Container sensor assembly, system, and method

Abstract

This disclosure provides a container sensor device (100) for detecting thermal events in a container (101). The container sensor device (100) may include a housing (102), a detection module (104), and a blanket (106). The housing (102) may be formed of a heat-resistant material. The detection module (104) may be disposed adjacent to the hollow interior (112) of the housing (102) and may include a sensor array (118), a controller (116), a light source (120), an audio source (122), and a power supply (124). The sensor array (118) may include sensors capable of detecting thermal events and is adapted to monitor thermal events related to the container (101). The sensors may detect heat, ventilation heat rise, humidity, pressure, and tilt of the housing (102). The blanket (106) may be formed of a heat-resistant material and is shaped to cover the container (101).

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 594,794, filed October 31, 2023. The entire disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This technology relates to container monitoring equipment, and more specifically, to a sensorized device for detecting thermal events inside a container. introduction

[0003] This section provides background information in connection with this disclosure, which is not necessarily prior art.

[0004] Shipping containers have revolutionized global logistics through standardized loading and transportation processes. One of their primary uses is to move goods from one place to another without damaging them. With containers, goods can be easily and cost-effectively transported to anywhere in the world using any mode of transport. The inherently robust and highly durable nature of containers allows for their reuse in long-haul global trade.

[0005] One method for monitoring and detecting thermal events associated with freight containers involves manual inspection or the use of separate monitoring devices not integrated with the container itself. Manual inspection requires periodic physical checks, which can be time-consuming and cannot provide real-time monitoring. Separate monitoring devices typically require additional equipment and wiring, making them bulky and inconvenient for widespread use.

[0006] Some solutions attempt to integrate sensors into shipping containers to monitor thermal events. However, these methods are limited in their functionality and capabilities. For example, some shipping containers may contain only a single sensor for detecting heat, which may not provide a comprehensive assessment of potential fire hazards. Other shipping containers may lack sensors for detecting other important parameters, such as heat vented rise, humidity, pressure, and tilt, which can also indicate potential fire risks. Furthermore, most methods do not consider fire suppression mechanisms to allow for extended response times.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need for a container sensor device that can monitor thermal events related to freight containers in real time and provide visual and audio alarms as well as fire suppression functions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Based on examples disclosed herein, a container sensor device has been surprisingly discovered that is capable of monitoring thermal events associated with freight containers in real time and providing visual and audio alerts as well as fire suppression capabilities.

[0009] This technology includes articles, systems, and methods relating to the monitoring of freight containers. This disclosure aims to address these limitations by providing a container sensor device that integrates a detection module having sensors capable of detecting adverse thermal events or active fires in a container equipped with the container sensor device, as well as a controller, a light source, a speaker, and a power supply.

[0010] This disclosure provides a container sensor device for detecting thermal events in a container. The container sensor device may include a housing, a detection module, and a blanket. The housing may be formed of a heat-resistant material. The housing may include a base wall, a cover wall, and a hollow interior. The base wall may be configured to be adjacent to the outer surface of the container. The cover wall may have vents for allowing airflow into the hollow interior of the housing. The detection module may be disposed adjacent to the hollow interior of the housing and may include a sensor packet, a controller, a light source, an audio source, and a power supply. The sensor packet may include sensors capable of detecting active fires and adapted to monitor thermal events related to the container. The sensors may include at least one sensor for detecting heat, ventilation heat rise, humidity, pressure, and tilt of the housing. The controller may communicate with the sensor packet and may be configured to receive and process data from the sensor packet. The light source may communicate with the controller and is configured to provide a visual alarm. The audio source may communicate with the controller and is configured to provide an audio alarm. The power supply may power the detection module. The blanket may be formed of a heat-resistant material and shaped to cover the container.

[0011] This disclosure also provides a system for detecting thermal events. The system may include a container, a container sensor device, and user equipment. The container may include an outer surface and openings formed therethrough. The system may include the container sensor device as described herein. The user equipment may communicate with the container sensor device and may be configured to receive signals indicating alarms from the container sensor device.

[0012] This disclosure further provides a method for detecting thermal events. The method may include providing a container and a container sensor device as described herein. The method may include the step of mounting the container sensor device on an outer surface of the container adjacent to an opening formed in the container. The container sensor device can monitor the container and issue an alert to a user if a thermal event is detected during container monitoring.

[0013] Further areas of application will become apparent from the description provided herein. The descriptions and specific examples in this invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent all possible implementations, nor are they intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a top perspective view of a container sensor device installed on a container;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a front view of a container sensor device installed on a container;

[0017] Figure 3 It is along Figure 1 A side view sectional view of a container sensor device installed on a container, taken by section line AA.

