Slag self-doping type multi-layer coating underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material and forming method

Abstract

This invention relates to a self-removing, multi-layered underwater laser cladding material for wear and corrosion resistance, and its molding method. The invention addresses the problem of existing underwater laser cladding layers failing to simultaneously achieve high forming quality and good wear and corrosion resistance. In this invention, a performance-enhancing functional layer covers a core metal wire layer, which is then covered by an outer impurity-removing protective layer. The outer impurity-removing protective layer is composed of 94%–96% impurity-removing protective material, 3%–4% epoxy resin, and 1%–2% curing agent by mass fraction. Similarly, the performance-enhancing functional layer is composed of 94%–96% performance-enhancing material, 3%–4% epoxy resin, and 1%–2% curing agent by mass fraction. This invention achieves main body repair through the core wire, regulates the performance of the cladding layer through the performance-enhancing layer, and ensures that slag impurities float to the top of the cladding layer, purifying the molten pool. These three elements work synergistically to obtain a coating with excellent wear and corrosion resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underwater material processing technology, specifically relating to a slag-self-discharging type multi-layer coating underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material and its forming method. Background Technology

[0002] With technological advancements and the increasing depletion of land resources, the strategic importance of the ocean is becoming increasingly prominent. Marine engineering equipment, as a crucial foundation supporting the implementation of the national maritime strategy, occupies a core position in the marine industry value chain, and its development and innovation capabilities directly relate to a nation's initiative in maritime competition. Key components of marine engineering equipment (such as propellers, subsea valves, and drilling platform legs) endure long-term coupled damage from multiple mechanisms including corrosion, wear, and erosion under harsh operating conditions; their failure will directly lead to a series of safety accidents such as leaks and capsizing.

[0003] Underwater laser cladding repair technology, as a novel underwater online additive repair method, possesses superior environmental adaptability and design flexibility. It can provide timely and effective maintenance support for damaged marine engineering components, serving as crucial technical support for ensuring the reliability, stability, and safety of critical equipment. Compared to underwater dry and partial dry laser cladding technologies, underwater wet laser cladding technology stands out among various underwater online repair technologies due to its superior environmental adaptability and process design flexibility in complex service environments, becoming a current research hotspot in the field of underwater engineering maintenance both domestically and internationally. This technology has broad application prospects in emergency repair and life extension maintenance of marine engineering equipment, enabling efficient and high-quality on-site remanufacturing operations.

[0004] Due to the direct presence of the aquatic environment, the stability of the repair process is significantly disrupted, and conventional cladding material systems often struggle to simultaneously meet the dual requirements of corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance. On one hand, the water medium causes extremely rapid cooling and complex fluidity of the molten pool, increasing the tendency for porosity, inclusions, and component segregation within the coating, thus reducing its corrosion resistance. On the other hand, the large influx of hydrogen atoms generated by the decomposition of water at high temperatures into the molten pool significantly increases hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity, making the repair layer more susceptible to brittle spalling under the combined effects of wear and corrosion. Existing technologies primarily focus on optimizing process parameters or single-function coatings, making it difficult to achieve a synergistic improvement in both corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to start with the structural design of underwater repair materials, developing a slag-self-discharging, multi-layered underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material and its forming method to generate a high-performance coating with excellent corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance in situ in an underwater environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the harsh service conditions in marine environments, the service requirements of marine engineering equipment, and the difficulty in simultaneously achieving the forming quality, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of existing underwater laser cladding layers. It provides a slag-self-discharging type multi-layer coated underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material and its forming method.

[0006] The present invention relates to a slag-self-draining type multi-layer coating underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, comprising a core metal wire layer, an outer impurity removal protective layer, and a performance-enhancing functional layer. The performance-enhancing functional layer covers the core metal wire layer, and the outer impurity removal protective layer covers the performance-enhancing functional layer. The core metal wire layer is formed by tightly packed (homogeneous) metal wires fixed with an adhesive.

[0007] The outer impurity removal protective layer is composed of 94%~96% impurity removal protective material, 3%~4% epoxy resin and 1%~2% curing agent by mass fraction. The impurity removal protective material is composed of 24%~26% CaCO3, 24%~26% CaF2, 14%~16% SiO2, 8%~12% CaO, 10% ZnO and 10% MgO by mass fraction.

[0008] The performance-enhancing functional layer is composed of 94% to 96% performance-enhancing material, 3% to 4% epoxy resin, and 1% to 2% curing agent by mass fraction, wherein the performance-enhancing material is Zr and / or Mo.

