A mechanical method for precision seeding of brassica rapa seeds

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of seed sowing, and discloses a mechanical precision sowing method for brassica campestris L. seeds, which comprises the following steps: S1, seed purification treatment; S2, seed rope precision weaving; S3, field ditching and rope paving; S4, precision sowing; S5, synchronous soil covering and pressing; and S6, automatic rope cutting and continuous sowing. The application realizes full-process precision control of the sowing plant distance, row distance and sowing depth of the brassica campestris L., achieves the effect of standardized precision sowing, solves the problems of uneven density in traditional broadcast sowing and row sowing, seedling and ridge breakage, has high sowing uniformity and good field consistency, can fully release the growth space and growth potential of single brassica campestris L. through setting of the optimal sowing density, greatly reduces the occurrence rate of yellow leaves, old leaves and weak seedlings, and significantly improves the overall quality and group uniformity of the brassica campestris L.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seed sowing technology, specifically a precision mechanized sowing method for shepherd's purse seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) is a plant belonging to the genus Capsella in the Brassicaceae family. It is rich in various nutrients such as protein, carbohydrates, alkaloids, cellulose, and minerals, and has medicinal properties including improving eyesight, stopping bleeding, benefiting liver function, nourishing the heart and spleen, lowering blood pressure, and anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. In recent years, the shepherd's purse industry has developed rapidly due to its unique flavor and health benefits, with huge market potential. Besides being eaten fresh, shepherd's purse is mainly used as a raw material in food processing, such as shepherd's purse dumplings, buns, and glutinous rice balls. Due to high market demand and economic value, wild shepherd's purse has gradually transitioned to artificial cultivation, moving towards standardization, large-scale production, and processing. Shepherd's purse seeds are extremely small, with a thousand-seed weight of only about 0.1g, making uniform and efficient sowing extremely difficult. Sowing quality significantly affects the yield and quality of shepherd's purse; uneven sowing often leads to excessive sowing density, while overly dense sowing results in insufficient plant growth per plant, low yield, and an increase in yellow and withered leaves. However, the core quality indicators for processed shepherd's purse are the yellow leaf rate and impurity rate. Removing yellow and withered leaves is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive, affecting the supply of high-quality raw materials. Currently, large-scale shepherd's purse cultivation in China generally adopts manual broadcasting or conventional mechanical row sowing methods. Due to the small size, extremely light weight, and poor flowability of shepherd's purse seeds, traditional sowing methods have many technical drawbacks. For example, manual broadcasting is highly random, easily leading to uneven density, localized dense seedlings, and gaps in the rows, resulting in inconsistent seedling emergence in the field. Conventional row sowing makes it difficult to precisely control seed-plant spacing, resulting in significant differences in plant growth space and uneven plant size at harvest. At the same time, traditional sowing methods are inefficient and produce unstable sowing quality, making them unsuitable for large-scale, standardized shepherd's purse cultivation and production, severely restricting the industrialization and intensive development of shepherd's purse. Currently, there is no dedicated, precise, efficient, and labor-saving sowing technology suitable for the characteristics of shepherd's purse's small seeds. To address the above technical challenges, it is necessary to develop a precision sowing technology that is adapted to the growth characteristics of shepherd's purse, allows for precise distance control, and is suitable for mechanized operations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing shepherd's purse sowing methods, such as uneven seedling emergence, high labor requirements, low planting efficiency, and low standardization. It provides a precision mechanized sowing method for shepherd's purse seeds, achieving standardized precision sowing of shepherd's purse, improving the uniformity and marketability of seedling emergence, reducing processing costs, and adapting to large-scale standardized planting.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution, including the following steps: S1. Seed purification treatment: The shepherd's purse seeds to be sown are sieved and purified through a 32-mesh sieve to remove impurities, damaged seeds, diseased and pest-infested seeds and immature shriveled seeds, so as to obtain sowing seeds with uniform particle size and consistent germination vigor. S2, Precision weaving of seed rope: The purified shepherd's purse seeds are braided into seed ropes using a seed braiding machine. The braiding machine is equipped with a 1 mm double-hole seed suction plate, which uses negative pressure adsorption to achieve single seed suction and uses a double-hole limiting structure to prevent seeds from entering the suction hole and causing mechanical damage. By controlling the center-to-center distance between adjacent seeds on the seed rope to 4 cm, the shepherd's purse seeds are arranged in an equidistant structure along the length of the seed rope, thus producing shepherd's purse seed braided thread. S3. Ditching and rope laying in the field: The seed weaving line is installed on the line-releasing device of the electric seed rope sowing machine. Sowing furrows are opened on the flat bed surface according to the preset sowing trajectory, and the seed rope is released simultaneously. S4, Precision Seeding: Sowing operations are carried out according to the standard bed width of 1.2 m, with 7 rows sown per bed, the row spacing controlled at 18-20 cm, and the sowing depth controlled at 1 cm; S5. Simultaneous backfilling and compaction: After the seed rope is laid, the soil covering device backfills the soil on both sides of the sowing furrow to cover the surface of the seed rope, and the soil covering layer is compacted by the compaction device to ensure that the seeds are in full contact with the soil. S6. Automatic rope-breaking and reconnecting sowing: When the sowing machine turns at the end of the seedbed, it automatically activates the seed rope cutting device to cut the seed rope and then re-lays the seed rope at the starting position of the next seedbed, thus realizing continuous and standardized mechanized sowing operations.

