Semi-steel converter slag parameter calculation method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a method for calculating slag-remaining parameters of a semi-steel smelting converter, which comprises the following steps: measuring the slag-remaining weight under different slag-discharging angles of a preset number of furnaces; determining a critical angle for starting slag discharge; establishing a slag-remaining weight calculation model, wherein W 留渣 is the slag-remaining weight, α 有效 is an effective slag-discharging angle and is the maximum value between the critical angle and the maximum angle after slag discharge is completed; determining the values of a, b and c based on the least square method by using the slag-remaining weight of the preset number of furnaces and the effective slag-discharging angle; and substituting the obtained values of a, b and c into the slag-remaining weight calculation model to obtain a high-precision slag-remaining weight calculation formula. The method can quickly and real-timely output the slag-remaining parameters, improve the precision of heat balance calculation, stabilize end-point control and reduce production cost. The semi-steel smelting converter slag-remaining parameter calculation device, equipment and storage medium disclosed by the application have the same advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metallurgical control technology, and in particular relates to a method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for calculating slag retention parameters in semi-steelmaking converters. Background Technology

[0002] Semi-steel converter steelmaking is the core process in the vanadium-titanium magnetite smelting process. A complete steelmaking cycle in a semi-steel converter includes: adding scrap steel, adding iron, blowing, slag discharge, tapping steel, and slag splashing. During the slag discharge stage, the converter tilts forward, with the corresponding tilt angle α continuously increasing. When α increases to a critical value α... 临界 At this time, slag begins to flow continuously into the slag pot from the furnace. When the slag discharge is finished, α is at the position of maximum tilting angle, denoted as α. max The raw material used in this process is low-silicon semi-steel after vanadium extraction (Si≤0.02%). Compared with ordinary iron molten steelmaking, semi-steel has almost no silicon oxidation exothermic reaction, slow slag formation rate and poor dephosphorization kinetics, resulting in a slag-forming auxiliary material consumption that is about 20% higher than that of ordinary converters. This not only increases the cost of auxiliary materials, but also increases the TFe content of the final slag, thus increasing the consumption of steel materials.

[0003] Therefore, semi-steelmaking generally adopts the slag-retaining smelting process, which involves tilting the furnace to discharge slag before tapping and retaining some slag for the next heat. This can accelerate slag formation, improve dephosphorization efficiency, and reduce lime consumption. Under such circumstances, the weight and temperature of the retained slag are key input parameters for the converter's material and heat balance. The weight of the retained slag directly affects the total amount of slag, basicity, and oxidizing properties, while the temperature of the retained slag directly affects the heating efficiency, slag formation rate, and the accuracy of the predicted final temperature for the next heat.

[0004] The existing technology has the following problems: First, it is impossible to obtain the weight of the slag online, and it relies on manual estimation or static assumptions, with an error of up to 30% to 50%. Second, it is impossible to calculate the temperature of the slag, and it usually uses fixed empirical values, which deviate from the actual situation by as much as 50 to 100°C. Moreover, it has not established a quantitative relationship between the tilting angle and the weight of the slag, and has not coupled key factors such as the endpoint temperature, the amount of nitrogen gas splashed, and the waiting time. For example, there is a current method and system for precise control of converter slag retention. This method requires calculating the slag weight based on many factors, such as the amount of auxiliary materials added during the blowing process and the weighing data of the slag pot trolley. The calculation process is relatively complex, and the slag pot trolley scales in actual production are often damaged by the high-temperature slag released due to the harsh service environment, resulting in poor equipment stability. Therefore, this method is difficult to achieve stable online continuous calculation and determination of slag weight. There is also a converter slag retention calculation method based on intelligent slag analysis and three-dimensional model. This method uses a fixed three-dimensional model to fit the slag morphology and determines the slag weight accordingly. However, the semi-steel converter site has characteristics such as high temperature, high dust, and strong flue gas. The three-dimensional vision equipment cannot reliably obtain a clear slag outline and boundary. Imaging distortion directly causes the slag retention recognition deviation, and the calculation results are unreliable. At the same time, the image acquisition is intermittent and cannot dynamically update parameters along with the entire slag release process. Errors continue to accumulate, and ultimately the accuracy of the slag retention calculation cannot meet the online control requirements of converter material balance and heat balance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter. This method enables rapid, real-time output of slag retention parameters, improves the accuracy of heat balance calculations, stabilizes endpoint control, reduces auxiliary material consumption, and enhances robustness. Consequently, it improves the level of the semi-steelmaking model and reduces production costs.

