A dry land red soil conditioner and its use

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of agrochemical technology, and in particular to a dry red soil conditioner and application thereof.The preparation raw material of the soil conditioner comprises: limestone rock powder, biomass charcoal, calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer, humic acid, crab shell powder, cow dung, fermented straw, fermented green tea leaves, straw ash, sandstone and magmatic rock.The soil conditioner can quickly solve the problem of pH value and does not appear re-acidification;the addition of organic materials and biomass charcoal can also improve salinization and obtain a better soil aggregate structure fractal cone number;at the same time, it does not cause soil water loss and increases the effect of enzymes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agrochemical technology, and in particular to a soil conditioner for dryland red soil and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Soil erosion causes a series of harms to agriculture, the economy, and the ecological environment. Water erosion, freeze-thaw erosion, and wind erosion all occur in my country.

[0003] Red soils tend to have poor physical properties, such as a high proportion of micro-aggregates, high clay content, and low organic matter content. In addition, the high temperatures and low rainfall in rain-fed agriculture areas during summer and autumn can easily exacerbate seasonal droughts.

[0004] The main approaches to improving the structure of red soil include ecological restoration, planting green manure, balanced fertilization, and application of soil conditioners. Among these, balanced fertilization combined with the application of soil conditioners is an important technical approach to improve the fertility of red soil in dryland areas and to improve soil structure. Soil conditioners are materials added to the soil to improve its physical, chemical, and biological properties, effectively improving soil structure, regulating soil pH, and enhancing soil water retention and nutrient retention.

[0005] CN101550343A discloses a chemical conditioner for improving red soil dryland conditions. Its preparation method involves uniformly mixing 30%–45% lightly calcined MgO, 15%–20% nano-CaCO3, and 15%–25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (ground through a 100-mesh sieve) and placing the mixture into a container. Then, 30%–45% polyacrylamide / attapulgite clay composite superabsorbent resin is added and uniformly mixed within the container. This chemical conditioner can replenish lost calcium and magnesium elements in the soil, promote soil nutrient balance, and improve soil productivity. It effectively solves the problems of severe deficiency of calcium and magnesium and other medium-quantity elements in red soil dryland areas of my country, as well as frequent seasonal droughts leading to poor crop growth and low yields. It has broad application prospects in dryland crops in red soil regions.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a soil conditioner for dryland red soil and its application. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a soil conditioner for dryland red soil. The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: limestone powder, biochar, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, humic acid, crab shell powder, cow manure, fermented straw, fermented green tea leaves, straw ash, sandstone, and igneous rock.

[0008] As one embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner, by weight, include: 10-20 parts limestone rock powder, 5-15 parts biochar, 20-30 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5-10 parts humic acid, 5-10 parts crab shell powder, 10-20 parts cow dung, 10-20 parts fermented straw, 5-20 parts fermented green tea leaves, 1-10 parts straw ash, 1-10 parts sandstone, and 5-20 parts igneous rock.

[0009] As one embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner, by weight, include: 15 parts limestone rock powder, 8 parts biochar, 22 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts crab shell powder, 12 parts cow dung, 15 parts fermented straw, 17 parts fermented green tea leaves, 6 parts straw ash, 4 parts sandstone, and 13 parts igneous rock.

[0010] As one embodiment of the present invention, the method for processing the crab shell powder is as follows: S01 The purchased crab shell powder and 6% hydrochloric acid were mixed and stirred at a ratio of 1:25 (g / mL) for 3 hours. The precipitate was then filtered and washed with deionized water until the pH value was neutral. S02 The precipitate obtained in step S01 is mixed with an alkaline solution and reacted at 90°C for 3 hours. After filtration and washing, the processed crab shell powder is obtained.

[0011] As one embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the fermented straw and fermented green tea is as follows: Select corn stalks and fresh green tea leaves, chop them up and mix them with the solution. Add the inoculum according to the mass ratio, ferment, heat and concentrate into a paste, and then freeze for preservation.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the straw ash is wheat straw ash.

