A high-precision milling device for a crankshaft based on multi-axis linkage

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of milling equipment technology, and discloses a high-precision crankshaft milling device based on multi-axis linkage. The device includes a base, a Y-axis linear guide fixedly connected to the top of the base, an X-axis linear guide slidably connected to the outside of the base, the top of the Y-axis linear guide positioned at the bottom of the X-axis linear guide, a Z-axis vertical column fixedly connected to one side of the top of the base, a precision milling spindle head disposed on the outside of the Z-axis vertical column, and an adapter fixing mechanism disposed on the top of the X-axis linear guide. This adapter fixing mechanism clamps the crankshaft and drives it to rotate. The automatic alignment mechanism allows for automatic alignment of the crankshaft after it has been roughly placed on the mechanism, thus facilitating loading, saving loading time, and improving loading efficiency. Furthermore, the device has a simple structure and low price, thus not significantly increasing equipment costs and further reducing the cost of crankshaft milling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of milling equipment technology, specifically to a high-precision crankshaft milling device based on multi-axis linkage. Background Technology

[0002] Existing high-precision crankshaft milling devices based on multi-axis linkage mostly adopt horizontal or vertical structures, typically equipped with X, Y, and Z linear axes and a C-axis workpiece rotation axis to achieve five-axis linkage interpolation machining. The workpieces are mostly forged or cast crankshaft blanks, positioned by center holes at both ends, clamped by hydraulic centers and a tailstock, and supported by a center rest to prevent central deflection. The milling unit usually uses a high-speed electric spindle, performing precision milling of journals, connecting rod journals, and fillets using a tool magazine or fixed tool head.

[0003] Existing milling equipment typically uses a three-jaw chuck and a center rest to hold the crankshaft. However, this requires manual or high-precision machinery to place both ends of the crankshaft between the three-jaw chuck and the center rest during loading. This results in manual loading being difficult and inefficient, while high-precision machinery is expensive, leading to increased crankshaft milling costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-precision crankshaft milling device based on multi-axis linkage, which solves the problem that existing milling devices require manual or high-precision mechanical loading of crankshafts, resulting in high loading difficulty, low efficiency, or increased crankshaft processing costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-precision crankshaft milling device based on multi-axis linkage, comprising a base, a Y-axis linear guide fixedly connected to the top of the base, an X-axis linear guide slidably connected to the outside of the base, the top of the Y-axis linear guide being disposed at the bottom of the X-axis linear guide, a Z-axis vertical column fixedly connected to one side of the top of the base, a precision milling spindle head disposed on the outside of the Z-axis vertical column, an adapter fixing mechanism disposed on the top of the X-axis linear guide for clamping the crankshaft and driving the crankshaft to rotate, an automatic alignment mechanism disposed on the top of the adapter fixing mechanism for aligning the crankshaft, and a power supply mechanism disposed on the outside of the Z-axis vertical column for providing power.

[0006] Preferably, the adapter fixing mechanism includes a movable mounting plate, the bottom of which is disposed on the top of the X-axis linear guide rail. A sliding plate is slidably connected to one side of the top of the movable mounting plate. Fixed cylinders are fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding plate. Movable plugs are slidably connected inside the fixed cylinders. Movable rods are fixedly connected to one end of each movable plug. The ends of the two movable rods away from the movable plugs are respectively fixedly connected to the two side walls of the movable mounting plate. A fixed frame is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the sliding plate. Multiple movable clamping columns are slidably connected to the outside of the fixed frame. Fixed caps are fixedly connected to the ends of the movable clamping columns away from the fixed frame. Return springs are sleeved on the outside of the movable clamping columns. Rotary wheels are rotatably connected to the ends of the movable clamping columns away from the fixed caps. A drive mechanism is rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed caps. A rod is rotatably connected to the ends of multiple driving rods away from the fixed cap. A mounting ring is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting ring away from the fixed frame. A driving piston is slidably connected inside the mounting cylinder. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to one end of the driving piston. A stop plate is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the driving piston. An automatic valve is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting cylinder away from the stop plate. A connecting hose is fixedly connected inside the automatic valve. A vent pipe is fixedly connected between two fixed cylinders. A solenoid valve is fixedly connected to the outside of the vent pipe. A main vent pipe is fixedly connected inside the end of the solenoid valve away from the vent pipe. A three-way pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the main vent pipe. The bottom of the connecting hose is fixedly connected to the top of the main vent pipe. A three-jaw chuck is fixedly connected to the top end of the movable mounting plate.

