Transmission / reception method and apparatus based on orthogonal cover code in non-terrestrial network

Abstract

A method for a device to perform wireless communication and an apparatus supporting the method are provided. The apparatus can acquire information related to a plurality of orthogonal cover code indexes, determine an orthogonal cover code index among the plurality of orthogonal cover code indexes, and perform transmission to a base station based on an orthogonal cover code related to the orthogonal cover code index. For example, the orthogonal cover code index can be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] 5G NR is the successor to LTE and a new type of mobile communication system with features such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] 6G (wireless communication) systems aim to achieve goals such as (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) networked intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision for 6G systems can include four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and 6G systems can meet the requirements shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 illustrates the requirements for 6G systems.

[0004] [Table 1] Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical solution

[0006] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a method can be provided. For example, the method may include: obtaining information associated with a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; determining an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; and performing a transmission to a base station based on an orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index may be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0007] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, an apparatus can be provided. For example, the apparatus may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, can cause the apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information associated with a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; determining an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; and performing a transmission to a base station based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index may be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0008] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a processing apparatus suitable for a control device can be provided. For example, the processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, can cause the apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information associated with a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; determining an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; and performing a transmission to a base station based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index may be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0009] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. For example, when executed, the instructions can cause a device to perform operations including: obtaining information associated with a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; determining an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; and performing a transmission to a base station based on an orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index can be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 The communication process between devices based on embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0011] Figure 2 A radio protocol architecture based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0012] Figure 3 The structure of a radio frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0013] Figure 4 The time slot structure of a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0014] Figure 5 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0015] Figure 6 This illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0016] Figure 7 An example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, is shown.

[0017] Figure 8a and Figure 8b A non-terrestrial network scenario based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0018] Figure 9The process of performing downlink transmission and reception based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0019] Figure 10 The process of performing uplink transmission and reception based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0020] Figure 11 A method for performing wireless communication using an apparatus based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0021] Figure 12 A method for a base station to perform wireless communication based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 13 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Figure 14 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 15 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 16 Another example of a wireless device based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 17 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 18 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle shown is based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0028] In this disclosure, "A or B" may mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". In other words, in this disclosure, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in this disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only", or "any combination of A, B and C".

[0029] The forward slash ( / ) or comma used in this disclosure can mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B". Therefore, "A / B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C".

[0030] In this disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Furthermore, in this disclosure, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0031] Additionally, in this disclosure, "at least one of A, B, and C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only" or "any combination of A, B, and C". Furthermore, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B, and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0032] Additionally, the brackets used in this disclosure may mean "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "Control Message (PDCCH)", this may mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "Control Message". In other words, "Control Message" in this disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDCCH" may be cited as an example of "Control Message". Furthermore, when indicated as "Control Message (i.e., PDCCH)", this may also mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "Control Message".

[0033] In the following description, "when, if, or in the case of" can be replaced with "based on".

[0034] The technical features described in one of the accompanying drawings of this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0035] In this disclosure, higher-layer parameters can be parameters configured, pre-configured, or predefined for the UE. For example, a base station or network can send higher-layer parameters to the UE. For example, higher-layer parameters can be sent via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or Media Access Control (MAC) signaling.

[0036] In this disclosure, the term "configured or defined" can be interpreted as pre-configuring or configuring a device via predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, downlink control information (DCI), etc.) from a base station or network. In this disclosure, the term "configured or defined" can also be interpreted as pre-configuring or configuring a device via predefined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, sidelink control information (SCI), control information signaled between devices, etc.) from another device. In this disclosure, the term "configured or defined" can be interpreted as pre-configuring a device.

[0037] In this disclosure, User Equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In this disclosure, Base Station (BS) may refer to a Radio Access Network (RAN) node, a Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) cell / node, a Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), a network, an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0038] The techniques proposed in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and 5G NR.

[0039] The technologies proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technologies and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key features such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0040] Figure 1 The communication process between devices based on embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 1 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 In step S101, the first device and the second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device can be at least one of the UE and / or the devices proposed in this disclosure. For example, the second device can be at least one of the base station, network, RAN node, NTN node / cell, TRP, UE and / or the devices proposed in this disclosure. For example, the first device can perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted based on rules predefined by the second device. Here, for example, the synchronization signal can include multiple synchronization signals based on structure or purpose classification (e.g., primary synchronization signal, secondary synchronization signal, etc.). In this way, the first device can check the boundaries of the frames, subframes, time units, time slots and / or symbols of the second device, and the first device can obtain information for the second device (e.g., cell identifier).

[0042] In step S103, the first device may obtain system information sent by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device required to access the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be categorized based on content (e.g., whether it is inherently necessary for access), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is based on on-demand provision), etc. For example, the system information may be categorized into Main Information Blocks (MIBs) and System Information Blocks (SIBs). For example, the first device may send a signal requesting system information before receiving it, as needed. For example, the request and provision of system information may be performed after the random access procedure described later.

[0043] In step S105, the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device can send and / or receive at least one message (e.g., random access preamble, random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to the random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, supported preamble structure, etc.). For example, the first device can send a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, and the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2), and the first device can send a message (e.g., Msg3) including information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device can receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be sent and received as a single message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be sent and received as a single message (e.g., MsgB).

[0044] In step S107, the first and second devices can execute signaling for control information. Here, for example, the control information can be defined in various layers, such as layers controlling connections (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer), layers handling the mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., Medium Access Control (MAC) layer), layers handling physical channels (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer), etc. For example, the first and second devices can execute at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining communication-related configurations, and / or signaling for indicating allocated resources. For example, the control information can be signaled / sent via a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel can be used to schedule data, data channels (e.g., shared channels), and / or control information on data channels.

[0045] In step S109, the first and second devices can transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first and second devices can process data based on signaling of control information and transmit and / or receive data. For example, when transmitting data, the first or second device can perform at least one of channel coding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first or second device can perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0046] For example, the layers of the radio interface protocol between the first device and the second device can be classified as Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), and Layer 3 (L3), etc. For instance, the physical layer, belonging to Layer 1, can provide information transmission services using physical channels, and the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, located in Layer 3, can perform the function of controlling radio resources between the first and second devices. For this purpose, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first and second devices.

[0047] Figure 2 A radio protocol architecture based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure. For example, Figure 2 (a) may show the radio protocol stack for the user plane used for uplink or downlink communication, and Figure 2 (b) may show the radio protocol stack for the control plane used for uplink or downlink communication. For example, Figure 2 (c) can illustrate the radio protocol stack for the user plane used for inter-device communication, and Figure 2 (d) can show the radio protocol stack of the control plane used for inter-device communication.

[0048] For example, the physical layer can use physical channels to provide information transmission services to higher layers. For example, the physical layer can connect to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, which is a higher layer, via a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer via a transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified based on how and what characteristics are used to transmit data through the radio interface. For example, data can be transmitted between different physical layers (i.e., between the physical layers of a first device and a second device) via a physical channel. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be used as radio resources.

[0049] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the higher-level Radio Link Control (RLC) layer via logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide mapping functionality from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide logical channel multiplexing functionality by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services over logical channels.

[0050] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee the various Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the Radio Bearer (RB), the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ).

[0051] For example, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer can be defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer can be used to control logical, transport, and physical channels related to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. For example, RB can refer to a logical path provided by first (e.g., the physical layer) and second layers (e.g., the MAC layer, RLC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, etc.) for data delivery between a first device and a second device.

[0052] For example, the PDCP layer in the user plane may include the delivery of user data, header compression, and encryption. Similarly, the PDCP layer in the control plane may include the delivery of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0053] For example, RB configuration can refer to the process of specifying radio protocol layers and channel attributes to provide a specific service and configuring each specific parameter and operating method. For instance, RBs can be divided into two types: Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs). For example, an SRB can be used as a path for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, and a DRB can be used as a path for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0054] For example, the downlink transport channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and / or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or other control messages. For example, in the case of traffic or control messages in downlink multicast or broadcast services, they may be transmitted via the downlink SCH, or they may be transmitted via a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, the uplink transport channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages and / or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or other control messages. For example, the logical channel located above the transport channel and mapped to the transport channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0055] Figure 3 The structure of a radio frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 For example, radio frames can be used for uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or inter-device transmission. For example, a radio frame can be 10 ms long and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame can include five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe can be divided into one or more time slots, and the number of time slots within a subframe can be determined based on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, based on the cyclic prefix (CP), each time slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols.

[0057] For example, in the case of using normal CP, each time slot may include 14 symbols. For example, in the case of using extended CP, each time slot may include 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and / or single-carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbols (or discrete Fourier transform spread spectrum-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0058] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot based on SCS configuration (u) when using normal CP or extended CP. Number of time slots per frame ( ) and the number of time slots per subframe ( Examples of ).

[0059] [Table 2]

[0060] For example, OFDM(A) parameter sets (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) can be configured differently across multiple cells aggregated to a single UE. Correspondingly, the (absolute time) duration of time resources (e.g., subframes, time slots, or transmission time intervals (TTIs)) configured with the same number of symbols can be configured differently across the aggregated cells. For example, in this disclosure, time resources such as subframes, time slots, TTIs, etc., can be referred to as time units.

[0061] For example, multiple parameter sets or SCSs can be supported to support various services. For instance, with an SCS of 15kHz, wide-area coverage in conventional cellular bands can be supported, while with an SCS of 30kHz / 60kHz, dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth can be supported. For instance, with an SCS of 60kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than 24.25GHz can be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0062] Figure 4 The time slot structure of a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 4 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0063] Reference Figure 4 For example, a time slot can include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier can include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) can be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth portion (BWP) can be defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain and can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier can include up to N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication can be performed by activating BWPs. For example, each element in a resource grid can be called a resource element (RE), and a complex symbol can be mapped to each element.

[0064] For example, a BWP can be a set of consecutive PRBs in a given parameter set. For example, a PRB can be selected from a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (CRBs) in a given parameter set on a given carrier.

[0065] For example, a BWP can be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, a UE may not monitor downlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than the active DL BWP on the primary cell (PCell). For example, a UE may not receive the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), or Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) (except for Radio Resource Management (RRM)) other than the active DL BWP. For example, a UE may not trigger Channel State Information (CSI) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, a UE may not transmit the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) other than the active UL BWP. For example, in the downlink case, the initial BWP can be given as a set of contiguous resource blocks (RBs) for the Residual Minimal System Information (RMSI) Control Resource Set (CORESET) (configured by the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)). For example, in the uplink case, the initial BWP can be given by a System Information Block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be configured by higher layers. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP. To save energy, if the UE does not detect downlink control information (DCI) for a certain period of time, the UE can switch its active BWP to the default BWP.