[0013] As one embodiment of the present invention, the sandstone is prepared by the following method: Commercially available sandstone is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve, then added to anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 30 minutes. The ethanol is then dried by stirring at 40-50°C to obtain the sandstone.

[0014] As one embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the igneous rock is as follows: commercially available igneous rock is ground and pulverized and passed through a 500-mesh sieve.

[0015] This invention provides an organic fertilizer comprising the aforementioned dryland red soil conditioner.

[0016] As one embodiment of the present invention, the dryland red soil conditioner is used to treat agricultural soil.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a soil conditioner that can quickly solve pH problems without causing re-acidification; the addition of organic materials and biochar can also improve salinization and obtain a better soil aggregate structure with a higher fractal cone number; at the same time, it does not cause soil moisture loss and increases the activity of enzymes. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] This invention provides a soil conditioner for dryland red soil. The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: 15 parts limestone rock powder, 8 parts biochar, 22 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts crab shell powder, 12 parts cow dung, 15 parts fermented straw, 17 parts fermented green tea leaves, 6 parts straw ash, 4 parts sandstone, and 13 parts igneous rock.

[0020] The processing method for the crab shell powder is as follows: S01 The purchased crab shell powder and 6% hydrochloric acid were mixed and stirred at a ratio of 1:25 (g / mL) for 3 hours. The precipitate was then filtered and washed with deionized water until the pH value was neutral. S02 The precipitate obtained in step S01 is mixed with 6% sodium hydroxide solution and reacted at 90°C for 3 hours. After filtration and washing, the treated crab shell powder is obtained.

[0021] The preparation methods for the fermented straw and fermented green tea are as follows: Corn stalks and fresh green tea leaves were selected, chopped and mixed, and then 2 wt% sucrose aqueous solution was added in equal parts. Candida utilis was added at 3 wt%, fermented at 30°C for 6 days, and then heated and concentrated into a paste, which was then frozen for storage.

[0022] The sandstone is prepared as follows: Commercially available sandstone is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve, then added to anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 30 minutes. The ethanol is then dried by stirring at 40-50°C to obtain the sandstone.

[0023] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1 This embodiment provides a soil conditioner for dryland red soil. The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: 15 parts limestone rock powder, 8 parts biochar, 22 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts crab shell powder, 12 parts cow dung, 15 parts fermented straw, 17 parts fermented green tea leaves, 6 parts straw ash, 4 parts sandstone, and 13 parts igneous rock.

[0025] In this embodiment, the biomass carbon is obtained by crushing plant branches and stems, pyrolyzing them in a pyrolysis furnace at 550°C for 2 hours, and then pulverizing and sieving them.

[0026] The processing method for the crab shell powder is as follows: S01 The purchased crab shell powder and 6% hydrochloric acid were mixed and stirred at a ratio of 1:25 (g / mL) for 3 hours. The precipitate was then filtered and washed with deionized water until the pH value was neutral. S02 The precipitate obtained in step S01 is mixed with an equal mass of 6% sodium hydroxide solution and reacted at 90°C for 3 hours. After filtration and washing, the treated crab shell powder is obtained.

[0027] The preparation methods for the fermented straw and fermented green tea are as follows: Corn stalks and fresh green tea leaves were selected, chopped and mixed, and then 2 wt% sucrose aqueous solution was added in equal parts. Candida utilis was added at 3 wt%, fermented at 30°C for 6 days, and then heated and concentrated into a paste, which was then frozen for storage.

[0028] The sandstone is prepared as follows: Commercially available sandstone is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve, then added to anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 30 minutes. The ethanol is then dried by stirring at 40-50°C to obtain the sandstone.

[0029] Example 2 This embodiment provides a soil conditioner for dryland red soil. The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: 15 parts limestone rock powder, 8 parts biochar, 22 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts crab shell powder, 12 parts cow dung, 15 parts fermented straw, 17 parts fermented green tea leaves, 6 parts straw ash, 4 parts sandstone, and 13 parts igneous rock.

[0030] In this embodiment, the biomass carbon is obtained by crushing plant branches and stems, pyrolyzing them in a pyrolysis furnace at 550°C for 2 hours, and then pulverizing and sieving them.

