High load material welding bending test device for multi-source data acquisition based on multi-point sensing feedback

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of bending test equipment, in particular to a high-load material welding bending test device for multi-source data acquisition based on multi-point sensing feedback, which comprises an upper pressure head assembly, a bending roller assembly, a multi-point sensing assembly and a data acquisition and processing assembly. The upper pressure head assembly is detachably assembled on the upper load end of a pressure testing machine and is used for applying bending load to a welding material sample to be tested. The bending roller assembly is detachably assembled on the lower load end of the pressure testing machine and is used for receiving the sample to be tested and cooperating with the upper pressure head assembly to form a three-point bending test structure. In the high-load material welding bending test device for multi-source data acquisition based on multi-point sensing feedback, a detachable structure is adopted, the device is directly assembled on a conventional large-load pressure testing machine with a large on-site stock based on dovetail cooperation structure, a special welding bending test equipment does not need to be separately purchased, and equipment purchase investment is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bending testing equipment technology, and more specifically, to a bending testing device for welding high-load materials based on multi-source data acquisition using multi-point sensing feedback. Background Technology

[0002] This invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical property testing equipment for metallic materials, specifically relating to a supporting device for welding bending tests of high-load materials. The welding bending test is a core testing item for evaluating the crack resistance of welded structural steel. It is mainly used to verify whether cracks generated at the weld joint of steel plates can be effectively absorbed by the base metal or heat-affected zone under dynamic bending loads. This test is suitable for thicknesses greater than 30 mm and yield strengths between 235 and 355 N / mm². 2 There are specific testing requirements for weldable structural steel in this region. Currently, the testing system for the weld bending performance of such materials in China is not yet perfect, and there is a high dependence on bending testing equipment with large loads and large-size specimens when conducting large-scale tests.

[0003] In the prior art, there are already matching bending test fixtures applied in the field of material testing. Among them, Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN214408477U (application number: 202120655315.5) discloses a bending test device for welding specimens. The device mainly consists of a turntable, a fixed pressure roller, a dynamic pressure roller and a clamping assembly. It achieves bending test of welding specimens by relying on an independent frame and is currently the most widely used welding bending test equipment. However, this existing technology has significant technical defects: First, the device is a tooling for a dedicated bending testing machine, and its overall structure is incompatible with ordinary pressure testing machines. In industrial settings, the number of high-load pressure testing machines far exceeds that of large-scale dedicated bending testing machines. Using this device requires a separate complete machine, resulting in high equipment purchase and operating costs and low equipment utilization. Second, the device has an integrated structure, making disassembly and assembly difficult and hindering rapid switching of testing functions. After completing the welding bending test, conventional pressure testing cannot be directly conducted, making it difficult to meet the operational needs of alternating multiple types of tests. Third, the device's load-bearing structure is not reinforced for ultra-high load conditions. The roller spacing adjustment structure is simple and lacks sufficient locking reliability. When testing thick, large-sized, high-load welded specimens, structural loosening and uneven load distribution are likely to occur, reducing the accuracy of test data and posing a safety hazard of structural failure. Fourth, the device lacks a multi-point data acquisition structure, only capable of basic bending actions, and cannot simultaneously acquire multi-source data such as load, deformation, stress, and crack propagation during the test process, making it difficult to support the quality grading and comprehensive evaluation of welded bending test data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-source data acquisition using multi-point sensing feedback, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-source data acquisition using multi-point sensing feedback. The device includes an upper pressure head assembly, a bending roller assembly, a multi-point sensing assembly, and a data acquisition and processing assembly. The upper pressure head assembly is detachably mounted on the upper bearing end of a pressure testing machine and is used to apply a bending load to the welded material sample to be tested. The bending roller assembly is detachably mounted on the lower bearing end of the pressure testing machine and is used to support the test sample and cooperate with the upper pressure head assembly to form a three-point bending test structure. The multi-point sensing assembly is arranged in the detection area of ​​the test device and the test sample to collect various physical parameter signals during the test. The multi-point sensing assembly is electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing assembly, which receives, processes, and stores the multi-source data transmitted by the multi-point sensing assembly. Both the upper pressure head assembly and the bending roller assembly adopt a dovetail fit structure for assembly and positioning. The entire device relies on the pressure testing machine to carry out high-load welding bending tests.