[0066] Figure 5 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure. Figure 5 In this implementation, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0067] Reference Figure 5 For example, a common resource block (CRB) can be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier frequency band to the other, and a PRB can be a resource block numbered within each BWP. For example, point A can indicate a common reference point of the resource block grid.

[0068] For example, BWP can be defined by point A and offset from point A. and bandwidth N start BWP This can be configured. For example, point A can be an external reference point of the PRB of a carrier, where all parameter sets (e.g., all parameter sets supported by the network on the corresponding carrier) are 0-aligned with subcarriers. For example, offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given parameter set and point A. For example, bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given parameter set.

[0069] Figure 6This illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 6 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0070] As core implementation technologies for 6G systems, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), terahertz (THz) communication, optical wireless technology, free-space light (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, non-cellular communication, wireless information and power transfer (WIET), integrated sensing and communication, integrated access and backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analytics, and large-scale intelligent surfaces (LIS) can be adopted.

[0071] - Artificial Intelligence (AI): When AI is introduced into communication, real-time data transmission can be simplified and improved. AI can use numerous analyses to determine methods for performing complex target tasks. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming operations such as switching, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly by AI. AI can also play an important role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine interactions. Additionally, AI can enable instant communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-maintaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0072] - Terahertz (THz) Communication: Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves are referred to as submillimeter radiation, typically indicating a frequency band between 0.1THz and 10THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03mm to 3mm. The 100GHz to 300GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered the main part of the THz band used for cellular communication. 6G cellular communication capacity increases when the sub-THz band is added to the millimeter-wave band. The defined THz band of 300GHz to 3THz is in the far-infrared (IR) band. The 300GHz to 3THz band is part of the optical band, but it lies at the boundary of the optical band and immediately follows the RF band. Therefore, the 300GHz to 3THz band is similar to RF. The main characteristics of THz communication include (i) a wide bandwidth that can be used to support very high data rates and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated in highly directional antennas reduces interference. The short wavelength of THz signals allows for the integration of a greater number of antenna elements with devices and base stations operating in this band. Therefore, advanced adaptive placement techniques capable of overcoming range limitations can be used.

[0073] - Massive MIMO technology (MMIMO)

[0074] - Holographic Beamforming (HBF)

[0075] - Optical wireless technology

[0076] - Free Space Light (FSO) Backhaul Network

[0077] - Quantum communication

[0078] - Cellular communication

[0079] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0080] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0081] - Integrated access and backhaul networks

[0082] Big Data Analytics

[0083] - Reconfigurable smart surfaces

[0084] - Metaverse

[0085] - Blockchain

[0086] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing Urban Air Mobility (UAM), Regional Air Mobility (RAM), and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). For example, AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, and Unmanned Aircraft (UAV).

[0087] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): Vehicle-to-everything (V2X), a core element in establishing autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that enables vehicles to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I).

[0088] - Non-terrestrial Network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources installed on a satellite (or UAS platform). NTN services can be considered to ensure wider coverage or to provide wireless communication services to areas where installing wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0089] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology enabler that acquires information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. It uses radio frequency to determine the distance (range), angle, or instantaneous linear velocity of objects.

[0090] - Reconfigurable Smart Surfaces (RIS): RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments. For example, an RIS can consist of a metasurface or many small antennas arranged on a surface, and each small antenna can actively adjust the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc., of the reflected signal. For example, an RIS can improve signal reception by adjusting the path, phase, and / or intensity of the propagating signal. For example, in the case of an RIS, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for adjusting the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For example, because an RIS can be reconfigured according to various environments, it can meet various communication requirements and can operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0091] Figure 7 An example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, is shown. Figure 7 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0092] Reference Figure 7 NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, High Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) (HIBS) serving as International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and UEs capable of over-the-air communication (e.g., AAM). For example, for purposes such as coverage enhancement, devices such as satellite networks, HIBS, and UEs capable of over-the-air communication (e.g., AAM) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with base stations, satellite networks, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a UE, another AAM, etc.

[0093] Figure 8a and Figure 8b A non-terrestrial network scenario based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 8a and Figure 8b The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0094] Figure 8a This illustrates a non-terrestrial network scenario based on a transparent payload, and Figure 8b This illustrates a non-terrestrial network scenario based on regenerative payloads. For example, a non-terrestrial network may typically include the following components.

[0095] - Connecting a non-terrestrial network to one or more satellite gateways that connect to a public data network.

[0096] - Feeder link or wireless link between the satellite gateway and the satellite (or UAS platform)

[0097] - Service link or radio link between User Equipment (UE) and satellite (or UAS platform)

[0098] - Satellites (or UAS platforms) capable of implementing transparent or regenerative payloads (including onboard processing). For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can typically generate multiple beams over a given service area defined by line-of-sight. For example, the beam coverage area can typically be elliptical. For example, the line-of-sight of the satellite (or UAS platform) can vary based on the onboard antenna pattern and minimum elevation angle. For example, for transparent payloads, RF filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification can be performed. Therefore, repetitive waveform signals in the payload can remain unchanged. For example, for regenerative payloads, RF filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification, as well as demodulation / decoding, switching, and / or routing, and encoding / modulation can be performed. This can be effectively equivalent to installing all base station functions on a satellite (or UAS platform).

[0099] - Optional, inter-satellite link (ISL); - User equipment can be served by satellites (or UAS platforms) within the target service area.

[0100] Figure 9 The process of performing downlink transmission and reception based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 9 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0101] Reference Figure 9 In step S910, the base station can schedule downlink transmissions, such as frequency / time resources, transmission layer, downlink precoder, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), etc. For example, the base station can determine the beam used for PDSCH transmission to the UE.

[0102] In step S920, the UE can receive DCI for downlink scheduling (e.g., scheduling information including PDSCH) from the base station on the PDCCH.

[0103] For example, DCI format 1_0 or 1_1 can be used for downlink scheduling. For example, DCI format 1_1 may include the following information: DCI format identifier, bandwidth portion indicator, frequency domain resource allocation, time domain resource allocation, bundle size indicator, rate matching indicator, zero power (ZP) CSI-RS trigger, antenna port, transmit configuration indicator (TCI), sounding reference signal (SRS) request, and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence initialization.

[0104] For example, the number of DMRS ports can be scheduled based on each state indicated in the antenna port field, and single-user (SU) / multi-user (MU) transmission scheduling can also be performed.

[0105] For example, the TCI field can be configured with 3 bits, and the quasi-co-address (QCL) for DMRS can be dynamically indicated by indicating up to 8 TCI states based on the TCI field value.

[0106] In step S930, the UE can receive downlink data from the base station on the PDSCH.

[0107] For example, if the UE detects a PDSCH that includes DCI format 1_0 or 1_1, the UE can decode the PDSCH based on the indication of the corresponding DCI.

[0108] Figure 10 The process of performing uplink transmission and reception based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 10 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0109] Reference Figure 10 In step S1010, the base station can schedule uplink transmissions, such as frequency / time resources, transmission layer, uplink precoder, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), etc. For example, the base station can determine the beam used for the UE's PUSCH transmission.

[0110] In step S1020, the UE can receive DCI for uplink scheduling (e.g., scheduling information including PUSCH) from the base station on the PDCCH.

[0111] For example, DCI format 0_0 or 0_1 can be used for uplink scheduling. For example, DCI format 0_1 ​​can include the following information: DCI format identifier, UL / Supplementary Uplink (SUL) indicator, bandwidth portion indicator, frequency domain resource allocation, time domain resource allocation, frequency hopping flag, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), SRS resource indicator (SRI), precoding information and layer number, antenna port, SRS request, DMRS sequence initialization, and uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) indicator.

[0112] For example, the SRS resources configured within the SRS resource set associated with the high-level parameter "usage" can be indicated by the SRS resource indicator field. For instance, "spatialRelationInfo" can be configured for each SRS resource, and its value can be one of {CRI, SSB, SRI}.

[0113] In step S1030, the UE can send uplink data to the base station on the PUSCH.

[0114] For example, if the UE detects a PDCCH containing DCI format 0_0 or 0_1, the UE can send the corresponding PUSCH according to the indication of the corresponding DCI. For example, for PUSCH transmission, two transmission schemes can be supported: codebook-based transmission and non-codebook-based transmission.

[0115] For example, if the higher-layer parameter "txConfig" is set to "codebook", the UE can be configured for codebook-based transmission. Conversely, if the higher-layer parameter "txConfig" is set to "nonCodebook", the UE can be configured for non-codebook-based transmission. For example, if the higher-layer parameter "txConfig" is not configured, the UE may not expect to be scheduled by DCI format 0_1. For example, if PUSCH is scheduled by DCI format 0_0, PUSCH transmission can be based on a single antenna port.

[0116] Recently, the introduction of non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) utilizing satellites as network nodes has been actively discussed in the field of communications. Satellites supporting NTNs can be classified according to their flight orbits and characteristics, such as Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO), Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), and Low Earth Orbit (LEO), and typically have very high altitudes. Therefore, the service area of ​​a satellite can have very wide coverage, and the number of target UEs within that service area can be relatively large. Thus, NTN services may need to support multiplexing for multiple UEs. Here, since terrestrial UEs have limitations in transmit power, coverage extension techniques can be applied to ensure a sufficient signal strength reaches the high-altitude NTN during uplink transmission. For example, a UE can achieve coverage extension by repeating the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) (which is the uplink data channel) on the time axis. Here, the UE can transmit the PUSCH in a Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Spectrum Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) scheme to obtain coverage gain. Here, DFT-s-OFDM modulation scheme can refer to a modulation scheme in which DFT precoding (or DFT spreading) is applied as part of transform (TF) precoding before OFDM modulation. Meanwhile, coverage spreading techniques can reduce resource utilization efficiency due to repeated transmissions, and uplink multiplexing methods utilizing orthogonal coverage codes (OCCs) can be efficient. Below, this disclosure proposes methods for configuring and / or indicating OCC when a UE can apply OCC to uplink transmission signals, as well as apparatus supporting such methods.