[0018] Figure 4a This is a front view of the housing of the container sensor equipment;

[0019] Figure 4b This is a front view of the housing of the detection module with the cover wall removed.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a top perspective view of the blanket-like structure installed on the container;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a container sensor device;

[0022] Figure 7 This is an environmental view of a container where a thermal event occurs while the container is being monitored using a system that detects thermal events.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a system used to detect thermal events; and

[0024] Figure 9 It is a flowchart depicting a method for detecting the occurrence of thermal events. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following description of the technology is merely an example of the subject matter, manufacture, and use of one or more inventions and is not intended to limit the scope, application, or use of any particular invention claimed in this application or in other such applications that may claim priority to this application, or the scope of any patent granted therefrom. Regarding the disclosed methods, the presented sequence of steps is exemplary in nature, and therefore, unless expressly stated otherwise, the order of steps may differ in various embodiments, including the possibility that certain steps may be performed simultaneously. As used herein, “a” and “an” mean “at least one” of the items present; where possible, multiple such items may be present. Unless expressly indicated otherwise, all quantities in this description should be understood to be modified by the word “about,” and all geometric and spatial descriptors should be understood to be modified by the word “substantially” to describe the broadest range of techniques. When applied to numerical values, “about” means that the calculation or measurement allows for a slight degree of imprecision (the numerical value is close to the exact value; approximately or reasonably close to the value; nearly). If, for some reason, the imprecision provided by “approximately” and / or “substantially” is not understood in its ordinary sense in the art, then “approximately” and / or “substantially” as used herein at least indicate the variation that may arise from ordinary methods of measuring or using these parameters.

[0026] Although the open-ended term “comprising” is used herein as a synonym for non-limiting terms (such as, including, containing, or having) to describe and claim embodiments of the present technology, embodiments may alternatively be described using more restrictive terms (such as, “consisting of” or “substantially consisting of”). Therefore, for any given embodiment listing materials, ingredients, or method steps, the present technology also specifically includes embodiments consisting of or substantially consisting of such materials, ingredients, or method steps, excluding additional materials, ingredients, or processes (for “consisting of”), and excluding additional materials, ingredients, or processes that affect significant characteristics of the embodiment (for “substantially consisting of”), even if such additional materials, ingredients, or processes are not expressly described in this application. For example, a composition or process listing elements A, B, and C specifically contemplates embodiments consisting of and substantially consisting of A, B, and C, excluding element D, which may be described in the art, even if element D is not expressly described herein as excluded.

[0027] As used herein, unless otherwise stated, all percentages of composition are calculated by weight of the total composition. Unless otherwise stated, the disclosure of ranges includes endpoints and encompasses all distinct values ​​throughout the range and further subdivisions. Thus, for example, a range “from A to B” or “from about A to about B” includes both A and B. The disclosure of numerical values ​​and ranges of values ​​for a particular parameter (such as amount, weight percentage, etc.) does not exclude other numerical values ​​and ranges useful herein. It is conceivable that two or more specific example values ​​for a given parameter may define the endpoints of the range of values ​​for which that parameter may be claimed. For example, if the example parameter X herein has a value A and also an example has a value Z, it is conceivable that parameter X may have a range of values ​​from about A to about Z. Similarly, it is conceivable that the disclosure of two or more ranges of values ​​for a parameter (whether these ranges are nested, overlapping, or distinct) covers all possible combinations of values ​​that may be claimed using the endpoints of the disclosed range. For example, if parameter X is exemplified in this document as having a value in the range of 1–10, or 2–9, or 3–8, it is also conceivable that parameter X could have other ranges of values, including 1–9, 1–8, 1–3, 1–2, 2–10, 2–8, 2–3, 3–10, and 3–9, etc.

[0028] When an element or layer is described as being “above,” “joined to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly above, joined to, connected to, or coupled to the other element or layer, or there may be intermediate elements or layers present. Conversely, when an element is described as being “directly above,” “directly joined to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intermediate elements or layers present. Other terms used to describe relationships between elements should be interpreted in a similar manner (e.g., “between” vs. “directly between,” “adjacent” vs. “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] Although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, and / or portions, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms may only be used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or portion from another. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numbers, when used herein, do not imply order or sequence unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer, or portion without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0030] This document may use spatially relative terms (such as "inside", "outside", "below", "below", "below", "above", "above", etc.) for ease of description to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature shown in the figures. In addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spatially relative terms may be intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as "below" or "below" other elements or features would be oriented as "above" other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can cover both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0031] This technology provides a method for manufacturing and using container monitoring equipment for detecting thermal events in containers, thereby preventing fires in containers at risk of thermal events, such as containers containing batteries, as a non-limiting example. A container sensor device 100 is provided for detecting active fires in containers based on thermal events, such as… Figures 1-6 As shown in the general diagram; a system 200 for detecting thermal events is provided, such as... Figures 7-8 As shown in the general diagram; and a method 300 for detecting the occurrence of thermal events is provided, such as Figure 9 As shown in the general diagram. This disclosure provides early detection of thermal events through advanced sensors capable of monitoring heat, humidity, pressure, and tilt of container 101. The container sensor device 100 can combine active detection with passive fire suppression by covering container 101 with a heat-resistant blanket-like material.

