ensures that the coolant fully adheres to the rectangular flow channel wall before entering the outlet 32, resulting in a more uniform flow velocity distribution. When the vibrating diaphragm 4 undergoes morphological changes at the outlet 32, the uniform and stable inflow facilitates precise control of the jet morphology by the diaphragm deformation, improving the stability and repeatability of the jet morphology in various operating modes.

[0073] This embodiment achieves a smooth transition of coolant from a circular pipe to a rectangular outlet by adding a circular-to-square section 33, reducing energy loss and flow disturbance caused by abrupt changes in the flow channel cross-sectional shape. The circular inlet facilitates direct connection with existing machine tool cooling pipes, while the rectangular outlet provides a regular rectangular reference cross-section for the arrangement of the vibrating diaphragm 4 and the generation of the slit jet, enabling the vibrating diaphragm 4 on the four side walls to operate stably in a uniform flow field. This circular-to-square section 33 simplifies pipe connections while effectively improving the control accuracy and stability of the jet pattern under different operating modes, further optimizing the overall performance of the cooling device.

[0074] In one embodiment, the cooling device also has a fourth configuration. In this fourth configuration, the vibrating diaphragm 4 adjusts its shape under the action of the driving mechanism to change the water outlet direction of the outlet 32, thus achieving adjustable water outlet direction. In this fourth configuration, the vibrating diaphragm 4 is no longer used only to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet 32 ​​or the jet spreading shape, but rather to directionally deflect the jet ejection direction through an asymmetrical combination of the deformation amounts of each diaphragm. For example, when the jet needs to be deflected to one side, the vibrating diaphragm 4 corresponding to that side can remain stationary or expand slightly outward, while the vibrating diaphragm 4 on the opposite side deforms moderately inward, causing the center line of the outlet 32 ​​to shift, and the jet deflects to that side accordingly. By continuously adjusting the relative deformation amounts of each diaphragm, precise control of the jet direction can be achieved. This function allows for dynamic adjustment of the spray landing point of the coolant or airflow solely through the mechanical deformation of the diaphragms, without changing the installation angle of the cooling device or adding rotating joints or universal nozzles, enabling the jet to accurately cover the constantly changing heat points or chip accumulation positions in the cutting area.

[0075] This embodiment introduces a fourth configuration, integrating the adjustable water outlet direction into the shape changes of the vibrating diaphragm 4. This further enhances the cooling device's ability to dynamically control the jet direction, building upon the aforementioned chip breaking, chip removal, and cooling modes. When the tool tip position changes due to feed motion or the chip accumulation area shifts due to workpiece shape changes, the vibrating diaphragm 4 can adjust the water outlet direction in real time under the action of the drive mechanism, without needing to stop the machine and manually adjust the nozzle angle, ensuring the jet always accurately acts on the target area. This solution eliminates the mechanical adjustment structures such as rotary joints, ball joints, or flexible metal tubes required by traditional adjustable nozzles, simplifying the number of components in the cooling device, improving the system's compactness and reliability, and significantly enhancing the cooling device's adaptability to complex machining trajectories and changing working conditions.

[0076] In one embodiment, the pipe body 3 and the water outlet 32 ​​are integrated on the cutter body 1 or the cutter holder 2;

[0077] Alternatively, the tube 3 can be an independent structure separate from the tool body 1 and the tool holder 2, and can be detachably mounted on the tool body 1 or the tool holder 2. This embodiment provides two flexible installation configurations. (See reference) Figure 1 When the pipe body 3 and the outlet 32 ​​are integrated into the tool body 1 or the tool holder 2, the cooling device's flow channel is integrated with the tool or tool holder's main structure, eliminating the need for additional external piping and fasteners. This results in the most compact structure, suitable for machining applications with strict space requirements, while also reducing the number of pipe joints and lowering the risk of leakage. (Reference) Figures 2-4 When the tube body 3 is installed as an independent, detachable structure, the cooling device, as an independent modular component, can be flexibly installed on different models of tool bodies 1 or tool holders 2. This facilitates the replacement or upgrading of the cooling device according to processing requirements. It can also be disassembled and cleaned or replaced separately in case of cooling device failure or blockage, without needing to replace the entire tool or tool holder. This significantly improves maintenance convenience and reduces modification and operating costs. The two installation methods can be flexibly selected according to actual application scenarios, balancing integration and versatility.