[0117] The present disclosure primarily describes a method for applying OCC to an uplink data channel; however, the method proposed in this disclosure can be extended and applied to applying OCC to any uplink transmitted signal.

[0118] [Proposed Method #01] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (and / or Msg3 PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions) based on UL grant scheduling in a Random Access Response (RAR), the UE can report support capabilities related to OCC application by selecting and transmitting (pre)configured and / or (pre)defined (specific) initial access resources (e.g., RACH preamble, etc.) between the base station and the UE. Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to repeated transmissions. Here, for example, a Random Access Response (RAR) can refer to the base station's response signal to an initial access resource (e.g., random access channel (RACH) preamble, etc.) transmitted by the UE. Here, for example, a random access channel (RACH) can refer to the physical transport channel / resources, etc., used to support initial access and / or random access.

[0119] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0120] Here, for example, in the case of the initial access procedure, the UE may first send a Random Access Channel (RACH) preamble as Msg1, the base station may send a Random Access Response (RAR) as Msg2, and the UE may subsequently send an RRC connection request, etc., as Msg3. Here, for example, Msg3 may be sent in the form of, for example, an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), and may support repeated transmission for coverage enhancement. Here, for example, if Msg3 PUSCH is repeatedly transmitted, OCC can be considered to increase uplink capacity. Here, for example, the UE should be able to report (UE) capability information indicating that it can support OCC application when sending Msg3 PUSCH. Here, for example, since the initial access procedure may be a stage before the process of reporting the UE's capabilities, the support capability related to OCC application of Msg3 PUSCH can be reported by the UE by selecting and sending (pre)configured and / or (pre)defined (specific) initial access resources (e.g., RACH preamble, etc.) between the base station and the UE. Here, for example, in summary, capabilities related to OCC support can be reported by selecting and transmitting (pre)configured and / or (pre)defined (specific) initial access resources (e.g., RACH preamble, etc.) for uplink data channels (and / or Msg3 PUSCH) (and / or their retransmissions) based on UL grant scheduling in the Random Access Response (RAR). Based on the proposed method of this disclosure, there is an advantage that OCC applications can be supported even for uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or their retransmissions) prior to the initial access procedure and / or UE capability reporting procedure.

[0121] [The proposed method #01] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0122] [Proposed Method #02] When a UE may apply OCC to an uplink data channel (and / or Msg3 PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions) based on UL grant scheduling in a random access response (RAR), the base station and / or the UE may determine the OCC application (basic) unit and / or OCC length by one or more of the following methods.

[0123] (1) The OCC application (basic) unit can be determined based on the retransmission unit of the uplink data channel. For example, if retransmission of PUSCH repetition type A is applied during Msg3 PUSCH transmission, the OCC application (basic) unit can be a time slot.

[0124] (2) The OCC length can be determined based on the number of repeated transmissions of the uplink data channel. For example, if repeated transmission of PUSCH repetition type A is applied during Msg3 PUSCH transmission, the OCC length can be the number of repeated PUSCH transmissions.

[0125] Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, the Random Access Response (RAR) can refer to the base station's response signal to the initial access resources (e.g., the Random Access Channel (RACH) preamble, etc.) sent by the UE. Here, for example, the Random Access Channel (RACH) can refer to the physical transport channel / resources, etc., used to support initial access and / or random access.

[0126] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0127] Here, for example, in the initial access procedure, the UE may first send a Random Access Channel (RACH) preamble as Msg1, the base station may send a Random Access Response (RAR) as Msg2, and the UE may subsequently send an RRC connection request, etc., as Msg3. Here, for example, Msg3 may be sent in the form of, for example, an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), and may support retransmission for coverage enhancement. Here, for example, if Msg3 PUSCH is retransmitted, OCC may be considered to increase uplink capacity. Here, for example, when OCC is applied to uplink data channels (and / or Msg3 PUSCH) (and / or their retransmission) based on UL grant scheduling in the Random Access Response (RAR), implicitly configuring / indicating the OCC application (basic) unit and / or OCC length rather than explicitly configuring / indicating them may be preferred because it is difficult to deliver UE-specific / dedicated configuration information. Here, for example, the OCC application (basic) unit may be determined based on the retransmission unit of the uplink data channel. For example, if PUSCH repetition type A is applied during Msg3 PUSCH transmission, the OCC application (basic) unit can be a time slot. Here, for example, the OCC length can be determined based on the number of repetitions of the uplink data channel. For example, if PUSCH repetition type A is applied during Msg3 PUSCH transmission, the OCC length can be the number of repetitive PUSCH transmissions. Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, there is an advantage that OCC application can be supported even for uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or their repetitions) prior to the initial access procedure and / or UE-specific / dedicated configuration (without additional signaling overhead).

[0128] [Proposed Method #02] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0129] [Proposed Method #03] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (and / or Msg3 PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions) based on UL grant scheduling in a Random Access Response (RAR), the base station and / or the UE can determine the OCC index based on one or more of the following: (1) RAPID (RACH preamble ID) (2) PRACH OCC Index (3) The location of the UL authorization (corresponding to the UE) within the RAR Here, for example, whether or not OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to repeated transmissions. Here, for example, the Random Access Response (RAR) can refer to the base station's response signal to the initial access resources (e.g., the Random Access Channel (RACH) preamble, etc.) transmitted by the UE. Here, for example, the Random Access Channel (RACH) can refer to the physical transport channel / resources, etc., used to support initial access and / or random access. Here, for example, the UE can refer to the UL authorization in the RAR, and if there is another uplink data channel whose resource allocation partially and / or completely overlaps with its own uplink data channel (on the time axis and / or frequency axis), the UE can apply OCC; otherwise, the UE can not apply OCC.

[0130] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0131] Here, for example, in the initial access procedure, the UE may first send a Random Access Channel (RACH) preamble as Msg1, the base station may send a Random Access Response (RAR) as Msg2, and the UE may subsequently send an RRC connection request, etc., as Msg3. Here, for example, Msg3 may be sent in the form of, for example, an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), and may support repeated transmission for coverage enhancement. Here, for example, if Msg3 PUSCH is repeatedly transmitted, OCC may be considered to increase uplink capacity. Here, for example, when OCC is applied to uplink data channels (and / or Msg3 PUSCH) (and / or their repeated transmission) based on UL-granted scheduling in the Random Access Response (RAR), implicitly configuring / indicating the OCC index rather than explicitly configuring / indicating it may be preferred because it is difficult to deliver UE-specific / dedicated configuration information. Therefore, in this disclosure, when a UE may apply OCC to an uplink data channel (and / or Msg3 PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions) based on UL grant scheduling in a random access response (RAR), the base station and / or the UE may determine the OCC index based on one or more of the following: (1) RAPID (RACH preamble ID) (2) PRACH OCC Index (3) The location of the UL authorization (corresponding to the UE) within the RAR Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, there is an advantage that OCC applications can be supported even for uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or their repeated transmissions) prior to the initial access procedure and / or UE-specific / dedicated configuration (without additional signaling overhead).

[0132] [Proposed Method #03] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0133] [Proposed Method #04] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions), the UE can determine that the OCC configuration is invalid for one or more of the following: (1) If the number of (configured / indicated) duplicate PUSCH transmissions is smaller than the (configured / indicated) OCC length. (2) If the (configured / indicated) (nominal) time domain window (TDW) is smaller than the (configured / indicated) OCC length. (3) If the (configured / indicated) transition interval is smaller than the (configured / indicated) OCC length. (4) If the resource group applying OCC has a specific level or greater interval (on the time / frequency axis) (5) If a time slot index is applied based on available time slots (6) If PUSCH repeat type B is applied Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to repeated transmissions. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to repeated transmissions of uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (on the time axis and / or frequency axis). Here, for example, the (nominal) time domain window (TDW) can refer to the (nominal) time interval for which the UE is expected to maintain phase continuity and / or power consistency, and the base station can (pre)configure / define / indicate it to the UE. Here, for example, the hopping interval can refer to the (time / frequency) interval for maintaining a single hopping when frequency hopping and / or OCC index hopping of uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) are applied. Here, for example, an available time slot can refer to a time slot in which the UE can fully transmit the allocated PUSCH resources. For example, if some (OFDM) symbols in the PUSCH resources scheduled within a time slot are invalid symbols (e.g., downlink transmission symbols and / or synchronization signal transmission symbols, etc.), then the corresponding time slot may not be an available time slot. Here, for example, PUSCH repetition type B is the type of repeated PUSCH transmission, and can refer to the type of UE that performs the next repeated transmission immediately after the symbol of the end of the previous repeated transmission. Here, for example, the number of (configured / defined / indicated) repeated PUSCH transmissions can refer to the number of repeated PUSCH transmissions within (nominal) TDW and / or within a transition.

[0134] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0135] Here, for example, if the base station configures / instructs the UE to apply OCC for an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions), the UE may proceed through a process of determining the validity of the OCC application configuration / instruction. Here, for example, if it is determined that the orthogonality of the OCC is not maintained or is difficult to guarantee, the UE may determine that the corresponding OCC configuration is invalid. For example, the UE may determine that the corresponding OCC configuration is invalid for one or more of the following: (1) If the number of (configured / indicated) duplicate PUSCH transmissions is smaller than the (configured / indicated) OCC length. (2) If the (configured / indicated) (nominal) TDW is smaller than the (configured / indicated) OCC length. (3) If the (configured / indicated) transition interval is smaller than the (configured / indicated) OCC length. (4) If the resource group applying OCC has a specific level or greater interval (on the time / frequency axis) (5) If a time slot index is applied based on available time slots (6) If PUSCH repeat type B is applied Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, by committing to and / or defining the configuration combination of the UE for the orthogonality and / or validity of the OCC that is difficult to predict, the corresponding OCC application configuration is determined to be invalid, which has the advantages of facilitating the implementation of the UE and clarifying the operation between the base station and the UE.

[0136] [Proposed Method #04] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0137] [Proposed Method #05] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmission), if the UE can apply OCC to the retransmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), then OCC application within the retransmission interval can be supported by one or more of the following methods: (1) OCC can be applied from the start of repeated transmission (repeatedly).

[0138] (2) The base station may configure and / or indicate interval information (or start position and / or end position and / or length) related to the OCC application (within the repetitive transmission interval).

[0139] Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to retransmissions. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to the retransmission of uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (on the time axis and / or frequency axis). Here, for example, the retransmission interval of the uplink data channel (on the time / frequency axis) can be configured / indicated to be equal to or longer than the OCC application interval (or OCC length) (on the time / frequency axis).