[0005] Preferably, the purity of the shepherd's purse seeds after screening in step S1 is not less than 98%, the thousand-seed weight fluctuation range is not more than ±5%, and the germination rate is not less than 90%.

[0006] The 1 mm dual-hole seed suction plate includes a main suction hole and an auxiliary balance hole. The main suction hole is used to form a negative pressure seed suction area, and the auxiliary balance hole is used to adjust the distribution of the suction airflow, so that a single seed is stably attached to the surface of the seed suction plate, achieving a single seed collection rate of more than 95%.

[0007] Preferably, the seed weaving thread uses biodegradable plant fiber rope, starch-based fiber rope, or cellulose composite rope as the carrier material, and the seeds are fixed to the surface of the seed rope by a biodegradable adhesive.

[0008] The seed rope weaving process employs an electronic distance control system, which controls the seed placement position based on the seed rope running speed and seed suction frequency, ensuring that the distance error between adjacent seeds is controlled within ±2 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the electric seeding rope sowing machine includes: a walking drive device, a seed rope laying device, a guiding ditching device, a soil covering device, a compaction device, an automatic seed rope cutting device, a motor drive device, and a hand-held control device, and each device is synchronized through a transmission component.

[0010] Preferably, the line-laying speed and the traveling speed of the seeding machinery are synchronized and matched to satisfy: V1 = V2 Where: V1 is the seed rope release speed; V2 is the forward speed of the seeding machine; This prevents the seed rope from becoming slack, stretched, or misaligned.

[0011] The soil covering device adopts a double-sided guide soil covering plate structure, the soil covering thickness is controlled within the range of 0.8 to 1.5 cm, and the soil covering uniformity is not less than 90%.

[0012] The automatic seed rope cutting device includes a seed rope position detection unit, a control unit, and a cutting execution unit; When the seeding machine reaches the preset position at the end of the bed, the control unit issues a cutting command, drives the cutting execution unit to cut the seed rope, and records the remaining seed rope length.

[0013] The precision seeding method using seed ropes creates a standardized planting population structure in the field. After sowing, there is no need for manual thinning, which saves 20-40% of seed usage compared to the traditional manual broadcasting method, increases the uniformity of seedling emergence by more than 15%, and reduces the rate of yellowing and old leaves.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: This technology enables precise control over the plant spacing, row spacing, and sowing depth of shepherd's purse throughout the entire sowing process, achieving standardized precision sowing results. It solves the problems of uneven density and missing seedlings in traditional broadcasting and row sowing, resulting in high sowing uniformity and good field consistency. By setting the optimal sowing density, the growth space and potential of individual shepherd's purse plants can be fully released, resulting in robust plant growth, significantly reducing the incidence of yellow leaves, old leaves, and weak seedlings in the field, and significantly improving the overall quality and uniformity of shepherd's purse.