[0078] This embodiment offers both integrated and independent detachable installation methods, enabling the cooling device to achieve optimal configuration results in various application scenarios. Integrated installation eliminates external piping, achieving structural integration between the tool and the cooling device, thus optimizing system rigidity and compactness. Independent detachable installation, on the other hand, provides the cooling device with modularity and versatility, facilitating installation, maintenance, and replacement, reducing operating costs and modification difficulty. These two solutions complement each other, making this cooling device suitable for both high-end integrated dedicated tool systems and low-cost upgrades to the cooling function of existing machine tool tools, thus broadening its application scope and applicable scenarios.

[0079] The present invention also provides a CNC machine tool, including the aforementioned CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal, and cooling functions; the tool holder 2 is disposed on a moving mechanism 6, the moving mechanism 6 drives the tool body 1 to perform cutting operations on the workpiece; the moving mechanism 6 can also drive the cooling device to move, so that the water outlet 32 ​​can selectively move to the following positions and switch to the corresponding working mode:

[0080] In the first state, the water outlet 32 ​​is aligned with the cutting area of ​​the tool, and the vibrating diaphragm 4 is in either the first or the third state, operating in either the chip-breaking mode or the cooling mode. In this first state, the moving mechanism 6 positions the water outlet 32 ​​to the cutting area near the tool tip, and the cooling device directly serves the machining process. When continuous long chips are generated during cutting and require strong chip breaking, the vibrating diaphragm 4 switches to the first state to impact the tool-chip contact surface with a pressurized jet; when only conventional cooling is required, the vibrating diaphragm 4 switches to the third state to fully cool the tool and workpiece with a cooling water column. The two modes can be switched in real time during machining according to the chip shape and temperature conditions without stopping the machine for adjustment.

[0081] In the second state, the outlet 32 ​​is aligned with the chip accumulation area or the connection point between the chip and the tool / workpiece, and the vibrating diaphragm 4 is in the second configuration, operating in the chip removal mode. In this second state, the moving mechanism 6 moves the outlet 32 ​​away from the cutting area and aligns it with specific locations where chips easily accumulate, such as near the blade groove, the gap between the tool and the workpiece, or chip entanglement points. The vibrating diaphragm 4 switches to the second configuration, generating a fan-shaped jet or sweeping jet to drive the accumulated chips away from these critical locations by large-area flushing or reciprocating oscillation, preventing chips from clogging the chip removal channel or scratching the machined surface. This state is particularly suitable for targeted chip removal of the cutting area during machining breaks.

[0082] In the third state, the outlet 32 ​​is aligned with the workpiece fixture and / or the worktable surface and moves under the drive of the moving mechanism 6. The vibrating diaphragm 4 is in the second state, performing mobile chip removal on the workpiece fixture and / or the worktable surface in the chip removal mode. In this third state, the cutting process has been completed or paused. The moving mechanism 6 moves the outlet 32 ​​above the workpiece fixture and worktable surface away from the tool. The vibrating diaphragm 4 maintains the second state and outputs a fan-shaped jet or a sweeping jet. The moving mechanism 6 drives the outlet 32 ​​to move planar in areas such as the fixture positioning surface and the worktable guide rail, so that the jet sweeps across the entire working area to remove chips and rinse, thoroughly removing the debris scattered during the processing from the working area and providing a clean clamping and processing environment for the next process.