[0006] The method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter provided by this invention includes:

[0007] Measure the weight of slag retained under different slag discharge angles for a preset number of furnaces;

[0008] Determine the critical angle at which slag discharge begins;

[0009] Establish a model for calculating the weight of slag residue: Among them, W 留渣 For the weight of the residue, α 有效 The effective slag discharge angle is the maximum value of the critical angle and the maximum angle after slag discharge is completed.

[0010] Using the slag weight of the preset number of furnaces and the effective slag discharge angle, the values ​​of a, b, and c are determined based on the least squares method;

[0011] Substituting the obtained values ​​of a, b, and c into the slag weight calculation model, a high-precision slag weight calculation formula is obtained.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for calculating the slag retention parameters of a semi-steelmaking converter, the measurement of the slag retention weight under different slag discharge angles for a preset number of heats includes:

[0013] Continuously record the tilting angle during the forward tilting process of the converter, and record the critical angle α at which the slag begins to flow out into the slag pot. 临界-i And the maximum angle α at the end of slag discharge. max-i ;

[0014] Weigh the slag pot W after slag discharge. 渣轻-i ;

[0015] After tapping from the converter, tilt the converter forward to 180° and pour all the remaining slag into the slag pot. Weigh the slag pot at this point, W. 渣重-i ;

[0016] Using formula W 留渣-i =W 渣重-i -W 渣轻-i Calculate the weight of slag remaining in the furnace after slag discharge.

[0017] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter, the critical angle for determining the start of slag discharge is:

[0018] use Determine the critical angle at which slag discharge begins, where N is the preset furnace number, i is the furnace number, i=1,2,...,N, and α 临界-i The critical angle at which the slag of the i-th furnace begins to flow outward is denoted as .

[0019] Preferably, the above-mentioned method for calculating the slag retention parameters of the converter in semi-steelmaking further includes:

[0020] The slag temperature data for the preset number of heats is measured, including the TSO temperature before tapping. 出钢-i Nitrogen blowing rate V during slag splashing furnace protection 氮气-i The waiting time t from the end of slag splashing to the start of iron mixing. 等待-i ;

[0021] Measure the temperature T of the slag remaining in the furnace before the start of iron charging. 留渣-i ;

[0022] Obtain the slag weight W for each of the preset number of furnaces. 留渣-i Establish a calculation model for slag retention temperature: ;

[0023] Using the slag temperature data of the preset number of furnaces, the values ​​of d, e, and f are determined based on the least squares method;

[0024] Substituting the obtained values ​​of d, e, and f into the slag retention temperature calculation model yields a high-precision slag retention temperature calculation formula.

[0025] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter, after obtaining the high-precision slag retention temperature calculation formula, the method further includes:

[0026] The temperature T of the previous batch of TSO 出钢 Nitrogen volume V during slag splashing furnace protection 氮气 , Residue weight W 留渣 And the waiting time t from the end of slag splashing to the start of iron mixing. 等待 Substituting into the high-precision slag retention temperature calculation formula, the slag retention temperature T is obtained. 留渣 .

[0027] Preferably, in the above method for calculating the slag retention parameters of the converter in semi-steelmaking, the preset number of heats is not less than 1000 heats.

[0028] Preferably, in the above-mentioned method for calculating the slag retention parameters of the converter in semi-steelmaking, the temperature T of the slag retention in the furnace before the start of iron charging is measured using an infrared thermometer. 留渣-i .

[0029] The device for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter provided by this invention includes:

[0030] The slag weight measurement unit is used to measure the slag weight under different slag discharge angles for a preset number of furnaces;

[0031] The critical angle determination unit is used to determine the critical angle at which slag discharge can begin.

[0032] The model building unit is used to build a model for calculating the weight of slag residue. Among them, W 留渣 For the weight of the residue, α 有效 The effective slag discharge angle is the maximum value of the critical angle and the maximum angle after slag discharge is completed.

[0033] The numerical determination unit is used to determine the values ​​of a, b, and c based on the least squares method using the slag weight of the preset number of furnaces and the effective slag discharge angle.

[0034] The calculation formula determination unit is used to substitute the obtained values ​​of a, b, and c into the slag weight calculation model to obtain a high-precision slag weight calculation formula.

[0035] The device for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter provided by this invention includes:

[0036] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0037] A processor, used to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter as described in any of the above.

[0038] The computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter as described in any of the above claims.