[0007] Preferably, the automatic alignment mechanism includes a slide groove, which is formed in the middle of the sliding plate. A fixed column is fixedly connected inside the slide groove, a tension spring is sleeved on the outside of the fixed column, a sliding ring is slidably connected to the outside of the fixed column, a mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding ring, and multiple connecting cylinders are fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting bracket. A driving plug is slidably connected inside the connecting cylinder, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the end of the driving plug near the mounting bracket, a clamping block is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the driving plug, and a connecting vent frame is fixedly connected between the ends of the multiple connecting cylinders away from the mounting bracket. A control valve is connected, and a gas connecting pipe is fixedly connected inside the control valve. The end of the gas connecting pipe away from the control valve is fixedly connected to the outside of the main vent pipe. A vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the movable mounting plate away from the sliding plate. A buffer spring is installed inside the vertical cylinder. A limit plate is slidably connected inside the vertical cylinder. A moving column is fixedly connected to the top of the limit plate. An arc-shaped receiving plate is fixedly connected to the top of the moving column. Multiple rollers are rotatably connected to the top of the arc-shaped receiving plate. One end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limit plate, and the other end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the vertical cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the power supply mechanism includes two air cylinders, the outer sides of which are fixedly connected to both sides of the Z-axis vertical column. A movable air plug is slidably connected inside each air cylinder, and a driving column is fixedly connected to the bottom of each movable air plug. The bottoms of the two driving columns are fixedly connected to both sides of the precision milling spindle head. Two one-way valves are fixedly connected to the top of each air cylinder. Two air passages are fixedly connected between the tops of the four one-way valves. Air hoses are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the air passages. The base... A low-pressure gas cylinder is fixedly connected to the base. An air storage tank is fixedly connected to the outside of the base adjacent to the low-pressure gas cylinder. The bottoms of the two ventilation hoses are fixedly connected to the tops of the low-pressure gas cylinder and the air storage tank, respectively. A pressure regulating valve is fixedly connected to the top of both the low-pressure gas cylinder and the air storage tank. An automatic switching valve is fixedly connected to the top of both the low-pressure gas cylinder and the air storage tank. A flexible air tube is fixedly connected inside the top of the automatic switching valve. The ends of the two flexible air tubes away from the automatic switching valve are fixedly connected to one end of the three-way pipe, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing cap near the fixing frame, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixing frame.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting rod passes through the end of the mounting cylinder near the abutment, and the end of the movable clamping column away from the fixing cap passes through the outer wall of the fixing frame.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the slide groove, and the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the outside of the slide ring.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the sliding ring is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove, and the tension spring is disposed inside the sliding groove.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the mounting bracket is fixedly connected to two stabilizing sliding blocks, and the top of the sliding plate has two limiting sliding grooves, with the stabilizing sliding blocks slidably connected inside the limiting sliding grooves.

[0014] Preferably, the vertical cylinder is externally fixedly connected to a plurality of stabilizing rods, and the ends of the stabilizing rods away from the vertical cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to the outside of the movable mounting plate.

[0015] This invention provides a high-precision crankshaft milling device based on multi-axis linkage. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention enables the crankshaft to be automatically aligned after it is roughly placed on the mechanism through an automatic alignment mechanism. Therefore, there is no need to manually align the crankshaft before placing it between the three-jaw chuck and the center support, which facilitates loading, saves loading time, and improves loading efficiency. At the same time, the structure is simple and the price is low, so it will not increase the equipment cost significantly, further reducing the cost of crankshaft milling.

[0016] 2. The present invention can achieve automatic adjustment through the adaptation and fixing mechanism, so as to select the appropriate length for clamping according to the length of the crankshaft. At the same time, it can also select different clamping methods according to different crankshaft structures, thus making it applicable to a variety of crankshafts, improving practicality. In addition, the automatic adjustment improves the ease of use of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 The three-dimensional representation of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The three-dimensional representation of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable mounting plate in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed cylinder in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing frame in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting cylinder in this invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure connecting the ventilation frame in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-jaw chuck in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vertical cylinder in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air cylinder in this invention.