[0006] This setup can be directly mounted on existing pressure testing machines, and its dovetail joint structure enables quick assembly and disassembly. It eliminates the need to purchase additional specialized equipment while performing weld bending tests, thus balancing equipment versatility and testing functionality. Simultaneously, it can collect and process multiple physical parameters, meeting the data detection requirements for weld bending tests of high-load materials.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper pressure head assembly includes a dovetail groove fixing base, a load transmission connector, and a functional pressure head. A fixing plate is installed on the top of the dovetail groove fixing base, a load transmission connector is installed on the bottom of the dovetail groove fixing base, and a functional pressure head is connected to the bottom of the load transmission connector.

[0008] This setup modularizes the upper pressure head assembly, with each component having a clearly defined function. Corresponding components can be replaced individually according to test requirements. At the same time, the fixed plate provides stable support for the upper structure, improving the overall stability of the assembly structure.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the load transfer connector is integrally formed with a dovetail protrusion, the bottom of the dovetail groove fixing base is engaged with the load transfer connector through the dovetail groove, the bottom of the load transfer connector is provided with a dovetail groove, the top of the functional pressure head is integrally formed with a dovetail protrusion, and the top of the functional pressure head is engaged with the load transfer connector through the dovetail groove.

[0010] This design employs a multi-stage dovetail joint method to achieve connection and positioning between components. The dovetail structure features strong load-bearing capacity and good centering, which can effectively transfer high loads and further improve the convenience of disassembly, assembly, and positioning of each component.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bending roller assembly includes a dovetail groove bearing platform, a pressure roller support seat, and a rotating roller body. The dovetail groove bearing platform adopts a double dovetail structure for sliding assembly of the pressure roller support seat. A guide sliding structure is provided at the bottom of the pressure roller support seat to ensure the motion stability during the sliding adjustment process. A receiving groove is provided at the top of the pressure roller support seat near the rotating roller body, and the rotating roller body is disposed in the receiving groove.

[0012] This feature relies on a double dovetail structure to achieve flexible sliding adjustment of the pressure roller support. The guide sliding structure can avoid deviation or jamming during the adjustment process, and the receiving groove can limit the rotation of the roller body to ensure the stability of the roller body's working position.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a positioning hole is provided at the corner of the fixed plate, and an adjusting screw is vertically inserted through the positioning hole. The bottom end of the adjusting screw is fixed to the dovetail groove bearing platform, and an adjusting nut is installed on the adjusting screw. The fixed plate is supported and positioned by the adjusting nut.

[0014] This feature utilizes the combination of adjusting screw and adjusting nut to fine-tune the support height of the fixed plate, enabling alignment and calibration between the upper and lower components and effectively improving the overall coaxiality of the assembled device.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, locking plates are installed on both sides of the pressure roller support seat. The surface of the locking plate is provided with locking holes and roller positioning holes. The locking plate is fixed to the pressure roller support seat by bolts, and the end of the roller positioning hole abuts against the end of the rotating roller.

[0016] This feature uses a locking plate to simultaneously fix itself and limit the axial movement of the rotating roller, preventing axial movement of the rotating roller during high-load bending tests and ensuring smooth operation of the test.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two sides of the pressure roller support are provided with a plurality of locking adjustment holes, and the locking hole of the locking plate cooperates with the locking adjustment hole to fix the locking plate.

[0018] This feature allows for flexible adjustment of the locking plate's installation position via multiple sets of locking adjustment holes, adapting to the positioning requirements of rotating rollers of different specifications and broadening the applicability of the device.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a locking hole is provided on one side of the bottom of the pressure roller support seat, and a locking bolt is installed on the locking hole. The lower end of the locking bolt is locked to the dovetail groove bearing platform to fix the pressure roller support seat.