[0039] As described above, the method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter provided by this invention includes: measuring the slag retention weight at different slag discharge angles for a preset number of heats; determining the critical angle for starting slag discharge; and establishing a slag retention weight calculation model. Among them, W 留渣 For the weight of the residue, α 有效 The effective slag discharge angle is the maximum value between the critical angle and the maximum angle after slag discharge. Using the slag weight of the preset number of furnaces and the effective slag discharge angle, the values ​​of a, b, and c are determined based on the least squares method. Substituting the obtained values ​​of a, b, and c into the slag weight calculation model yields a high-precision slag weight calculation formula. Therefore, it can quickly and in real-time output slag parameters, improve the accuracy of heat balance calculation, stabilize endpoint control, reduce auxiliary material consumption, and enhance robustness, thereby improving the level of the semi-steelmaking model and reducing production costs. The above-mentioned semi-steelmaking converter slag parameter calculation device, equipment, and storage medium provided by this invention have the same advantages as the above method. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the slag retention parameter calculation device for semi-steelmaking converters provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the slag retention parameter calculation device for semi-steelmaking converters provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The core of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter. This method can quickly and in real-time output slag retention parameters, improve the accuracy of heat balance calculations, stabilize endpoint control, reduce auxiliary material consumption, and enhance robustness. As a result, it can improve the level of the semi-steelmaking model and reduce production costs.

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] An example of the implementation of the method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter provided by this invention. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter provided by the present invention. The method may include the following steps:

[0047] S1: Measure the weight of slag retained under different slag discharge angles for a preset number of furnaces;

[0048] Specifically, this step may include: continuously recording the tilting angle during the forward tilting process of the converter, and recording the critical angle α at which the slag begins to flow out into the slag pot. 临界-i And the maximum angle α at the end of slag discharge. max-i Weigh the slag pot W after slag discharge. 渣轻-i After tapping from the converter, tilt the converter forward to 180° and pour all the remaining slag into the slag pot. Weigh the slag pot at this point, W. 渣重-i Using formula W 留渣-i =W 渣重-i -W 渣轻-i Calculate the weight of slag remaining in the furnace after slag discharge. This can be achieved using a crane scale to weigh the slag pot. This step relies on the converter tilting control system to collect real-time tilting angle data throughout the entire converter tilting and slag discharge process, recording the critical angle α corresponding to the initial flow of slag into the slag pot during the converter tilting process for each furnace. 临界-i The maximum tilting angle α corresponding to the end time of the slag discharge process max-i The on-site overhead crane scale was used to complete two weighing operations for the slag bins. After the slag was discharged, the weight of the empty bin with residual slag was measured and recorded as W. 渣轻-i After the furnace has finished tapping steel, the converter is tilted forward to 180° so that all the remaining slag in the furnace is poured into the aforementioned slag pot. The total weight W of the slag pot is then weighed again using a crane scale. 渣重-i According to the relation W 留渣-i =W 渣重-i -W 渣轻-iThe actual slag weight of each furnace is calculated, and the angle parameters and corresponding measured slag weights of each furnace are summarized. Invalid furnace data due to tilting failures, weighing anomalies, or slag discharge operation errors are removed to form the basic measured dataset used for subsequent modeling. Furthermore, the preset number of furnaces is preferably not less than 1000.

[0049] S2: Determine the critical angle at which slag discharge begins;

[0050] Specifically, it can be used Determine the critical angle at which slag discharge begins, where N is the preset number of furnaces, i is the furnace number, i=1,2,.,N, and α 临界-i Let α be the critical angle at which slag begins to flow out of the ith furnace. Based on the tilting angle and actual slag flow data collected in step S1 for each furnace, the tilting angle corresponding to the moment when slag just overflows from the furnace opening and flows into the slag pot under single-furnace operating conditions is screened for each furnace. The α obtained from multiple furnace measurements is then used to... 临界-i By summarizing and statistically analyzing the data, and removing abnormal critical angle data caused by tilting mechanism jamming, abnormal furnace conditions, and abnormal slag flow due to furnace mouth nodules, the unified critical angle for starting slag discharge in the converter under this smelting condition was finally determined by averaging the effective sample data. This provides a benchmark parameter for defining the effective slag discharge angle in the future.

[0051] S3: Establish a model for calculating the weight of slag residue: Among them, W 留渣 For the weight of the residue, α 有效 It is the effective slag discharge angle and is the maximum value between the critical angle and the maximum angle after slag discharge is completed;

[0052] Specifically, based on the aforementioned determined critical slag discharge angle and the measured maximum slag discharge angle of each furnace, a slag weight calculation model was built by combining the slag formation mechanism of the semi-steel converter and the variation law of on-site measured data. In the model, W 留渣 Represents the weight of remaining slag in the furnace, variable α 有效 As the core input parameters of the model, this completes the framework construction of the theoretical calculation model for slag retention, providing a calculation formula carrier for subsequent fitting of model coefficients using measured samples.