[0032] As used herein, the term "container" can be defined as any object or system designed to safely and efficiently house, store, or transport batteries. Containers can take many forms in various contexts, ranging from large freight containers used in global trade to smaller packaging solutions for everyday items. Examples include metal freight containers, plastic storage boxes, glass jars, cardboard boxes, and bags. Containers can be used to house batteries or used batteries that are being shipped or transported for recycling.

[0033] As used herein, the term "battery" can be defined as any device that stores and provides electrical energy through a chemical reaction. This battery can be used in any type of vehicle, including cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, e-bikes, trains, golf carts, Segways, and personal transport vehicles (such as hoverboards).

[0034] As used herein, the term "thermal event" refers to any event or process involving a significant change in temperature or heat transfer, which can include physical phenomena such as phase changes, chemical reactions that release or absorb heat, or events associated with thermal runaway in a battery or other system. As an example, a thermal event can include battery failure and subsequent fire.

[0035] refer to Figure 6 A container sensor device 100 for detecting thermal events inside container 101 may include a housing 102, a detection module 104, and a blanket-like element 106. The container sensor device 100 can be installed or configured for use with any pre-existing container 101, requiring minimal modifications to the container. Figures 1-2 As shown, the housing 102 of the container sensor device 100 can be coupled to the outer surface 103 of the container 101. The container 101 may include a recess 105, and the housing 102 can be disposed within the recess 105, forming a flush surface with the outer surface 103 of the container 101. Advantageously, mounting the container sensor device 100 within the recess 105 of the container 101 can prevent the container sensor device 100 from being damaged or removed from the container 101 during use or during loading, unloading, and transportation. Alternatively, the housing 102 can be adapted to the container 101 and protrude from the outer surface 103 of the container 101. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable placement of the housing 102 relative to the outer surface 103 of the container 101 within the scope of this disclosure.

[0036] It should be understood that the housing 102 can be formed of a rigid material. For example, the housing 102 can be formed of a rigid material with an IP66 rating. The IP66 rating is part of the International Protection (IP) code, which classifies the level of protection against intrusion, dust, and water provided by the enclosure of electrical equipment. This rating indicates that the housing 102 can be completely dustproof, providing maximum protection against dust particles, and can withstand strong water jets from any direction without water ingress, making it highly waterproof. This can be useful during a thermal extinction event to extend the service life of the detection module 104 for reuse. For example, the housing 102 can be formed of stainless steel or aluminum, or even high-quality plastics such as polycarbonate or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Those skilled in the art can select a suitable material type for the housing 102 within the scope of this disclosure.

[0037] refer to Figures 4a-4b The housing 102 may include a bottom wall 108, a cover wall 110, and a hollow interior 112. The bottom wall 108 is configured to be disposed adjacent to the outer surface 103 of the container 101, such as... Figure 3 As shown. The cover wall 110 can be coupled to the opposite side of the bottom wall 108 and can serve as a door for user access to internal components stored within the housing. The housing 102 can be sealed using rubber or silicone gaskets disposed on the bottom wall 108 and the cover wall 110, providing a waterproof and dustproof seal. For example, the cover wall 110 may include a hinged edge to allow the housing 102 to be opened and closed. Alternatively, the cover wall 110 may include a lip for snapping onto the bottom wall 108. Those skilled in the art can choose suitable means for coupling the bottom wall 108 and the cover wall 110.

[0038] like Figure 4a As shown, the housing 102 may include a vent 114 for allowing airflow into the hollow interior 112 of the housing 102 to ventilate the components of the detection module 104. The vent 114 may be disposed on the bottom wall 108, the cover wall 110, or a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable placement for the vent 114 within the scope of this disclosure.

[0039] like Figure 6 As shown, the container sensor device 100 may include a detection module 104. The detection module 104 may include a controller 116, a sensor group 118, a light source 120, an audio source 122, and a power supply 124. (Reference) Figure 4b The controller 116, light source 120, audio source 122, and power supply 124 can be housed within the hollow interior 112. The sensor array 118 can be housed within the container 101 outside the housing 102 for optimal detection of thermal events. The detection module 104, through the sensor array 118, provides monitoring and is capable of detecting various thermal event indicators, such as heat, humidity, pressure, and tilt of the housing 102. The real-time data processing capabilities of the detection module 104 allow for rapid analysis and response to fire hazards. An alarm system (including visual notifications via the light source 120 and / or audio notifications via the audio source 122) facilitates immediate local awareness of detected problems.