[0020] This setting, after the pressure roller support seat has been adjusted to its position, is rigidly locked by tightening bolts to prevent slippage of the pressure roller support seat during the test, ensuring that the roller spacing remains constant and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-point sensing component includes several load sensors, deformation sensors, and stress sensors, which are respectively installed in the pressure areas of the upper pressure head component and the bending roller component. Each sensor is equipped with a signal amplification circuit and a signal conversion circuit. The signal amplification circuit performs gain processing on the weak original signal, and the signal conversion circuit completes the conversion of analog signal to digital signal. The data acquisition and processing component has a built-in multi-channel signal time-division acquisition module and a data classification and storage module. The multi-channel signal time-division acquisition module receives multiple sensing signals in a time-division manner according to a predetermined sequence to avoid mutual interference between different signals. The data classification and storage module stores the acquired data in partitions and establishes an associated index.

[0022] This setup can collect various parameters such as load, deformation, and stress during the test process from all angles. The circuit structure ensures the quality of sensor signal transmission, and the time-division acquisition and classified storage structure can avoid signal interference, enabling the orderly acquisition, management, and retrieval of multi-source test data.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a guide screw is transversely inserted between the bending roller assemblies, and a positioning nut is installed on both sides of the guide screw near the bending roller assembly for guiding the bending roller assembly when adjusting its position.

[0024] This setup relies on a guide screw to guide and limit the position adjustment of the bending roller assembly, while the positioning nut can assist in positioning the adjusted assembly, further improving the accuracy of roller spacing adjustment and structural stability.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This high-load material welding bending test device, based on multi-point sensor feedback and multi-source data acquisition, adopts a detachable structural design. Utilizing a dovetail joint structure, it can be directly assembled onto a readily available conventional high-load pressure testing machine, eliminating the need for separate procurement of dedicated welding bending testing equipment and effectively reducing equipment purchase investment. The device is easy to assemble and disassemble, allowing for rapid assembly and disassembly according to testing requirements. The pressure testing machine can freely switch between welding bending tests and conventional compressive strength tests, significantly improving the overall utilization rate of the testing machine and solving the problems of traditional dedicated bending testing devices being incompatible with general-purpose pressure testing machines and having limited functionality.

[0026] 2. In this high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensor feedback and multi-source data acquisition, the main load-bearing components of the entire device are assembled and connected using a dovetail structure. The multi-stage dovetail joint has the characteristics of high load-bearing capacity and excellent centering, and can stably transmit high test loads. The bending roller assembly is equipped with a guide sliding structure, a multiple locking structure, and an axial limiting structure. After the pressure roller support seat is adjusted, multi-point rigid locking can be achieved, effectively avoiding problems such as component slippage, axial movement of the rotating roller, and structural loosening during high-load tests. At the same time, the guide structure can ensure smooth and unobstructed sliding adjustment of components, solving the safety hazards of insufficient load-bearing structural strength, poor locking reliability, and easy deviation of test conditions and structural failure in existing devices.

[0027] 3. In this high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensor feedback and multi-source data acquisition, the upper pressure head assembly adopts a modular split design, allowing each component to be individually disassembled and replaced, adapting to the requirements of different test conditions. The bending roller assembly, with its double dovetail structure, guide screw, and multiple sets of locking adjustment holes, can flexibly adjust the roller spacing and locking plate installation position to meet the testing needs of large-sized welded specimens of different thicknesses and specifications. The mating structure of the adjusting screw and adjusting nut can complete the alignment and calibration of the upper and lower components, effectively improving the overall coaxiality and position adjustment accuracy of the device, and overcoming the shortcomings of existing test devices in terms of single adjustment method and poor adaptability.