[0018] The components include: 1. Base; 2. Y-axis linear guide; 3. X-axis linear guide; 4. Z-axis vertical column; 5. Precision milling spindle head; 6. Adaptive fixing mechanism; 601. Movable mounting plate; 602. Sliding plate; 603. Fixed cylinder; 604. Movable plug; 605. Movable rod; 606. Fixed frame; 607. Movable clamping column; 608. Fixed cap; 609. Return spring; 610. Rotating wheel; 611. Driving rod; 612. Mounting ring; 613. Mounting cylinder; 614. Driving piston; 615. Connecting rod; 616. Support plate; 617. Automatic valve; 618. Connecting hose; 619. Main vent pipe; 620. Solenoid valve; 621. Vent pipe; 622. T-pipe; 623. Three-jaw chuck; 7. Automatic alignment mechanism; 701. Slide groove. 702. Fixed column; 703. Tension spring; 704. Sliding ring; 705. Mounting bracket; 706. Connecting cylinder; 707. Driving plug; 708. Connecting rod; 709. Clamping block; 710. Connecting ventilation frame; 711. Control valve; 712. Gas connecting pipe; 713. Stabilizing sliding block; 714. Limiting sliding groove; 715. Stabilizing rod; 716. Vertical cylinder; 717. Limiting plate; 718. Moving column; 719. Arc-shaped receiving plate; 720. Roller; 8. Power supply mechanism; 801. Air cylinder; 802. Movable air plug; 803. Driving column; 804. One-way valve; 805. Ventilation pipe; 806. Ventilation hose; 807. Low-pressure gas tank; 808. Gas storage tank; 809. Automatic on / off valve; 810. Gas pressure regulating valve; 811. Flexible air hose. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 12This invention provides a high-precision crankshaft milling device based on multi-axis linkage, including a base 1. A Y-axis linear guide 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, and an X-axis linear guide 3 is slidably connected to the outside of the base 1. The top of the Y-axis linear guide 2 is located at the bottom of the X-axis linear guide 3. After the Y-axis linear guide 2 is started, it can drive the X-axis linear guide 3 to move. A Z-axis vertical column 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the base 1, and a precision milling spindle head 5 is arranged on the outside of the Z-axis vertical column 4. The base 1, the Y-axis linear guide 2, the X-axis linear guide 3, the Z-axis vertical column 4, and the precision milling spindle head 5 can form a multi-axis linkage high-precision milling device. This is existing technology and will not be elaborated further here. The top of the X-axis linear guide 3 is provided with an adapter fixing mechanism 6, which is used to clamp the crankshaft and drive the crankshaft to rotate. The top of the adapter fixing mechanism 6 is provided with an automatic alignment mechanism 7, which is used to align the crankshaft. The outside of the Z-axis vertical column 4 is provided with a power supply mechanism 8, which is used to provide power. Starting the Y-axis linear guide 2 can drive the X-axis linear guide 3 to move along the Y-axis. Starting the X-axis linear guide 3 can drive the adapter fixing mechanism 6 to move along the X-axis. Starting the Z-axis vertical column 4 can drive the precision milling spindle head 5 to move up and down on the Z-axis.

[0021] The adapter fixing mechanism 6 includes a movable mounting plate 601, which provides the installation position. The bottom of the movable mounting plate 601 is set on the top of the X-axis linear guide rail 3. A sliding plate 602 is slidably connected to one side of the top of the movable mounting plate 601. The sliding plate 602 can move on the movable mounting plate 601 and provide the installation position. Fixed cylinders 603 are fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding plate 602. A movable plug 604 is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder 603. A movable rod 605 is fixedly connected to one end of the movable plug 604. When the fixed cylinder 603 is vented, it can drive the movable rod 605 to extend out of the fixed cylinder 603, thereby driving the sliding plate 602 to move away from the movable mounting plate 601. When the fixed cylinder 603 is vented... After the air is applied, the movable rod 605 can move into the fixed cylinder 603, which in turn can move the sliding plate 602 towards the movable mounting plate 601. The ends of the two movable rods 605 away from the movable plug 604 are respectively fixedly connected to the two side walls of the movable mounting plate 601. A fixed frame 606 is fixedly connected to the top side of the sliding plate 602, providing the installation position. Multiple movable clamping columns 607 are slidably connected to the outside of the fixed frame 606. A fixed cap 608 is fixedly connected to the end of the movable clamping column 607 away from the fixed frame 606. The fixed cap 608 not only has a limiting function but also provides the installation position. A return spring 609 is sleeved on the outside of the movable clamping column 607. The return spring 609 can use its own rebound to... The force pushes the fixed cap 608 to move away from the fixed frame 606, which in turn drives the movable clamping column 607 to move away from the center of the fixed frame 606, thereby releasing one end of the crankshaft. A rotating wheel 610 is rotatably connected to the end of the movable clamping column 607 away from the fixed cap 608. The rotating wheel 610 can abut against the end of the crankshaft, and will not affect the crankshaft's rotation when it rotates. A driving rod 611 is rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed cap 608. A mounting ring 612 is rotatably connected between the ends of multiple driving rods 611 away from the fixed cap 608. When the mounting ring 612 moves away from the fixed frame 606, it can drive the fixed cap 608 towards the center via the driving rods 611. One end of the mounting bracket 606 is fixedly connected to an installation cylinder 613, which provides an installation position. A driving piston 614 is slidably connected inside the mounting cylinder 613, allowing it to move under the influence of gas. A connecting rod 615 is fixedly connected to one end of the driving piston 614, and a stop plate 616 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod 615 away from the driving piston 614. The connecting rod 615 connects to the stop plate 616. An automatic valve 617 is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting cylinder 613 away from the stop plate 616. The automatic valve 617 controls whether gas enters or exits the interior of the mounting cylinder 613. A connecting hose 618 is fixedly connected inside the automatic valve 617. A vent pipe 621 is fixedly connected between the two mounting cylinders 603.A solenoid valve 620 is fixedly connected to the outside of the vent pipe 621. A main vent pipe 619 is fixedly connected internally to the end of the solenoid valve 620 away from the vent pipe 621. A three-way pipe 622 is fixedly connected to the outside of the main vent pipe 619. The bottom of the connecting hose 618 is fixedly connected to the top of the main vent pipe 619. A three-jaw chuck 623 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable mounting plate 601. One end of the return spring 609 is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing cap 608 near the fixing bracket 606, and the other end of the return spring 609 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixing bracket 606. A connecting rod 615 passes through the end of the mounting cylinder 613 near the abutment plate 616. The end of the movable clamping column 607 away from the fixing cap 608 passes through the outer wall of the fixing bracket 606. When gas flows... After entering the main ventilation pipe 619 through the three-way pipe 622, opening only the solenoid valve 620 pushes the movable plug 604 to move, thereby moving the movable rod 605 out of the fixed cylinder 603. This causes the sliding plate 602 to move away from the movable mounting plate 601, thus accommodating longer crankshafts. During suction, the suction force enters the main ventilation pipe 619 through the three-way pipe 622. Opening only the solenoid valve 620 causes the movable plug 604 to move in the opposite direction, thereby moving the movable rod 605 into the fixed cylinder 603. This causes the sliding plate 602 to move towards the movable mounting plate 601, thus accommodating shorter crankshafts. The crankshaft is then aligned by the automatic alignment mechanism 7. The crankshaft is temporarily placed, and the three-jaw chuck 623 is activated to clamp and fix one end of the crankshaft. When the sliding plate 602 moves towards the movable mounting plate 601, the length of the crankshaft remains unchanged. Therefore, when the sliding plate 602 drives the fixed frame 606 towards the movable mounting plate 601, the other end of the crankshaft will push the abutment 616 away from the three-jaw chuck 623, which in turn drives one end of the driving rod 611 to move away from the three-jaw chuck 623. The other end of the driving rod 611 moves towards the middle of the fixed frame 606 under the limit of the movable clamping column 607, which in turn drives the fixed cap 608 and the movable clamping column 607 to move towards the middle of the fixed frame 606, thereby enabling... The rotating wheel 610 is clamped at the other end of the crankshaft. For crankshafts where the end furthest from the three-jaw chuck 623 is shorter, the automatic valve 617 can be opened. Gas enters the mounting cylinder 613 through the three-way pipe 622 and the main vent pipe 619, thus providing a force to the piston 614 towards the three-jaw chuck 623. This, in turn, provides a force to the connecting rod 615 and the abutment plate 616 towards the three-jaw chuck 623. The abutment plate 616 is held against the crankshaft furthest from the three-jaw chuck 623, so the force acts on the mounting cylinder 613, causing it to be driven away from the three-jaw chuck 623. This, in turn, moves the mounting ring 612 and one end of the driving rod 611 away from the three-jaw chuck 623.This allows the other end of the drive rod 611 to move downwards, which in turn enables the rotating wheel 610 to clamp the end of the crankshaft away from the three-jaw chuck 623. Starting the motor on the three-jaw chuck 623 then drives the crankshaft to rotate, thus enabling the machining of crankshafts of various lengths.