[0031] The preparation methods for the fermented straw and fermented green tea are as follows: Corn stalks and fresh green tea leaves were selected, chopped and mixed, and then 2 wt% sucrose aqueous solution was added in equal parts. Candida utilis was added at 3 wt%, fermented at 30°C for 6 days, and then heated and concentrated into a paste, which was then frozen for storage.

[0032] The sandstone is prepared as follows: Commercially available sandstone is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve, then added to anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 30 minutes. The ethanol is then dried by stirring at 40-50°C to obtain the sandstone.

[0033] Example 3 This embodiment provides a soil conditioner for dryland red soil. The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: 15 parts limestone rock powder, 8 parts biochar, 22 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts crab shell powder, 12 parts cow dung, 6 parts straw ash, 4 parts sandstone, and 13 parts igneous rock.

[0034] In this embodiment, the biomass carbon is obtained by crushing plant branches and stems, pyrolyzing them in a pyrolysis furnace at 550°C for 2 hours, and then pulverizing and sieving them.

[0035] The processing method for the crab shell powder is as follows: S01 The purchased crab shell powder and 6% hydrochloric acid were mixed and stirred at a ratio of 1:25 (g / mL) for 3 hours. The precipitate was then filtered and washed with deionized water until the pH value was neutral. S02 The precipitate obtained in step S01 is mixed with an equal mass of 6% sodium hydroxide solution and reacted at 90°C for 3 hours. After filtration and washing, the treated crab shell powder is obtained.

[0036] The sandstone is prepared as follows: Commercially available sandstone is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve, then added to anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 30 minutes. The ethanol is then dried by stirring at 40-50°C to obtain the sandstone.

[0037] Example 4 This embodiment provides a soil conditioner for dryland red soil. The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: 15 parts limestone rock powder, 8 parts biochar, 22 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts crab shell powder, 12 parts cow dung, 15 parts fermented straw, 17 parts fermented green tea leaves, 4 parts sandstone, and 13 parts igneous rock.

[0038] In this embodiment, the biomass carbon is obtained by crushing plant branches and stems, pyrolyzing them in a pyrolysis furnace at 550°C for 2 hours, and then pulverizing and sieving them.

[0039] The processing method for the crab shell powder is as follows: S01 The purchased crab shell powder and 6% hydrochloric acid were mixed and stirred at a ratio of 1:25 (g / mL) for 3 hours. The precipitate was then filtered and washed with deionized water until the pH value was neutral. S02 The precipitate obtained in step S01 is mixed with an equal mass of 6% sodium hydroxide solution and reacted at 90°C for 3 hours. After filtration and washing, the treated crab shell powder is obtained.

[0040] The preparation methods for the fermented straw and fermented green tea are as follows: Corn stalks and fresh green tea leaves were selected, chopped and mixed, and then 2 wt% sucrose aqueous solution was added in equal parts. Candida utilis was added at 3 wt%, fermented at 30°C for 6 days, and then heated and concentrated into a paste, which was then frozen for storage.

[0041] The sandstone is prepared as follows: Commercially available sandstone is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve, then added to anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 30 minutes. The ethanol is then dried by stirring at 40-50°C to obtain the sandstone.

[0042] Example 5 This embodiment provides a soil conditioner for dryland red soil. The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: 15 parts limestone rock powder, 8 parts biochar, 22 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts crab shell powder, 12 parts cow dung, 15 parts fermented straw, 17 parts fermented green tea leaves, 6 parts straw ash, 4 parts sandstone, and 13 parts igneous rock.

[0043] In this embodiment, the biomass carbon is obtained by crushing plant branches and stems, pyrolyzing them in a pyrolysis furnace at 550°C for 2 hours, and then pulverizing and sieving them.

[0044] The processing method for the crab shell powder is as follows: S01 The purchased crab shell powder and 6% hydrochloric acid were mixed and stirred at a ratio of 1:25 (g / mL) for 3 hours. The precipitate was then filtered and washed with deionized water until the pH value was neutral. S02 The precipitate obtained in step S01 is mixed with an equal mass of 6% sodium hydroxide solution and reacted at 90°C for 3 hours. After filtration and washing, the treated crab shell powder is obtained.