[0028] 4. This high-load material welding bending test device, based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition, integrates multi-point sensing components and supporting data acquisition and processing components. It can simultaneously acquire multiple physical parameters such as load, deformation, and stress throughout the entire test process. The sensors are equipped with signal amplification and signal conversion circuits to ensure stable transmission of weak sensing signals. The multi-channel signal time-division acquisition module avoids interference between multiple signals, and the data classification and storage module enables orderly data archiving and indexed retrieval. This solves the problem of traditional test devices only being able to complete the bending action and unable to simultaneously acquire multi-dimensional test data, providing complete and reliable data support for data quality grading and comprehensive performance evaluation of welding bending tests.

[0029] 5. In this high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensor feedback and multi-source data acquisition, each component has a clear division of labor and a well-defined coordination logic. Multiple mechanical limiting and locking structures form a dual protection system, structurally mitigating the risks of component displacement and detachment under high-load testing, thus improving the safety of the test operation. The entire device operates based on a mature pressure testing machine, and the structural modification is a non-destructive addition that does not damage the original equipment structure. It combines structural reliability with ease of use, and can meet the operational needs of large-scale, continuous high-load material welding bending tests. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper pressure head assembly in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bending roller assembly in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dovetail groove bearing platform in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure roller support seat in this invention; The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Upper pressure head assembly; 101. Dovetail groove fixed base; 102. Load transfer connector; 103. Functional pressure head; 104. Fixed plate; 2. Bending roller assembly; 201. Dovetail groove bearing platform; 202. Pressure roller support seat; 2021. Locking adjustment hole; 2022. Guide sliding structure; 203. Rotating roller body; 2023. Locking hole; 204. Locking plate; 2041. Locking hole; 2042. Roller body positioning hole; 3. Adjusting screw; 4. Guide screw; 5. Multi-point sensing assembly; 6. Data acquisition and processing assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] This invention provides a high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-source data acquisition using multi-point sensing feedback, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes an upper pressure head assembly 1 mounted on the upper part of the pressure testing machine, a bending roller assembly 2 mounted on the lower part of the pressure testing machine, a multi-point sensing assembly 5 arranged in the test area, and a data acquisition and processing assembly 6.

[0033] The upper pressure head assembly 1 is detachably mounted on the upper bearing end of the pressure testing machine and is mainly used to apply a stable bending load to the welded material sample to be tested. The bending roller assembly 2 is detachably mounted on the lower bearing end of the pressure testing machine and is mainly used to support the welded material sample to be tested, and cooperates with the upper pressure head assembly 1 to form a three-point bending test structure. The multi-point sensing assembly 5 is arranged in the detection area between the test device and the sample to be tested and is mainly used to collect various physical parameter signals generated during the test. The data acquisition and processing assembly 6 is electrically connected to the multi-point sensing assembly 5 and is mainly used to receive, process and store the multi-source test data transmitted by the multi-point sensing assembly 5.

[0034] Both the upper pressure head assembly 1 and the bending roller assembly 2 adopt a dovetail fit structure to complete the assembly and positioning. The entire device relies on the existing pressure testing machine to carry out high-load welding bending test operations. Each component cooperates with each other to complete the entire process of sample loading, support, parameter acquisition and data processing.

[0035] By dividing the overall equipment into four main modules—upper pressure head assembly 1, bending roller assembly 2, multi-point sensing assembly 5, and data acquisition and processing assembly 6—a modular layout is achieved, resulting in a clear overall structure. Each module can be assembled and disassembled independently, making operation convenient. The dovetail joint structure ensures the assembly strength and positioning accuracy of the upper pressure head assembly 1 and bending roller assembly 2. Testing is conducted using an existing pressure testing machine, eliminating the need for additional specialized equipment. The multi-point sensing assembly 5 and data acquisition and processing assembly 6 work collaboratively to simultaneously collect physical parameters and process and store data, effectively improving the completeness and efficiency of the testing operation.

[0036] In this embodiment, the upper pressure head assembly 1 is assembled and connected to the upper bearing end of the pressure testing machine through the dovetail groove fixed base 101. The load transfer connector 102 connects the dovetail groove fixed base 101 and the functional pressure head 103 to realize the step-by-step transfer of load. The bending roller assembly 2 is fixed to the lower bearing end of the pressure testing machine by the dovetail groove bearing platform 201. The pressure roller support 202 can slide and adjust its position on the dovetail groove bearing platform 201. The rotating roller body 203 is set inside the pressure roller support 202 to jointly complete the sample support operation.