[0040] refer to Figure 3 The detection module 104 may include a sensor group 118. The sensor group 118 may include one or more sensors capable of detecting and monitoring thermal events related to the container 101. Specifically, the sensor group 118 may include one or more sensors for detecting heat, ventilation heat rise, humidity, pressure, and tilt of the housing 102. For example, the sensors within the sensor group 118 can work together to provide comprehensive environmental monitoring, allowing the container sensor device 100 to detect fire hazards or battery failures before an event escalates into high temperature, thermal runaway, or fire. The ability to monitor multiple parameters simultaneously can improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the container sensor device 100 in identifying thermal events.

[0041] The sensor array 118 can be highly adaptable and strategically positioned on the inner surface 107 within the container 101, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the sensor assembly 118 can be positioned adjacent to the contents of container 101 (such as batteries). Advantageously, by positioning the sensor assembly 118 separately from the housing 102 on the inner surface 107 of container 101, the sensor assembly 118 can be aligned with the area of ​​container 101 most likely to experience a thermal event. Ideally, by positioning the sensor assembly 118 on the inner surface 107 of container 101 and the housing 102 on the outer surface 103 of container 101, the sensor assembly 118 can more easily detect thermal events, and the housing 102 can be shielded from thermal events by container 101 itself. The sensor assembly 118 can be positioned at the top of container 101. Due to heat rise, any thermal event experienced by the container will cause heat to move to the top of container 101, where the sensor assembly 118 can be positioned. In this way, the positioning of the sensor assembly 118 allows for rapid detection of environmental changes that may indicate a thermal event.

[0042] With the sensor assembly 118 placed on the inner surface 107 of the container 101, the sensor assembly 118 can communicate wiredly with the controller 116 through the opening 109 in the container 101. It should be understood that the bottom wall 108 of the housing 102 may include a hole 126 corresponding to the opening 109 to allow wired communication from the sensor assembly 118 through the container 101 and the housing 102 to the controller 116. Wired communication can utilize the opening 109 of the container 101, allowing communication between the sensor assembly 118 and the controller 116 even during thermal events. Alternatively, the sensor assembly 118 and the controller 116 can communicate wirelessly. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable communication method for the sensor assembly 118 and the controller 116 within the scope of this disclosure.

[0043] It should be understood that the data collected by the sensor array 118 (including data related to heat, ventilation heat rise, humidity, and pressure) can be sent to the controller 116 within the detection module 104 for processing and analysis. Real-time data processing allows for rapid identification of fire hazards, thereby enabling rapid response and alarm generation.

[0044] Sensor group 118 is capable of detecting heat, enabling sensors to detect changes in heat, particularly temperature increases or when the temperature exceeds a predetermined value. Controller 116, communicating with sensor group 118, can be programmed to have a predetermined temperature threshold. When a sensor transmits information to controller 116 indicating that the threshold has been exceeded, controller 116 can activate an alarm system, including both visual and audio alarms. For example, if the sensor senses a temperature exceeding approximately 60°C, controller 116 can be programmed to trigger an alarm. As another example, if a temperature difference of approximately 20°C occurs within a given time period (such as approximately 2 seconds), controller 116 can issue an alarm, which may indicate thermal runaway. The predetermined threshold allows container sensor device 100 to respond quickly to thermal events, providing early warning to the user via light source 120 and audio source 122. Those skilled in the art can select appropriate predetermined temperatures and appropriate predetermined temperature differences within the scope of this disclosure.

[0045] Sensor group 118 can detect changes in the rise of ventilation heat, particularly the rate of heat rise. Controller 116, communicating with sensor group 118, can be programmed to have a predetermined threshold for the rise of ventilation heat. When the sensors transmit information to controller 116 indicating that the predetermined threshold has been exceeded, controller 116 can activate an alarm system, including both visual and audio alarms.

[0046] The container sensor device 100 can be combined with a smoke detector as part of a sensor group 118 to detect smoke, which can be an indicator of a fire or thermal event. The smoke detector can be a photoelectric smoke detector, an ionizing smoke detector, or a combination thereof. A photoelectric smoke detector uses a light source and a photocell sensor. When smoke enters the sensing chamber, it scatters the light beam, causing some of the light to strike the photocell, thereby triggering an alarm. Photoelectric smoke detectors are generally more sensitive to smoldering fires. On the other hand, an ionizing smoke detector uses a small amount of radioactive material to ionize the air between two charged plates. When smoke enters the chamber, it interferes with ionization and reduces the current flowing between the plates, which can be transmitted to the controller 116 to trigger an alarm system. Ionizing smoke detectors are more sensitive to flaming fires. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable smoke detector within the scope of this disclosure.

[0047] Sensor group 118 can also detect humidity and changes in humidity. Controller 116, communicating with sensor group 118, can be programmed to have a predetermined threshold for humidity difference. When a sensor transmits information to controller 116 indicating that the predetermined threshold has been exceeded, controller 116 can activate an alarm system, including both visual and audible alarms. Monitoring the humidity around the product can indicate thermal events. Specifically, a battery experiencing a thermal event may cause a change in humidity, albeit indirectly. When a battery overheats, it may release gases or vapors that may contain moisture, thereby increasing the humidity in the surrounding area. While a thermal event itself may not directly change humidity, its consequences can affect the humidity level in the environment.