[0009] This invention relates to a slag-self-discharging, multi-layered underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material. The material features a core metal wire and a multi-layered composite coating. The core metal wire serves as a homogeneous metal layer compatible with the base material. The wire is then sequentially coated with a performance-enhancing functional layer and a debris-removing protective layer. The performance-enhancing functional layer optimizes the overall structure of the cladding layer, improving its wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The outer debris-removing protective layer decomposes upon laser heating, generating CO2 gas and low-melting-point slag. The slag floats upwards due to density differences, removing debris while simultaneously covering the molten pool surface to isolate it from water interference, thus creating a stable localized metallurgical environment underwater.

[0010] This invention employs a method for forming a multi-layered, slag-discharging, underwater laser cladding method for wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, which is implemented according to the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Roughly grind the surface of the underwater metal substrate to be repaired to obtain a pre-treated metal substrate;

[0012] Step 2: Grind and clean the metal wires, then arrange the ground metal wires one by one in close proximity and bond them together with adhesive to obtain the core metal wire layer.

[0013] Step 3: Mix 94%~96% of the performance-enhancing material, 3%~4% of the epoxy resin and 1%~2% of the curing agent evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain the performance-enhancing functional layer (paste).

[0014] Step 4: Mix 94%~96% of the impurity removal protective material, 3%~4% of the epoxy resin and 1%~2% of the curing agent evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain the outer impurity removal protective layer (paste).

[0015] Step 5: Sequentially coat the performance enhancement functional layer and the outer impurity removal protective layer onto the core metal wire layer to obtain a multi-layer drug-coated composite wire. Then fix the multi-layer drug-coated composite wire onto the surface of the pretreated metal substrate to obtain a composite structure.

[0016] Step 6: Using underwater laser cladding technology, the laser power is controlled at 3300~3800W, the laser spot diameter is 3mm, and the scanning speed is 4mm / s~6mm / s. The composite structure is laser clad to generate an underwater laser cladding coating with synergistic improvement in friction and corrosion performance in situ. This completes the method of forming wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials by underwater laser cladding with a slag self-discharge type multi-layer coating.

[0017] In step three, the performance-enhancing material is Zr and / or Mo; the impurity-removing and protective material is composed of 24%~26% CaCO3, 24%~26% CaF2, 14%~16% SiO2, 8%~12% CaO, 10% ZnO and 10% MgO by mass fraction.

[0018] This invention relates to a method for preparing an underwater laser cladding coating using a slag self-removing multilayer coating. The core metal wire layer serves as the main material of the cladding layer, ensuring metallurgical compatibility between the cladding layer and the substrate, preventing interface defects caused by the introduction of foreign materials, stabilizing the molten pool shape, and preventing molten pool collapse or poor forming due to excessively rapid cooling in the underwater environment. The performance regulation (strengthening) functional layer primarily consists of metal powders with excellent wear resistance or corrosion resistance. For example, Zr mainly functions through solid solution strengthening, grain refinement, and improved microstructure density; Mo mainly improves corrosion resistance by optimizing the β-phase microstructure, inhibiting pitting corrosion initiation, and enhancing the stability of the passivation film, thereby ensuring the comprehensive performance of the underwater laser cladding layer. The impurity removal protective layer adopts a CaO-CaF2-SiO2 composite system. Through the synergistic effect of CaF2 dehydrogenation, SiO2 slag formation and CaO adjustment of alkalinity, hydrogen-induced defects are suppressed and impurities are removed. At the same time, CaCO3, MgO and ZnO are added to optimize the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of underwater laser cladding by constructing gas cavities, adjusting slag properties and improving the fluidity of the molten pool. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the slag self-removal mechanism of the multi-layer coated underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the coating obtained by underwater laser cladding of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with slag self-discharge type multi-layer coating in the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 The image shows the friction and wear curves of the coating obtained by underwater laser cladding of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials with slag self-discharge type multi-layer coating in the embodiment.

[0022] Figure 4 The figure shows the open-circuit potential curve of the coating obtained by underwater laser cladding of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with slag self-discharge type multi-layer coating in the embodiment.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram showing the friction and wear curves of the underwater laser cladding Ti-based coating.

[0024] Figure 6 The image shows the open-circuit potential curve of the underwater laser cladding Ti-based coating in the comparative embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Specific Implementation Method 1: The slag-self-discharging type multi-layer underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material in this implementation method includes a core metal wire layer, an outer impurity removal protective layer, and a performance-enhancing functional layer. The performance-enhancing functional layer covers the core metal wire layer, and then the outer impurity removal protective layer covers the performance-enhancing functional layer. The core metal wire layer is formed by tightly packed (homogeneous) metal wires fixed with an adhesive.