[0022] The automatic alignment mechanism 7 includes a slide groove 701, which provides an installation position and sliding space. The slide groove 701 is located in the middle of the sliding plate 602. A fixing post 702 is fixedly connected inside the slide groove 701. A tension spring 703 is sleeved on the outside of the fixing post 702. A sliding ring 704 is slidably connected to the outside of the fixing post 702. The fixing post 702 can improve the movement stability of the fixing post 702 and also provide stability for the compression or expansion of the tension spring 703. A mounting bracket 705 is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding ring 704, which provides an installation position. Multiple connecting cylinders 706 are fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting bracket 705, which provides the installation position. A drive plug 707 is slidably connected inside the connecting cylinder 706. The movable plug 707 serves a limiting function and can also move towards the middle or outer side of the mounting bracket 705 as gas enters or exits. A connecting rod 708 is fixedly connected to the end of the movable plug 707 closest to the mounting bracket 705, serving a connecting function. A clamping block 709 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod 708 furthest from the movable plug 707. The clamping block 709 is made of a flexible material, such as rubber, which increases the friction of clamping the crankshaft end and also protects the crankshaft end. A connecting vent frame 710 is fixedly connected between the ends of multiple connecting cylinders 706 furthest from the mounting bracket 705. The connecting vent frame 710 allows air to pass through and connects the multiple connecting cylinders 706 together. A control valve 711 is fixedly connected to the main unit, which controls the opening and closing of the gas path. A gas connecting pipe 712 is fixedly connected inside the control valve 711. The end of the gas connecting pipe 712 away from the control valve 711 is fixedly connected to the outside of the main gas pipe 619. A vertical cylinder 716 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable mounting plate 601 at the end away from the sliding plate 602. The vertical cylinder 716 provides the installation position. A buffer spring is installed inside the vertical cylinder 716. A limit plate 717 is slidably connected inside the vertical cylinder 716, serving a limiting function. A moving column 718 is fixedly connected to the top of the limit plate 717, serving a connecting function. An arc-shaped receiving plate 719 is fixedly connected to the top of the moving column 718, providing support. The crankshaft end is positioned for placement. Multiple rollers 720 are rotatably connected to the top of the arc-shaped receiving plate 719. As the crankshaft rotates, the rollers 720 reduce friction and protect the crankshaft end. One end of a buffer spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting plate 717, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inside of the vertical cylinder 716. One end of a tension spring 703 is fixedly connected to the inside of the slide groove 701, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding ring 704. The outside of the sliding ring 704 is slidably connected to the inside of the slide groove 701. The tension spring 703 is located inside the slide groove 701. Two stabilizing sliding blocks 713 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting bracket 705. Two limiting sliding grooves 714 are formed inside the top of the sliding plate 602.After the stabilizing sliding block 713 slides inside the limiting sliding groove 714, it can improve the movement stability of the mounting frame 705. The stabilizing sliding block 713 is slidably connected inside the limiting sliding groove 714. Multiple stabilizing rods 715 are fixedly connected to the outside of the vertical cylinder 716. The stabilizing rods 715 can improve the stability of the vertical cylinder 716. The ends of the stabilizing rods 715 away from the vertical cylinder 716 are respectively fixedly connected to the outside of the movable mounting plate 601. When placing the crankshaft on the device, first adjust the distance between the sliding plate 602 and the movable mounting plate 601 to approximately the correct value, and then place one end of the crankshaft through the notch of the mounting frame 705 in the middle of the mounting frame 705. The end of the shaft is thinner while the crank arm has a larger diameter. Therefore, the crank arm can be used to move the mounting bracket 705 away from the three-jaw chuck 623, which in turn moves the sliding ring 704 away from the movable mounting plate 601, stretching the tension spring 703. At this point, the other end of the crankshaft is directly inserted between the three jaws of the three-jaw chuck 623, placing the other end of the crank on top of the arc-shaped receiving plate 719. Because the roller 720 is made of a flexible material, the weight of the other end of the crankshaft will suddenly act on the arc-shaped receiving plate 719 the moment the crankshaft is lowered. This weight then passes through the moving column 718 and the limiting plate 717, and can then be gradually reduced through a gentle pressure. A spring is used to relieve the force, preventing the reaction force from acting directly on the other end of the crankshaft, thus protecting the crankshaft. Simultaneously, the three-jaw chuck 623 and control valve 711 are activated. Since the other end of the crankshaft is on the arc-shaped receiving plate 719 and located between the three jaws of the three-jaw chuck 623, the movement of the three jaws towards the center gathers the other end of the crankshaft towards the center of the three-jaw chuck 623. Gas, after entering the connecting cylinder 706 through the connecting vent frame 710, pushes the piston 707, connecting rod 708, and clamping block 709 towards the center, gathering one end of the crankshaft towards the center of the clamping block 709, thereby aligning one end of the crankshaft with the fixed... In the middle of the mounting bracket 606, after the rotating wheel 610 clamps one end of the crankshaft, the power supply mechanism 8 is used to evacuate air and open the control valve 711. This allows the gas inside the connecting cylinder 706 to be drawn out through the connecting venting bracket 710. This, in turn, moves the driving plug 707, connecting rod 708, and clamping block 709 away from the center of the mounting bracket 705, thus releasing one end of the crankshaft. The three-jaw chuck 623 then keeps the crankshaft horizontal, allowing it to be automatically aligned simply by placing it roughly on the automatic alignment mechanism 7, eliminating the need for manual alignment or high-precision mechanical alignment.