[0140] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0141] Here, for example, the UE can apply OCC to the retransmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). Here, for example, the length of the OCC (applied by the UE) can be equal to or less than the retransmission interval / number of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). Here, for example, when the OCC length is shorter than the retransmission interval, an agreement between the base station and the UE regarding the OCC application method may be required. For example, the base station and the UE can (pre-)commit / define the OCC to be applied (repeatedly) at the start time of the retransmission. For example, when OCC = [+1 -1] and the number of retransmissions is 4, the OCC can be applied from the start point to apply [+1 -1] to the first two retransmissions, or the OCC can be repeatedly applied from the start point to apply [+1 -1 +1 -1] to all retransmissions. Alternatively, for example, the base station can configure and / or indicate to the UE interval information (or start position and / or end position and / or length) related to the application of OCC (within the retransmission interval). Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, when the UE can apply OCC to the repeated transmission of uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH), even if the OCC length (or OCC application interval) does not match the number of repeated transmissions (or repeated transmission interval), there is an advantage that the base station and the UE can explain the operation with the same understanding of the OCC application interval.

[0142] [Proposed Method #05] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0143] [Proposed Method #06] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions), the UE can apply OCC based on one or more of the following slot indexing methods: (1) In the case of physical time slot index, OCC can be applied to consecutive time slots based on the physical time slot index.

[0144] (2) When a time slot index is available, OCC can be applied to consecutive time slots based on the available time slot index.

[0145] For example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. For example, OCC can be applied to repeated transmissions. For example, the OCC application interval can follow the configuration of OCC application units and / or OCC length. For example, OCC can be applied in multiples of time slots on the time axis. For example, a physical time slot can refer to a scheduling unit that is physically defined (on the time axis). For example, an available time slot can refer to a time slot in which the UE can fully transmit the allocated PUSCH resources. For example, if some (OFDM) symbols in the PUSCH resources scheduled within a time slot are invalid symbols (e.g., downlink transmission symbols and / or synchronization signal transmission symbols, etc.), then the corresponding time slot may not be an available time slot. For example, the time slot indexing method to be referenced when applying OCC can be information that is (pre)defined and / or (pre)configured between the base station and the UE.

[0146] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0147] Here, for example, the OCC applied by the UE to the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmission) can be an OCC applied on the time axis. Here, for example, when applying (time axis) OCC, the UE can apply OCC on the time axis in multiples of time slots. Here, for example, the resource group for applying (time axis) OCC can vary according to the time slot indexing method. For example, based on the physical time slot index, the resource group for applying OCC can be formed from consecutive time slots based on the physical time slot index. For example, based on the available time slot index, the resource group for applying OCC can be formed from consecutive time slots based on the available time slot index. Here, for example, an available time slot can refer to a time slot where the UE can fully transmit the allocated PUSCH resources. For example, if some (OFDM) symbols in the PUSCH resources scheduled within a time slot are invalid symbols (e.g., downlink transmission symbols and / or synchronization signal transmission symbols, etc.), then the corresponding time slot may not be an available time slot. Here, for example, the time slot indexing method to be referenced when applying OCC can be information configured by the base station to the UE. Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, corresponding to uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or their repeated transmissions) that follow physical time slot indices and / or available time slot indices, there is an advantage that OCC can also be applied based on physical time slot indices and / or available time slot indices.

[0148] [Proposed Method #06] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0149] [Proposed Method #07] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmissions), the base station can configure / define / indicate multiple OCC lengths to the UE as OCC-related configurations, and the UE can select and apply one of the multiple OCC lengths based on the transmission interval / length (on the time / frequency axis) and / or the number of retransmissions and / or the channel environment of its own uplink data channel. Here, for example, whether to apply OCC can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, the OCC application interval can follow the configuration of the OCC application unit and / or OCC length.

[0150] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0151] Here, for example, when a UE intends to apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions), it is possible that some transmissions in the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions) may be omitted or canceled. Here, for example, if the UE is configured with only a single OCC length, the corresponding OCC length may be in the form of a transmission interval that is no longer suitable for reducing / changing the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions). Therefore, in this disclosure, when a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions), the base station can configure / define / indicate multiple OCC lengths to the UE as OCC-related configurations, and the UE can select and apply one of the multiple OCC lengths based on the transmission interval / length and / or the number of repeated transmissions and / or the channel environment of its own uplink data channel (on the time / frequency axis). Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, there is an advantage in still supporting orthogonality by allowing the UE to apply other OCC length candidates when UL transmission is omitted and / or OCC application conditions are not met. For example, the UE can select / apply an OCC length by starting with the application of a long OCC length and attempting to apply a second-longest OCC length when UL transmission is omitted and / or OCC application conditions are not met.

[0152] [Proposed Method #07] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0153] [Proposed Method #08] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions), the base station and / or the UE can (pre)configure and / or (pre)define OCC index transitions, and when applying OCC index transitions, the transition interval can be (pre)configured and / or (pre)defined by one or more of the following methods: (1) Configure and / or define in units of symbols / time slots (or multiples thereof). (2) Configure and / or define in units of OCC length (or multiples thereof). (3) Configure and / or define in units of (nominal) TDW (or multiples thereof). Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to repeated transmissions. Here, for example, the OCC application interval can follow the configuration of OCC application unit and / or OCC length. Here, for example, OCC can be applied on the time axis in multiples of time slots. Here, for example, the (nominal) time domain window (TDW) can refer to the (nominal) time interval for which the UE is expected to maintain phase continuity and / or power consistency, and the base station can (pre)configure / define / indicate it to the UE. Here, for example, the hopping interval can refer to the (time / frequency) interval for maintaining a single hopping when an OCC index hopping is applied. Here, for example, the hopping interval can be calculated based on the physical time slot index and / or the available time slot index. Here, for example, the base station can (pre)configure and / or (pre)define the time slot index method to be referenced for the hopping interval. Here, for example, a physical time slot can refer to a scheduling unit that is physically defined (on the time axis). Here, for example, an available time slot can refer to a time slot in which the UE can fully transmit the allocated PUSCH resources. For example, if some (OFDM) symbols in the PUSCH resources scheduled within a time slot are invalid symbols (e.g., downlink transmission symbols and / or synchronization signal transmission symbols, etc.), the corresponding time slot may not be an available time slot. Here, for example, if the hopping interval is greater than the (nominal) TDW, the UE can disable OCC index hopping and / or OCC application. For example, the UE can apply OCC without an OCC index hopping, or it can choose not to apply OCC. Here, for example, the base station can configure and / or indicate to the UE the OCC index offset to be additionally applied to the OCC index hopping.

[0154] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0155] Here, for example, when a UE applies an OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmissions), the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmissions) can be an uplink data channel scheduled based on TYPE1 Configuration Grant (CG). Here, for example, if a fixed OCC index is applied to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmissions) based on TYPE1 CG, it may continuously conflict with uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or their retransmissions) based on TYPE1 CG scheduled with the same resources in neighboring cells and / or neighboring beams and / or neighboring coverage areas. Here, for example, it is conceivable that the UE supports OCC index hopping for OCCs applied to uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or their retransmissions). Therefore, in this disclosure, when a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmission), the base station and / or the UE can (pre)configure and / or (pre)define OCC index hopping, and if OCC index hopping is applied, the hopping interval can be (pre)configured and / or (pre)defined by one or more of the following methods: (1) Configure and / or define in units of time slots / symbols (or multiples thereof) (2) Configure and / or define in units of OCC length (or multiples thereof). (3) Configure and / or define in units of (nominal) TDW (or multiples thereof). Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, when the UE applies OCC to the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmission), there is an advantage that the interference effects from neighboring cells and / or neighboring beams and / or neighboring coverage areas can be randomized and / or mitigated by OCC index hopping.

[0156] [Proposed Method #08] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0157] [Proposed Method #09] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmission), the base station and / or the UE can (pre)configure and / or (pre)define the OCC index transition, and the mode of the OCC index transition can be determined based on one or more of the following factors (or parameters): (1) Scrambling ID (used for PUSCH) (2) Physical Cell ID (PCDI) (3) Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) Index (4) Beam reference signal index For example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. For example, OCC can be applied to repeated transmissions. For example, the OCC application interval can follow the configuration of OCC application unit and / or OCC length.

[0158] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0159] Here, for example, when a UE applies an OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmissions), the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmissions) can be an uplink data channel scheduled based on TYPE1 Configuration Grant (CG). Here, for example, if a fixed OCC index is applied to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmissions) based on TYPE1 CG, it may continuously conflict with uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or their retransmissions) based on TYPE1 CG scheduled with the same resources in neighboring cells and / or neighboring beams and / or neighboring coverage areas. Here, for example, it is conceivable that the UE supports OCC index hopping for OCCs applied to uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or their retransmissions). Therefore, in this disclosure, when a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmission), the base station and / or the UE can (pre)configure and / or (pre)define the OCC index transition, and the mode of the OCC index transition can be determined based on one or more of the following factors (or parameters): (1) Scrambling ID (used for PUSCH) (2) Physical Cell ID (PCDI) (3) Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) Index (4) Beam reference signal index Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, when the UE applies OCC to the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmission), there is an advantage that the interference effects from neighboring cells and / or neighboring beams and / or neighboring coverage areas can be randomized and / or mitigated by OCC index hopping.

[0160] [Proposed Method #09] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0161] [Proposed Method #10] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmissions), the UE can determine the OCC length based on the transmission interval / length and / or the number of retransmissions of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (based on implicit rules). Here, for example, whether to apply OCC can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to retransmissions. Here, for example, the OCC application interval can follow the configuration of the OCC application unit and / or OCC length. Here, for example, the implicit rules can be rules that are (pre)configured and / or (pre)committed between the base station and the UE. Here, for example, when determining the OCC length, the UE can select from numbers that can be expressed as powers of 2 a number suitable for the transmission interval / length and / or the number of retransmissions of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH).

[0162] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0163] Here, for example, the UE can apply OCC to the retransmission of uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH). Here, for example, the OCC application unit can be defined as a retransmission unit (or a multiple thereof). Here, for example, the OCC length can be determined based on the transmission interval / length and / or the number of retransmissions of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (based on implicit rules), without a separate explicit configuration / indication. Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, there is an advantage that the OCC length can be determined based on a method agreed upon between the base station and the UE without incurring separate signaling overhead for indicating the OCC length.