[0015] 2. Addressing the pain points of the shepherd's purse processing industry, this invention enables standardized precision sowing, resulting in uniform and robust plant growth. It significantly reduces the proportion of yellow and old leaves, effectively decreasing the workload of removing yellow leaves and impurities during later processing stages. This solves the core problems of difficult yellow leaf removal and unstable quality in shepherd's purse processing, significantly reducing production costs and sorting pressure for processing enterprises, and improving the grade and market value of finished products. Furthermore, this invention involves fully mechanized operations, ensuring that sowing results are unaffected by differences in human skill or physical strength, greatly improving sowing efficiency. It is suitable for large-scale, standardized shepherd's purse production and has significant application value in stabilizing shepherd's purse yield, improving quality, reducing labor and processing costs, and promoting the intensive development of the industry. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the seeding method flow structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, a method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds includes the following steps: S1. Seed purification treatment: The shepherd's purse seeds to be sown are sieved and purified through a 32-mesh sieve to remove impurities, damaged seeds, diseased and pest-infested seeds and immature shriveled seeds, so as to obtain sowing seeds with uniform particle size and consistent germination vigor. S2, Precision weaving of seed rope: The purified shepherd's purse seeds are braided into seed ropes using a seed braiding machine. The braiding machine is equipped with a 1 mm double-hole seed suction plate, which uses negative pressure adsorption to achieve single seed suction. The double-hole limiting structure prevents the seeds from entering the suction hole and causing mechanical damage. By controlling the center-to-center distance between adjacent seeds on the seed rope to 4 cm, the shepherd's purse seeds are arranged in an equidistant structure along the length of the seed rope, thus producing shepherd's purse seed braided thread. S3. Ditching and rope laying in the field: The seed weaving line is installed on the line-releasing device of the electric seed rope sowing machine. Sowing furrows are opened on the flat bed surface according to the preset sowing trajectory, and the seed rope is released simultaneously. S4, Precision Seeding: Sowing operations are carried out according to the standard bed width of 1.2 m, with 7 rows sown per bed, the row spacing controlled at 18-20 cm, and the sowing depth controlled at 1 cm; S5. Simultaneous backfilling and compaction: After the seed rope is laid, the soil covering device backfills the soil on both sides of the sowing furrow to cover the surface of the seed rope, and the soil covering layer is compacted by the compaction device to ensure that the seeds are in full contact with the soil. S6. Automatic rope-breaking and reconnecting sowing: When the sowing machine turns at the end of the seedbed, it automatically activates the seed rope cutting device to cut the seed rope and then re-lays the seed rope at the starting position of the next seedbed, thus realizing continuous and standardized mechanized sowing operations.

[0019] One embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the purity of the shepherd's purse seeds after screening in step S1 is not less than 98%, the fluctuation range of the thousand-seed weight is not more than ±5%, and the germination rate is not less than 90%; Furthermore, the 1 mm dual-hole seed suction plate includes a main adsorption hole and an auxiliary balancing hole. The main adsorption hole is used to form a negative pressure seed suction area, and the auxiliary balancing hole is used to adjust the adsorption airflow distribution, so that a single seed is stably attached to the surface of the seed suction plate, achieving a single seed collection rate of more than 95%. Furthermore, the seed weaving thread uses biodegradable plant fiber rope, starch-based fiber rope or cellulose composite rope as carrier material, and the seeds are fixed to the surface of the seed rope by a biodegradable binder. Furthermore, an electronic distance control system is used during the seed rope weaving process to control the seed placement position based on the seed rope running speed and seed suction frequency, so that the error of the distance between adjacent seeds is controlled within ±2 mm.

[0020] Another embodiment of the present invention is: the electric seeding rope sowing machine includes: a walking drive device, a seed rope laying device, a guiding ditching device, a soil covering device, a pressing device, an automatic seed rope cutting device, a motor drive system, and a hand-held control device, and each device is synchronized through a transmission component.

[0021] Furthermore, the laying speed and traveling speed of the seeding machinery are synchronized to meet the following requirements: V1 = V2 Where: V1 is the seed rope release speed; V2 is the forward speed of the seeding machine; This prevents the seed rope from becoming slack, stretched, or misaligned.

[0022] Furthermore, the soil covering device adopts a double-sided guide soil covering plate structure, the soil covering thickness is controlled within the range of 0.8 to 1.5 cm, and the soil covering uniformity is not less than 90%.

[0023] Furthermore, the automatic seed rope cutting device includes a seed rope position detection unit, a control unit, and a cutting execution unit; When the seeding machine reaches the preset position at the end of the bed, the control unit issues a cutting command, drives the cutting execution unit to cut the seed rope, and records the remaining seed rope length.