[0023] The power supply mechanism 8 includes two air cylinders 801, which provide the basis for gas generation. The two air cylinders 801 are fixedly connected to both sides of the Z-axis vertical column 4. A movable air plug 802 is slidably connected inside each air cylinder 801. The movable air plug 802 can expel gas by moving upwards and can draw in gas by moving downwards. A driving column 803 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable air plug 802. The driving column 803 can be connected to the precision milling spindle head 5, allowing the movable air plug 802 to move up and down with the precision milling spindle head 5. The bottoms of the two driving columns 803 are fixedly connected to both sides of the precision milling spindle head 5. Two one-way valves 804 are fixedly connected to the top of each air cylinder 801. One of the two one-way valves 804 on the top can only exhaust air, while the other one-way valve 804 can only intake air. Two ventilation pipes 805 are fixedly connected to the top of the four one-way valves 804, serving as ventilation channels. A ventilation hose 806 is fixedly connected to the outside of the ventilation pipes 805. A low-pressure gas tank 807 is fixedly connected to the outside of the base 1. A gas storage tank 808 is fixedly connected to the outside of the base 1, adjacent to the low-pressure gas tank 807. The bottoms of the two ventilation hoses 806 are fixedly connected to the tops of the low-pressure gas tank 807 and the gas storage tank 808, respectively. A pressure regulating valve 810 is fixedly connected to the top of both the low-pressure gas tank 807 and the gas storage tank 808. The pressure regulating valve 810 prevents the low-pressure gas tank 807 from being compressed. If the internal pressure of the air tank 808 is too low or too high, both the low-pressure air tank 807 and the air tank 808 are fixedly connected to the top of an automatic switching valve 809. A flexible air tube 811 is fixedly connected to the top of the automatic switching valve 809. The ends of the two flexible air tubes 811 furthest from the automatic switching valve 809 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of a three-way pipe 622. When the precision milling spindle head 5 moves up and down on the Z-axis vertical column 4, it can drive the movable air plug 802 to move up and down via the driving column 803. When the driving column 803 moves upward, one of the one-way valves 804 on the air cylinder 801 opens, and the other one-way valve 804 closes, thus allowing the gas inside the air cylinder 801 to pass through one of the ventilation pipes 805 and... A ventilation hose 806 enters the interior of the gas storage tank 808. When another one-way valve 804 opens and one of the one-way valves 804 closes, air is drawn out, and gas is removed from the low-pressure gas tank 807 through another ventilation pipe 805 and another ventilation hose 806, causing the internal pressure of the low-pressure gas tank 807 to decrease. When the automatic switch valve 809 on the gas storage tank 808 is opened, gas can be filled into the three-way pipe 622 through the flexible air hose 811 connected to the gas storage tank 808. When the automatic switch valve 809 on the gas storage tank 808 is closed and the automatic switch valve 809 on the low-pressure gas tank 807 is opened, suction is transmitted to the flexible air hose 811 connected to the low-pressure gas tank 807.It also enables the suction force to be transmitted to the three-way pipe 622, thereby achieving the transmission of gas power.