[0164] [Proposed Method #10] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0165] [Proposed Method #11] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmissions), if the (actual) time-domain window (TDW) is less than the (configured / indicated) OCC length, the UE can do one or more of the following: (1) Non-application / (partial) application of OCC (2) Omit all PUSCH transmissions associated with resource groups of the application OCC. Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to repeated transmissions. Here, for example, the OCC application interval can follow the configuration of OCC application unit and / or OCC length. Here, for example, the (actual) time domain window (TDW) can refer to the actual time interval during which the UE is expected to maintain phase continuity and / or power consistency, and can be an interval occurring within the (nominal) TDW that is (pre)configured / defined / indicated by the base station. For example, the (actual) TDW can be defined based on the timing of event occurrence. Here, for example, an event can refer to an event in which phase continuity and / or power consistency is not maintained, and can be classified as dynamic events (e.g., events triggered by DCI or MAC-CE) and semi-static events (events other than dynamic events). Here, for example, the (nominal) time domain window (TDW) can refer to the (nominal) time interval during which the UE is expected to maintain phase continuity and / or power consistency, and the base station can (pre)configure / define / indicate it to the UE.

[0166] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0167] Here, for example, when a specific event occurs, the UE may not guarantee maintaining phase continuity and / or power consistency for transmitted signals. Here, for example, an event may refer to an event in which phase continuity and / or power consistency is not maintained, and may be classified as a dynamic event (e.g., an event triggered by DCI or MAC-CE) and a semi-static event (an event other than a dynamic event). Here, for example, the (actual) TDW may be determined based on the occurrence of the event. Here, for example, the (actual) time window (TDW) may refer to the actual time interval during which the UE is expected to maintain phase continuity and / or power consistency, and may be an interval occurring within the (nominal) TDW configured / defined / indicated by the base station. For example, the (actual) TDW may be defined based on the timing of the event occurrence. Here, for example, if the (actual) TDW is less than the OCC application interval and / or OCC length that the UE applies to the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmission), orthogonality within the OCC application interval and / or OCC length may not be guaranteed. Therefore, in the corresponding situation, the UE may not apply OCC, or may omit (all) PUSCH transmissions associated with the resource group that applies the corresponding OCC in order not to exert interference on other transmissions. Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, when the orthogonality of OCCs within the OCC application interval and / or OCC length for uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or their repeated transmissions) is not guaranteed, by not applying OCC or omitting transmissions in the resource group that applies OCC, it is expected that the effect of improving UE operation or reducing interference can be anticipated.

[0168] [Proposed Method #11] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0169] [Proposed Method #12] When a UE can apply OCC to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmission), the UE can refrain from applying UE operations related to the occurrence of an event within the OCC application interval and / or the OCC length. For example, the UE can refrain from applying one or more of the following operations within the OCC application interval and / or the OCC length. For example, the UE can apply the operation at a timed interval after the OCC application interval and / or the OCC length: (1) Downlink (DL) reception and / or monitoring (2) Other UL transmissions (and / or their duplicate transmissions) in PUSCH (3) UL sent omission / cancellation (4) Frequency jump (5) Apply UL timing advance (TA) (indicated by MAC CE) (6) SRS resource set association (7) Update almanac (or orbital information of non-ground base stations or satellites) information (8) Update (public) scheduled advance (TA) For example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. For example, OCC can be applied to retransmissions. For example, the OCC application interval can follow the configuration of the OCC application unit and / or OCC length. For example, an event can refer to an event in which phase continuity and / or power consistency are not maintained, and can be classified as a dynamic event (e.g., an event triggered by DCI or MAC-CE) and a semi-static event (an event other than a dynamic event). For example, almanac information can refer to the mobile orbit information of a non-terrestrial base station or satellite. For example, (common) timing advance (TA) can refer to the TA commonly applied to the UE in non-terrestrial networks, and can be a value applied by the UE based on parameters configured by the base station (or network) and a (pre)defined / configured formula.

[0170] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0171] Here, for example, when a specific event occurs, the UE may not guarantee the maintenance of phase continuity and / or power consistency for transmitted signals. Here, for example, an event may refer to an event in which phase continuity and / or power consistency are not maintained, and may be classified as a dynamic event (e.g., an event triggered by DCI or MAC-CE) and a semi-static event (an event other than a dynamic event). Here, for example, when an event occurs within the OCC application interval and / or OCC length to which the UE is to apply an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmission), orthogonality and / or validity may not be guaranteed. Therefore, in this disclosure, when the UE can apply OCC to the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its retransmission), the UE may not apply UE operations related to the occurrence of the event within the OCC application interval and / or OCC length. For example, the UE may not apply one or more of the following operations within the OCC application interval and / or OCC length: (1) Downlink (DL) reception and / or monitoring (2) Other UL transmissions (and / or their duplicate transmissions) in PUSCH (3) UL sent omission / cancellation (4) Frequency jump (5) Apply UL timing advance (TA) (indicated by MAC CE) (6) SRS resource set association (7) Update almanac (or orbital information of non-ground base stations or satellites) information (8) Update (public) scheduled advance (TA) Here, for example, the UE can apply the operation outside the OCC application interval and / or OCC length. Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, when OCC is applied to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmissions), there is an advantage that the utility of OCC can be increased by ensuring the orthogonality and / or effectiveness of OCC as much as possible for the UE.

[0172] [Proposed Method #12] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0173] [Proposed Method #13] When a UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources (or repeated transmissions) of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), if a bit field indicating OCC parameters (hereinafter, the first bit field) and a bit field indicating transmission parameters other than OCC parameters (hereinafter, the second bit field) exist in the dynamic control channel (e.g., DCI), then if a specific state of the first bit field (hereinafter, the first state) and / or a specific state of the second bit field (hereinafter, the second state) is indicated, the UE can determine that OCC is not applied. Here, for example, the first bit field may be a bit field indicating the OCC index and / or the OCC length and / or the OCC type. Here, for example, the first bit field may be the same as or interlocked with a bit field indicating the antenna port of the DM-RS. Here, for example, the second bit field may be a bit field indicating the redundant version (RV) of the transport block (TB) and / or a bit field indicating a frequency hopping. Here, for example, the interpretation of the second bit field may vary depending on the presence or absence of the first bit field. For example, if a first bit field exists, prior information and / or higher-layer configuration information for interpreting the second bit field can be provided to the UE separately. Here, for example, the first state could be a state indicating that all OCC sequences have the value '1' (e.g., [1 1] if the OCC length is 2, [1 1 1 1] if the OCC length is 4, etc.). Here, for example, the second state could be a state corresponding to 'RV ID = 1' and / or a specific RV cycle pattern (e.g., [1 0 2 3]).

[0174] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0175] Here, for example, the base station (or network) can support delivering OCC parameters to the UE via a dynamic control channel (e.g., DCI) for transmission of uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied. Here, for example, releasing OCC application may be preferred if no other UE is multiplexed during PUSCH transmission. For example, if OCC is applied to repeated PUSCH transmissions, repeated UCI transmissions within the resource group with OCC application should be guaranteed to maintain OCC orthogonality when UCI is included in the PUSCH (e.g., UCI piggyback), thus the signal load for UCI transmission may be large. On the other hand, for example, if OCC is not applied to repeated PUSCH transmissions, the signal load for UCI transmission can be small because UCI can be transmitted only within overlapping PUSCH resources on the time axis. Therefore, unless the UE is multiplexed with another UE, it may be preferred for the base station (or network node) to instruct the UE to release OCC application. Here, for example, the release of OCC application can be indicated by a dedicated bit field within the Dynamic Control Channel (hereinafter, Dynamic Control Information (DCI)), but the DCI size can change based on the addition of new bit fields. As a result, the UE may be burdened with the high complexity of receiving operations requiring blind detection across multiple DCI formats / sizes. Therefore, in this disclosure, when the UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources (or retransmissions) of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), if a bit field indicating OCC parameters (hereinafter, the first bit field) and a bit field indicating transmission parameters other than OCC parameters (hereinafter, the second bit field) exist in the Dynamic Control Channel (e.g., DCI), the UE can determine that OCC is not applied if a specific state of the first bit field (hereinafter, the first state) and / or a specific state of the second bit field (hereinafter, the second state) is indicated. For example, the first bit field could be a bit field indicating the OCC index. For example, the second bit field could be a bit field indicating the redundant version (RV) of a transport block (TB). For example, the first state could be a state where all OCC sequences have the value '1' (e.g., [1 1] if the OCC length is 2, [1 1 1 1] if the OCC length is 4, etc.). For example, the second state could be a state corresponding to 'RV ID = 1' and / or a specific RV cycle pattern (e.g., [1 0 2 3]).

[0176] Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, there is an advantage that OCC application / application release operations for uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or their repeated transmissions) can be dynamically indicated without the need for separate dedicated bit fields or increased control signal transmission load.

[0177] [Proposed Method #13] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0178] [Proposed Method #14] When a UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources (or retransmissions) of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), if the UE can apply OCC to the retransmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), the base station (or network node) can configure / instruct the UE to omit PUSCH transmission in units of OCC groups within the retransmission interval. Here, for example, whether to apply OCC can be configured / instructed by the base station. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to retransmissions. Here, for example, an OCC group can refer to a resource group that applies the same OCC sequence. Here, for example, OCC can be applied to the retransmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (on the time axis and / or frequency axis). Here, for example, the retransmission interval of the uplink data channel (on the time / frequency axis) can be configured / instructed to be equal to or longer than the OCC application interval (or OCC length) (on the time / frequency axis).

[0179] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0180] Here, for example, a PUSCH (repeated) transmission using OCC (hereinafter, the first transmission) may conflict with another PUSCH transmission that does not support OCC (e.g., a PUSCH transmission for a legacy UE) (hereinafter, the second transmission) in the same resource. Here, for example, to reduce interference with the second transmission, transmission omission for resources conflicting with the second transmission can be performed in the first transmission. Here, for example, the resources omitted in the first transmission may be resources in units of OCC groups. Here, for example, an OCC group may refer to a group of resources applying the same OCC sequence. For example, when the first transmission is divided into multiple OCC groups, the base station (or network node) may configure / instruct the UE to omit transmissions for OCC groups that include at least one or more resources conflicting with the second transmission.

[0181] Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, when OCC is applied to an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) (and / or its repeated transmission), by indicating and / or configuring transmission omissions on a per-group basis of OCCs to which OCCs are applied, the effect of preventing and / or avoiding interference to channels that cannot be multiplexed with PUSCHs to which OCCs are applied can be achieved.