[0053] S4: Using the slag weight and effective slag discharge angle of the preset number of furnaces, determine the values ​​of a, b and c based on the least squares method;

[0054] Specifically, the measured slag weights and corresponding calculated effective slag discharge angles from each of the aforementioned preset furnace batches are used as sample datasets and substituted into the slag weight calculation model built in S3. The least squares method is used to fit and solve the undetermined coefficients a, b, and c in the model. The coefficient values ​​are continuously optimized through algorithm iteration to minimize the overall residual between the model calculation value and the measured slag weight on site. Finally, the specific values ​​of coefficients a, b, and c that are suitable for the on-site production conditions are obtained, and the parameter calibration of the calculation model is completed.

[0055] S5: Substitute the obtained values ​​of a, b, and c into the slag weight calculation model to obtain a high-precision slag weight calculation formula.

[0056] Specifically, the values ​​of coefficients a, b, and c obtained through least squares fitting optimization are substituted into the pre-built slag weight calculation model in S3, replacing the corresponding undetermined coefficients in the model and solidifying the model formula. This forms a high-precision slag weight calculation formula that is adapted to the on-site converter slag discharge conditions and can be used directly online. In subsequent on-site production, only the relevant angle parameters of slag discharge need to be collected and substituted into this formula to quickly and accurately calculate the actual slag weight in the furnace, realizing the quantitative and accurate calculation of converter slag parameters.

[0057] As described above, the embodiments of the method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter provided by the present invention include: measuring the slag retention weight at different slag discharge angles for a preset number of heats; determining the critical angle for starting slag discharge; and establishing a slag retention weight calculation model. Among them, W 留渣 For the weight of the residue, α 有效 The effective slag discharge angle is the maximum value between the critical angle and the maximum angle after slag discharge. Using the slag weight of the preset number of furnaces and the effective slag discharge angle, the values ​​of a, b, and c are determined based on the least squares method. The obtained values ​​of a, b, and c are substituted into the slag weight calculation model to obtain a high-precision slag weight calculation formula. Therefore, the slag weight parameters can be output quickly and in real time, improving the accuracy of heat balance calculation, stabilizing endpoint control, reducing auxiliary material consumption, and enhancing robustness. This can improve the level of the semi-steelmaking model and reduce production costs.

[0058] In a specific embodiment of the above-mentioned method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter, the following steps may also be included:

[0059] Measure the slag temperature data for a preset number of heats, including the TSO temperature before tapping. 出钢-i Nitrogen blowing rate V during slag splashing furnace protection 氮气-i The waiting time t from the end of slag splashing to the start of iron mixing. 等待-i ;

[0060] Measure the temperature T of the slag remaining in the furnace before the start of iron charging. 留渣-iPreferably, the temperature T of the slag remaining in the furnace before the start of ferrous iron charging is measured using an infrared thermometer. 留渣-i ;

[0061] Obtain the slag weight W for each of the preset number of furnaces. 留渣-i Establish a calculation model for slag retention temperature: ;

[0062] Using slag temperature data from a preset number of furnaces, the values ​​of d, e, and f are determined based on the least squares method.

[0063] Substituting the obtained values ​​of d, e, and f into the slag retention temperature calculation model, a high-precision slag retention temperature calculation formula is obtained.