[0026] The outer impurity removal protective layer is composed of 94%~96% impurity removal protective material, 3%~4% epoxy resin and 1%~2% curing agent by mass fraction. The impurity removal protective material is composed of 24%~26% CaCO3, 24%~26% CaF2, 14%~16% SiO2, 8%~12% CaO, 10% ZnO and 10% MgO by mass fraction.

[0027] The performance-enhancing functional layer is composed of 94% to 96% performance-enhancing material, 3% to 4% epoxy resin, and 1% to 2% curing agent by mass fraction, wherein the performance-enhancing material is Zr and / or Mo.

[0028] This embodiment of the slag-self-discharging multi-layered underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material utilizes a core metal wire + multi-layered composite coating structure. The core material uses titanium alloy or low-alloy steel wire, which serves as a homogeneous metal layer compatible with the base material. The wire is then sequentially coated with a performance-enhancing layer and a debris-removing protective layer. The performance-enhancing layer optimizes the overall structure of the cladding layer, improving its wear and corrosion resistance. The outer debris-removing protective layer decomposes upon laser heating, generating CO2 gas and low-melting-point slag. The slag floats upwards due to density differences, removing debris while simultaneously covering the molten pool surface to isolate it from water interference, thus creating a stable local metallurgical environment underwater.

[0029] Specific Implementation Method Two: The difference between this implementation method and Specific Implementation Method One is that the diameter of the metal wire (section) is 1~2mm.

[0030] Specific Implementation Method 3: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method 1 or 2 in that the particle size range of the performance-enhancing material is 150μm~200μm.

[0031] Specific Implementation Method Four: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Three in that the particle size range of the impurity removal and protection material is 150μm~200μm.

[0032] Specific Implementation Method 5: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods 1 to 4 in that the outer impurity removal protective layer is composed of 25% CaCO3, 25% CaF2, 15% SiO2, 10% CaO, 10% ZnO, 10% MgO, 4% epoxy resin and 1% curing agent by mass fraction.

[0033] Specific Implementation Method Six: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Five in that the coating thickness of the performance enhancement functional layer is 0.2mm to 0.3mm.

[0034] Specific Implementation Method Seven: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods One to Six in that the outer impurity removal protective layer has a coating thickness of 0.3mm to 0.5mm.

[0035] Specific Implementation Method Eight: This implementation method uses a slag-self-discharging type multi-layer coating underwater laser cladding method for forming wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, and is carried out according to the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Roughly grind the surface of the underwater metal substrate to be repaired to obtain a pre-treated metal substrate;

[0037] Step 2: Grind and clean the metal wires, then arrange the ground metal wires one by one in close proximity and bond them together with adhesive to obtain the core metal wire layer.

[0038] Step 3: Mix 94%~96% of the performance-enhancing material, 3%~4% of the epoxy resin and 1%~2% of the curing agent evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain the performance-enhancing functional layer (paste).

[0039] Step 4: Mix 94%~96% of the impurity removal protective material, 3%~4% of the epoxy resin and 1%~2% of the curing agent evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain the outer impurity removal protective layer (paste).

[0040] Step 5: Sequentially coat the performance enhancement functional layer and the outer impurity removal protective layer onto the core metal wire layer to obtain a multi-layer drug-coated composite wire. Then fix the multi-layer drug-coated composite wire onto the surface of the pretreated metal substrate to obtain a composite structure.

[0041] Step 6: Using underwater laser cladding technology, the laser power is controlled at 3300~3800W, the laser spot diameter is 3mm, and the scanning speed is 4mm / s~6mm / s. The composite structure is laser clad to generate an underwater laser cladding coating with synergistic improvement in friction and corrosion performance in situ. This completes the method of forming wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials by underwater laser cladding with a slag self-discharge type multi-layer coating.

[0042] In step three, the performance-enhancing material is Zr and / or Mo; the impurity-removing and protective material is composed of 24%~26% CaCO3, 24%~26% CaF2, 14%~16% SiO2, 8%~12% CaO, 10% ZnO and 10% MgO by mass fraction.

[0043] Specific Implementation Method Nine: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method Eight in that the material of the metal wire in step two is titanium alloy or low alloy steel.

[0044] Specific Implementation Method 10: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Methods 8 or 9 in that in step 6, the laser power is controlled to be 3500W, the laser spot diameter is 3mm, and the scanning speed is 5mm / s.