[0048] For example, if the rate of change in humidity detected by the sensor exceeds a predetermined threshold (such as a percentage increase of about 10% to about 20% per minute), the controller 116 can be programmed to trigger an alarm. Those skilled in the art can select an appropriate predetermined threshold within the scope of this disclosure.

[0049] Sensor group 118 can detect pressure, specifically, pressure changes. Controller 144 can be programmed to have a predetermined threshold for the pressure difference. When a sensor transmits information to controller 116 indicating that the predetermined threshold has been exceeded, controller 116 can activate an alarm system, including both visual and audio alarms. For example, if the rate of pressure change detected by the sensor exceeds the predetermined threshold (e.g., increasing at a rate of approximately 127 kPa per minute), controller 116 can trigger an alarm.

[0050] Sensor group 118 can detect product tilt at a predetermined angle of movement. Controller 116 can be programmed to have a predetermined angle threshold that triggers an alarm. The predetermined angle threshold can be carefully calibrated to be large enough to avoid false alarms from slight environmental tilt (such as someone leaning against the product), but small enough to detect significant tilt that may indicate a thermal event. The predetermined angle threshold can include an angle between about 15° and about 20° from the normal position of the product. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable predetermined angle threshold within the scope of this disclosure.

[0051] It should be understood that controller 116 can be configured to make judgments based on a combination of sensor data collected by sensor group 118. This configuration allows for more accurate detection of thermal events while reducing the likelihood of false alarms. For example, controller 116 can be programmed to require at least two predetermined thresholds to be met before triggering an alarm system. By using data from multiple sensors simultaneously (such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and tilt), controller 114 can perform a more comprehensive analysis of the product's condition. This multi-factor approach enhances the reliability of the detection system because it prevents a single abnormal reading from triggering unnecessary alarms. For example, a slight increase in temperature alone does not necessarily indicate a thermal event, but if accompanied by a rapid change in pressure or an unusual tilt angle, it may more reliably indicate a hazard.

[0052] For example, controller 116 may include a DNOC unit configured for detection (D), notification (N), operation (O), and communication (C). Controller 116 can coordinate and manage various functions of container sensor device 100, including data analysis to identify thermal events or fire hazards, alarm triggering to activate light and audio sources to issue visual and audio alarms, communication management for transmitting alarm signals to external user equipment when remote communication is enabled, and power management to ensure efficient operation of all components within detection module 104.

[0053] It should be understood that controller 116 may include memory (internal or external) that may be coupled to one or more processors for storing information and instructions executable by the processors. The memory may be one or more memories and may be of any type suitable for the local application environment, and may be implemented using any suitable volatile or non-volatile data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based storage devices, magnetic storage devices and systems, optical storage devices and systems, fixed memory, and removable memory. For example, the memory may consist of any combination of random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), static memory (such as disks or optical discs), hard disk drives (HDDs), or any other type of non-transitory machine or computer-readable medium. Instructions stored in the memory may include program instructions or computer program code that, when executed by the processor, at least enable the container sensor device 100 to perform the tasks described herein.

[0054] Those skilled in the art will also understand that one or more processors can be configured to process information and execute instructions or operations. The processor can be any type of general-purpose or special-purpose processor. In some cases, according to other embodiments, multiple processors for at least one processor can be utilized. Indeed, by way of example, one or more processors may include one or more of the following: a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. In some cases, one or more processors may be located remotely from the container sensor device 100, such as within a remote platform.

[0055] One or more processors may perform functions related to the operation of the container sensor device 100, which may include, for example, precoding of antenna gain / phase parameters, encoding and decoding of individual bits forming communication messages, formatting of information, and overall control of one or more computing platforms (including processes related to communication resource management).

[0056] The memory may also store multiple modules including machine-readable instructions, which, as a non-limiting example, may be provided as tangible, non-transitory processor-executable instructions. The instructions may be configured to execute the method 300 of this disclosure as described herein, via a processor or other processor of the container sensor device 100 detailed above.

[0057] In some embodiments, one or more computing platforms may also include one or more antennas (not shown) or may be coupled to one or more antennas (not shown) for transmitting signals and / or data to and from the container sensor device 100. One or more antennas may be configured to communicate via, for example, multiple radio interfaces coupled to one or more antennas. The radio interfaces may correspond to a variety of radio access technologies, including one or more of LTE (Long Term Evolution), 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology), WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network), Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), radio frequency identification (RFID), and ultra-wideband (UWB). The radio interfaces may include components such as filters, converters (e.g., digital-to-analog converters), mappers, and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) modules to generate symbols for transmission via one or more downlinks and for receiving symbols (e.g., via uplinks).