[0064] Specifically, TSO refers to the temperature sampled by the auxiliary lance before tapping. In this scheme for accurately modeling and calculating the slag temperature in the converter, the same preset number of production heats as the aforementioned slag weight model is first selected as the source of sample data. The slag temperature and process-related parameters corresponding to the entire semi-steelmaking process are collected for each heat, specifically including the slag tapping temperature T at the TSO time corresponding to the end of each heat's tapping. 出钢-i The cumulative nitrogen blowing volume V throughout the entire slag splashing and furnace protection process 氮气-i The waiting time t between the end of the slag splashing process and the start of the next iron charging process. 等待-i Meanwhile, before the formal start of each blast furnace slag charging process, an infrared thermometer is used to conduct close-range and precise temperature measurement of the slag remaining in the converter, obtaining the real-time temperature T of the slag remaining in the furnace for each blast furnace. 留渣-i Infrared thermometers enable non-contact, rapid temperature measurement, effectively mitigating the risks associated with high-temperature furnace operations while ensuring the real-time accuracy of slag retention temperature data acquisition. After collecting all preset furnace temperatures and related process parameters, invalid sample data, such as abnormal temperature measurements, nitrogen blowing metering failures, incorrect process waiting time records, and abnormal furnace condition fluctuations, are eliminated. Based on the actual mechanisms of slag heat dissipation, nitrogen purging cooling, and idle furnace temperature drop, a slag retention temperature calculation model adapted to converter production conditions is constructed. Subsequently, the selected valid sample data, namely the tapping temperature, slag splashing nitrogen blowing amount, process waiting time, and measured slag retention temperature data corresponding to each furnace, are uniformly substituted into the slag retention temperature calculation model. The least squares method is used to iteratively fit and solve the undetermined coefficients d, e, and f within the model. By minimizing the overall residual between the model's calculated value and the actual measured slag retention temperature on site, the optimal coefficients adapted to the on-site production conditions are accurately calibrated. Finally, the determined coefficients d, e, and f obtained from the fitting solution are substituted into the pre-constructed slag retention temperature calculation model to replace the undetermined parameters in the model, thus completing the model parameter solidification. Ultimately, a slag retention temperature calculation formula with higher calculation accuracy is obtained that is more suitable for the production conditions of the semi-steelmaking converter. This enables the quantitative and accurate calculation of the slag retention temperature in the converter, providing reliable temperature data support for the overall precise control of the converter slag retention process parameters and the stabilization of steelmaking production conditions.

[0065] In another specific embodiment of the above-mentioned method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter, after obtaining the high-precision formula for calculating slag retention temperature, the following steps may also be included:

[0066] The temperature T of the previous batch of TSO 出钢 Nitrogen volume V during slag splashing furnace protection 氮气 , Residue weight W 留渣 And the waiting time t from the end of slag splashing to the start of iron mixing. 等待 Substituting into the high-precision formula for calculating slag retention temperature, we obtain the slag retention temperature T. 留渣 .

[0067] Specifically, this step involves collecting real-time process parameters during the single-furnace smelting process, including the slag tapping temperature T at the TSO time of the previous heat's tapping endpoint. 出钢 The total nitrogen blowing volume V throughout the slag splashing and furnace protection process 氮气 The actual slag weight W in the furnace obtained by the aforementioned high-precision slag weight calculation formula. 留渣 And the actual waiting time t from the end of the slag splashing process to the start of the iron charging process in this furnace. 等待 Substitute all the real-time process parameters obtained from the above collection and calculation into the solidified high-precision slag retention temperature calculation formula, and quickly and accurately solve for the actual slag retention temperature T in the furnace before the current heat is added. 留渣 As can be seen, this embodiment relies on a high-precision calculation model that has been pre-built, and can accurately calculate the slag retention temperature without relying on infrared temperature measurement equipment. This avoids the problems of large errors, high operational risks, and detection lag that exist in manual temperature measurement under high-temperature conditions. It can match the continuous production rhythm of the semi-steelmaking converter in real time, and provide real-time and reliable temperature parameter basis for the optimization of converter slag retention process and the precise control of smelting temperature system.

[0068] Examples of implementation of the slag retention parameter calculation device for semi-steelmaking converters provided by the present invention Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the slag retention parameter calculation device for semi-steelmaking converters provided by the present invention. The device may include:

[0069] The slag weight measurement unit 201 is used to measure the slag weight at different slag discharge angles for a preset number of furnaces. Specifically, it can continuously record the tilting angle during the forward tilting process of the converter and record the critical angle α at which the slag begins to flow outward and enter the slag pot. 临界-i And the maximum angle α at the end of slag discharge. max-i Weigh the slag pot W after slag discharge. 渣轻-i After tapping from the converter, tilt the converter forward to 180° and pour all the remaining slag into the slag pot. Weigh the slag pot at this point, W. 渣重-iUsing formula W 留渣-i =W 渣重-i -W 渣轻-i Calculate the weight of slag remaining in the furnace after slag discharge. This can be achieved by using a crane scale to weigh the slag pot. Real-time data on the tilting angle of the converter during the entire slag discharge process is collected using the converter tilting control system. The critical angle α corresponding to the initial flow of slag into the slag pot during the converter tilting process is recorded for each furnace. 临界-i The maximum tilting angle α corresponding to the end time of the slag discharge process max-i The on-site overhead crane scale was used to complete two weighing operations for the slag bins. After the slag was discharged, the weight of the empty bin with residual slag was measured and recorded as W. 渣轻-i After the furnace has finished tapping steel, the converter is tilted forward to 180° so that all the remaining slag in the furnace is poured into the aforementioned slag pot. The total weight W of the slag pot is then weighed again using a crane scale. 渣重-i According to the relation W 留渣-i =W 渣重-i -W 渣轻-i The actual slag weight of a single furnace is calculated for each furnace. The angle parameters of each furnace and the corresponding measured slag weight are summarized. Invalid furnace data with tilting failure, weighing abnormality, and slag discharge operation error are eliminated to form the basic measured dataset used for subsequent modeling. Furthermore, the preset number of furnaces is preferably not less than 1000.