[0045] Example: This example describes a method for forming a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material using underwater laser cladding with a slag-discharging, multi-layered coating. The method is implemented according to the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Roughly grind the surface of the underwater TC4 metal substrate to be repaired to obtain the pretreated metal substrate;

[0047] Step 2: Grind and clean the TC4 metal wire with a diameter of 1.2mm. Arrange the ground metal wires one by one and fix them with adhesive to obtain the core metal wire layer.

[0048] Step 3: Mix 47.5% Zr powder, 47.5% Mo powder, 3% epoxy resin and 2% 593 curing agent evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain a performance-enhanced functional layer (paste).

[0049] Step 4: Mix 25% CaCO3, 25% CaF2, 15% SiO2, 10% CaO, 10% ZnO, 10% MgO, 3% epoxy resin and 2% 593 curing agent evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain the outer impurity removal protective layer (paste).

[0050] Step 5: Sequentially coat the performance enhancement functional layer and the outer impurity removal protective layer onto the core metal wire layer to obtain a multi-layer drug-coated composite wire. Then fix the multi-layer drug-coated composite wire onto the surface of the pretreated metal substrate to obtain a composite structure.

[0051] Step Six: Using underwater laser cladding technology, the laser power is controlled at 3500W, the laser spot diameter is 3mm, and the scanning speed is 5mm / s. The composite structure is laser clad to generate an underwater laser cladding coating that synergistically improves friction and corrosion performance in situ. This completes the method of forming wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials by underwater laser cladding with a slag self-discharge type multi-layer coating.

[0052] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional morphology of the coating obtained by underwater laser cladding of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with a slag self-discharge type multi-layer coating is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the coating has no obvious defects and exhibits excellent forming quality. The coating obtained by underwater laser cladding of a multi-layered, slag-self-removing, impurity-removing wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material and its forming method was ground, polished, and sealed. The prepared sample was then immersed in a container filled with 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution for corrosion, friction, and wear testing. The experimental parameters used in this experiment were: frequency 5 Hz, rotation time 60 min, load 10 N, grinding ball material Si3N4, and grinding ball radius 2 mm. Figure 3 , Figure 4 The coating has a friction coefficient of 0.320±0.012 and a small fluctuation in the open circuit potential curve, indicating that the coating can maintain a stable electrochemical state under corrosion-wear coupling conditions and has excellent wear resistance and seawater corrosion resistance.

[0053] Comparative Example: This example demonstrates underwater laser cladding of Ti-based coatings according to the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Polish the TC4 metal substrate to be repaired to remove the oxide scale and obtain the polished metal substrate.

[0055] Step 2: Grind the 1.2mm diameter metal repair wire TC4, arrange the cleaned wires closely together and fix them with adhesive to form the bottom wire metal layer;

[0056] Step 3: Weigh out 25% CaCO3, 25% CaF2, 15% SiO2, 10% CaO, 10% ZnO, 10% MgO, 3% epoxy resin and 2% 593 curing agent by mass fraction, mix them evenly to obtain the underwater impurity removal and protection layer slurry.

[0057] Step 5: Adhere or coat the bottom wire metal layer and the underwater impurity removal and protection layer slurry to the pretreated metal substrate surface in a bottom-to-top order;

[0058] Step 6: Using underwater laser cladding technology, with laser power controlled at 3500W, laser spot diameter at 3mm, and scanning speed at 5mm / s, the double-layer composite structure obtained in Step 5 is laser clad to generate an underwater laser cladding coating in situ.

[0059] In this embodiment, the same tests were performed on the obtained underwater laser cladding Ti-based coating to obtain... Figure 5 and Figure 6 The coating has a friction coefficient of 0.359±0.020 and an open-circuit potential curve value of -0.241±0.017V. The potential is more negative and fluctuates slightly more, making the coating surface more prone to corrosion. The corrosion products or surface damage further aggravate wear, resulting in poor wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0060] The experimental data of coating friction-corrosion coupling obtained from the examples and comparative examples were compared. Figure 3 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the coefficient of friction of the coating in the embodiments of the present invention is reduced by approximately 10.9% compared to the coating in the comparative embodiments, indicating that the coating of the present invention has superior wear resistance under the synergistic effect of corrosive media and mechanical wear. (Comparison) Figure 4 and Figure 6 It can be seen that the open-circuit potential curve value of the coating in the embodiment of the present invention is -0.221±0.015V, which is significantly higher than that of the coating in the comparative embodiment (-0.241±0.017V). This indicates that the coating of the present invention has better corrosion resistance under corrosion-wear coupling conditions, which is beneficial to slow down the accelerated effect of corrosion on wear.