[0058] like Figure 4b As shown, the detection module 104 may include a light source 120, which communicates directly with the controller 116. The light source 120 may be mounted on the housing 102 to allow it to be visible during operation, such as... Figure 4a As shown. Direct communication allows the light source 120 to be rapidly activated when the controller 116 processes data from the sensor group 118 and determines that a thermal event is occurring. When a thermal event is detected, the light source 120 can provide a visual alert to nearby users or residents. The light source 120 may include LEDs that flash or provide a strobe effect when providing a visual alert. The flashing nature of LEDs can improve visibility and attract immediate attention, even in smoky or chaotic environments that may be accompanied by a fire or thermal event. Furthermore, when there are multiple container sensor devices 100 in the area, the light source 120 can help users determine which container 101 is experiencing a thermal event.

[0059] In some embodiments, the light source 120 may be strategically positioned on the housing 102 to maximize the effectiveness of the visual alarm. For example, the light source 120 may be positioned on the exterior of the cover wall 110 of the housing 102 to allow the visual alarm to be easily seen. Alternatively, the light source 120 may be positioned within the housing 102, and the housing 102 may include a housing opening 128 adjacent to the light source 120 in the housing 102 to allow the visual alarm generated by the light source 120 to be visible from the outside of the housing 102. Advantageously, positioning the light source 120 on the housing 102 or within the housing 102 having the housing opening 128 allows the visual alarm to be highlighted near eye level and easily noticed from various angles.

[0060] The light source 120 can work in conjunction with other components of the detection module 104. When the light source 120 provides a visual alarm, the audio source 122 can provide an audio alarm, thus creating a multi-sensory warning system. The combination of visual and audio alarms can improve the overall effectiveness of the container sensor device 100 in notifying nearby individuals of fire hazards.

[0061] refer to Figure 4b The detection module 104 may include an audio source 122 that can communicate directly with the controller 116. Direct communication allows the audio source 122 to be rapidly activated when the controller 116 processes data from the sensor group 118 and determines that a thermal event is occurring. The audio source 122 may be housed within the housing 102. When a thermal event is detected, the audio source 122 can provide an audio alarm to nearby users or occupants. Advantageously, a vent 114 can allow the audio alarm to be more easily heard because the ventilation space allows the sound generated by the audio source 122 to easily escape from the housing 102. In some embodiments, the audio source 122 may include a piezoelectric audio source that provides the audio alarm. Advantageously, the piezoelectric audio source can produce a clear, attention-grabbing sound for effectively alerting nearby individuals in potentially noisy or chaotic environments that may be accompanied by a fire or thermal event. The audio source 122 can be small and lightweight so that it can be easily integrated into the housing 102 without adding significant volume or weight. Furthermore, the piezoelectric speaker can withstand changes in temperature and humidity that may occur during a thermal event.

[0062] like Figure 4b As shown, the detection module 104 may include a power supply 124 for supplying power to the detection module 104. The power supply 124 may be housed within the housing 102 to allow the housing 102 to provide an additional layer of protection against thermal events in addition to the container 101 itself. Protecting the power supply 124 from thermal events can extend the service life of the container sensor device 100 and allow the power supply 124 to operate continuously, even if the external power source may be damaged.

[0063] Power supply 124 can power all components within detection module 104, including controller 116, sensor group 118, light source 120, and audio source 122. In some embodiments, power supply 124 may include a battery for powering detection module 104. For example, the battery may be a lithium-ion battery, lithium polymer battery, alkaline battery, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery, or sealed lead-acid battery. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable power supply 124 within the scope of this disclosure.

[0064] refer to Figure 5 The container sensor device 100 for detecting thermal events in container 101 may include a blanket 106 formed of a heat-resistant material. The blanket 106 can be customized to form various sizes and shapes to accommodate containers of different shapes and sizes. The heat-resistant material used can be cut, sewn, or molded to conform to the specific contours and dimensions of the container that the blanket 106 is intended to protect. The adaptability of the blanket 106 allows the container sensor device 100 to provide comprehensive coverage, whether the container sensor device 100 is used on a personal container or a cargo container containing batteries.

[0065] It should be understood that the blanket 106 can be formed in multiple layers. For example, the blanket 106 can be formed from a first layer 130 and a second layer 132. The first layer 130 can be positioned adjacent to the container 101, and therefore closest to thermal events. The first layer 130 can be made of a highly heat-resistant material. For example, the first layer 130 can be made of fiberglass or carbon fiber fabric. The first layer 130 can be lightweight and flexible, allowing the blanket 106 to be easily moved onto or removed from the container 101, especially in the event of a thermal event. The first layer 130 can withstand thermal events that generate temperatures up to approximately 1000°C. The purpose of the first layer 130 is to provide immediate protection and containment against thermal events. For example, the first layer 130 can comprise a commercially available carbon fiber fabric welded blanket, such as VELVETSHIELD® from Steiner Industries of Chicago, IL.