[0070] Critical angle determination unit 202 is used to determine the critical angle at which slag discharge begins. Specifically, it can utilize... The critical angle for initiating slag discharge is determined, where N is the preset number of furnaces. Based on the collected tilting angles and actual slag outflow data for each furnace, the tilting angle corresponding to the moment when slag just overflows from the furnace mouth and flows into the slag pot under single-furnace operating conditions is screened furnace by furnace. The α angle obtained from multiple furnace measurements is then used to determine the critical angle for initiating slag discharge. 临界-i After summarizing and statistically analyzing the data, abnormal critical angle data caused by tilting mechanism jamming, abnormal furnace conditions, and abnormal slag flow due to furnace mouth nodules were removed. By performing mean statistical processing on the effective sample data, the unified critical angle for starting slag discharge in the converter under this smelting condition was finally determined, providing a benchmark parameter for the subsequent definition of effective slag discharge angle.

[0071] Model building unit 203 is used to build a model for calculating the weight of slag residue: Among them, W 留渣 For the weight of the residue, α 有效 The effective slag discharge angle is the maximum of the critical angle and the maximum angle after slag discharge. Specifically, based on the aforementioned determined critical slag discharge angle and the measured maximum slag discharge angle of each furnace, a slag weight calculation model is built by combining the slag formation mechanism of the semi-steel converter and the variation law of the measured data on site. In the model, W 留渣 Represents the weight of remaining slag in the furnace, variable α 有效As the core input parameters of the model, this completes the framework construction of the theoretical calculation model for slag retention, and provides a calculation formula carrier for fitting the model coefficients using measured samples in the future.

[0072] The numerical determination unit 204 is used to determine the values ​​of a, b, and c based on the least squares method using the slag weight and effective slag discharge angle of the preset number of furnaces. Specifically, the measured slag weight and the corresponding calculated effective slag discharge angle of each preset furnace are used as sample datasets and substituted into the slag weight calculation model. The least squares method is used to fit and solve the undetermined coefficients a, b, and c in the model. The coefficient values ​​are continuously optimized through algorithm iteration to minimize the overall residual between the model calculation value and the actual measured slag weight. Finally, the specific values ​​of coefficients a, b, and c that are suitable for the on-site production conditions are obtained, and the parameter calibration of the calculation model is completed.

[0073] The calculation formula determination unit 205 is used to substitute the obtained values ​​of a, b, and c into the slag weight calculation model to obtain a high-precision slag weight calculation formula. Specifically, the values ​​of coefficients a, b, and c obtained through least squares fitting optimization are substituted into the pre-constructed slag weight calculation model to replace the corresponding undetermined coefficients in the model, thus solidifying the model formula. This forms a high-precision slag weight calculation formula that is adapted to the on-site converter slag discharge conditions and can be used directly online. In subsequent on-site production, only the relevant angle parameters of slag discharge need to be collected and substituted into this formula to quickly and accurately calculate the actual slag weight in the furnace, realizing the quantitative and accurate calculation of converter slag parameters.

[0074] Example of implementing the slag retention parameter calculation device for semi-steelmaking converters provided by this invention Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the slag retention parameter calculation device for semi-steelmaking converters provided by the present invention. The device may include:

[0075] Memory 301 is used to store computer programs;

[0076] Processor 302 is used to execute computer programs to implement the steps of the calculation method for slag retention parameters of the semi-steelmaking converter as described above.

[0077] In an embodiment of the computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention, a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for calculating the slag retention parameters of the semi-steelmaking converter as described in any of the above claims.

[0078] The above scheme will be explained in detail below using a specific example of producing heavy rail steel in a 120-ton semi-steelmaking converter:

[0079] (I) Establishment of the Calculation Model for Residue Weight:

[0080] (1) Measure the weight of slag left in 1500 furnaces at different slag discharge angles:

[0081] Taking furnace i as an example, the specific measurement steps include:

[0082] (1.1) The tilting angle α was continuously recorded during the forward tilting process of the converter. -i (Unit: °), record the angle α at which the slag begins to flow out and into the slag pot. 临界-i (Unit: °), Angle α at the end of slag discharge max-i (Unit: °);

[0083] (1.2) After the slag discharge is completed, the weight W of the slag pot after slag discharge is measured using an overhead crane scale. 渣轻-i (Unit: tons);

[0084] (1.3) After the converter tapping is completed, tilt it forward to 180° and pour all the slag remaining in the furnace into the slag pot. Weigh the slag pot W using the same crane scale as in step (1.2). 渣重-i ;

[0085] (1.4) Calculate the weight W of the slag remaining in the furnace after slag discharge. 留渣-i =W 渣重-i -W 渣轻-i ;

[0086] For N furnaces, repeating steps (1.1) to (1.4) allows for the determination of α for each furnace. 临界-i α max-i W 留渣-i .