[0024] Working principle: When gas enters the main ventilation pipe 619 through the three-way pipe 622, opening only the solenoid valve 620 pushes the movable plug 604 to move, thereby causing the movable rod 605 to move out of the fixed cylinder 603. This, in turn, causes the sliding plate 602 to move away from the movable mounting plate 601, thus accommodating a longer crankshaft. During evacuation, suction enters the main ventilation pipe 619 through the three-way pipe 622. Opening only the solenoid valve 620 causes the movable plug 604 to move in the opposite direction, which in turn causes the movable rod 605 to move into the fixed cylinder 603, thereby causing the sliding plate 602 to move away from the movable mounting plate 601. The sliding plate 602 moves towards the movable mounting plate 601 to accommodate a shorter crankshaft. The automatic alignment mechanism 7 aligns the crankshaft and temporarily places it in place. At this time, the three-jaw chuck 623 is activated to clamp and fix one end of the crankshaft. While the sliding plate 602 moves towards the movable mounting plate 601, the length of the crankshaft remains unchanged. Therefore, when the sliding plate 602 drives the fixing bracket 606 towards the movable mounting plate 601, the other end of the crankshaft pushes the abutment 616 away from the three-jaw chuck 623, which in turn drives one end of the driving rod 611 away from the three-jaw chuck 623. One end of the crankshaft moves, while the other end of the driving rod 611 moves towards the center of the fixed frame 606 under the limitation of the moving clamping column 607. This causes the fixed cap 608 and the moving clamping column 607 to move towards the center of the fixed frame 606, thus allowing the rotating wheel 610 to be clamped at the other end of the crankshaft. When the end of the crankshaft away from the three-jaw chuck 623 is not long enough, the automatic valve 617 is opened, and gas enters the interior of the mounting cylinder 613 through the three-way pipe 622 and the main vent pipe 619. This provides a force to the driving piston 614 towards the three-jaw chuck 623, and in turn provides a force to the connecting rod 615 and the abutment plate 616 towards the three-jaw chuck. The force of 623 is applied to the mounting cylinder 613, which is then pushed away from the three-jaw chuck 623 by the gas. This causes the mounting cylinder 613 to be driven away from the three-jaw chuck 623 by the gas, thereby moving the mounting ring 612 and one end of the driving rod 611 away from the three-jaw chuck 623. This causes the other end of the driving rod 611 to move downwards, thus enabling the rotating wheel 610 to clamp the end of the crankshaft away from the three-jaw chuck 623. The motor on the three-jaw chuck 623 is then started, which drives the crankshaft to rotate, thus enabling the processing of crankshafts of various lengths. When placing the crankshaft on the device, first roughly adjust the distance between the sliding plate 602 and the movable mounting plate 601. Then, place one end of the crankshaft through the notch in the mounting bracket 705 in the middle of the mounting bracket 705. Because the end of the crankshaft is thinner and the diameter of the crank arm is larger, the mounting bracket 705 can be moved away from the three-jaw chuck 623 using the crank arm. This, in turn, drives the sliding ring 704 to move away from the movable mounting plate 601 and stretches the tension spring 703. At this time, the other end of the crankshaft passes directly through the three-jaw chuck 623. The three-jaw chuck is inserted between the cranks, so that the other end of the crank rests on the top of the arc-shaped support plate 719. Because the rollers 720 are made of a flexible material, the weight of the other end of the crankshaft will suddenly act on the arc-shaped support plate 719 the moment the crankshaft is lowered. This weight then passes through the moving column 718 and the limiting plate 717, and is subsequently relieved by the buffer spring, preventing the reaction force from directly acting on the other end of the crankshaft, thus protecting the crankshaft. Simultaneously, the three-jaw chuck 623 and the control valve 711 are activated. Since the other end of the crankshaft is on the arc-shaped support plate 719... Located between the three jaws of the three-jaw chuck 623, the three jaws move towards the center, gathering the other end of the crankshaft towards the center of the three-jaw chuck 623. Gas enters the connecting cylinder 706 through the connecting vent frame 710, pushing the piston 707, connecting rod 708, and clamping block 709 towards the center, gathering one end of the crankshaft towards the center of the clamping block 709. This aligns one end of the crankshaft with the center of the fixed bracket 606. Once the rotating wheel 610 clamps one end of the crankshaft, the power supply mechanism... The mechanism 8 performs air extraction and opens the control valve 711, thereby allowing the gas inside the connecting cylinder 706 to be extracted through the connecting ventilation frame 710. This, in turn, drives the driving plug 707, connecting rod 708, and clamping block 709 to move away from the center of the mounting frame 705, thereby releasing one end of the crankshaft. It also works with the three-jaw chuck 623 to keep the crankshaft in a horizontal straight line, thus enabling the crankshaft to be automatically aligned by simply placing it roughly on the automatic alignment mechanism 7, without the need for manual alignment or the use of high-precision mechanical alignment. When the precision milling spindle head 5 moves up and down on the Z-axis vertical column 4, it drives the movable air plug 802 to move up and down via the drive column 803. When the drive column 803 moves upward, one of the one-way valves 804 on the air cylinder 801 opens and the other one-way valve 804 closes, allowing the gas inside the air cylinder 801 to enter the air tank 808 through one of the ventilation pipes 805 and one of the ventilation hoses 806. When the other one-way valve 804 opens and the other one-way valve 804 closes, air is drawn out and pumped through the other ventilation pipe 805 and... Another ventilation hose 806 draws gas out of the low-pressure gas tank 807, reducing the internal pressure of the low-pressure gas tank 807. When the automatic switch valve 809 on the gas storage tank 808 is opened, gas can be filled into the three-way pipe 622 through the flexible air tube 811 connected to the gas storage tank 808. When the automatic switch valve 809 on the gas storage tank 808 is closed and the automatic switch valve 809 on the low-pressure gas tank 807 is opened, the suction force can be transmitted to the flexible air tube 811 connected to the low-pressure gas tank 807 and to the three-way pipe 622, thereby realizing the transmission of gas power.