[0037] The upper pressure head assembly 1 completes the load receiving, load transfer and load application sequentially from top to bottom. The force transmission path is smooth and continuous, which can meet the usage requirements of high load test conditions. The bending roller assembly 2 achieves flexible position adjustment based on the double dovetail structure, and keeps the working position fixed with multiple locking structures. It can stably support test samples of different specifications, ensure stable forming of three-point bending test conditions, and reduce the impact of test condition deviation on test results.

[0038] Specifically, the upper pressure head assembly 1 includes a dovetail groove fixing base 101, a load transfer connector 102, and a functional pressure head 103. A fixing plate 104 is installed on the top of the dovetail groove fixing base 101, and a load transfer connector 102 is installed on the bottom of the dovetail groove fixing base 101. The functional pressure head 103 is connected to the bottom of the load transfer connector 102. The components are assembled in layers to form an overall loading structure.

[0039] The upper pressure head assembly 1 adopts a layered modular structure design with clear functional division of each component. Damaged or non-compliant components can be replaced individually according to the test conditions. The fixed plate 104 can provide comprehensive support for the upper assembly structure, improve the structural stability of the upper pressure head assembly 1 after assembly, and avoid misalignment of components under high load.

[0040] Furthermore, the top of the load transfer connector 102 is integrally formed with a dovetail protrusion, and the bottom of the dovetail groove fixing base 101 is engaged with the load transfer connector 102 through the dovetail groove. The bottom of the load transfer connector 102 is provided with a dovetail groove, and the top of the functional pressure head 103 is integrally formed with a dovetail protrusion. The top of the functional pressure head 103 is engaged with the load transfer connector 102 through the dovetail groove. The upper and lower dovetail structures form a multi-level engagement form.

[0041] The multi-stage dovetail joint structure has a large contact area and uniform force distribution, providing excellent high load transfer capability and positioning accuracy. At the same time, the dovetail structure is easy to assemble and disassemble, allowing for quick replacement and maintenance of the load transfer connector 102 and the functional pressure head 103, adapting to test operations with different loading requirements.

[0042] Furthermore, the bending roller assembly 2 includes a dovetail groove support platform 201, a pressure roller support seat 202, and a rotating roller body 203. The dovetail groove support platform 201 adopts a double dovetail structure for sliding assembly of the pressure roller support seat 202. A guide sliding structure 2022 is provided at the bottom of the pressure roller support seat 202. A receiving groove is provided at the top of the pressure roller support seat 202 near the rotating roller body 203, and the rotating roller body 203 is disposed inside the receiving groove.

[0043] The double dovetail structure can provide bidirectional force support for the pressure roller support 202. The guide sliding structure 2022 can constrain the movement trajectory of the pressure roller support 202 and prevent jamming or offset during the sliding adjustment process. The receiving groove forms circumferential and axial limits on the rotating roller body 203, ensuring that the rotating roller body 203 is always in the standard working position.

[0044] Furthermore, a positioning hole is provided at the corner of the fixed plate 104, and an adjusting screw 3 is vertically inserted through the positioning hole. The bottom end of the adjusting screw 3 is fixed on the dovetail groove bearing platform 201, and an adjusting nut is installed on the adjusting screw 3. The fixed plate 104 is supported and positioned by adjusting the nut.

[0045] The adjusting screw 3 and the adjusting nut form a height adjustment mechanism, which can finely adjust the installation height of the fixed plate 104 and the entire upper pressure head assembly 1, so as to achieve precise alignment between the upper pressure head assembly 1 and the bending roller assembly 2, improve the coaxiality of the entire test device after assembly, and ensure that the load is applied vertically to the surface of the test sample.