[0087] (2) Determine the critical angle α at which slag discharge begins. 临界 :

[0088] .

[0089] (3) Establish the slag weight model:

[0090] The calculation model for the weight of slag residue is as follows:

[0091] ;

[0092] W 留渣 To calculate the slag weight for each heat cycle, the unit is tons; where a, b, and c are parameters to be determined in the formula, which can be based on the α value of 1500 heat cycles measured in step (1.4). max-i W 留渣-i Historical data can be calculated using the least squares method; α 有效 To calculate the effective slag discharge angle for each furnace:

[0093] ;

[0094] This formula means taking α 临界 α max The larger of the two is taken as α 有效 The value of .

[0095] The historical data from 1500 heats used in the model building process is shown in Table 1. Table 1 is a range of historical data related to the slag weight of 1500 heats. Based on this, the undetermined coefficients determined by regression are: α 临界 =120, a = −0.002548, b = 0.6050, c = −26.0667.

[0096] Table 1. Historical Data Range of Slag Residue Weight for 1500 Furnaces

[0097]

[0098] (II) Establishment of the Calculation Model for Slag Retention Temperature:

[0099] (1) Measurement of slag temperature data at 1500°C:

[0100] Taking furnace i as an example, the specific measurement steps include:

[0101] (1.1) Record the temperature T of the TSO before tapping. 出钢-i (Unit: °C), Weight of slag remaining after tapping (W) 留渣-i Nitrogen blowing rate V during slag splashing furnace protection 氮气 (Unit is m) 3 The waiting time t from the end of slag splashing to the start of iron mixing. 等待 (Unit: min). Where W... 留渣 It can be calculated and determined using the method in Part (I) above.

[0102] (1.2) Before the start of molten iron charging, the temperature T of the slag remaining in the furnace is measured using an infrared thermometer. 留渣-i .

[0103] (2) Establish a calculation model for slag retention temperature:

[0104] The calculation model for slag retention temperature is as follows: ;

[0105] In the formula, T 留渣 The slag temperature before molten iron is given, in °C; d, e, and f are parameters to be determined in the formula, which can be based on the measured or calculated N furnace T. 留渣-i T 出钢-i V 氮气-i W 留渣-i t 等待 Historical data can be calculated and determined using the least squares method.

[0106] Table 2 shows the historical data related to the slag retention temperature of 1500 furnaces during the model establishment process:

[0107] Table 2 Historical Data on Slag Retention Temperature of 1500 Furnace

[0108]

[0109] Based on this, the undetermined coefficients determined by regression are as follows: d = 1.15, e = 3.24, and f = 24.2.

[0110] To verify the accuracy of the established calculation models for slag weight and slag temperature, 2000 heats of verification tests were conducted on-site. Based on the test data, the slag weight and slag temperature were calculated and compared with the actual measured results to evaluate the model's accuracy. Table 3 shows the range of measured values ​​for the variables in the 2000 verification heats. Substituting these values ​​into the established slag weight and slag temperature calculation models, the calculated weight and temperature for each verification heat were determined and compared with the actual measured values. The comparison results are shown in Table 4, which compares the calculated and measured results for 2000 heats.

[0111] Table 3. Range of Measured Values ​​of Variables in 2000 Validation Furnaces

[0112]

[0113] Table 4. Comparison of Calculated and Measured Results for 2000 Furnaces

[0114]

[0115] To further quantify the deviation between the calculated results and actual values ​​of the evaluation model, the average absolute deviation was calculated based on the calculated and measured results of the slag weight and slag temperature for each verification furnace.

[0116] ;

[0117] ;

[0118] In the formula, MAE 重量 MAE 温度 These are the average absolute deviations of the slag weight and slag temperature, respectively; W 留渣计算 T 留渣计算 The slag weight and slag temperature are calculated based on the slag weight model and the slag temperature model, respectively; W 留渣实测 T 留渣实测The actual slag weight and slag temperature were measured, respectively. The mean absolute deviations (MAEs) of the determined slag weight and slag temperature are shown in Table 5. Table 5 presents the results of the mean absolute deviations (MAEs) of the slag weight and slag temperature. It can be seen that the MAEs for both slag weight and slag temperature are relatively small, fully meeting the accuracy requirements for calculating material balance and heat balance in converter static models and other calculations.