[0025] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-precision crankshaft milling device based on multi-axis linkage, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a Y-axis linear guide (2), and the outside of the base (1) is slidably connected to an X-axis linear guide (3). The top of the Y-axis linear guide (2) is located at the bottom of the X-axis linear guide (3). The top side of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a Z-axis vertical column (4). The outside of the Z-axis vertical column (4) is provided with a precision milling spindle head (5). The top of the X-axis linear guide (3) is provided with an adapter fixing mechanism (6). The adapter fixing mechanism (6) is used to clamp the crankshaft and drive the crankshaft to rotate. The top of the adapter fixing mechanism (6) is provided with an automatic alignment mechanism (7). The automatic alignment mechanism (7) is used to align the crankshaft. The outside of the Z-axis vertical column (4) is provided with a power supply mechanism (8). The power supply mechanism (8) is used to provide power.

2. The crankshaft high-precision milling device based on multi-axis linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adapter fixing mechanism (6) includes a movable mounting plate (601). The bottom of the movable mounting plate (601) is located on the top of the X-axis linear guide rail (3). A sliding plate (602) is slidably connected to one side of the top of the movable mounting plate (601). Fixed cylinders (603) are fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding plate (602). A movable plug (604) is slidably connected inside the fixed cylinder (603). A movable rod (605) is fixedly connected to one end of the movable plug (604). The ends of the two movable rods (605) away from the movable plug (604) are respectively fixedly connected to the movable mounting plate. (601) On both sides of the sliding plate (602), a fixed frame (606) is fixedly connected to the top side of the sliding plate (602). Multiple movable clamping columns (607) are slidably connected to the outside of the fixed frame (606). A fixed cap (608) is fixedly connected to the end of the movable clamping column (607) away from the fixed frame (606). A return spring (609) is sleeved on the outside of the movable clamping column (607). A rotating wheel (610) is rotatably connected to the end of the movable clamping column (607) away from the fixed cap (608). A driving rod (611) is rotatably connected to the outside of the fixed cap (608). Multiple driving rods (611) A mounting ring (612) is rotatably connected to the end away from the fixing cap (608). A mounting cylinder (613) is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting ring (612) away from the fixing frame (606). A driving piston (614) is slidably connected inside the mounting cylinder (613). A connecting rod (615) is fixedly connected to one end of the driving piston (614). A stop plate (616) is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod (615) away from the driving piston (614). An automatic valve (617) is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting cylinder (613) away from the stop plate (616). The automatic valve (617) The internal fixed connection is a connecting hose (618), and the two fixed cylinders (603) are fixedly connected to a vent pipe (621). The external fixed connection of the vent pipe (621) is a solenoid valve (620). The end of the solenoid valve (620) away from the vent pipe (621) is fixedly connected to a vent main pipe (619). The external fixed connection of the vent main pipe (619) is a three-way pipe (622). The bottom of the connecting hose (618) is fixedly connected to the top of the vent main pipe (619). The top end of the movable mounting plate (601) is fixedly connected to a three-jaw chuck (623).