[0046] Furthermore, locking plates 204 are installed on both sides of the pressure roller support 202. The surface of the locking plate 204 is provided with locking holes 2041 and roller positioning holes 2042. The locking plate 204 is fixed to the pressure roller support 202 by bolts, and the end of the roller positioning hole 2042 abuts against the end of the rotating roller 203.

[0047] The locking plate 204 has both self-fixation and roller body limiting functions. The bolt connection method ensures a secure assembly. The roller body positioning hole 2042 can axially press the rotating roller body 203, effectively preventing the rotating roller body 203 from axially moving during the high-load bending test and maintaining the smooth operation of the test.

[0048] Furthermore, several locking adjustment holes 2021 are provided on both sides of the pressure roller support 202. The locking hole 2041 of the locking plate 204 cooperates with the locking adjustment hole 2021 to achieve the fixed installation of the locking plate 204 on the pressure roller support 202.

[0049] Multiple sets of locking adjustment holes 2021 can change the installation position of the locking plate 204, which can adapt to the positioning requirements of rotating rollers 203 with different axial dimensions, expand the application range of the bending roller assembly 2, and improve the device's compatibility with samples of multiple specifications.

[0050] Furthermore, a locking hole 2023 is provided on one side of the bottom of the pressure roller support 202, and a locking bolt is installed on the locking hole 2023. The lower end of the locking bolt is locked onto the dovetail groove bearing platform 201, thereby fixing the pressure roller support 202 as a whole after adjustment.

[0051] The locking bolt and the locking hole 2023 form a rigid locking structure, which achieves complete positioning after the pressure roller support 202 completes the spacing adjustment, preventing the pressure roller support 202 from slipping during the test, ensuring that the roller spacing always remains at the set value, and effectively improving the accuracy of the bending test results.

[0052] Furthermore, the multi-point sensing component 5 includes several load sensors, deformation sensors, and stress sensors, which are respectively installed in the pressure areas of the upper pressure head component 1 and the bending roller component 2. Each sensor is equipped with a signal amplification circuit and a signal conversion circuit.

[0053] The multi-type sensor zoning can comprehensively collect load, deformation, and stress parameters during the test. The signal amplification circuit can perform gain processing on weak on-site sensor signals, and the signal conversion circuit can complete the conversion of analog signals to digital signals, ensuring the quality of sensor signal transmission and reducing signal loss and interference.

[0054] Furthermore, the data acquisition and processing component 6 has a built-in multi-channel signal time-division acquisition module and a data classification and storage module. The multi-channel signal time-division acquisition module receives multiple sensor signals in a time-division manner according to a predetermined sequence, and the data classification and storage module stores the acquired data in partitions and establishes associated indexes.

[0055] The multi-channel signal time-division acquisition module can stagger the signal reception time periods of different sensors to avoid mutual interference caused by the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals. The data classification and storage module partitions and archives multi-source test data and establishes an index to facilitate the later retrieval, review and analysis of data by staff.

[0056] Furthermore, guide screws 4 are transversely inserted between the bending roller assemblies 2, and positioning nuts are installed on both sides of the guide screws 4 near the bending roller assemblies 2. The guide screws 4 are used for guiding and constraining the bending roller assemblies 2 when adjusting their position.

[0057] The guide screw 4 can uniformly guide the sliding adjustment trajectory of the two sets of bending roller assemblies 2, and the positioning nut can assist in limiting the bending roller assembly 2 after it is adjusted to the correct position. The dual structure works together to improve the accuracy of roller spacing adjustment and the overall structural stability.