[0182] [Proposed Method #14] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0183] [Proposed Method #15] When the UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources (or repeated transmissions) of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) of Msg3, the UE can apply the Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier ((RA-)RNTI) for Msg3 by one or more of the following methods: (1) The UE can select and apply a fixed (RA-) RNTI.

[0184] (2) The UE can select and apply (pre)configured (RA-) RNTI.

[0185] (3) The UE can (randomly) select and apply (RA-) RNTI.

[0186] (4) The UE can (randomly) select a (virtual) RACH resource, and the UE can apply a (RA-) RNTI determined based on the RACH resource.

[0187] (5) The UE can select and apply (RA-) RNTI based on the time resources / frequency resources / OCC resources of Msg3.

[0188] (6) The UE may select and apply (RA-) RNTI based on UE identification information and / or contention resolution ID.

[0189] Here, for example, Msg3 can be a contention-based (CB) Msg3 Early Data Transmission (EDT). For example, a contention-based (CB) Msg3 Early Data Transmission (EDT) can refer to Msg3 transmitted by the UE by omitting the transmission of Msg1 (RACH preamble) and Msg2 (Random Access Response). Here, for example, RACH resources can refer to NPRACH (NB-IoT PRACH) resources. Here, for example, the time resources for Msg3 can include resources for starting timing and / or ending timing and / or the number of repetitions and / or the number of time slots for transmitting a transport block (TB) and / or the number of resource units (e.g., N). RUHere, for example, (RA-)RNTI can be an RNTI used during Msg3 transmission to determine the data scrambling sequence and / or DM-RS sequence and / or sequence used for CRC masking.

[0190] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0191] Here, for example, the OCC application for PUSCH can also be applied to Msg3 during the initial access process. For example, Msg3 can be repeatedly transmitted on multiple time slots, and OCC can be applied to repeated transmissions. Here, it is necessary to define a method for determining the RA-RNTI applied to Msg3. For example, if Msg3 is a CBMsg3 EDT transmitted by omitting Msg1 and / or Msg2, then since there is no information on Msg1 and / or Msg2 to refer to, it may be necessary to define a new method for determining and / or applying the RA-RNTI for the CB Msg3 EDT.

[0192] Therefore, in this disclosure, when the UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources (or repeated transmissions) of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) of Msg3, the UE can apply the Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier ((RA-)RNTI) for Msg3 by one or more of the following methods: (1) The UE can select and apply a fixed (RA-) RNTI.

[0193] (2) The UE can select and apply (pre)configured (RA-) RNTI.

[0194] (3) The UE can (randomly) select and apply (RA-) RNTI.

[0195] (4) The UE can (randomly) select a (virtual) RACH resource, and the UE can apply a (RA-) RNTI determined based on the RACH resource.

[0196] (5) The UE can select and apply (RA-) RNTI based on the time resources / frequency resources / OCC resources of Msg3.

[0197] (6) The UE may select and apply (RA-) RNTI based on UE identification information and / or contention resolution ID.

[0198] Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, the UE can clearly determine the advantages of RA-RNTI even for CB Msg3 EDT transmitted by omitting Msg1 and / or Msg2.

[0199] [Proposed Method #15] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0200] For example, the scrambling sequence generator can be initialized based on Equation 1.

[0201] [Formula 1]

[0202] For example, n s This could be the first time slot for codeword transmission. For example, in the case of NPUSCH repetition, in every M... NPUSCH identical After sending the codewords, the scrambling sequence can be reinitialized based on Equation 1, and in this case, n s and n f These can be configured separately for the first time slot and frame to be repeatedly transmitted. For example, M NPUSCH identical It can be configured for UE and / or base station.

[0203] For example, resource allocation information in the uplink DCI format N0 used for NPUSCH transmission, or resource allocation information configured by the higher layer for NPUSCH transmission using pre-configured uplink resources, can indicate the following to the scheduled UE: - A group of consecutively allocated subcarriers of a resource unit, determined by the subcarrier indication field or by the higher-layer parameter npusch-SubCarrierSetIndex in PUR-Config-NB. sc ) - The number of resource units (N) determined by the resource assignment field according to Table 4 or by the high-level parameter npusch-NumRUsIndex in PUR-Config-NB. RU ) - The number of repetitions (N) determined by the repetition count field according to Table 5. Rep ), and for NPUSCH transmissions using pre-configured uplink resources, in addition to using 16QAM (where N Rep In addition to NPUSCH (=1), the UE can use the number of repetitions configured by the higher layer.

[0204] For example, the subcarrier spacing Δf transmitted by NPUSCH can be determined by the following: - In the case of NPUSCH transmission using pre-configured uplink resources and subsequent NPUSCH transmissions until a narrowband random access response grant is received, it is the higher-layer parameter npusch-SubCarrierSetIndex. - Otherwise, it is the uplink subcarrier spacing field in the narrowband random access response grant.

[0205] For example, for NPUSCH transmission with a subcarrier spacing Δf = 3.75 kHz, n sc =I sc Here, for example, I sc It can be a subcarrier indication field, and I sc =48, 49, ..., 63 can be reserved, or for NPUSCH transmissions using pre-configured uplink resources, n sc It can be configured by the high-level parameter npusch-SubCarrierSetIndex in PUR-Config-NB.

[0206] For example, for NPUSCH transmission with a subcarrier spacing Δf = 15 kHz, the subcarrier indication field (I) in the DCI... sc Alternatively, for the npusch-SubCarrierSetIndex in the PUR-Config-NB transmitted using NPUSCH with pre-configured uplink resources, a set of consecutively allocated subcarriers (n) can be determined according to Table 3. sc ).

[0207] Table 3 shows an example of subcarrier allocation for an NPUSCH of Δf = 15 kHz.

[0208] [Table 3]

[0209] Table 4 shows the number of resource units (N) in NPUSCH. RU Examples of ).

[0210] [Table 4]

[0211] Table 5 shows the number of repetitions of NPUSCH (N Rep Examples of ).

[0212] [Table 5]

[0213] [Proposed Method #16] When the UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources (or retransmissions) of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) of Msg3, the UE can apply the OCC parameters for Msg3 through one or more of the following methods: (1) The UE can select and apply (pre)configured OCC parameters.

[0214] (2) The UE can (randomly) select and apply the OCC parameters.

[0215] (3) The UE can (randomly) select (virtual) RACH resources, and the UE can (randomly) select and apply OCC parameters determined based on the RACH resources.

[0216] (4) The UE can select and apply OCC parameters based on Msg3’s time resources / frequency resources / OCC resources.

[0217] (5) The UE may select and apply OCC parameters based on UE identification information and / or contention resolution ID.

[0218] Here, for example, Msg3 can be contention-based (CB) Early Data Transmission (EDT) of Msg3. For example, contention-based (CB) Early Data Transmission (EDT) of Msg3 can refer to Msg3 transmitted by the UE by omitting the transmission of Msg1 (RACH preamble) and Msg2 (Random Access Response). Here, for example, OCC parameters can include at least one or more of OCC enable / disable and / or OCC index and / or OCC type and / or OCC codeword and / or OCC length.

[0219] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0220] Here, for example, the OCC application for PUSCH can also be applied to Msg3 during the initial access process. For example, Msg3 can be repeatedly transmitted on multiple time slots, and OCC can be applied to the repeated transmissions. Here, it is necessary to define a method for determining the OCC parameters applied to Msg3. Therefore, in this disclosure, when the UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources (or repeated transmissions) of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) for Msg3, the UE can apply the OCC parameters for Msg3 through one or more of the following methods: (1) The UE can select and apply (pre)configured OCC parameters.

[0221] (2) The UE can (randomly) select and apply the OCC parameters.

[0222] (3) The UE can (randomly) select (virtual) RACH resources, and the UE can (randomly) select and apply OCC parameters determined based on the RACH resources.

[0223] (4) The UE can select and apply OCC parameters based on Msg3’s time resources / frequency resources / OCC resources.

[0224] (5) The UE may select and apply OCC parameters based on UE identification information and / or contention resolution ID.

[0225] Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, there is an advantage that the UE can clearly determine the OCC parameters of Msg3 with OCC applied.

[0226] [Proposed Method #16] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0227] [Proposed Method #17] When the UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources (or repeated transmissions) of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) for Msg3, the transmission start time of Msg3 with OCC applied can be restricted. Here, for example, Msg3 can be a contention-based (CB) Early Data Transmission (EDT) of Msg3. For example, contention-based (CB) Early Data Transmission (EDT) of Msg3 can refer to Msg3 transmitted by the UE by omitting the transmission of Msg1 (RACH preamble) and Msg2 (random access response). Here, for example, the transmission start time of Msg3 can be given in the form of a resource grid determined in units of OCC length (or multiples thereof). For example, if inter-slot OCC is applied and the OCC length is 2, the UE can determine the transmission start time in units of 2 slots. Here, for example, the transmission start time of Msg3 can be restricted in units of OCC length (or multiples thereof).

[0228] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on a non-terrestrial network according to an embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). For example, the non-terrestrial network may include the UE, a satellite, and a base station; a serving link may connect the UE and the satellite, and a feeder link may connect the satellite and the base station. Here, for example, the UE may support the transmission of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied for purposes such as increasing uplink capacity.

[0229] Here, for example, the application of OCC to PUSCH can also be applied to Msg3 during the initial access process. For example, Msg3 can be repeatedly transmitted on multiple time slots, and OCC can be applied to the repeated transmissions. Here, for example, when OCC is applied to Msg3, the transmission start positions of Msg3 transmitted by different UEs may need to be aligned. For example, the transmission timing of Msg3 can be limited in the form of a resource grid with OCC length as the basic unit. Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, by aligning the transmission start positions of UEs with Msg3 to which OCC is applied, there is an advantage in ensuring the effectiveness of OCC.

[0230] [Proposed Method #17] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0231] Figure 11 A method for performing wireless communication using an apparatus based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 11 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0232] Reference Figure 11 In step S1110, the device can obtain information related to a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices. In step S1120, the device can determine an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices. In step S1130, the device can perform a transmission to the base station based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index can be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0233] For example, based on the fact that the transmission is for the initial access, the orthogonal cover code index can be determined based on at least one of the random access preamble identifier (ID), the orthogonal cover code index associated with the random access channel, or the permitted position within the random access response.