[0024] Furthermore, by using precision seeding with seed ropes to form a standardized planting group structure in the field, no manual thinning is required after sowing. This saves 20-40% of seed usage compared to traditional manual broadcasting, increases seedling uniformity by more than 15%, and reduces the rate of yellowing and old leaves.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Seed purification treatment: The shepherd's purse seeds to be sown are sieved and purified through a 32-mesh sieve (mesh diameter of about 0.55 mm) to remove impurities, damaged seeds, diseased and pest-infested seeds and immature shriveled seeds, so as to obtain seeds with uniform particle size and consistent germination potential. S2, Precision weaving of seed rope: The purified shepherd's purse seeds are braided into seed ropes using a seed braiding machine. The braiding machine is equipped with a 1 mm double-hole seed suction plate, which uses negative pressure adsorption to achieve single seed suction and uses a double-hole limiting structure to prevent seeds from entering the suction hole and causing mechanical damage. By controlling the center-to-center distance between adjacent seeds on the seed rope to 4 cm, the shepherd's purse seeds are arranged in an equidistant structure along the length of the seed rope, thus producing shepherd's purse seed braided thread. S3. Ditching and rope laying in the field: The seed weaving line is installed in the line-releasing device of the electric seed rope sowing machine. The sowing furrow is opened on the flat bed according to the preset sowing trajectory, and the seed rope is released at the same time. S4, Precision Seeding: Sowing operations are carried out according to the standard bed width of 1.2 m, with 7 rows sown per bed, the row spacing controlled at 18-20 cm, and the sowing depth controlled at 1 cm; S5. Simultaneous backfilling and compaction: After the seed rope is laid, the soil covering device backfills the soil on both sides of the sowing furrow to cover the surface of the seed rope, and the soil covering layer is compacted by the compaction device to ensure that the seeds are in full contact with the soil. S6. Automatic rope-breaking and reconnecting sowing: When the sowing machine turns at the end of the seedbed, it automatically activates the seed rope cutting device to cut the seed rope and then re-lays the seed rope at the starting position of the next seedbed, thus realizing continuous and standardized mechanized sowing operations.

2. The method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the purity of the shepherd's purse seeds after screening is not less than 98%, the thousand-seed weight fluctuation range is not more than ±5%, and the germination rate is not less than 90%.

3. The method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 1 mm dual-hole seed suction plate includes a main suction hole and an auxiliary balance hole. The main suction hole is used to form a negative pressure seed suction area, and the auxiliary balance hole is used to adjust the distribution of the suction airflow, so that a single seed is stably attached to the surface of the seed suction plate, achieving a single seed collection rate of more than 95%.

4. The method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed weaving thread uses biodegradable plant fiber rope, starch-based fiber rope, or cellulose composite rope as the carrier material, and the seeds are fixed to the surface of the seed rope by a biodegradable adhesive.

5. The method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The seed rope weaving process employs an electronic distance control system, which controls the seed placement position based on the seed rope running speed and seed suction frequency, ensuring that the distance error between adjacent seeds is controlled within ±2 mm.

6. The method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric seeding machine includes: a walking drive device, a seed rope laying device, a guiding ditching device, a soil covering device, a pressing device, an automatic seed rope cutting device, a motor drive system, and a hand-held control device. All devices are synchronized through a transmission component.

7. A method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The laying speed and traveling speed of the seeding machinery are synchronized and matched to satisfy: V1 = V2 Where: V1 is the seed rope release speed; V2 is the forward speed of the seeding machine; This prevents the seed rope from becoming slack, stretched, or misaligned.

8. The method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil covering device adopts a double-sided guide soil covering plate structure, the soil covering thickness is controlled within the range of 0.8 to 1.5 cm, and the soil covering uniformity is not less than 90%.

9. A method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic seed rope cutting device includes a seed rope position detection unit, a control unit, and a cutting execution unit; When the seeding machine reaches the preset position at the end of the bed, the control unit issues a cutting command, drives the cutting execution unit to cut the seed rope, and records the remaining seed rope length.

10. A method for precision mechanized sowing of shepherd's purse seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision seeding method using seed ropes creates a standardized planting population structure in the field. After sowing, there is no need for manual thinning, which saves 20-40% of seed usage compared to the traditional manual broadcasting method, increases the uniformity of seedling emergence by more than 15%, and reduces the rate of yellowing and old leaves.

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