[0058] When using the high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition, the device is first installed and deployed as follows: the dovetail groove bearing platform 201 is fixedly assembled on the lower bearing end of the pressure testing machine, and the pressure roller support seat 202 and the rotating roller body 203 are assembled onto the dovetail groove bearing platform 201 in sequence. The guide screw 4 passes through the two sets of bending roller assemblies 2 to initially complete the lower structure assembly. The dovetail groove fixed base 101, load transmission connector 102, and functional pressure head 103 are assembled into an upper pressure head assembly 1 through a multi-stage dovetail structure. The upper pressure head assembly 1 is then assembled onto the upper bearing end of the pressure testing machine. The adjusting screw 3 is inserted into the positioning hole of the fixed plate 104, and the bottom end of the adjusting screw 3 is fixed on the dovetail groove bearing platform 201. The adjusting nut is rotated to complete the alignment and calibration of the upper pressure head assembly 1. Subsequently, the sliding pressure roller support 202 is moved to the preset distance, and the locking plate 204 and locking bolts are used to lock and fix the rotating roller body 203 to the pressure roller support 202 in sequence, completing the positioning operation of the bending roller assembly 2. The load sensor, deformation sensor, and stress sensor are respectively deployed in the pressure areas of the upper pressure head assembly 1 and the bending roller assembly 2. The multi-point sensing assembly 5 is electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing assembly 6 through wiring, and the installation and deployment of the entire device is completed.

[0059] After the equipment is installed, start the data acquisition and processing component 6 for debugging: turn on the data acquisition and processing component 6, check the operating status of the multi-channel signal time-division acquisition module and the data classification and storage module, test the signal acquisition, amplification and conversion functions of each sensor one by one, confirm that all sensor signals can be transmitted normally to the data acquisition and processing component 6, and that the sliding and locking actions of each mechanical structure are smooth and without jamming. After debugging is correct, enter the test preparation state.

[0060] Entering the formal testing stage, the high-load welding material sample to be tested is placed stably between the two rotating rollers 203 on both sides. The pressure testing machine is started, and the pressure testing machine drives the upper pressure head assembly 1 to move downward. The functional pressure head 103 contacts the sample and continuously applies bending load. The sample undergoes bending deformation under the action of the three-point support structure, and the welding bending test is formally carried out.

[0061] During the experiment, various sensors within the multi-point sensing component 5 collect physical parameters such as load, deformation, and stress in real time. The signal amplification and conversion circuits process the raw signals and transmit them to the data acquisition and processing component 6. The multi-channel signal time-division acquisition module receives each sensor signal sequentially according to a preset time sequence. The data classification and storage module partitions and stores the received multi-source data, establishing a correlation index. It records all parameter changes throughout the experiment, ensuring the completeness and traceability of the test data. During the experiment, the guide screw 4 and the multiple locking structure continuously function, keeping the bending roller component 2 in a fixed position. The multi-stage dovetail structure stably transmits high loads, and the entire device maintains standard test conditions at all times.

[0062] After a single set of samples has been tested, the pressure testing machine is controlled to reset the upper pressure head assembly 1, and the tested sample is removed. A new sample can then be used to continue batch testing. After all testing tasks are completed, the power to the pressure testing machine and the data acquisition and processing assembly 6 is turned off. The connection lines between the sensing assembly and the data acquisition and processing assembly 6 are disconnected in sequence. The locking bolts are loosened, the locking plate 204 is removed to release the locking state of the bending roller assembly 2, and the components of the upper pressure head assembly 1 and the bending roller assembly 2 are disassembled in sequence. All components are organized and stored to complete the entire operation process, and the entire equipment operation process ends.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the electronic components in the multi-point sensing component 5, data acquisition and processing component 6, etc. in this embodiment are all general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structure and principle can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. In the idle part of this device, all the above-mentioned electrical components are connected by wires. The specific connection method should refer to the working order between each electrical component in the above working principle to complete the electrical connection. They are all technologies known in the art.

[0064] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-source data acquisition using multi-point sensor feedback, characterized in that: The device includes an upper pressure head assembly (1), a bending roller assembly (2), a multi-point sensing assembly (5), and a data acquisition and processing assembly (6). The upper pressure head assembly (1) is detachably mounted on the upper bearing end of the pressure testing machine and is used to apply bending load to the welded material sample to be tested. The bending roller assembly (2) is detachably mounted on the lower bearing end of the pressure testing machine and is used to support the test sample and cooperate with the upper pressure head assembly (1) to form a three-point bending test structure. The multi-point sensing assembly (5) is arranged in the detection area between the test device and the test sample and is used to collect various physical parameter signals during the test. The multi-point sensing assembly (5) is electrically connected to the data acquisition and processing assembly (6). The data acquisition and processing assembly (6) is used to receive, process, and store the multi-source data transmitted by the multi-point sensing assembly (5). The upper pressure head assembly (1) and the bending roller assembly (2) are both assembled and positioned using a dovetail fit structure. The entire device relies on the pressure testing machine to carry out high-load welding bending test operations.