[0066] The second layer 132 may be disposed adjacent to the first layer 130 and may be the outer layer of the blanket 106 disposed away from the container. The second layer 132 may comprise the same material as the first layer 130, or the second layer 132 may comprise a different material than the first layer 130. The second layer 132 may be made of a highly heat-resistant material. The second layer 132 may be formed of a rigid and durable material, particularly providing structural stability to the blanket 106 during thermal events. The second layer 132 can withstand thermal events generating temperatures up to approximately 1000°C. The purpose of the second layer 132 is to provide secondary protection and additional insulation during thermal events. For example, the second layer 132 may comprise a HI TEMP welded blanket from HI-TEMP PRODUCTS of Danbury, CT.

[0067] refer to Figure 5 The blanket 106 may include a channel 134 corresponding to the housing 102 when installed on the container 101. The channel 134 in the blanket 106 allows the housing 102 of the container sensor device 100 to be seen through the blanket when the blanket is installed on the container 101, ensuring that visual and audio alarms from the container sensor device 100 remain effective even when the blanket 106 is in place. The channel 134 may fit snugly around the housing 102 of the container sensor device 100, preventing any gaps between the housing 102 and the channel 134. This tight fit helps maintain the integrity of the blanket 106's coverage on the container 101, ensuring that visual alarms are clearly visible through the channel 134 and allowing audio alarms to be heard without significant attenuation.

[0068] It should be understood that the container sensor device 100 may include more than one housing 102 and detection module 104. Multiple housings 102 and detection modules 104 may be arranged around the container 101. Alternatively, the container sensor device 100 may include a housing 102 and detection modules 104 communicating with more than one sensor group 118. To accommodate additional housings 102 and detection modules 104, the container 101 may have multiple openings 109 to allow the sensor group 118 of each detection module 104 to be positioned within the container 101. By placing more than one housing 102 and more than one detection module 104 at different locations on the container 101, the container sensor device 100 can provide more comprehensive coverage of the entire container space, detecting thermal events or fires that may originate in different areas depending on the size of the container 101. Increased coverage can lead to faster detection, as the nearest module can pick up changes first. The redundancy provided by multiple modules helps to ensure continued protection even if one module fails or is damaged. Furthermore, by collecting data from multiple points, the exact location of thermal events within container 101 can be more easily determined, thereby improving the accuracy of the collected information. Multiple modules can work together to provide more sophisticated alerts, reducing false alarms by cross-referencing data from different locations.

[0069] This disclosure also provides a system 200 for detecting the occurrence of thermal events, substantially as follows: Figures 7-8 As shown. System 200 may include a container and container sensor device 100 as described herein, and user equipment 202. User equipment 202 may communicate with container sensor device 100 and may be configured to receive signals indicating alarms from container sensor device 100. User equipment 202 may serve as a remote interface for receiving alarms and notifications from detection module 104. User equipment 202 may extend the alarm range beyond the immediate vicinity of the monitored container or product.

[0070] As described herein, detection module 104 can be configured to provide audio and visual alarms to nearby users upon detection of the onset or occurrence of a thermal event. Detection module 104 may further include a transmitter 136 communicating with controller 116. Detection module 104 can be configured to transmit a signal indicating a detected thermal event to user equipment 202 via transmitter 136 or the transmitter itself. This communication allows for remote monitoring and rapid response to fire hazards, even when the user is not near container sensor equipment 100.

[0071] As an example, user equipment 202 may include smartphones, smartwatches, tablets, networked computers, laptops, smart home devices, vehicle information systems, industrial control panels, radios, pagers, remote devices dedicated to wireless communication with container sensor equipment 100, various other wireless connectivity devices, and combinations thereof. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable user equipment 202 within the scope of this disclosure.

[0072] By incorporating user equipment 202, the effectiveness of container sensor device 100 can be extended beyond local alerts. The remote notification capability of user equipment 202 allows for faster response times and more effective mitigation of thermal events, as alerts can be issued and actions taken even if the user is not in the immediate vicinity of the monitored container or product.

[0073] This disclosure also provides a method 300 for detecting the occurrence of thermal events, substantially as follows: Figure 9 As shown. Method 300 may include step 302 of providing the container sensor device 100 as described herein. Method 300 may include step 304 of providing the container 101 as described herein. In step 306, the container sensor device 100 may be mounted on an outer surface 103 of the container adjacent to an opening 109 formed in the container 101. Method 300 may include step 308 of monitoring the container 101 with the container sensor device 100, and step 310 of issuing an alarm to a user if a thermal event is detected by monitoring the container 101.

[0074] Exemplary embodiments are provided to make this disclosure thorough and to fully convey the scope to those skilled in the art. Numerous specific details (such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods) are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of this disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the specific details are not necessary, that the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many different forms, and that neither should be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. In some exemplary embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known techniques are not described in detail. Within the scope of this art, equivalent changes, modifications, and variations can be made to some embodiments, materials, compositions, and methods to obtain substantially similar results.