[0061] In summary, this invention, based on a slag-discharging type multilayer coated underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material and its forming method, achieves a synergistic improvement in the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of underwater wet laser cladding coatings under corrosion-wear coupling conditions.

Claims

1. A multi-layered, slag-removing, underwater laser-clad wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with self-removing impurities, characterized in that... The slag-self-discharging type multi-layer coating underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material includes a core metal wire layer, an outer impurity removal protective layer, and a performance-enhancing functional layer. The performance-enhancing functional layer covers the core metal wire layer, and then the outer impurity removal protective layer covers the performance-enhancing functional layer. The core metal wire layer is formed by tightly packed metal wires fixed with an adhesive. The outer impurity removal protective layer is composed of 94%~96% impurity removal protective material, 3%~4% epoxy resin and 1%~2% curing agent by mass fraction. The impurity removal protective material is composed of 24%~26% CaCO3, 24%~26% CaF2, 14%~16% SiO2, 8%~12% CaO, 10% ZnO and 10% MgO by mass fraction. The performance-enhancing functional layer is composed of 94% to 96% performance-enhancing material, 3% to 4% epoxy resin, and 1% to 2% curing agent by mass fraction, wherein the performance-enhancing material is Zr and / or Mo.

2. The slag-self-removing, multi-layered, underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with a multi-layered coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The diameter of the metal wire is 1~2mm.

3. The slag-self-removing, multi-layered, underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with a multi-layered coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The particle size range of the performance-enhancing material is 150μm~200μm.

4. The slag-self-removing, multi-layered, underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with a multi-layered coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The particle size range of the impurity removal and protection material is 150μm~200μm.

5. The slag-self-removing, multi-layered, underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with a multi-layered coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The outer impurity-removing protective layer is composed of 25% CaCO3, 25% CaF2, 15% SiO2, 10% CaO, 10% ZnO, 10% MgO, 4% epoxy resin and 1% curing agent by mass fraction.

6. The slag-self-removing, multi-layered, underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with a multi-layered coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The thickness of the performance enhancement functional layer is 0.2mm~0.3mm.

7. The slag-self-removing, multi-layered, underwater laser cladding wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material with a multi-layered coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The outer impurity removal protective layer has a coating thickness of 0.3mm~0.5mm.

8. A method for forming a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material using underwater laser cladding with a slag-discharging type multi-layer coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The method for forming wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials using underwater laser cladding with a slag self-discharge type multi-layer coating is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1: Roughly grind the surface of the underwater metal substrate to be repaired to obtain a pre-treated metal substrate; Step 2: Grind and clean the metal wires, then arrange the ground metal wires one by one in close proximity and bond them together with adhesive to obtain the core metal wire layer. Step 3: Mix 94%~96% of the performance-enhancing material, 3%~4% of the epoxy resin and 1%~2% of the curing agent evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain the performance-enhancing functional layer; Step 4: Mix 94%~96% of the impurity removal and protection material, 3%~4% of the epoxy resin and 1%~2% of the curing agent evenly according to the mass fraction to obtain the outer impurity removal and protection layer; Step 5: Sequentially coat the performance enhancement functional layer and the outer impurity removal protective layer onto the core metal wire layer to obtain a multi-layer drug-coated composite wire. Then fix the multi-layer drug-coated composite wire onto the surface of the pretreated metal substrate to obtain a composite structure. Step 6: Using underwater laser cladding technology, the laser power is controlled at 3300~3800W, the laser spot diameter is 3mm, and the scanning speed is 4mm / s~6mm / s. The composite structure is laser clad to generate an underwater laser cladding coating with synergistic improvement in friction and corrosion performance in situ. This completes the method of forming wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials by underwater laser cladding with a slag self-discharge type multi-layer coating. In step three, the performance-enhancing material is Zr and / or Mo; the impurity-removing and protective material is composed of 24%~26% CaCO3, 24%~26% CaF2, 14%~16% SiO2, 8%~12% CaO, 10% ZnO and 10% MgO by mass fraction.

9. The method for forming wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials by underwater laser cladding with a slag-self-discharging multi-layer coating according to claim 8, characterized in that... In step two, the metal wire is made of titanium alloy or low alloy steel.

10. The method for forming wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials by underwater laser cladding with a slag-discharging type multi-layer coating as described in claim 8, characterized in that... In step six, the laser power is controlled at 3500W, the laser spot diameter is 3mm, and the scanning speed is 5mm / s.

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