[0234] For example, since the transmission occurs after the initial access, the transition of the orthogonal coverage code index can be performed based on at least one of the scrambling ID, physical cell ID, synchronization block index, or beam reference index. For example, the transmission can be performed based on configuration authorization from the base station.

[0235] For example, the transmission may include uplink data channel repetition, and the orthogonal overlay code may be applied to the uplink data channel repetition.

[0236] Additionally, for example, the device may report to the base station its capability to apply the orthogonal coverage code to the transmission based on initial access resources. For example, a random access preamble transmitted on initial access resources configured between the base station and the device may indicate that the device has the capability to apply the orthogonal coverage code to the transmission.

[0237] For example, the application unit of the orthogonal covering code can be determined based on the repeated units of the transmission, and the length of the orthogonal covering code can be determined based on the number of repetitions of the transmission.

[0238] For example, during the initial access process, the orthogonal coverage code index, determined based on at least one of the random access preamble ID, the orthogonal coverage code index associated with the random access channel, or the permitted position within the random access response, can be hopping based on at least one of the scrambling ID, the physical cell ID, the synchronization signal block index, or the beam reference signal index.

[0239] Additionally, for example, the device may receive information from the base station related to the interval in which the orthogonal coverage code is applied. For example, the information related to the interval in which the orthogonal coverage code is applied may include at least one of information related to the start position of the application of the orthogonal coverage code, information related to the end position of the application of the orthogonal coverage code, or information related to the length of the interval in which the orthogonal coverage code is applied.

[0240] For example, based on the fact that the transmission is an uplink data channel transmission without a random access preamble and random access response for the initial access, the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) may be selected based on at least one of time resources, frequency resources, orthogonal overlay code resources, device identification information, or contention resolution ID associated with the transmission.

[0241] For example, based on the fact that the transmission is an uplink data channel transmission without a random access preamble and random access response for the initial access, the orthogonal cover code index can be determined based on at least one of time resources, frequency resources, orthogonal cover code resources, device identification information, or contention resolution ID associated with the transmission.

[0242] For example, the transmission may be omitted if at least one of phase continuity or power consistency is not maintained during the interval in which the orthogonal overlay code is applied.

[0243] The proposed method can be applied to an apparatus based on various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the processor 102 of apparatus 100 can obtain information related to a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices. Furthermore, the processor 102 of apparatus 100 can determine an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices. Additionally, the processor 102 of apparatus 100 can control the transceiver 106 to perform transmission to a base station based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index can be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0244] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, an apparatus can be provided. For example, the apparatus may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, can cause the apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information associated with a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; determining an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; and performing a transmission to a base station based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index may be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0245] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a processing apparatus suitable for a control device can be provided. For example, the processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, based on execution by the at least one processor, can cause the apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information associated with a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; determining an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; and performing a transmission to a base station based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index may be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0246] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. For example, when executed, the instructions can cause a device to perform operations including: obtaining information associated with a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; determining an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; and performing a transmission to a base station based on an orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index can be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0247] Figure 12 A method for a base station to perform wireless communication based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 12 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0248] Reference Figure 12 In step S1210, the base station can obtain information related to a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices. In step S1220, the base station can determine an orthogonal coverage code index from among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices. In step S1230, the base station can receive transmissions from the receiving device based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index can be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0249] For example, based on the fact that the transmission is for the initial access, the orthogonal cover code index can be determined based on at least one of the random access preamble identifier (ID), the orthogonal cover code index associated with the random access channel, or the permitted position within the random access response.

[0250] For example, since the transmission occurs after the initial access, the transition of the orthogonal coverage code index can be performed based on at least one of the scrambling ID, physical cell ID, synchronization block index, or beam reference index. For example, the transmission can be performed based on configuration authorization from the base station.

[0251] For example, the transmission may include uplink data channel repetition, and the orthogonal overlay code may be applied to the uplink data channel repetition.

[0252] Additionally, for example, the base station may receive from the device the capability related to applying the orthogonal coverage code to the transmission based on initial access resources. For example, a random access preamble transmitted on initial access resources configured between the base station and the device may indicate that the device has the capability to apply the orthogonal coverage code to the transmission.

[0253] For example, the application unit of the orthogonal covering code can be determined based on the repeated units of the transmission, and the length of the orthogonal covering code can be determined based on the number of repetitions of the transmission.

[0254] For example, during the initial access process, the orthogonal coverage code index, determined based on at least one of the random access preamble ID, the orthogonal coverage code index associated with the random access channel, or the permitted position within the random access response, can be hopping based on at least one of the scrambling ID, the physical cell ID, the synchronization signal block index, or the beam reference signal index.

[0255] Additionally, for example, the base station may send information to the device related to the interval in which the orthogonal coverage code is applied. For example, the information related to the interval in which the orthogonal coverage code is applied may include at least one of information related to the start position of the application of the orthogonal coverage code, information related to the end position of the application of the orthogonal coverage code, or information related to the length of the interval in which the orthogonal coverage code is applied.

[0256] For example, based on the fact that the transmission is an uplink data channel transmission without a random access preamble and random access response for the initial access, the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) may be selected based on at least one of time resources, frequency resources, orthogonal overlay code resources, device identification information, or contention resolution ID associated with the transmission.

[0257] For example, based on the fact that the transmission is an uplink data channel transmission without a random access preamble and random access response for the initial access, the orthogonal cover code index can be determined based on at least one of time resources, frequency resources, orthogonal cover code resources, device identification information, or contention resolution ID associated with the transmission.

[0258] For example, the transmission may be omitted if at least one of phase continuity or power consistency is not maintained during the interval in which the orthogonal overlay code is applied.

[0259] The proposed method can be applied to a base station based on various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the processor 202 of the base station 200 can obtain information related to a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices. Furthermore, the processor 202 of the base station 200 can determine an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices. Additionally, the processor 202 of the base station 200 can control the transceiver 206 to receive transmissions from the receiving device based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index can be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0260] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a base station can be provided. For example, the base station may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the base station to perform operations including: obtaining information associated with a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; determining an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; and receiving a transmission from a receiving device based on an orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index may be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0261] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a processing apparatus suitable for controlling a base station can be provided. For example, the processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the base station to perform operations including: obtaining information associated with a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; determining an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; and receiving a transmission from a receiving apparatus based on an orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index may be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0262] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. For example, when executed, the instructions can cause a base station to perform operations including: obtaining information associated with a plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; determining an orthogonal coverage code index among the plurality of orthogonal coverage code indices; and receiving a transmission from a receiving device based on an orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. For example, the orthogonal coverage code index can be determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

[0263] The various embodiments disclosed herein can be combined with each other.

[0264] The following will describe apparatuses to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0265] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts of this disclosure described herein can be applied to, but are not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0266] The following description will be more detailed with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / description, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks.

[0267] Figure 13 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 13 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0268] Reference Figure 13 The communication system 1, which applies various embodiments of this disclosure, includes wireless devices, base stations (BS), and networks. Herein, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. Wireless devices may include, but are not limited to, robots 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, extended reality (XR) devices 100c, handheld devices 100d, home appliances 100e, Internet of Things (IoT) devices 100f, and artificial intelligence (AI) devices / servers 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with wireless communication capabilities, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Herein, a vehicle may include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones) and / or aircraft (AVs) (e.g., advanced air traffic (AAM)). XR devices can include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices, and can take the form of head-up displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, etc. Handheld devices can include smartphones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses) and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances can include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices can include sensors and smart meters. For example, the BS and network can be implemented as wireless devices, and a particular wireless device 200a can operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0269] Here, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may include narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) for low-power communication, in addition to LTE, NR, and 6G. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as a standard such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN and may be referred to by various names including enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE Cat 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine-type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), and ZigBee, which takes into account low power communication, and are not limited to the aforementioned names. As an example, ZigBee technology may generate personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low power digital communication based on various standards including IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0270] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to network 300 via BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication with each other (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0271] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c can be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200, or between BS 200 / BS 200. In this document, wireless communication / connections can be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, access backhaul integration (IAB)). Wireless devices and BS / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. For this purpose, at least a portion of various configuration information configuration processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes for transmitting / receiving radio signals can be performed based on various proposals of this disclosure.

[0272] Figure 14 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 14 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0273] Reference Figure 14 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals via various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). In this document, {first wireless device 100 and second wireless device 200} can correspond to... Figure 13 The {Wireless Device 100x and BS 200} and / or {Wireless Device 100x and Wireless Device 100x}.

[0274] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processors 102 may control the memories 104 and / or the transceivers 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processors 102 may process information in the memories 104 to generate a first information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal via the transceivers 106. The processors 102 may receive a radio signal including a second information / signal via the transceivers 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the second information / signal in the memories 104. One or more memories 104 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and may store various information related to the operation of one or more processors 102. For example, one or more memories 104 may store software code including instructions for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. In this document, one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 106 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 106 may be used interchangeably with radio frequency (RF) units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0275] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processors 202 may control the memories 204 and / or the transceivers 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processors 202 may process information in the memories 204 to generate a third message / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the third message / signal via the transceivers 206. The processors 202 may receive a radio signal including a fourth message / signal via the transceivers 206, and then store the information obtained by processing the fourth message / signal in the memories 204. One or more memories 204 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and may store various information related to the operation of one or more processors 202. For example, one or more memories 204 may store software code including instructions for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. In this document, one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 206 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 206 may be used interchangeably with RF units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0276] The hardware elements of wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by, but are not limited to, one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0277] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and such firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202, or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204 to be driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document can be implemented in firmware or software in the form of code, commands, and / or command sets.

[0278] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be composed of read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk drive, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0279] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing by one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert the processed user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors 102 and 202. For this purpose, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0280] Figure 15 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 15 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0281] Reference Figure 15 The signal processing circuit 1000 may include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a pre-encoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050, and a signal generator 1060. It can perform... Figure 15 Operations / functions, but not limited to Figure 14Processors 102 and 202 and / or transceivers 106 and 206. Figure 15 The hardware components can be used Figure 14 The processors 102 and 202 and / or transceivers 106 and 206 are used for implementation. For example, boxes 1010 to 1060 can be implemented using... Figure 14 Processors 102 and 202 are used for implementation. Alternatively, blocks 1010 to 1050 can be implemented using... Figure 14 The processors 102 and 202 are used to implement this, and the box 1060 can be implemented through... Figure 14 This is achieved using transceivers 106 and 206.