Claims

1. A container sensor device for detecting thermal events in a container, comprising: A housing having a bottom wall, a cover wall and a hollow interior, wherein the bottom wall is configured to be disposed adjacent to the outer surface of the container; A detection module is disposed adjacent to the housing, and the detection module includes: The sensor array includes sensors for detecting the thermal event, the sensors being configured to detect a selection of: heat, ventilation heat rise, smoke, humidity, pressure, tilt of the housing, and combinations thereof. A controller, communicating with the sensor group, is configured to receive and process data from the sensor group. A light source, communicating with the controller, is configured to provide a visual alarm when it receives an alarm from the controller that the sensor has detected a thermal event. An audio source, communicating with the controller, is configured to provide an audio alarm upon receiving an alarm from the controller that the sensor has detected a thermal event. A power supply is provided to power the detection module. as well as A blanket-like element comprising a heat-resistant material, the blanket-like element being shaped to cover the container.

2. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The detection module further includes a transmitter that communicates with the controller.

3. The container sensor device according to claim 2, wherein, The detection module is configured to send a signal indicating the thermal event to a user equipment, including at least one of a mobile phone and a networked computer, by the transmitter.

4. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The light source includes: LED lights.

5. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The audio source includes a piezoelectric speaker.

6. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The power source includes: a battery.

7. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The blanket-like element includes a channel that corresponds to the housing when installed on the container.

8. The container sensor device according to claim 7, wherein, The channels in the blanket-like element are arranged around the periphery of the housing of the container sensor device.

9. The container sensor device according to claim 1, further comprising: Multiple detection modules are installed at different locations on the container.

10. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The sensor array is mounted on the inner surface of the container.

11. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The sensor group communicates with the controller via a wired connection.

12. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The bottom wall of the housing includes a hole.

13. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The cover wall includes: a vent for allowing airflow into the hollow interior of the housing.

14. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The light source is disposed within the housing, and the housing includes a housing opening adjacent to the light source to allow the visual alarm to be visible from the outside of the housing.

15. The container sensor device according to claim 1, wherein, The container includes: batteries.

16. A system for detecting the occurrence of a thermal event, comprising: A shipping container having an outer surface and an opening formed therethrough, the container being exposed to the risk of the thermal event; Container sensor equipment, the container sensor equipment comprising: A housing having a bottom wall, a cover wall and a hollow interior, wherein the bottom wall is configured to be disposed adjacent to the outer surface of the container; A detection module is disposed adjacent to the housing, and the detection module includes: The sensor array includes sensors for detecting the thermal event, the sensors being configured to detect a selection of: heat, ventilation heat rise, smoke, humidity, pressure, tilt of the housing, and combinations thereof. A controller, communicating with the sensor group, is configured to receive and process data from the sensor group. A light source, communicating with the controller, is configured to provide a visual alarm when it receives an alarm from the controller that the sensor has detected a thermal event. An audio source, communicating with the controller, is configured to provide an audio alarm upon receiving an alarm from the controller that the sensor has detected a thermal event. A power supply for supplying power to the detection module; and A blanket-like element, comprising a heat-resistant material, is formed to cover the container; and User equipment, which communicates with the container sensor equipment and is configured to receive signals indicating alarms from the container sensor equipment.

17. The system according to claim 16, wherein, The container houses the batteries.

18. The system according to claim 16, wherein, The housing is configured to be located within a recess on the outer surface of the container.

19. A method for detecting the occurrence of a thermal event, the method comprising the following steps: A container is provided, the container having an outer surface and an opening formed therethrough, the container being exposed to the risk of the thermal event; Provide a container sensor device, the container sensor device comprising: A housing having a bottom wall, a cover wall and a hollow interior, wherein the bottom wall is configured to be disposed adjacent to the outer surface of the container; A detection module is disposed adjacent to the housing, and the detection module includes: The sensor array includes sensors for detecting the thermal event, the sensors being configured to detect a selection of: heat, ventilation heat rise, smoke, humidity, pressure, tilt of the housing, and combinations thereof. A controller, communicating with the sensor group, is configured to receive and process data from the sensor group. A light source, communicating with the controller, is configured to provide a visual alarm when it receives an alarm from the controller that the sensor has detected a thermal event. An audio source, communicating with the controller, is configured to provide an audio alarm upon receiving an alarm from the controller that the sensor has detected a thermal event. A power supply is provided to power the detection module, and A blanket-like element comprising a heat-resistant material, the blanket-like element being shaped to cover the container; The container sensor device is mounted on the outer surface of the container, adjacent to an opening formed in the container; Monitor the container using the container sensor equipment; and An alert is provided when the thermal event is detected while the container is being monitored.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein, The container houses the batteries.

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