2. The high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper pressure head assembly (1) includes a dovetail groove fixing base (101), a load transfer connector (102), and a functional pressure head (103). A fixing plate (104) is installed on the top of the dovetail groove fixing base (101), and a load transfer connector (102) is installed on the bottom of the dovetail groove fixing base (101). The functional pressure head (103) is connected to the bottom of the load transfer connector (102).

3. The high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the load transfer connector (102) is integrally formed with a dovetail protrusion. The bottom of the dovetail groove fixing base (101) is engaged with the load transfer connector (102) through the dovetail groove. The bottom of the load transfer connector (102) is provided with a dovetail groove. The top of the functional pressure head (103) is integrally formed with a dovetail protrusion. The top of the functional pressure head (103) is engaged with the load transfer connector (102) through the dovetail groove.

4. The high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bending roller assembly (2) includes a dovetail groove support platform (201), a pressure roller support seat (202), and a rotating roller body (203). The dovetail groove support platform (201) adopts a double dovetail structure for sliding assembly of the pressure roller support seat (202). The bottom of the pressure roller support seat (202) is provided with a guide sliding structure (2022) to ensure the motion stability during the sliding adjustment process. The top of the pressure roller support seat (202) is provided with a receiving groove near the rotating roller body (203), and the rotating roller body (203) is set in the receiving groove.

5. The high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed plate (104) has a positioning hole at the corner, and an adjusting screw (3) is vertically inserted through the positioning hole. The bottom end of the adjusting screw (3) is fixed on the dovetail groove bearing platform (201). An adjusting nut is installed on the adjusting screw (3), and the fixed plate (104) is supported and positioned by the adjusting nut.

6. The high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition according to claim 5, characterized in that: Locking plates (204) are installed on both sides of the pressure roller support (202). The surface of the locking plate (204) is provided with locking holes (2041) and roller positioning holes (2042). The locking plate (204) is fixed to the pressure roller support (202) by bolts. The end of the roller positioning hole (2042) abuts against the end of the rotating roller (203).

7. The high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure roller support (202) has several locking adjustment holes (2021) on both sides. The locking hole (2041) of the locking plate (204) cooperates with the locking adjustment hole (2021) to fix the locking plate (204).

8. The high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition according to claim 7, characterized in that: A locking hole (2023) is provided on one side of the bottom of the pressure roller support (202). A locking bolt is installed on the locking hole (2023). The lower end of the locking bolt is locked to the dovetail groove bearing platform (201) to fix the pressure roller support (202).

9. The high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-point sensing component (5) includes several load sensors, deformation sensors, and stress sensors, which are respectively installed in the pressure areas of the upper pressure head component (1) and the bending roller component (2). Each sensor is equipped with a signal amplification circuit and a signal conversion circuit. The signal amplification circuit performs amplification processing on the weak original signal, and the signal conversion circuit completes the conversion of analog signal to digital signal. The data acquisition and processing component (6) has a built-in multi-channel signal time-division acquisition module and a data classification and storage module. The multi-channel signal time-division acquisition module receives multiple sensing signals in a time-division manner according to a predetermined sequence to avoid mutual interference between different signals. The data classification and storage module partitions and stores the acquired data and establishes an associated index.

10. The high-load material welding bending test device based on multi-point sensing feedback and multi-source data acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide screws (4) are transversely inserted between the bending roller assemblies (2). Positioning nuts are installed on both sides of the guide screws (4) near the bending roller assemblies (2) for guiding the bending roller assemblies (2) when adjusting the water level position.

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