[0282] Typing can be done through Figure 15 The signal processing circuit 1000 converts the signal into a radio signal. In this document, a codeword is a sequence of encoded bits for an information block. An information block may include a transport block (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). Radio signals can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH and PDSCH).

[0283] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence used for scrambling can be generated based on an initialization value, which may include the ID information of the wireless device. The scrambling bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by modulator 1020. The modulation scheme may include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped (pre-encoded) to the corresponding antenna port by pre-encoder 1040. The output z of pre-encoder 1040 can be obtained by combining the output y of layer mapper 1030 with N... The M precoding matrix W is obtained by multiplying the M precoding matrix. In this paper, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. The precoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) on the complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0284] Resource mapper 1050 maps modulation symbols for each antenna port to time-frequency resources. Time-frequency resources may include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. Signal generator 1060 can generate radio signals from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signals can be transmitted to other devices via each antenna. For this purpose, signal generator 1060 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and a frequency up-converter.

[0285] The signal processing procedure used for signals received in a wireless device can be compared with... Figure 15 The signal processing procedures 1010 to 1060 are configured in the reverse manner. For example, wireless devices (e.g., Figure 14 The receiver (100 and 200) can receive radio signals from the outside via the antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signals can be converted into baseband signals by a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer may include a frequency down-converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signal can be recovered into codewords through a resource demapping process, a post-encoding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be recovered into the original information blocks through decoding. Therefore, the signal processing circuitry (not illustrated) for receiving signals may include a signal restorer, a resource demapping unit, a post-encoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0286] Figure 16 Another example of a wireless device based on an implementation of this disclosure is shown. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see reference). Figure 13 ). Figure 16 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0287] Reference Figure 16 Wireless devices 100 and 200 can correspond to Figure 14 The wireless devices 100 and 200 can be configured using various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include... Figure 14 One or more processors 102 and 202 and / or one or more memories 104 and 204. For example, transceiver 114 may include Figure 14The device comprises one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and / or one or more antennas 108 and 208. The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the add-on components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs / code / commands / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0288] The additional component 140 can be configured differently depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional component 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be implemented in, but is not limited to, the following forms: robot ( Figure 13 100a), vehicles ( Figure 13 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR device ( Figure 13 100c), handheld device ( Figure 13 100d), home appliances ( Figure 13 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 13 100f), digital broadcasting terminals, holographic devices, public safety devices, MTC devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, climate / environmental devices, AI servers / devices ( Figure 13 400), BS ( Figure 13 (e.g., 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, wireless devices can be used in mobile or fixed locations.

[0289] exist Figure 16In both wireless devices 100 and 200, all elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules can be connected to each other via wired interfaces, or at least a portion thereof can be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. For example, in each of wireless devices 100 and 200, control unit 120 and communication unit 110 can be wired connected, and control unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) can be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within wireless devices 100 and 200 may also include one or more elements. For example, control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of one or more processors. As an example, control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of communication control processors, application processors, electronic control units (ECUs), graphics processing units, and memory control processors. As another example, memory 130 may be configured by random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or combinations thereof.

[0290] The implementation will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 16 Examples.

[0291] Figure 17 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. The handheld device may include a smartphone, smart tablet, wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smart glasses), or portable computer (e.g., a laptop). The handheld device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), user terminal (UT), mobile subscriber station (MSS), subscriber station (SS), advanced mobile station (AMS), or wireless terminal (WT). Figure 17 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0292] Reference Figure 17 The handheld device 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b, and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c respectively correspond to... Figure 16 The frame is 110 to 130 / 140.

[0293] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the components of handheld device 100. Control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). Storage unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive handheld device 100. Storage unit 130 can store input / output data / information. Power supply unit 140a can supply power to handheld device 100 and includes wired / wireless charging circuitry, battery, etc. Interface unit 140b can support connection of handheld device 100 to other external devices. Interface unit 140b may include various ports for connection to external devices (e.g., audio I / O ports and video I / O ports). I / O unit 140c can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data and / or user-input information. I / O unit 140c may include a camera, microphone, user input unit, display unit 140d, speaker and / or haptic module.

[0294] As an example, in the case of data communication, I / O unit 140c can acquire user input information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video), and the acquired information / signals can be stored in storage unit 130. Communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to the BS. Communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or the BS, and then recover the received radio signals into the original information / signals. The recovered information / signals can be stored in storage unit 130 and can be output in various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or haptic) through I / O unit 140c.

[0295] Figure 18 The illustration shows a vehicle or autonomous vehicle based on an embodiment of this disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle can be implemented as a mobile robot, automobile, train, manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), ship, etc. Figure 18 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0296] Reference Figure 18 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to... Figure 16 The frame size is 110 / 130 / 140.

[0297] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BS (e.g., gNB and roadside units), and servers. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the components of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. Control unit 120 may include electronic control unit (ECU). Drive unit 140a enables the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move on the road. Drive unit 140a may include an engine, motor, powertrain, wheels, brakes, steering system, etc. Power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuitry, battery, etc. Sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. Sensor unit 140c may include inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors, collision sensors, wheel sensors, speed sensors, slope sensors, weight sensors, heading sensors, position modules, vehicle forward / reverse sensors, battery sensors, fuel sensors, tire sensors, steering sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, ultrasonic sensors, lighting sensors, pedal position sensors, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140d can implement technologies for maintaining the vehicle's lane, technologies for automatically adjusting speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), technologies for autonomous driving along a defined path, and technologies for driving by automatically setting a path when a destination is set.

[0298] For example, communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc., from an external server. Autonomous driving unit 140d can generate autonomous driving paths and driving plans from the acquired data. Control unit 120 can control drive unit 140a, enabling the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, communication unit 110 can periodically or non-periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. Autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. Communication unit 110 can transmit information about vehicle location, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to an external server. The external server can use AI technology, etc., to predict traffic information data based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicle and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle.

[0299] The claims in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, technical features in the method claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device, and technical features in the device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a method. Additionally, technical features in one or more method claims and one or more device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device.

Claims

1. A method comprising the following steps: Obtain information related to multiple orthogonal covering code indices; Determine the orthogonal cover code index from among the plurality of orthogonal cover code indices; as well as Transmission to the base station is performed based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. The orthogonal coverage code index is determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Since the transmission is for the initial access, the orthogonal cover code index is determined based on at least one of the random access preamble identifier (ID), the orthogonal cover code index associated with the random access channel, or the authorized position within the random access response.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Since the transmission occurs after the initial access, the transition of the orthogonal coverage code index is performed based on at least one of the scrambling ID, physical cell ID, synchronization signal block index, or beam reference signal index.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, The transmission is performed based on configuration authorization from the base station.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission includes uplink data channel repetition, and the orthogonal overlay code is applied to the uplink data channel repetition.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps: Based on initial access resources, report to the base station the capability related to applying the orthogonal coverage code to the transmission.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The random access preamble transmitted on the initial access resources configured between the base station and the device indicates that the device has the ability to apply the orthogonal overlay code to the transmission.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The application unit of the orthogonal covering code is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions, and the length of the orthogonal covering code is determined based on the number of repeated transmissions.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, During the initial access process, the orthogonal coverage code index, which is determined based on at least one of the random access preamble ID, the orthogonal coverage code index associated with the random access channel, or the authorized position within the random access response, is hopping based on at least one of the scrambling ID, the physical cell ID, the synchronization signal block index, or the beam reference signal index.

10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the following step: Receive information from the base station related to the interval for applying the orthogonal coverage code. The information related to the interval in which the orthogonal covering code is applied includes at least one of the following: information related to the start position of the application of the orthogonal covering code, information related to the end position of the application of the orthogonal covering code, or information related to the length of the interval in which the orthogonal covering code is applied.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Since the transmission is an uplink data channel transmission without a random access preamble and random access response for the initial access, the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) is selected based on at least one of time resources, frequency resources, orthogonal overlay code resources, device identification information, or contention resolution ID associated with the transmission.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Since the transmission is an uplink data channel transmission without a random access preamble and random access response for the initial access, the orthogonal cover code index is determined based on at least one of time resources, frequency resources, orthogonal cover code resources, device identification information, or contention resolution ID associated with the transmission.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission is omitted if at least one of phase continuity or power consistency is not maintained during the interval in which the orthogonal overlay code is applied.

14. An apparatus comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the device to perform operations, the operations including: Obtain information related to multiple orthogonal covering code indices; Determine the orthogonal covering code index among the plurality of orthogonal covering code indices; and Transmission to the base station is performed based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. The orthogonal coverage code index is determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

15. A processing apparatus suitable for a control device, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the device to perform operations, the operations including: Obtain information related to multiple orthogonal covering code indices; Determine the orthogonal covering code index among the plurality of orthogonal covering code indices; and Transmission to the base station is performed based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. The orthogonal coverage code index is determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause a device to perform operations, the operations including: Obtain information related to multiple orthogonal covering code indices; Determine the orthogonal cover code index from among the plurality of orthogonal cover code indices; as well as Transmission to the base station is performed based on the orthogonal coverage code associated with the orthogonal coverage code index. The orthogonal coverage code index is determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

17. A method comprising the steps of: Obtain information related to multiple orthogonal covering code indices; Determine the orthogonal cover code index from among the plurality of orthogonal cover code indices; as well as The receiving device transmits based on the orthogonal cover code associated with the orthogonal cover code index. The orthogonal coverage code index is determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

18. A base station, the base station comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the base station to perform an operation, the operation including: Obtain information related to multiple orthogonal covering code indices; Determine the orthogonal covering code index among the plurality of orthogonal covering code indices; and The receiving device transmits based on the orthogonal cover code associated with the orthogonal cover code index. The orthogonal coverage code index is determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

19. A processing apparatus suitable for controlling a base station, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the base station to perform an operation, the operation including: Obtain information related to multiple orthogonal covering code indices; Determine the orthogonal covering code index among the plurality of orthogonal covering code indices; and The receiving device transmits based on the orthogonal cover code associated with the orthogonal cover code index. The orthogonal coverage code index is determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause a base station to perform an operation, the operation comprising: Obtain information related to multiple orthogonal covering code indices; Determine the orthogonal cover code index from among the plurality of orthogonal cover code indices; as well as The receiving device transmits based on the orthogonal cover code associated with the orthogonal cover code index. The orthogonal coverage code index is determined based on whether the transmission is for initial access.

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