[0083] In the fourth state, the inlet 31 stops supplying pressurized coolant, the one-way valve 5 is closed, and the outlet 32, driven by the moving mechanism 6, moves to at least one of the cutting tool, workpiece, workpiece fixture, or worktable. The vibrating diaphragm 4 vibrates under the action of the driving mechanism, causing the outlet 32 ​​to alternately draw in and spray gas, using the jet blowing and suction mode to perform air cooling or chip removal in the aforementioned area. In this fourth state, the coolant supply is cut off, the one-way valve 5 automatically closes, and the continuous vibration of the vibrating diaphragm 4 causes a synthetic jet effect in the chamber located between the one-way valve 5 and the outlet 32 ​​within the tube 3. The outlet 32 ​​sprays high-speed pulsating airflow outward, which can directly cool the cutting tool or workpiece, which is still at a high temperature after processing, accelerating the cooling process; it can also be used to blow away residual debris from the gaps of the workpiece fixture, the positioning surface, or the worktable, using the repeated impact of the pulsating airflow to remove fine chips. Since the moving mechanism 6 can drive the water outlet 32 ​​to travel through each target area, this mode can achieve liquid-free air cooling and fully automatic cleaning of key parts of the whole machine during processing intervals, without the need for manual blowing by the operator.

[0084] In the fifth state, the vibrating diaphragm 4 is in its fourth form. Under the action of the driving mechanism, its shape is adjusted to change the water outlet direction of the water outlet 32, enabling the jet to dynamically track and align with the cutting area, chip accumulation area, or cleaning area in the chip breaking mode, chip removal mode, cooling mode, or jet blowing and suction mode. In this fifth state, the water outlet direction adjustment function is activated, and the vibrating diaphragm 4 deflects the jet axis through asymmetric deformation. This state can be superimposed on any other working mode: when superimposed on the chip breaking mode, the pressurized jet can adjust the impact point in real time following the feed trajectory of the tool tip; when superimposed on the chip removal mode, the fan-shaped jet or sweeping jet can be aligned with the constantly changing chip accumulation position; when superimposed on the cooling mode, the conventional cooling water column can be adapted to workpieces of different diameters or tools with different installation heights; when superimposed on the jet blowing and suction mode, the blowing direction of the pulsating airflow can be dynamically optimized according to the path of the moving mechanism 6. This state changes the jet direction from fixed to controllable, significantly improving the dynamic adaptability of the cooling device to complex machining trajectories and diverse chip removal requirements.

[0085] This solution integrates a cooling device with a vibrating diaphragm 4 into a CNC machine tool and utilizes a moving mechanism 6 that drives the machine tool's cutting tool to directly deploy the cooling device in multiple positions, achieving machine tool-level integration of cooling, chip breaking, and chip removal functions. The moving mechanism 6 is not only the actuator for tool feed but also a shared drive source for switching the cooling device's position and executing the chip removal path, eliminating the need for a separate motion mechanism for the cooling device. The first state serves real-time cooling and chip breaking during the cutting process; the second state performs targeted cleaning of localized chip accumulation in the cutting zone; and the third state performs large-area, mobile chip removal on the workpiece fixture and worktable. These three states cover the complete cooling and chip removal needs from machining to post-machining, enabling the CNC machine tool to have full-process autonomous management capabilities for chips and temperature, significantly improving machining efficiency and automation levels.

[0086] The above description is merely an embodiment and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations, modifications, or alterations to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling functions, comprising a tool body (1), characterized in that, It also includes a cooling device disposed on the tool body (1) or tool holder (2), the cooling device comprising: The pipe body (3) has an inlet (31) and an outlet (32); At least one vibrating diaphragm (4) is disposed at the outlet (32). The vibrating diaphragm (4) can change its shape under the action of the driving mechanism, thereby changing the effective cross-sectional area and / or jet direction of the outlet (32). The cooling device has the following operating modes: When the vibrating diaphragm (4) is in the first state, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet (32) is reduced, and the coolant is sprayed out in the form of a pressurized jet, forming a chip breaking mode. When the vibrating diaphragm (4) is in the second state, the coolant sprayed from the outlet (32) is a fan-shaped jet and / or a sweeping jet, forming a debris removal mode; When the vibrating diaphragm (4) is in the third state or not working, the outlet (32) sprays out coolant with a conventional cross-sectional area, thus forming a cooling mode.