[0045] The preparation methods for the fermented straw and fermented green tea are as follows: Wheat straw and fresh green tea leaves were selected, chopped and mixed, and then 2 wt% sucrose aqueous solution was added in equal parts. Candida utilis was added at 3 wt%, fermented at 30°C for 6 days, and then heated and concentrated into a paste, which was then frozen for storage.

[0046] The sandstone is prepared as follows: Commercially available sandstone is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve, then added to anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 30 minutes. The ethanol is then dried by stirring at 40-50°C to obtain the sandstone.

[0047] Example 6 This embodiment provides a soil conditioner for dryland red soil. The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: 15 parts limestone rock powder, 8 parts biochar, 22 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts crab shell powder, 12 parts cow dung, 15 parts fermented straw, 17 parts fermented green tea leaves, 6 parts straw ash, and 4 parts sandstone.

[0048] In this embodiment, the biomass carbon is obtained by crushing plant branches and stems, pyrolyzing them in a pyrolysis furnace at 550°C for 2 hours, and then pulverizing and sieving them.

[0049] The processing method for the crab shell powder is as follows: S01 The purchased crab shell powder and 6% hydrochloric acid were mixed and stirred at a ratio of 1:25 (g / mL) for 3 hours. The precipitate was then filtered and washed with deionized water until the pH value was neutral. S02 The precipitate obtained in step S01 is mixed with an equal mass of 6% sodium hydroxide solution and reacted at 90°C for 3 hours. After filtration and washing, the treated crab shell powder is obtained.

[0050] The preparation methods for the fermented straw and fermented green tea are as follows: Corn stalks and fresh green tea leaves were selected, chopped and mixed, and then 2 wt% sucrose aqueous solution was added in equal parts. Candida utilis was added at 3 wt%, fermented at 30°C for 6 days, and then heated and concentrated into a paste, which was then frozen for storage.

[0051] The sandstone is prepared as follows: Commercially available sandstone is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve, then added to anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 30 minutes. The ethanol is then dried by stirring at 40-50°C to obtain the sandstone.

[0052] Example 7 This embodiment provides a soil conditioner for dryland red soil. The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: 15 parts limestone powder, 8 parts biochar, 22 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts crab shell powder, 12 parts cow dung, 15 parts straw powder, 17 parts green tea powder, 6 parts straw ash, 4 parts sandstone, and 13 parts igneous rock.

[0053] In this embodiment, the biomass carbon is obtained by crushing plant branches and stems, pyrolyzing them in a pyrolysis furnace at 550°C for 2 hours, and then pulverizing and sieving them.

[0054] The processing method for the crab shell powder is as follows: S01 The purchased crab shell powder and 6% hydrochloric acid were mixed and stirred at a ratio of 1:25 (g / mL) for 3 hours. The precipitate was then filtered and washed with deionized water until the pH value was neutral. S02 The precipitate obtained in step S01 is mixed with an equal mass of 6% sodium hydroxide solution and reacted at 90°C for 3 hours. After filtration and washing, the treated crab shell powder is obtained.

[0055] The sandstone is prepared as follows: Commercially available sandstone is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve, then added to anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 30 minutes. The ethanol is then dried by stirring at 40-50°C to obtain the sandstone.

[0056] Performance testing Experimental location: Experimental base of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinxian County, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province.

[0057] Planting method: rapeseed-peanut model.

[0058] The test crop was peanut, specifically the variety Ganhua No. 5.

[0059] Test materials: Compositions of Examples 1-7.

[0060] Basic properties of the tested soil: The experiment was conducted on medium-fertility fields. The basic properties of the soil tested before the experiment are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1. Basic properties of the tested soil (0-20cm) before the experiment.

[0062] The experiment consisted of 7 treatments, with each treatment replicated 3 times, and each plot was 40 m² in size. 2 A control group (CK) was set up. The annual fertilizer application rates for each treatment were as follows: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P₂O₅), and potassium (K₂O) were 220, 140, and 231 kg / hm², respectively. 2 Nitrogen fertilizer is urea, phosphorus fertilizer is calcium magnesium phosphate, and potassium fertilizer is potassium chloride.