[0119] Table 5. Results of the average absolute deviation of slag weight and slag temperature.

[0120]

[0121] In summary, the above-mentioned solution provided in this application can significantly improve the calculation accuracy of the model, reduce manual estimation and experience-based operation, improve the level of automation, reduce the consumption of lime and dolomite, reduce slag waste, improve the endpoint hit rate, reduce the need for supplementary blowing, shorten the smelting cycle, reduce the final slag TFe, reduce the loss of metallic iron, and effectively reduce production costs.

[0122] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter, characterized in that, include: Measure the weight of slag retained under different slag discharge angles for a preset number of furnaces; Determine the critical angle at which slag discharge begins; Establish a model for calculating the weight of slag residue: Among them, W 留渣 For the weight of the residue, α 有效 The effective slag discharge angle is the maximum value of the critical angle and the maximum angle after slag discharge is completed. Using the slag weight of the preset number of furnaces and the effective slag discharge angle, the values ​​of a, b, and c are determined based on the least squares method; Substituting the obtained values ​​of a, b, and c into the slag weight calculation model, a high-precision slag weight calculation formula is obtained.

2. The method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement of slag weight at different slag discharge angles for a preset number of furnaces includes: Continuously record the tilting angle during the forward tilting process of the converter, and record the critical angle α at which the slag begins to flow out into the slag pot. 临界-i And the maximum angle α at the end of slag discharge. max-i ; Weigh the slag pot W after slag discharge. 渣轻-i ; After tapping from the converter, tilt the converter forward to 180° and pour all the remaining slag into the slag pot. Weigh the slag pot at this point, W. 渣重-i ; Using formula W 留渣-i =W 渣重-i -W 渣轻-i Calculate the weight of slag remaining in the furnace after slag discharge.

3. The method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The critical angle for determining the start of slag discharge is: use Determine the critical angle at which slag discharge begins, where N is the preset furnace number, i is the furnace number, i=1,2,...,N, and α 临界-i The critical angle at which the slag of the i-th furnace begins to flow outward is denoted as .

4. The method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Also includes: The slag temperature data for the preset number of heats is measured, including the TSO temperature before tapping. 出钢-i Nitrogen blowing rate V during slag splashing furnace protection 氮气-i The waiting time t from the end of slag splashing to the start of iron mixing. 等待-i ; Measure the temperature T of the slag remaining in the furnace before the start of iron charging. 留渣-i ; Obtain the slag weight W for each of the preset number of furnaces. 留渣-i Establish a calculation model for slag retention temperature: ; Using the slag temperature data of the preset number of furnaces, the values ​​of d, e, and f are determined based on the least squares method; Substituting the obtained values ​​of d, e, and f into the slag retention temperature calculation model yields a high-precision slag retention temperature calculation formula.

5. The method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter according to claim 4, characterized in that, After obtaining the high-precision formula for calculating the slag retention temperature, the method further includes: The temperature T of the previous batch of TSO 出钢 Nitrogen volume V during slag splashing furnace protection 氮气 , Residue weight W 留渣 And the waiting time t from the end of slag splashing to the start of iron mixing. 等待 Substituting into the high-precision slag retention temperature calculation formula, the slag retention temperature T is obtained. 留渣 .

6. The method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset number of furnaces is not less than 1000.

7. The method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature T of the slag remaining in the furnace before the start of ferron melting was measured using an infrared thermometer. 留渣-i .

8. A device for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter, characterized in that, include: The slag weight measurement unit is used to measure the slag weight under different slag discharge angles for a preset number of furnaces; The critical angle determination unit is used to determine the critical angle at which slag discharge can begin. The model building unit is used to build a model for calculating the weight of slag residue. Among them, W 留渣 For the weight of the residue, α 有效 The effective slag discharge angle is the maximum value of the critical angle and the maximum angle after slag discharge is completed. The numerical determination unit is used to determine the values ​​of a, b, and c based on the least squares method using the slag weight of the preset number of furnaces and the effective slag discharge angle. The calculation formula determination unit is used to substitute the obtained values ​​of a, b, and c into the slag weight calculation model to obtain a high-precision slag weight calculation formula.

9. A device for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for calculating slag retention parameters in a semi-steelmaking converter as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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