3. The crankshaft high-precision milling device based on multi-axis linkage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The automatic alignment mechanism (7) includes a slide groove (701), which is located in the middle of the sliding plate (602). A fixing post (702) is fixedly connected inside the slide groove (701). A tension spring (703) is sleeved on the outside of the fixing post (702). A sliding ring (704) is slidably connected to the outside of the fixing post (702). A mounting bracket (705) is fixedly connected to the outside of the sliding ring (704). The mounting bracket (705) is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting bracket (705). A plurality of connecting cylinders (706) are fixedly connected. A drive plug (707) is slidably connected inside each connecting cylinder (706). A connecting rod (708) is fixedly connected to one end of the drive plug (707) near the mounting bracket (705). A clamping block (709) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting rod (708) away from the drive plug (707). A connecting vent frame (710) is fixedly connected between the ends of the plurality of connecting cylinders (706) away from the mounting bracket (705). A control valve (711) is fixedly connected to the outside of the gas frame (710). A gas connecting pipe (712) is fixedly connected inside the control valve (711). One end of the gas connecting pipe (712) away from the control valve (711) is fixedly connected to the outside of the main ventilation pipe (619). A vertical cylinder (716) is fixedly connected to the top of the movable mounting plate (601) away from the sliding plate (602). A buffer spring is provided inside the vertical cylinder (716). A limit plate (717) is slidably connected inside the vertical cylinder (716). A moving column (718) is fixedly connected to the top of the limit plate (717). An arc-shaped receiving plate (719) is fixedly connected to the top of the moving column (718). Multiple rollers (720) are rotatably connected to the top of the arc-shaped receiving plate (719). One end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limit plate (717), and the other end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the vertical cylinder (716).

4. The crankshaft high-precision milling device based on multi-axis linkage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply mechanism (8) includes two air cylinders (801). The two air cylinders (801) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the Z-axis vertical column (4). A movable air plug (802) is slidably connected inside the air cylinder (801). A driving column (803) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable air plug (802). The bottoms of the two driving columns (803) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the precision milling spindle head (5). Two one-way valves (804) are fixedly connected to the top of the air cylinder (801). Two ventilation pipes (805) are fixedly connected between the tops of the four one-way valves (804). A ventilation hose (806) is fixedly connected to the outside of the ventilation pipes (805). A low-pressure hose is fixedly connected to the outside of the base (1). A pressure tank (807) is fixedly connected to a storage tank (808) on the outside of the base (1) adjacent to the low-pressure tank (807). The bottoms of the two ventilation hoses (806) are fixedly connected to the tops of the low-pressure tank (807) and the storage tank (808), respectively. A pressure regulating valve (810) is fixedly connected to the top of both the low-pressure tank (807) and the storage tank (808). An automatic switching valve (809) is fixedly connected to the top of both the low-pressure tank (807) and the storage tank (808). A flexible air tube (811) is fixedly connected inside the top of the automatic switching valve (809). The ends of the two flexible air tubes (811) away from the automatic switching valve (809) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the three-way pipe (622).

5. A high-precision crankshaft milling device based on multi-axis linkage according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the return spring (609) is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing cap (608) near the fixing frame (606), and the other end of the return spring (609) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixing frame (606).

6. A crankshaft high-precision milling device based on multi-axis linkage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod (615) passes through the end of the mounting cylinder (613) near the abutment plate (616), and the end of the movable clamping column (607) away from the fixing cap (608) passes through the outer wall of the fixing frame (606).

7. A crankshaft high-precision milling device based on multi-axis linkage according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the tension spring (703) is fixedly connected to the inside of the slide groove (701), and the other end of the tension spring (703) is fixedly connected to the outside of the slide ring (704).

8. A crankshaft high-precision milling device based on multi-axis linkage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer sliding ring (704) is slidably connected to the inside of the slide groove (701), and the tension spring (703) is disposed inside the slide groove (701).

9. A crankshaft high-precision milling device based on multi-axis linkage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the mounting bracket (705) is fixedly connected to two stabilizing sliding blocks (713), and the top of the sliding plate (602) has two limiting sliding grooves (714) inside. The stabilizing sliding blocks (713) are slidably connected inside the limiting sliding grooves (714).

10. A crankshaft high-precision milling device based on multi-axis linkage according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple stabilizing rods (715) are fixedly connected to the outside of the vertical cylinder (716), and the ends of the stabilizing rods (715) away from the vertical cylinder (716) are respectively fixedly connected to the outside of the movable mounting plate (601).

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