2. The CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling device also includes a one-way valve (5), which is disposed inside the tube (3) and located upstream of the vibrating diaphragm (4); When the inlet (31) stops supplying pressurized coolant and the one-way valve (5) is closed, the vibrating diaphragm (4) vibrates under the action of the drive mechanism, causing the outlet (32) to alternately suck in and spray out gas, forming a jet blowing and sucking mode.

3. The CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal, and cooling functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet (32) is a rectangular structure, and the vibrating diaphragm (4) is provided on each of the four side walls of the rectangular structure. In the first configuration, all four vibrating diaphragms (4) deform toward the inside of the outlet (32), reducing the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet (32) and forming a pressurized jet; In the second configuration, the two opposing vibrating diaphragms (4) deform toward the inside of the outlet (32), causing the outlet (32) to form a slit-shaped outlet, thus forming a fan-shaped jet. In the third configuration, the four vibrating diaphragms (4) are either not deformed or all deformed toward the outside of the outlet (32), which sprays out a column of cooling water with a conventional cross-sectional area.

4. The CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the second configuration, the other two opposing vibrating diaphragms (4) that are not deformed toward the inside of the outlet (32) are deformed toward the outside of the outlet (32), widening the slit-shaped outlet and increasing the coverage of the fan-shaped jet.

5. The CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the sweeping state of the second mode, the two vibrating diaphragms (4) that deform toward the inside of the outlet (32) to form the slit-shaped outlet are deformed in sequence, causing the slit-shaped outlet to move back and forth along the width direction of the slit, and the fan-shaped jet to swing back and forth to form a sweeping jet.

6. The CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the second configuration, the two vibrating diaphragms (4) that form a slit-shaped outlet can be switched to form a horizontal fan-shaped jet or a vertical fan-shaped jet.

7. The CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, Inside the pipe body (3), at the connection between the inlet (31) and the outlet (32), there is a circular-to-square section (33). The inlet end of the circular-to-square section (33) is a circular cross section, and the outlet end is a rectangular cross section. The outlet end is connected to the outlet (32) of the rectangular structure.

8. The CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, The cooling device also has a fourth form, in which the vibrating diaphragm (4) adjusts its shape under the action of the driving mechanism to change the water outlet (32) outlet direction and realize the adjustable water outlet direction.

9. The CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The pipe body (3) and the water outlet (32) are integrated on the cutter body (1) or the cutter holder (2); Alternatively, the tube (3) is an independent structure separate from the tool body (1) and the tool holder (2), and can be detachably installed on the tool body (1) or the tool holder (2).

10. A CNC machine tool, characterized in that, Including any one of claims 1-9, a CNC machine tool cutting tool with chip breaking, chip removal and cooling functions; The tool holder (2) is mounted on the moving mechanism (6), and the moving mechanism (6) drives the tool body (1) to perform cutting processing on the workpiece; The moving mechanism (6) can also drive the cooling device to move, so that the outlet (32) can be selectively moved to the following positions and switched to the corresponding working mode: In the first state, the water outlet (32) is aligned with the cutting area of ​​the tool, and the vibrating diaphragm (4) is in the first state or the third state, working in the chip breaking mode or the cooling mode; In the second state, the water outlet (32) is aligned with the chip accumulation point or the connection point between the chip and the tool / workpiece, and the vibrating diaphragm (4) is in the second state, working in the chip removal mode; In the third state, the outlet (32) is aligned with the workpiece fixture and / or worktable and moves under the drive of the moving mechanism (6), and the vibrating diaphragm (4) is in the second state to perform mobile cleaning of the workpiece fixture and / or worktable in the cleaning mode.

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