[0063] Nitrate nitrogen in soil was determined using flow injection analysis, while other soil physicochemical indicators were analyzed using conventional methods. pH was determined using a pH meter, organic carbon using the potassium dichromate titration method, available potassium using the 1.0 mol / L NH4OAc-flame photometer method, and available phosphorus using the O5sen method. Specific results are shown in Table 2, with the control (CK) value as a reference to observe the percentage increase.

[0064] Table 2 Basic Soil Properties After Application

[0065] Soil porosity after application is shown in Table 3. Test method: Soil porosity was determined using the ring sampler method. The calculation formula is as follows: Total soil porosity = [1 - (bulk density / specific gravity)] × 100%, where the soil specific gravity is 2.65 g / cm³.3 Water was used as the control group.

[0066] Table 3 Test results of total porosity

[0067] Soil urease activity was measured using the sodium phenolate colorimetric method; catalase activity was measured using the potassium permanganate titration method; phosphomonoesterase activity was measured using the p-nitrophenyl phosphate method; and sucrase activity was measured using the salicylic acid colorimetric method. The values ​​in Table 4 use the CK value as a reference to view the percentage increase.

[0068] Table 4. Results of enzyme activity tests

[0069] This invention uses a combination of different organic materials and processes them in various ways to further restore soil organic matter. The use of straw and manure increases the polysaccharide and fatty carbon content in the soil organic matter; and fermentation further enhances the production of oxygen-containing functional groups. However, the increased porous structure of these materials leads to some water loss and adsorption of microorganisms. Therefore, this invention employs fermentation to increase the connectivity between soil components and provide more nutrients for microorganisms.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for dryland red soil, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: limestone powder, biochar, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, humic acid, crab shell powder, cow dung, fermented straw, fermented green tea leaves, straw ash, sandstone, and igneous rock.

2. The soil conditioner for dryland red soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner, by weight, include: 10-20 parts limestone powder, 5-15 parts biochar, 20-30 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5-10 parts humic acid, 5-10 parts crab shell powder, 10-20 parts cow dung, 10-20 parts fermented straw, 5-20 parts fermented green tea leaves, 1-10 parts straw ash, 1-10 parts sandstone, and 5-20 parts igneous rock.

3. The soil conditioner for dryland red soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner, by weight, include: 15 parts limestone powder, 8 parts biochar, 22 parts calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 6 parts humic acid, 8 parts crab shell powder, 12 parts cow dung, 15 parts fermented straw, 17 parts fermented green tea leaves, 6 parts straw ash, 4 parts sandstone, and 13 parts igneous rock.

4. The soil conditioner for dryland red soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The processing method for the crab shell powder is as follows: S01 The purchased crab shell powder and 6% hydrochloric acid were mixed and stirred at a ratio of 1:25 (g / mL) for 3 hours. The precipitate was then filtered and washed with deionized water until the pH value was neutral. S02 The precipitate obtained in step S01 is mixed with an alkaline solution and reacted at 90°C for 3 hours. After filtration and washing, the processed crab shell powder is obtained.

5. The soil conditioner for dryland red soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The preparation methods for the fermented straw and fermented green tea are as follows: Select corn stalks and fresh green tea leaves, chop them up and mix them with the solution. Add the inoculum according to the mass ratio, ferment, heat and concentrate into a paste, and then freeze for preservation.

6. The soil conditioner for dryland red soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The straw ash is wheat straw ash.

7. The soil conditioner for dryland red soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The sandstone is prepared as follows: Commercially available sandstone is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve, then added to anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 30 minutes. The ethanol is then dried by stirring at 40-50°C to obtain the sandstone.

8. The soil conditioner for dryland red soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The preparation method of the igneous rock is as follows: commercially available igneous rock is ground and pulverized through a 500-mesh sieve.

9. An organic fertilizer, characterized in that, It includes the dryland red soil conditioner as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The soil conditioner for dryland red soil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Used to improve agricultural soil.

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